This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Dr. Khaled S. Allemailem
Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Bacteriology
0 Microbiology
0 biofilm
0 Antibiotic
0 nanoparticals

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2021 in Journal of Personalized Medicine
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a major health problem, which poses a burden for health care systems worldwide. It has been estimated that 10% of the population worldwide have CKD; however, most of the cases are undiagnosed. If left untreated, CKD could lead to kidney failure, which highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Pyuria has been reported in CKD patients, and could be the result of several comorbidities, such as diabetes, or urinary tract infections (UTIs). A few studies have shown that pyuria is associated with the late stages of CKD. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of non-UTI (sterile) and UTI–pyuria in different CKD patient populations, and its association with the decline in kidney function and progression of CKD. In this retrospective study, we report the prevalence of pyuria (sterile and UTI) in 754 CKD patients of King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Our data showed that 164/754 CKD patients (21.8%) had pyuria, whereas 590 patients (78.2%) presented with no pyuria. There was a significantly higher percentage of late-stage (stage 4) CKD patients in the pyuric group compared to the non-pyuric group (36.6% vs. 11.9%). In line with the previous data, proteinuria was detected in a significantly higher percentage of pyuric patients, in addition to significantly higher levels of serum creatinine and urea, compared to non-pyuric patients. Furthermore, 13.4% of the pyuric CKD patients had UTI, whereas 86.6% presented with sterile pyuria. E. coli was indicated as the causative agent in 45.5% of UTI patients. Our patient data analysis showed that a significantly higher percentage of UTI–pyuric CKD patients, than sterile pyuric patients (63.6% vs. 19.7%), had higher numbers of urinary white blood cells (>50/HPF, WBCs). The data also showed that a higher percentage of UTI–pyuric patients were late-stage CKD patients, compared to sterile pyuric patients (50% vs. 34.5%). Our findings indicate that a high level of pyuria could be considered as a marker for late-stage CKD, and that UTI is an important risk factor for the decline in kidney function and the progression to late-stage CKD. We believe that further studies are needed to correlate pyuria to kidney function, which could be helpful in monitoring the progression of CKD. Moreover, the management of comorbidities, such as diabetes and UTIs, which are risk factors for CKD and associated pyuria, could help to control the progression of CKD to the late stages.

ACS Style

Lina Almaiman; Khaled S. Allemailem; Asmaa M. El-Kady; Mishaal Alrasheed; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad S. Alekezem; Abdelrahman Elrasheedy; Wafa Abdullah Al-Megrin; Hussah M. Alobaid; Hatem A. Elshabrawy. Prevalence and Significance of Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2021, 11, 831 .

AMA Style

Lina Almaiman, Khaled S. Allemailem, Asmaa M. El-Kady, Mishaal Alrasheed, Ahmad Almatroudi, Fahad S. Alekezem, Abdelrahman Elrasheedy, Wafa Abdullah Al-Megrin, Hussah M. Alobaid, Hatem A. Elshabrawy. Prevalence and Significance of Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11 (9):831.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lina Almaiman; Khaled S. Allemailem; Asmaa M. El-Kady; Mishaal Alrasheed; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad S. Alekezem; Abdelrahman Elrasheedy; Wafa Abdullah Al-Megrin; Hussah M. Alobaid; Hatem A. Elshabrawy. 2021. "Prevalence and Significance of Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 9: 831.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2021 in Antibiotics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) catalyze the final stages for peptidoglycan cell-wall bio-synthesis. Mutations in the PBP2a subunit can attenuate β-lactam antibiotic activity, resulting in unimpeded cell-wall formation and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A double mutation in PBP2a (i.e., N146K and E150K) is resistant to β-lactam inhibitors; however, (E)-3-(2-(4-cyanostyryl)-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl) benzoic acid (QNZ), a heterocyclic antibiotic devoid of a β-lactam ring, interacts non-covalently with PBP2a allosteric site and inhibits PBP enzymatic activity. In the search for novel inhibitors that target this PBP2a allosteric site in acidic medium, an in silico screening was performed. Chemical databases including eMolecules, ChEMBL, and ChEBI were virtually screened for candidate inhibitors with a physicochemical similarity to QNZ. PBP2a binding affinities from the screening were calculated based on molecular docking with co-crystallized ligand QNZ serving as a reference. Molecular minimization calculations were performed for inhibitors with docking scores lower than QNZ (calc. −8.3 kcal/mol) followed by combined MD simulations and MM-GBSA binding energy calculations. Compounds eMol26313223 and eMol26314565 exhibited promising inhibitor activities based on binding affinities (ΔGbinding) that were twice that of QNZ (−38.5, −34.5, and −15.4 kcal/mol, respectively). Structural and energetic analyses over a 50 ns MD simulation revealed high stability for the inhibitors when complexed with the double mutated PBP2a. The pharmacokinetic properties of the two inhibitors were predicted using an in silico ADMET analysis. Calculated binding affinities hold promise for eMol26313223 and eMol26314565 as allosteric inhibitors of PBP2a in acidic medium and establish that further in vitro and in vivo inhibition experimentation is warranted.

