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In this research, four electricity generation projects from biogas are analyzed. The present value of public aid granted by the German Administration in the four projects is calculated by applying real options theory. It is determined that the public aids are greater for the plants of 500 kW of installed capacity, resulting in values of 33.418 euros per megawatt-hour in biogas plants from landfills and 22.334 euros per megawatt-hour in biogas plants from the treatment of sewage. The public aid for the two 5 MW biogas plants from landfills and biogas from wastewater treatment turned out to be equal with a value of 17.222 euros per megawatt-hour. This study has relied on a new methodology to calculate the value of government incentives for electricity generation projects from biogas in Germany, applying real options. It shows the higher cost for the German Administration of biogas plants with lower installed capacity (500 kW), compared to biogas plants with higher installed capacity (5 MW), as a result of granted governmental incentives for electricity generation.
José Balibrea-Iniesta; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy María Núñez-Guerrero. Economic analysis of the German regulation for electrical generation projects from biogas applying the theory of real options. Energy 2021, 231, 120976 .
AMA StyleJosé Balibrea-Iniesta, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy, Yilsy María Núñez-Guerrero. Economic analysis of the German regulation for electrical generation projects from biogas applying the theory of real options. Energy. 2021; 231 ():120976.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Balibrea-Iniesta; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy María Núñez-Guerrero. 2021. "Economic analysis of the German regulation for electrical generation projects from biogas applying the theory of real options." Energy 231, no. : 120976.
This paper uses the numerical results of surveys sent to Huelva’s (Andalusia, Spain) households to determine the degree of knowledge they have about the urban water cycle, needs, values, and attitudes regarding water in an intermediary city with low water stress. In previous research, we achieved three different households’ clusters. The first one grouped households with high knowledge of the integral water cycle and a positive attitude to smart devices at home. The second cluster described households with low knowledge of the integral water cycle and high sensitivity to price. The third one showed average knowledge and predisposition to have a closer relationship with the water company. This paper continues with this research line, applying Classification and Regression Trees (CART) to determine which hierarchy of variables/factors/independent components obtained from the surveys are the decisive ones to predict the range of household water consumption in Huelva. Positive attitudes towards improved cleaning habits for personal or household purposes are the highest hierarchy component to predict the water consumption range. Second in the hierarchy, the variable Knowledge Global Score about the integral urban water cycle, associated with water literacy, also contributes to predicting the water consumption range. Together with the three clusters obtained previously, these results will allow us to design water demand management strategies (WDM) fit for purpose that enable Huelva’s households to use water more efficiently.
Gustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. Water Consumption Range Prediction in Huelva’s Households Using Classification and Regression Trees. Water 2021, 13, 506 .
AMA StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy, Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. Water Consumption Range Prediction in Huelva’s Households Using Classification and Regression Trees. Water. 2021; 13 (4):506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. 2021. "Water Consumption Range Prediction in Huelva’s Households Using Classification and Regression Trees." Water 13, no. 4: 506.
The course of events since 2014, including the worldwide pandemic of a coronavirus disease, have shown that oil market fundamentals have not always been clearly anticipated and that additional external factors, rather than those related to supply and demand, do play important roles in signaling future price changes. Within that complex setting, this study examined the influences of structural breaks on the long-term properties of Brent crude oil, gasoil, low-sulfur fuel oil, natural gas, and coal over the period 2002–2018. In an effort to assess the impacts of these structural changes, we identified time points at which structural break changes occurred and unit root properties using a representative variety of unit root testing alternatives. From the estimation results, we observed that only fuel oil and national balancing point (NBP) prices show evidence of mean-reverting behavior, suggesting that shocks to these two markets are short-lived when allowing for structural breaks. Although the idea of market forces bringing the non-renewable markets to their equilibrium in the long run makes the role of policy-making more challenging, it highlights the importance of the policy mix in the transition to a low-carbon energy system.
Pablo Cansado-Bravo; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. The Effects of Structural Breaks on Energy Resources in the Long Run. Evidence from the Last Two Oil Price Crashes before COVID-19. Designs 2020, 4, 49 .
AMA StylePablo Cansado-Bravo, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. The Effects of Structural Breaks on Energy Resources in the Long Run. Evidence from the Last Two Oil Price Crashes before COVID-19. Designs. 2020; 4 (4):49.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Cansado-Bravo; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2020. "The Effects of Structural Breaks on Energy Resources in the Long Run. Evidence from the Last Two Oil Price Crashes before COVID-19." Designs 4, no. 4: 49.
