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This paper is an extension of the different tested alternatives of coastal protection measures aims to reach a stability condition around Rosetta promontory, Egypt. Rosetta inlet suffers from coastal problems represented in shoreline erosion, and siltation inside the inlet. Rosetta Promontory was created by sediment transported along the Nile River and delivered to the coast by the Rosetta branch. Following a long period of accretion, the promontory began to erode in the mid-1900’s, particularly, after building the Aswan high Dam in 1964 that detained the sediments and the water behind resulting in such problems. This study investigates different alternatives of hard and soft measures attempting to find an optimal solution for these problems (erosion, and accretion) to enhance the stability of the promontory. The simulation of the study area was carried out using a 2D dimensional model (Coastal modeling system). This model was calibrated and validated using different data collected from: Coastal Research Institute (CoRI), Coastal protection authority, Hydraulic Research Institute (HRI), and Nile Research Institute (NRI). The different scenarios have been simulated, and compared based on the morphological changes, wave characteristics, construction cost, and environmental effect.
Ali Masria; Khaled Abdelaziz; Abdelazim Negm. Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet. Journal of Oceanography and Marine Research 2017, 04, 1 -9.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Khaled Abdelaziz, Abdelazim Negm. Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet. Journal of Oceanography and Marine Research. 2017; 04 (01):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Khaled Abdelaziz; Abdelazim Negm. 2017. "Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet." Journal of Oceanography and Marine Research 04, no. 01: 1-9.
Rosetta promontory, Egypt, experiences coastal problems such as severe erosion along the shoreline and siltation problem at the outlet. This is due to the lack of water and sediment resources as a side effect of constructing the High Aswan Dam (HAD) and other water control structures along the Nile River. The shoaling inside the outlet leads to hindering the navigation process of fishing boats and negative impacts to estuarine and salt marsh habitat and decrease the efficiency of the cross section to transfer the flow during emergencies to the sea. Although protection works have been constructed to mitigate shoreline erosion and a frequent dredging has been carried out to overcome the siltation problem inside the outlet, the situation is still unstable as there is no enough attention to the severe erosion in front of the seawalls and that dredging causes instability in River Nile abatement. An integrated solution for both problems has not been achieved yet. This study investigates different alternatives of hard and soft measures attempting to find an optimal solution for these problems (erosion and accretion) to enhance the stability of the promontory. The used integrated approach includes developing a calibrated/validated hydrodynamic and particle tracking model based on the 2D Coastal Modeling System software package (CMS).
Ali Masria; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. Toward a Dynamic Stability of Coastal Zone at Rosetta Promontory, Egypt. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2016, 275 -302.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Abdelazim Negm, Moheb Iskander. Toward a Dynamic Stability of Coastal Zone at Rosetta Promontory, Egypt. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2016; ():275-302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. 2016. "Toward a Dynamic Stability of Coastal Zone at Rosetta Promontory, Egypt." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 275-302.
Shoreline change due to erosion and accretion is a major concern for integrated coastal zone management. The dynamic coastlines, such as the Nile Delta coast, pose considerable dangers regarding the coastal development. Accordingly, rapid techniques are required to update coastline maps of these areas and monitor rates of movement. In this study, supervised classification and post-classification change detection techniques were applied to Landsat images acquired in 1984, 1990, 2005, and 2014, respectively, to detect changes in land cover and extract shoreline, hence identifying erosion and accretion areas around Rosetta promontory. This method provides a viable means for examining long-term shoreline changes. Four categories, including seawater, developed (agriculture and urban), sabkha (salt-flat), and undeveloped areas, were selected to evaluate their temporal changes by comparing the four selected images. The shoreline was mapped by applying two different techniques: (1) a histogram threshold of Band 5 and (2) a combination of histogram threshold of Band 5 and two band ratios (Band 2/Band 4 and Band 2/Band 5). It was found that the developed area increased by 8.8% although the land in the study area has been contracted by 1.6% due to coastal erosion. The shoreline retreat rate has decreased more than 70% from 1984 to 2014. Nevertheless, it still suffers from significant erosion with a maximum rate of 37 m/year.
Ali Masria; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. Assessment of Nile Delta Coastal Zone Using Remote Sensing. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2016, 379 -395.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Abdelazim Negm, Moheb Iskander. Assessment of Nile Delta Coastal Zone Using Remote Sensing. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2016; ():379-395.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. 2016. "Assessment of Nile Delta Coastal Zone Using Remote Sensing." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 379-395.
The rapid erosion in most coastlines is considered a major problem not only in Egypt, but also around the world. The main causes are due to anthropogenic activities and/or coastal hydrodynamics. The coastal zone suffers from sedimentation, accretion, and pollution problems as well as the side effect of climate change. The climate change will increase sea level rise, salt water intrusions, and storm surge. Major efforts has been exerted to manage coastal erosion problems and to restore coastal capacity in order to protect housing, infrastructure and the cultivated land. These problems were encountered with various types of hard structures, but most of these methods response were limited due to lack in evaluation of the entire ecological situation. This encouraged the coastal engineers to think about new types of environmental friendly structures work better with ecological situation. In this study, the protection measures worldwide is reviewed and divided mainly into four groups, hard, soft, combined, innovative measures. The usage and side effect of each type is mentioned briefly. It is clear that there is a predominant approach towards the soft engineering, the eco-engineering techniques, or combination between them in order to enhance the ecological situation. Recently, there are several efforts to apply these new technologies to protect the coastal zone as well as the environment by taking into consideration the effect of climate change. These new approaches in coastal protection are multi used, environmentally friendly, easy to modify and maintain, and efficient from an economic perspective. Previous efforts in solving coastal problems in Egypt are analyzed and discussed taking into consideration the experience of similar cases worldwide. It is clear that the environmental friendly coastal structure is more suitable to solve most of our coastal problems with saving our ecosystem and reduce the protection cost.