ACS Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Khlood Abdeljawaad; Alaa Abdelrahman; Othman Alzahrani; Fahad Alshabrmi; Esraa Khalaf; Mahmoud Moustafa; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Mahmoud Soliman; Paul Paré; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy; Mohamed Atia. Non-β-Lactam Allosteric Inhibitors Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An In Silico Drug Discovery Study. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 934 .

AMA Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim, Khlood Abdeljawaad, Alaa Abdelrahman, Othman Alzahrani, Fahad Alshabrmi, Esraa Khalaf, Mahmoud Moustafa, Faris Alrumaihi, Khaled Allemailem, Mahmoud Soliman, Paul Paré, Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy, Mohamed Atia. Non-β-Lactam Allosteric Inhibitors Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An In Silico Drug Discovery Study. Antibiotics. 2021; 10 (8):934.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Khlood Abdeljawaad; Alaa Abdelrahman; Othman Alzahrani; Fahad Alshabrmi; Esraa Khalaf; Mahmoud Moustafa; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Mahmoud Soliman; Paul Paré; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy; Mohamed Atia. 2021. "Non-β-Lactam Allosteric Inhibitors Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An In Silico Drug Discovery Study." Antibiotics 10, no. 8: 934.

Journal article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Marine Drugs
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The coronavirus pandemic has affected more than 150 million people, while over 3.25 million people have died from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As there are no established therapies for COVID-19 treatment, drugs that inhibit viral replication are a promising target; specifically, the main protease (Mpro) that process CoV-encoded polyproteins serves as an Achilles heel for assembly of replication-transcription machinery as well as down-stream viral replication. In the search for potential antiviral drugs that target Mpro, a series of cembranoid diterpenes from the biologically active soft-coral genus Sarcophyton have been examined as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. Over 360 metabolites from the genus were screened using molecular docking calculations. Promising diterpenes were further characterized by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) binding energy calculations. According to in silico calculations, five cembranoid diterpenes manifested adequate binding affinities as Mpro inhibitors with ΔGbinding< −33.0 kcal/mol. Binding energy and structural analyses of the most potent Sarcophyton inhibitor, bislatumlide A (340), was compared to darunavir, an HIV protease inhibitor that has been recently subjected to clinical-trial as an anti-COVID-19 drug. In silico analysis indicates that 340 has a higher binding affinity against Mpro than darunavir with ΔGbinding values of −43.8 and −34.8 kcal/mol, respectively throughout 100 ns MD simulations. Drug-likeness calculations revealed robust bioavailability and protein-protein interactions were identified for 340; biochemical signaling genes included ACE, MAPK14 and ESR1 as identified based on a STRING database. Pathway enrichment analysis combined with reactome mining revealed that 340 has the capability to re-modulate the p38 MAPK pathway hijacked by SARS-CoV-2 and antagonize injurious effects. These findings justify further in vivo and in vitro testing of 340 as an antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2.

ACS Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Alaa Abdelrahman; Mohamed Atia; Tarik Mohamed; Mahmoud Moustafa; Abdulrahim Hakami; Shaden Khalifa; Fahad Alhumaydhi; Faris Alrumaihi; Syed Abidi; Khaled Allemailem; Thomas Efferth; Mahmoud Soliman; Paul Paré; Hesham El-Seedi; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition. Marine Drugs 2021, 19, 391 .