This article shows the numerical results and the analysis of households’ degree of knowledge about the urban water cycle, needs, and values regarding water in an intermediary city with low water stress, such as Huelva (Andalusia, Spain). Results are also presented regarding how households maintain the acceptance of reclaimed water and new technologies to achieve more efficient and sustainable consumption. Surveys were sent to households, and different statistical analysis techniques were applied. The use of clustering as a mathematical tool has served to obtain three clusters of households with similar characteristics with respect to the previous factors. The first cluster corresponded to households with high knowledge of the integral water cycle and positive attitude to smart devices at home. The second cluster showed low knowledge of the integral water cycle and high sensitivity to price. The third one had average knowledge and predisposition to have a closer relationship with the water company. This classification allows implementing different water demand management strategies tailored to each cluster. Applying a Design Thinking methodology, a web-based prototype has been designed as an ICT tool concerning households. The goal is to achieve greater engagement of households concerning water and align citizens with their city’s sustainability.
Gustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9163 .
AMA StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy, Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy Núñez-Guerrero. 2020. "Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9163.
The number of listed companies offering alternatives to cash dividends is increasing in Europe. Companies can reduce the cash outflows by giving shareholders the option to receive either shares or cash. Some investors favor scrip dividends due to the implicit-free call option attached to the scrip distributions, and recent studies confirm that the market does not react negatively, helping to reduce the agency problem. Additionally, companies can avoid dilution by repurchasing the shares offered in the scrip. Repurchase strategies using volatility and derivatives can guarantee a lower repurchase price, improving the capital ratios of the company and increasing BVPS.
Angel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Scrip Dividends and Share Buyback Strategies Based on Volatility. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering 2020, 29 -35.
AMA StyleAngel Huerga, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Scrip Dividends and Share Buyback Strategies Based on Volatility. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. 2020; ():29-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2020. "Scrip Dividends and Share Buyback Strategies Based on Volatility." Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering , no. : 29-35.
This article shows the numerical results and the analysis of households' degree of knowledge in an intermediary city such as Huelva (Andalusia, Spain) about the sustainable use of urban water. It analyzes the needs and values regarding water and the attitudes that households maintain regarding the acceptance of reclaimed water and the use of new technologies to achieve more efficient and sustainable consumption. These results are part of the stages of needfinding and synthesis of Design Thinking methodology, adopted as a framework to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban water among households in this city. Different statistical analysis techniques of surveys sent to households and the use of clustering are the mathematical tools used to draw conclusions and recommendations that allow the design of a web-based prototype grounded on Product Service Systems methodology, as a tool to improve the engagement of households concerning water and align citizens with the sustainability of their city. Strategies of customization and technological facilitators will be the means to improve the hydrosocial contract among households in Huelva in future later stages of the project.
Gustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy M. Núñez-Guerrero. Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy, Yilsy M. Núñez-Guerrero. Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Yilsy M. Núñez-Guerrero. 2020. "Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering." , no. : 1.
To advance to water sensitive cities (WSC) it will be necessary to achieve the commitment of the citizens, involving them in this transition. Citizen participation is considered essential, and one of the possible approaches to achieve this is through Design Thinking (DT), a human-centered methodology that allows creating a framework to develop the hydrosocial contract. The Suez group proposed the challenge of collecting initiatives to achieve more efficient use of urban water in homes, by conducting a pilot in one of its investee companies, Aguas de Huelva. Our research proposal, selected by the Suez group, to achieve greater engagement of households regarding efficient water use, was to develop a web-based prototype applying DT methodologies, which would allow us to generate new messages and meanings regarding water, producing an innovation of meaning that would enable tracking the progress of the results. This article describes the approved framework to carry out the pilot experience in the homes of the city of Huelva in Andalusia, Spain.
Gustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Design Thinking Methodology to Achieve Household Engagement in Urban Water Sustainability in the City of Huelva (Andalusia). Water 2020, 12, 1943 .
AMA StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Design Thinking Methodology to Achieve Household Engagement in Urban Water Sustainability in the City of Huelva (Andalusia). Water. 2020; 12 (7):1943.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2020. "Design Thinking Methodology to Achieve Household Engagement in Urban Water Sustainability in the City of Huelva (Andalusia)." Water 12, no. 7: 1943.