Ali Masria; Moheb Iskander; Abdelazim Negm. Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt). Journal of Coastal Conservation 2015, 19, 281 -294.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Moheb Iskander, Abdelazim Negm. Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt). Journal of Coastal Conservation. 2015; 19 (3):281-294.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Moheb Iskander; Abdelazim Negm. 2015. "Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt)." Journal of Coastal Conservation 19, no. 3: 281-294.
Rosetta Promontory, Egypt has been suffering from a continuous erosion problem. The dramatic retreatment was observed during the last century. It is basically due to the construction of Aswan High Dam in 1964, which reduced the flow and sediment discharges. In this paper, four Landsat images (two Thematic Mapper and two Enhanced Thematic Mapper) covering the period from 1984 to 2014 were used. These Landsat images were radio-metrically and geometrically corrected, and then, multi-temporal post-classification analysis was performed to detect land cover changes, extracting shoreline positions to estimate shoreline change rates of the Nile delta coast around Rosetta Promontory. This method provides a viable means for examining long-term shoreline changes. Four categories, including seawater, developed (agriculture and urban), sabkhas (salt-flat), and undeveloped areas, were selected to evaluate their temporal changes by comparing the four selected images. Supervised classification technique was used with support vector machine algorithm to detect temporal changes. The overall accuracy assessment of this method ranged from 97% to 100%. In addition, the shoreline was extracted by applying two different techniques. The first method is based on a histogram threshold of Band 5, and the other uses the combination of histogram threshold of Band 5 and two band ratios (Band 2/Band 4 and Band 2/Band 5). For land cover change detection from 1984 to 2014, it was found that the developed area that increased by 9% although the land in the study area has been contracted by 1.6% due to coastal erosion. The shoreline retreat rate has decreased more than 70% from 1984 to 2014. Nevertheless, it still suffers from significant erosion with a maximum rate of 37 m/year. In comparison to ground survey and different remote sensing techniques, the established trend of shoreline change extracted using histogram threshold was found to be closely consistent with these studies rather than combining band ratio with histogram threshold.
Ali Masria; Kazuo Nadaoka; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. Detection of Shoreline and Land Cover Changes around Rosetta Promontory, Egypt, Based on Remote Sensing Analysis. Land 2015, 4, 216 -230.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Kazuo Nadaoka, Abdelazim Negm, Moheb Iskander. Detection of Shoreline and Land Cover Changes around Rosetta Promontory, Egypt, Based on Remote Sensing Analysis. Land. 2015; 4 (1):216-230.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Kazuo Nadaoka; Abdelazim Negm; Moheb Iskander. 2015. "Detection of Shoreline and Land Cover Changes around Rosetta Promontory, Egypt, Based on Remote Sensing Analysis." Land 4, no. 1: 216-230.
This paper is an extension of the different tested alternatives of coastal protection measures aims to reach a stability condition around Rosetta promontory, Egypt. Rosetta inlet suffers from coastal problems represented in shoreline erosion, and siltation inside the inlet. Rosetta Promontory was created by sediment transported along the Nile River and delivered to the coast by the Rosetta branch. Following a long period of accretion, the promontory began to erode in the mid-1900’s, particularly, after building the Aswan high Dam in 1964 that detained the sediments and the water behind resulting in such problems. This study investigates different alternatives of hard and soft measures attempting to find an optimal solution for these problems (erosion, and accretion) to enhance the stability of the promontory. The simulation of the study area was carried out using a 2D dimensional model (Coastal modeling system). This model was calibrated and validated using different data collected from: Coastal Research Institute (CoRI), Coastal protection authority, Hydraulic Research Institute (HRI), and Nile Research Institute (NRI). The different scenarios have been simulated, and compared based on the morphological changes, wave characteristics, construction cost, and environmental effect.
Khaled Abdelaziz Ali Masria; Khaled Abdelaziz; Abdelazim Negm.. Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet. Biosafety 2015, 3, 1 .
AMA StyleKhaled Abdelaziz Ali Masria, Khaled Abdelaziz, Abdelazim Negm.. Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet. Biosafety. 2015; 3 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhaled Abdelaziz Ali Masria; Khaled Abdelaziz; Abdelazim Negm.. 2015. "Testing A Combination Of Hard And Soft Measures To Enhance The Stability Of Rosetta Outlet." Biosafety 3, no. 1: 1.
Ali Masria; Moheb Iskander; Abdelazim Negm; Oliver Saavedra. The effect of potential discharges on the stability of the Rosetta promontory, Egypt. River Flow 2014 2014, 1345 -1353.
AMA StyleAli Masria, Moheb Iskander, Abdelazim Negm, Oliver Saavedra. The effect of potential discharges on the stability of the Rosetta promontory, Egypt. River Flow 2014. 2014; ():1345-1353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Masria; Moheb Iskander; Abdelazim Negm; Oliver Saavedra. 2014. "The effect of potential discharges on the stability of the Rosetta promontory, Egypt." River Flow 2014 , no. : 1345-1353.