AMA Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim, Alaa Abdelrahman, Mohamed Atia, Tarik Mohamed, Mahmoud Moustafa, Abdulrahim Hakami, Shaden Khalifa, Fahad Alhumaydhi, Faris Alrumaihi, Syed Abidi, Khaled Allemailem, Thomas Efferth, Mahmoud Soliman, Paul Paré, Hesham El-Seedi, Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition. Marine Drugs. 2021; 19 (7):391.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Alaa Abdelrahman; Mohamed Atia; Tarik Mohamed; Mahmoud Moustafa; Abdulrahim Hakami; Shaden Khalifa; Fahad Alhumaydhi; Faris Alrumaihi; Syed Abidi; Khaled Allemailem; Thomas Efferth; Mahmoud Soliman; Paul Paré; Hesham El-Seedi; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. 2021. "Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition." Marine Drugs 19, no. 7: 391.

Review
Published: 01 July 2021 in International Journal of Nanomedicine
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The smart strategy of cancer cells to bypass the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway has led to the discovery of novel anti-cancer approaches including the targeting of lysosomes. Recent discoveries observed that lysosomes perform far beyond just recycling of cellular waste, as these organelles are metabolically very active and mediate several signalling pathways to sense the cellular metabolic status. These organelles also play a significant role in mediating the immune system functions. Thus, direct or indirect lysosome-targeting with different drugs can be considered a novel therapeutic approach in different disease including cancer. Recently, some anticancer lysosomotropic drugs (eg, nortriptyline, siramesine, desipramine) and their nanoformulations have been engineered to specifically accumulate within these organelles. These drugs can enhance lysosome membrane permeabilization (LMP) or disrupt the activity of resident enzymes and protein complexes, like v-ATPase and mTORC1. Other anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, quinacrine, chloroquine and DQ661 have also been used which act through multi-target points. In addition, autophagy inhibitors, ferroptosis inducers and fluorescent probes have also been used as novel theranostic agents. Several lysosome-specific drug nanoformulations like mixed charge and peptide conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), Au-ZnO hybrid NPs, TPP-PEG-biotin NPs, octadecyl-rhodamine-B and cationic liposomes, etc. have been synthesized by diverse methods. These nanoformulations can target cathepsins, glucose-regulated protein 78, or other lysosome specific proteins in different cancers. The specific targeting of cancer cell lysosomes with drug nanoformulations is quite recent and faces tremendous challenges like toxicity concerns to normal tissues, which may be resolved in future research. The anticancer applications of these nanoformulations have led them up to various stages of clinical trials. Here in this review article, we present the recent updates about the lysosome ultrastructure, its cross-talk with other organelles, and the novel strategies of targeting this organelle in tumor cells as a recent innovative approach of cancer management.

ACS Style

Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Faris Alrumaihi; Saleh A Almatroodi; Mohammad O Alkurbi; Ghaiyda Talal Basfar; Arshad Husain Rahmani; Amjad Ali Khan. Novel Approaches of Dysregulating Lysosome Functions in Cancer Cells by Specific Drugs and Its Nanoformulations: A Smart Approach of Modern Therapeutics. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2021, ume 16, 5065 -5098.

AMA Style

Khaled S Allemailem, Ahmad Almatroudi, Faris Alrumaihi, Saleh A Almatroodi, Mohammad O Alkurbi, Ghaiyda Talal Basfar, Arshad Husain Rahmani, Amjad Ali Khan. Novel Approaches of Dysregulating Lysosome Functions in Cancer Cells by Specific Drugs and Its Nanoformulations: A Smart Approach of Modern Therapeutics. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2021; ume 16 ():5065-5098.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Faris Alrumaihi; Saleh A Almatroodi; Mohammad O Alkurbi; Ghaiyda Talal Basfar; Arshad Husain Rahmani; Amjad Ali Khan. 2021. "Novel Approaches of Dysregulating Lysosome Functions in Cancer Cells by Specific Drugs and Its Nanoformulations: A Smart Approach of Modern Therapeutics." International Journal of Nanomedicine ume 16, no. : 5065-5098.