Purpose This study aims at shedding light on entrepreneurial aspirations on both developed and developing economies, in terms of contextual and individual values. Among the former, economic development and inequalities are sought after, while among the latter national culture is the variable under study. Design/methodology/approach The data used are extracted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for a panel of countries, where the entrepreneurial aspirations of individuals of each country are measured through the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). The influence of cultural values as defined by Hofstede (individualism-collectivism (IDV), masculinity–femininity (MAS) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI)), moderated by the development level of the country and the existing inequalities are analyzed through artificial neural network (ANN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) techniques. Findings Results show that in the post-crisis era, entrepreneurial aspirations are negatively linked to individualism in developing countries. In developed countries, however, entrepreneurship is not linked to individualism but to inequalities. Originality/value Entrepreneurial aspirations have not been thoroughly studied in the post-crisis era. We prove that entrepreneurial orientations have changed, together with the world, in the last decade. Cultural differences between countries tend to moderate, especially among developed ones, which speak of homogenization of national cultures. In this regard, inequalities are the determining factor. Contrarily, in developing countries, the differences in individualism are noticeable when it comes to analyzing entrepreneurial aspirations.
Gustavo Morales-Alonso; Yilsy Núñez Guerrero; Juan Francisco Aguilera; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Entrepreneurial aspirations: economic development, inequalities and cultural values. European Journal of Innovation Management 2020, 24, 553 -571.
AMA StyleGustavo Morales-Alonso, Yilsy Núñez Guerrero, Juan Francisco Aguilera, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Entrepreneurial aspirations: economic development, inequalities and cultural values. European Journal of Innovation Management. 2020; 24 (2):553-571.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Morales-Alonso; Yilsy Núñez Guerrero; Juan Francisco Aguilera; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2020. "Entrepreneurial aspirations: economic development, inequalities and cultural values." European Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 2: 553-571.
After reviewing the energy policies in the Canary Islands, this study addresses the concept of energy poverty from a different perspective than that usually found in the academic literature. This analysis advances knowledge of the role played by the following six pillars: sustainability, renewable energies, energy efficiency, self-consumption regimes, electrification of energy demand and electrical interconnections, regarding energy poverty in these isolated environments. The relationship of these pillars with energy poverty is analysed in terms of energy scenarios projected for 2030. The results show that the interrelations between these six elements are a good indicator of the evolution of energy poverty. They also provide a roadmap for energy policy in these regions. This research highlights the importance of promoting energy policies that are not based on short-term results, and that energy strategy does not necessarily require planning more tasks in a shorter time. Intending to asses policies suitable for implementation in the medium and long term, this study proposes alternative definitions to measure energy poverty, by identifying the key pillars in energy planning for the Canary Islands.
Manuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Energy planning and its relationship to energy poverty in decision making. A first approach for the Canary Islands. Energy Policy 2020, 140, 111423 .
AMA StyleManuel Uche-Soria, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Energy planning and its relationship to energy poverty in decision making. A first approach for the Canary Islands. Energy Policy. 2020; 140 ():111423.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2020. "Energy planning and its relationship to energy poverty in decision making. A first approach for the Canary Islands." Energy Policy 140, no. : 111423.
There is currently a phenomenon of global urbanization, where in Europe intermediary cities play a major role by concentrating more than 40% of the European urban population. These types of cities have specific challenges regarding their sustainability and are key to meeting the objectives set out in the UN 2030 Agenda (United Nations, UN), due to their local character and proximity to the citizen. The intermediary cities of Andalusia in Spain, its urban sustainable development and its relationship with water are the object of analysis in this article. They are analyzed through the winning plans in the first call of the Spanish “Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategy ” (ISUDS). In this process, the citizens are the main actors through their participation in the elaboration of the ISUDS, in which they express the scope of the “hydrosocial contract ” of citizenship. The research presented in this article analyzes the latter through a methodological framework applied to the ISUDS, which shows the unequal interest of Andalusian intermediary cities when integrating water into their sustainable development. The article ends with a series of recommendations that make it possible to bring these cities closer to the “water sensitive cities ” stage.
Gustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Sustainability and Water Sensitive Cities: Analysis for Intermediary Cities in Andalusia. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4677 .
AMA StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Sustainability and Water Sensitive Cities: Analysis for Intermediary Cities in Andalusia. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4677.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Bermejo-Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "Sustainability and Water Sensitive Cities: Analysis for Intermediary Cities in Andalusia." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4677.