Journal article
Published: 28 June 2021 in Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Pirin (PIR) protein is highly conserved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Recently, it has been identified that PIR positively regulates breast cancer cell proliferation, xenograft tumor formation, and metastasis, through an enforced transition of G1/S phase of the cell cycle by upregulation of E2F1 expression at the transcriptional level. Keeping in view the importance of PIR in many crucial cellular processes in humans, we used a variety of computational tools to identify non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PIR gene that are highly deleterious for the structure and function of PIR protein. Out of 173 SNPs identified in the protein, 119 are non-synonymous, and by consensus, 24 mutations were confirmed to be deleterious in nature. Mutations such as V257A, I28T, and I264S were unveiled as highly destabilizing due to a significant stability fold change on the protein structure. This observation was further established through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation that demonstrated the role of the mutation in protein structure destability and affecting its internal dynamics. The findings of this study are believed to open doors to investigate the biological relevance of the mutations and drugability potential of the protein.

ACS Style

Muhammad Suleman; Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar; Shoaib Saleem; Sajjad Ahmad; Syed Shujait Ali; Haji Khan; Fazal Akbar; Wajid Khan; Adel Alblihy; Faris Alrumaihi; Muhammad Waseem; Khaled S. Allemailem. Mutational Landscape of Pirin and Elucidation of the Impact of Most Detrimental Missense Variants That Accelerate the Breast Cancer Pathways: A Computational Modelling Study. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 2021, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Suleman, Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar, Shoaib Saleem, Sajjad Ahmad, Syed Shujait Ali, Haji Khan, Fazal Akbar, Wajid Khan, Adel Alblihy, Faris Alrumaihi, Muhammad Waseem, Khaled S. Allemailem. Mutational Landscape of Pirin and Elucidation of the Impact of Most Detrimental Missense Variants That Accelerate the Breast Cancer Pathways: A Computational Modelling Study. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2021; 8 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Suleman; Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar; Shoaib Saleem; Sajjad Ahmad; Syed Shujait Ali; Haji Khan; Fazal Akbar; Wajid Khan; Adel Alblihy; Faris Alrumaihi; Muhammad Waseem; Khaled S. Allemailem. 2021. "Mutational Landscape of Pirin and Elucidation of the Impact of Most Detrimental Missense Variants That Accelerate the Breast Cancer Pathways: A Computational Modelling Study." Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 8, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Pharmaceutics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Cryptococcus neoformans infections rose sharply due to rapid increase in the numbers of immunocompromised individuals in recent years. Treatment of Cryptococcosis in immunocompromised persons is largely very challenging and hopeless. Hence, this study aimed to determine the activity of ellagic acid (EA) in the treatment of C. neoformans in cyclophosphamide injected leukopenic mice. A liposomal formulation of ellagic acid (Lip-EA) was prepared and characterized, and its antifungal activity was assessed in comparison to fluconazole (FLZ). The efficacy of the drug treatment was tested by assessing survival rate, fungal burden, and histological analysis in lung tissues. The safety of the drug formulations was tested by investigating hepatic, renal function, and antioxidant levels. The results of the present work demonstrated that Lip-EA, not FLZ, effectively eliminated C. neoformans infection in the leukopenic mice. Mice treated with Lip-EA (40 mg/kg) showed 70% survival rate and highly reduced fungal burden in their lung tissues, whereas the mice treated with FLZ (40 mg/kg) had 20% survival rate and greater fungal load in their lungs. Noteworthy, Lip-EA treatment alleviated cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity and restored hepatic and renal function parameters. Moreover, Lip-EA treatment restored the levels of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and catalase in the lung tissues. The effect of FLZ or EA or Lip-EA against C. neoformans infection was assessed by the histological analysis of lung tissues. Lip-EA effectively reduced influx of inflammatory cells, thickening of alveolar walls, congestion, and hemorrhage. The findings of the present study suggest that Lip-EA may prove to be a promising therapeutic formulation against C. neoformans in immunocompromised persons.

ACS Style

Masood Khan; Arif Khan; Mohd Azam; Khaled Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad A. Alhumaydhi; Faizul Azam; Shaheer Khan; Syeda Zofair; Sumbul Ahmad; Hina Younus. Liposomal Ellagic Acid Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity and Eliminates the Systemic Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Leukopenic Mice. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 882 .

AMA Style

Masood Khan, Arif Khan, Mohd Azam, Khaled Allemailem, Faris Alrumaihi, Ahmad Almatroudi, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Faizul Azam, Shaheer Khan, Syeda Zofair, Sumbul Ahmad, Hina Younus. Liposomal Ellagic Acid Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity and Eliminates the Systemic Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Leukopenic Mice. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (6):882.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masood Khan; Arif Khan; Mohd Azam; Khaled Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad A. Alhumaydhi; Faizul Azam; Shaheer Khan; Syeda Zofair; Sumbul Ahmad; Hina Younus. 2021. "Liposomal Ellagic Acid Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity and Eliminates the Systemic Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Leukopenic Mice." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6: 882.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2021 in Antibiotics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Giardiasis is a major diarrheal disease affecting approximately 2.5 million children annually in developing countries. Several studies have reported the resistance of Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) to multiple drugs. Therefore, identifying an effective drug for giardiasis is a necessity. This study examined the antiparasitic effect of Punica granatum (pomegranate) and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in rats infected with G. lamblia. In vitro study showed high efficacy of pomegranate peel ethanolic extract in killing G. lamblia cysts as demonstrated by eosin vital staining. We showed that treating infected rats with pomegranate extract resulted in a marked reduction in the mean number of G. lamblia cysts and trophozoites in feces and intestine respectively. Interestingly, the number of G. lamblia trophozoites and cysts were significantly lower in the pomegranate extract-treated group compared to the metronidazole-positive control group. Moreover, pomegranate extract treatment significantly induced nitric oxide (NO) and reduced serum IL-6 and TNF-α, compared to infected untreated rats. Histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the jejunum and duodenum of pomegranate extract-treated animals confirmed the antiparasitic effect of the extract, and demonstrated the restoration of villi structure with reduction of villi atrophy, decreased infiltration of lymphocytes, and protection of intestinal cells from apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, our data show that the pomegranate peel extract is effective in controlling G. lamblia infections, which suggests that it could be a viable treatment option for giardiasis.

ACS Style

Asmaa El-Kady; Iman Abdel-Rahman; Samer Fouad; Khaled Allemailem; Taghrid Istivan; Sheren Ahmed; Al Hasan; Heba Osman; Hatem Elshabrawy. Pomegranate Peel Extract Is a Potential Alternative Therapeutic for Giardiasis. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 705 .