A large proportion of the academic literature about the agency problem focuses on corporate governance or the instruments that can be used to balance the incentives of shareholders and debt holders. Following the real options company valuation framework, one method to increase shareholder value involves increasing the intrinsic risk of the firm; however, such a practice reduces the bondholder value. We analyzed an innovative balance sheet instrument, the mandatory convertible bond, as a means to increase financial sustainability of companies, improving the value for shareholders without increasing the perceived default risk. The results of the empirical analysis illustrate that for companies in a weak credit position, the agency problem can be mitigated by the issuance of mandatory convertible bonds, which allows managers to increase company risk without being detrimental for bondholders. However, when the probability of distress is small, shareholders have less incentive to increase company risk than in a company funded by mandatory convertible bonds, being more aligned with bondholders. A better alignment of debt holders and shareholders incentives reduces inefficiencies, mitigates the probably of distress, and improves the long-term financial sustainability of companies and can promote stable growth and innovation.
Angel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Bonds and the Agency Problem. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4074 .
AMA StyleAngel Huerga, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Bonds and the Agency Problem. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4074.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "Mandatory Convertible Bonds and the Agency Problem." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4074.
Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a controversial aspect of isolated environments, not only because the production of waste grows exponentially, but also because in these isolated regions the difficulties are accentuated in comparison with the mainland territories. The limitation of space, the technology of scale and the peaks of generation due to existing tourism, are clear examples of the barriers that must be overcome. This research studies the potential of MSW recovery on the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands) as an alternative to landfill deposition, being an additional energy source for heat and electricity. Likewise, the possibility of carrying out the landfill mining located in the El Revolcadero environmental complex is explored. The methodology followed consists, first of all, on estimating the annual amount of MSW and waste deposited in the landfill. Second, the characterization of representative samples of each municipality is carried out. Third, according to these characteristics, the thermal treatment is chosen and, finally, the energy generated is evaluated. The results are encouraging, and many advantages are derived from this model. The annual recycling figure increases by about 5000 tons per year, the percentage of renewable energy from waste reaches 35.5% (most installed capacity is diesel), and greenhouse gases (GHG) are reduced by more than half. To overcome the challenges in the integral management of MSW, it is necessary to move from a linear economy to a circular economy that takes into account the priorities established by the European Union to solve the problem of these isolated environments in terms of energy.
Manuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. An Efficient Waste-To-Energy Model in Isolated Environments. Case Study: La Gomera (Canary Islands). Sustainability 2019, 11, 3198 .
AMA StyleManuel Uche-Soria, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. An Efficient Waste-To-Energy Model in Isolated Environments. Case Study: La Gomera (Canary Islands). Sustainability. 2019; 11 (11):3198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "An Efficient Waste-To-Energy Model in Isolated Environments. Case Study: La Gomera (Canary Islands)." Sustainability 11, no. 11: 3198.
The study of waste generated in ports is a vitally important issue to reduce marine pollution and improve port management systems. In this article, the authors study the management of solid waste generated in the ports of the Canary Islands. For this purpose, a waste management model based on the circular economy is developed. With this model, it is possible to reduce pollution in the port areas of the capital's islands, increase the fraction of recycled waste and obtain additional energy for the ports. The interest of this study lies in the singularities of these islands with respect to the geographic limitations that make them weak energy environments. The proposed solution to solve the current problems and achieve a zone of zero waste (throughout the port of Santa Cruz and its industrial estate) has two main phases: the first, in which solid waste is processed and a part is recycled, and the second, which consists of recovering the energy of the converted fuels. The advantages of the application of this model are that CO2 emissions are reduced, energy savings are realized, waste management is improved in these environments (the recycling fraction is increased considerably), and new jobs are created. This model also contributes to the development of the Special Territorial Plan for Waste Management of the Canary Islands, in accordance with the policies of the European Union required for the coming years.
Manuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Solutions to Marine Pollution in Canary Islands’ ports: Alternatives and Optimization of Energy Management. Resources 2019, 8, 59 .
AMA StyleManuel Uche-Soria, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Solutions to Marine Pollution in Canary Islands’ ports: Alternatives and Optimization of Energy Management. Resources. 2019; 8 (2):59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Uche-Soria; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "Solutions to Marine Pollution in Canary Islands’ ports: Alternatives and Optimization of Energy Management." Resources 8, no. 2: 59.