AMA Style

Asmaa El-Kady, Iman Abdel-Rahman, Samer Fouad, Khaled Allemailem, Taghrid Istivan, Sheren Ahmed, Al Hasan, Heba Osman, Hatem Elshabrawy. Pomegranate Peel Extract Is a Potential Alternative Therapeutic for Giardiasis. Antibiotics. 2021; 10 (6):705.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asmaa El-Kady; Iman Abdel-Rahman; Samer Fouad; Khaled Allemailem; Taghrid Istivan; Sheren Ahmed; Al Hasan; Heba Osman; Hatem Elshabrawy. 2021. "Pomegranate Peel Extract Is a Potential Alternative Therapeutic for Giardiasis." Antibiotics 10, no. 6: 705.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2021 in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous allergic respiratory disease with diverse inflammatory symptoms, pathology, and responses to treatment. Thyme is a natural product which is consisted of multiple phenolic compounds of therapeutic significance for treatment of cough and bronchitis. This study evaluated the efficacy of thyme oil against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced BA in an experimental rabbit model. Forty male rabbits were divided into four equal groups [control group (G1), OVA (G2), thyme oil (G3), and OVA plus thyme oil (G4)]. Animals were treated for 30 days, and clinical, histopathological (HP), histochemical (HC), immunohistochemical (IHC), morphometric, biochemical and flow cytometry methods were performed, followed by statistical analysis. All used methods revealed normal structure of the lung tissues in rabbits of G1 and G3. In contrast, the clinical examination of G2 rabbits revealed an obvious increase in the respiratory rate, sneezing and wheezing, whereas the HP, HC and IHC techniques exhibited substantial inflammatory changes in the peribronchio-vascular lung tissues with thinning, degeneration, apoptosis (using the TUNEL assay), necrosis, and shedding of the airway epithelium. Furthermore, the morphometric results confirmed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory cells, goblet cells, eosinophils and apoptotic cells from (12, 0, 2, 2 cells) to (34,10, 16, 18 cells) respectively, as well as the area percentage of collagen fiber deposition and immunoexpression of eotaxin-1/10 high power fields. Additionally, the biochemical results revealed significant increases in the serum levels of TSLP, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IgE and eotaxin-1 cytokines from (140, 40, 15, 38, 120, 100, 48) pg./ml to (360, 270, 130, 85, 365, 398, 110) pg./ml respectively, while analysis of ROS by flow cytometry revealed remarkable oxidative stress effects in G2 rabbits. On the other hand, treatment of rabbits with thyme oil in G4 substantially alleviated all OVA-induced alterations. Overall, our findings indicate for the first time that thyme oil can ameliorate OVA-induced BA via its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects on the lung tissues of rabbits.

ACS Style

Ayman M. Mousa; Ahmad Almatroudi; Ameen S. Alwashmi; Waleed Al Abdulmonem; Abdullah S.M. Aljohani; Fahad A. Alhumaydhi; Mohammed A. Alsahli; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled S. Allemailem; Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif; Arif Khan; Masood A. Khan; Fahad M. Alshabrmi; Abdulmohsen Alruwetei; Mohammad Aljasir; Faris F. Aba Alkhayl; Arshad H. Rahmani; Osamah Al Rugaie; Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan; Suliman A. Alsagaby; Fahad M. Aldakheel; Saleh A. Almatroodi. Thyme oil alleviates Ova-induced bronchial asthma through modulating Th2 cytokines, IgE, TSLP and ROS. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 2021, 140, 111726 .

AMA Style

Ayman M. Mousa, Ahmad Almatroudi, Ameen S. Alwashmi, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Abdullah S.M. Aljohani, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Mohammed A. Alsahli, Faris Alrumaihi, Khaled S. Allemailem, Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif, Arif Khan, Masood A. Khan, Fahad M. Alshabrmi, Abdulmohsen Alruwetei, Mohammad Aljasir, Faris F. Aba Alkhayl, Arshad H. Rahmani, Osamah Al Rugaie, Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan, Suliman A. Alsagaby, Fahad M. Aldakheel, Saleh A. Almatroodi. Thyme oil alleviates Ova-induced bronchial asthma through modulating Th2 cytokines, IgE, TSLP and ROS. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2021; 140 ():111726.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayman M. Mousa; Ahmad Almatroudi; Ameen S. Alwashmi; Waleed Al Abdulmonem; Abdullah S.M. Aljohani; Fahad A. Alhumaydhi; Mohammed A. Alsahli; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled S. Allemailem; Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif; Arif Khan; Masood A. Khan; Fahad M. Alshabrmi; Abdulmohsen Alruwetei; Mohammad Aljasir; Faris F. Aba Alkhayl; Arshad H. Rahmani; Osamah Al Rugaie; Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan; Suliman A. Alsagaby; Fahad M. Aldakheel; Saleh A. Almatroodi. 2021. "Thyme oil alleviates Ova-induced bronchial asthma through modulating Th2 cytokines, IgE, TSLP and ROS." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 140, no. : 111726.

Review
Published: 01 June 2021 in International Journal of Nanomedicine
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Any variation in normal cellular function results in mitochondrial dysregulation that occurs in several diseases, including cancer. Such processes as oxidative stress, metabolism, signaling, and biogenesis play significant roles in cancer initiation and progression. Due to their central role in cellular metabolism, mitochondria are favorable therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of conditions like neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Subcellular mitochondria-specific theranostic nanoformulations for simultaneous targeting, drug delivery, and imaging of these organelles are of immense interest in cancer therapy. It is a challenging task to cross multiple barriers to target mitochondria in diseased cells. To overcome these multiple barriers, several mitochondriotropic nanoformulations have been engineered for the transportation of mitochondria-specific drugs. These nanoformulations include liposomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), and inorganic NPs. These nanoformulations are made mitochondriotropic by conjugating them with moieties like dequalinium, Mito-Porter, triphenylphosphonium, and Mitochondria-penetrating peptides. Most of these nanoformulations are meticulously tailored to control their size, charge, shape, mitochondriotropic drug loading, and specific cell-membrane interactions. Recently, some novel mitochondria-selective antitumor compounds known as mitocans have shown high toxicity against cancer cells. These selective compounds form vicious oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species cycles within cancer cells and ultimately push them to cell death. Nanoformulations approved by the FDA and EMA for clinical applications in cancer patients include Doxil, NK105, and Abraxane. The novel use of these NPs still faces tremendous challenges and an immense amount of research is needed to understand the proper mechanisms of cancer progression and control by these NPs. Here in this review, we summarize current advancements and novel strategies of delivering different anticancer therapeutic agents to mitochondria with the help of various nanoformulations.

ACS Style

Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Mohammed A Alsahli; Aseel Aljaghwani; Asmaa M El-Kady; Arshad Husain Rahmani; Amjad Ali Khan. Novel Strategies for Disrupting Cancer-Cell Functions with Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Drug–Loaded Nanoformulations. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2021, ume 16, 3907 -3936.

AMA Style

Khaled S Allemailem, Ahmad Almatroudi, Mohammed A Alsahli, Aseel Aljaghwani, Asmaa M El-Kady, Arshad Husain Rahmani, Amjad Ali Khan. Novel Strategies for Disrupting Cancer-Cell Functions with Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Drug–Loaded Nanoformulations. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2021; ume 16 ():3907-3936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Mohammed A Alsahli; Aseel Aljaghwani; Asmaa M El-Kady; Arshad Husain Rahmani; Amjad Ali Khan. 2021. "Novel Strategies for Disrupting Cancer-Cell Functions with Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Drug–Loaded Nanoformulations." International Journal of Nanomedicine ume 16, no. : 3907-3936.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The use of traditional medicines of natural origin has been prevalent since ancient times globally as the plants produce a great diversity in their secondary metabolites. The naturally occurring bioactive constituents in food and other plant materials have shown widespread attention for their use as alternative medicine to prevent and cure microbial growth with the least toxic manifestations. The inclusion of these contents revealed their crucial role to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the classical drugs against various pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, several metabolites have also been explored in combination with antimicrobial agents to overcome the problems associated with drug resistance. This current review discusses the antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites as well as their role in drug sensitivity against multiple-drug resistant pathogenic microbes.

ACS Style

Khaled S. Allemailem. Antimicrobial Potential of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Secondary Metabolites. 2021, 13, 155 -162.

AMA Style

Khaled S. Allemailem. Antimicrobial Potential of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Secondary Metabolites. . 2021; 13 (2):155-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaled S. Allemailem. 2021. "Antimicrobial Potential of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Secondary Metabolites." 13, no. 2: 155-162.

Journal article
Published: 13 May 2021 in Scientific Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

As the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic engulfs millions worldwide, the quest for vaccines or drugs against the virus continues. The helicase protein of SARS-CoV-2 represents an attractive target for drug discovery since inhibition of helicase activity can suppress viral replication. Using in silico approaches, we have identified drugs that interact with SARS-CoV-2 helicase based on the presence of amino acid arrangements matching binding sites of drugs in previously annotated protein structures. The drugs exhibiting an RMSD of ≤ 3.0 Å were further analyzed using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and post-MD analyses. Using these approaches, we found 12 drugs that showed strong interactions with SARS-CoV-2 helicase amino acids. The analyses were performed using the recently available SARS-CoV-2 helicase structure (PDB ID: 5RL6). Based on the MM-GBSA approach, out of the 12 drugs, two drugs, namely posaconazole and grazoprevir, showed the most favorable binding energy, − 54.8 and − 49.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, of the amino acids found conserved among all human coronaviruses, 10/11 and 10/12 were targeted by, respectively, grazoprevir and posaconazole. These residues are part of the crucial DEAD-like helicase C and DEXXQc_Upf1-like/ DEAD-like helicase domains. Strong interactions of posaconazole and grazoprevir with conserved amino acids indicate that the drugs can be potent against SARS-CoV-2. Since the amino acids are conserved among the human coronaviruses, the virus is unlikely to develop resistance mutations against these drugs. Since these drugs are already in use, they may be immediately repurposed for SARS-CoV-2 therapy.