Modern society is aware of the importance of energy, as a fundamental resource for evolution, quality of life and sustainability. It thus dedicates important efforts to take advantage of existing energy sources. Countries have different and unique energy performances depending on the combination of resources, policies, and structures created to exploit them. Some are successful in their attempt to optimize their energy resources while others are not. This is the case of Venezuela, which faces a contradictory energy performance. Despite its substantial available renewable and non-renewable energy resources, it presents a severe energy crisis. This crisis manifests itself in frequent and extended energy blackouts and electricity services alterations, which affect all society. With the aim to propose some solutions, the authors make an attempt to identify the origin of the Venezuelan energy crisis, unexplainable in a country which two decades ago was an indisputable world energy leader. The authors evaluate the relationship among energy and sustainability, the renewable potential existing in Venezuela, as well as some new data and key insights regarding its energy framework. Special reference is made to infrastructure energy projects in Venezuela. The discussion leads to the identification of the structural problems that cause such a crisis and include some recommendations. The authors propose a thorough study of this case in order to consider it as an international reference and to avoid the repetition of similar cases in the future. Finally, an entirely new orientation of the Venezuelan energy framework and the strategies that include the revision of the current energy policies and the management of this sector are proposed. Such proposals are presented to help Venezuela in its transition to a new energy stage in which renewable energy, knowledge and sustainable criteria become the fundamental resources to address the country on its path to sustainability.
Licia Pietrosemoli; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. The Venezuelan energy crisis: Renewable energies in the transition towards sustainability. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2019, 105, 415 -426.
AMA StyleLicia Pietrosemoli, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. The Venezuelan energy crisis: Renewable energies in the transition towards sustainability. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 105 ():415-426.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLicia Pietrosemoli; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "The Venezuelan energy crisis: Renewable energies in the transition towards sustainability." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 105, no. : 415-426.
Debt securities are often an efficient and inexpensive resource to finance the balance sheet of companies; however, one of the causes of the global financial crisis was the excessive leverage taken by companies. Hybrid capital instruments share characteristics of equity and debt, and allow companies to finance its balance sheet in a more sustainable way by reducing leverage, but tend to increase its overall cost of capital. Mandatory convertible notes (MCNs) are hybrid financing instruments that are very close to equity; rating agencies assign them a high equity component and are commonly treated as equity by accounting standards. Despite the high nominal coupon that MCNs seem to pay in some cases, a deeper analysis shows that the cost of issuing MCNs can be similar and even lower than the cost of issuing senior debt. This research performs an empirical study of the implicit cost of the MCNs issued between 2010 and 2018. The study shows the relationship between the implicit yield of MCNs, the senior debt yield, and the convertible arbitrage investors. MCNs can be a sustainable capital alternative that offers a reasonable cost not only for high-yield companies but also for well-established investment grade issuers. The access to efficient and not very expensive capital to finance the balance sheet of companies can promote sustainable growth, industrialization, and innovation.
Angel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Notes as a Sustainable Corporate Finance Instrument. Sustainability 2019, 11, 897 .
AMA StyleAngel Huerga, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Notes as a Sustainable Corporate Finance Instrument. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):897.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2019. "Mandatory Convertible Notes as a Sustainable Corporate Finance Instrument." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 897.
Anne Morris; Moisés Enrique Martínez Soto; Eveligh Prado Carpio; Carlos Rodriguez Monroy; José Villa. Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales aplicado a la gestión del conocimiento en la cadena productiva de la agroindustria del maiz (Zea mays L.). Proceedings of the 17th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities and Communities” 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleAnne Morris, Moisés Enrique Martínez Soto, Eveligh Prado Carpio, Carlos Rodriguez Monroy, José Villa. Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales aplicado a la gestión del conocimiento en la cadena productiva de la agroindustria del maiz (Zea mays L.). Proceedings of the 17th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities and Communities”. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnne Morris; Moisés Enrique Martínez Soto; Eveligh Prado Carpio; Carlos Rodriguez Monroy; José Villa. 2019. "Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales aplicado a la gestión del conocimiento en la cadena productiva de la agroindustria del maiz (Zea mays L.)." Proceedings of the 17th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities and Communities” , no. : 1.
Regardless of the rapid development of national gas centers around the world, oil price indexation remains the prevailing pricing process in Continental Europe and the Far East. The instance of Spain is a genuine case where gas supply conditions may, to some extent, clarify the slower pace of execution of a traded gas hub in the nation. This article seeks to explain the persistence of oil-indexed pricing mechanisms, a price model that differs oddly from that of other major commodities, the price of which is normally discovered on the market. In order to do that, we examine time-varying volatility to find that since 2013 until 2016, just about 33% of gradual volatility clustering rooted within oil Brent prices is reflected in Spanish gas prices. In this sense, our research provides quantitative tools to better understand that market-based approaches such as spot and medium-term supply alternatives seem to be a key driver for success in transforming gas markets. Regular updates on the size of the effects observed should facilitate an exact appraisal of the level of progression of national gas liberalization processes and enhance gas markets transparency, these issues of extraordinary importance for both policymakers and gas market agents.
Pablo Cansado-Bravo; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Persistence of Oil Prices in Gas Import Prices and the Resilience of the Oil-Indexation Mechanism. The Case of Spanish Gas Import Prices. Energies 2018, 11, 3486 .
AMA StylePablo Cansado-Bravo, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Persistence of Oil Prices in Gas Import Prices and the Resilience of the Oil-Indexation Mechanism. The Case of Spanish Gas Import Prices. Energies. 2018; 11 (12):3486.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Cansado-Bravo; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2018. "Persistence of Oil Prices in Gas Import Prices and the Resilience of the Oil-Indexation Mechanism. The Case of Spanish Gas Import Prices." Energies 11, no. 12: 3486.
With the analysis by researchers and institutions regarding experiences in designing public R&D&I policies, to strengthen the capacity of innovation in the industrial sector, international cooperation was possible to understand the difficulties and recommendations for linking and integrating SMIs with the other members of the Innovation System. With this information, four levels of implementation of public policy models in R&D&I are presented. Among the proposed alternatives level 4 is the one recommended since it presents the best model of integration, coordination and governmental evaluation in the design of public R&D&I policies.
Alexander Piñero; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Miguel Ángel Peláez García. Levels of Application of Public R&D&I Policy Models. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering 2018, 87 -94.
AMA StyleAlexander Piñero, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy, Miguel Ángel Peláez García. Levels of Application of Public R&D&I Policy Models. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. 2018; ():87-94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexander Piñero; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy; Miguel Ángel Peláez García. 2018. "Levels of Application of Public R&D&I Policy Models." Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering , no. : 87-94.
Mandatory Convertibles Notes (MCNs) mean only a small fraction of all the securities issued by corporate or financial institutions, however, they represent nearly a 30% in volume of the convertible securities issued every year. MCNs share characteristics of equity and debt securities but rating agencies assign them a high equity component and are commonly treated as equity by accounting standards. Despite the high facial coupon that MCNs seem to pay, a deeper analysis shows that the cost of MCN can be lower than the cost of issuing hybrid or subordinated debt and in some cases similar to the cost of issuing senior debt. Mandatory convertibles were profusely issued by financial institutions amid the global crisis as a means to increase capital and could be considered as a predecessor of some types of AT1 and Contingent Convertible. The academic literature about Mandatory Convertibles is scarce and we consider necessary to shed some light on a type of security that can be very useful for the real economy.
Angel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Bonds as an Efficient Method of Issuing Capital. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering 2018, 59 -66.
AMA StyleAngel Huerga, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Mandatory Convertible Bonds as an Efficient Method of Issuing Capital. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. 2018; ():59-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngel Huerga; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2018. "Mandatory Convertible Bonds as an Efficient Method of Issuing Capital." Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering , no. : 59-66.
When we think or make decisions, we must not forget that there are several internal “pitfalls” that cause our brain to make decisions incorrectly. Many authors have written on various pitfalls that may affect us. In this paper, five of them are identified and they are: The use of patterns when thinking, the relativity of things, the anchor effect, loss aversion, value attribution and diagnosis bias.
José Luis Portela; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Limitations and Pitfalls of the Brain That Prevent Us from Thinking. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering 2018, 95 -101.
AMA StyleJosé Luis Portela, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. Limitations and Pitfalls of the Brain That Prevent Us from Thinking. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. 2018; ():95-101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Luis Portela; Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. 2018. "Limitations and Pitfalls of the Brain That Prevent Us from Thinking." Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering , no. : 95-101.