ACS Style

Syed Hani Abidi; Nahlah Makki Almansour; Daulet Amerzhanov; Khaled S. Allemailem; Wardah Rafaqat; Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim; Philip la Fleur; Martin Lukac; Syed Ali. Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Syed Hani Abidi, Nahlah Makki Almansour, Daulet Amerzhanov, Khaled S. Allemailem, Wardah Rafaqat, Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim, Philip la Fleur, Martin Lukac, Syed Ali. Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Hani Abidi; Nahlah Makki Almansour; Daulet Amerzhanov; Khaled S. Allemailem; Wardah Rafaqat; Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim; Philip la Fleur; Martin Lukac; Syed Ali. 2021. "Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.

Review article
Published: 12 May 2021 in BioMed Research International
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Human bodies encompass very important symbiotic and mutualistic relationships with tiny creatures known as microbiota. Trillions of these tiny creatures including protozoa, viruses, bacteria, and fungi are present in and on our bodies. They play important roles in various physiological mechanisms of our bodies. In return, our bodies provide them with the habitat and food necessary for their survival. In this review, we comprehend the gut microbial species present in various regions of the gut. We can get benefits from microbiota only if they are present in appropriate concentrations, as if their concentration is altered, it will lead to dysbiosis of microbiota which further contributes to various health ailments. The composition, diversity, and functionality of gut microbiota do not remain static throughout life as they keep on changing over time. In this review, we also reviewed the various biotic and abiotic factors influencing the quantity and quality of these microbiota. These factors serve a significant role in shaping the gut microbiota population.

ACS Style

Haseeb Anwar; Arslan Iftikhar; Humaira Muzaffar; Ahmad Almatroudi; Khaled S. Allemailem; Soha Navaid; Sana Saleem; Mohsin Khurshid. Biodiversity of Gut Microbiota: Impact of Various Host and Environmental Factors. BioMed Research International 2021, 2021, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Haseeb Anwar, Arslan Iftikhar, Humaira Muzaffar, Ahmad Almatroudi, Khaled S. Allemailem, Soha Navaid, Sana Saleem, Mohsin Khurshid. Biodiversity of Gut Microbiota: Impact of Various Host and Environmental Factors. BioMed Research International. 2021; 2021 ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haseeb Anwar; Arslan Iftikhar; Humaira Muzaffar; Ahmad Almatroudi; Khaled S. Allemailem; Soha Navaid; Sana Saleem; Mohsin Khurshid. 2021. "Biodiversity of Gut Microbiota: Impact of Various Host and Environmental Factors." BioMed Research International 2021, no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Pharmaceutics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In the present study, we investigated the activity of free thymoquinone (TQ) or liposomal thymoquinone (Lip-TQ) in comparison to standard antibiotic amoxicillin (AMX) against the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. A liposomal formulation of TQ was prepared and characterized and its toxicity was evaluated by analyzing the hematological, liver and kidney function parameters. TQ was effective against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant A. baumannii as shown by the findings of drug susceptibility testing and time kill kinetics. Moreover, the therapeutic efficacy of TQ or Lip-TQ against A. baumannii was assessed by the survival rate and the bacterial load in the lung tissues of treated mice. The mice infected with drug-sensitive A. baumannii exhibited a 90% survival rate on day 30 post treatment with Lip-TQ at a dose of 10 mg/kg, whereas the mice treated with AMX (10 mg/kg) had a 100% survival rate. On the other hand, the mice infected with drug-resistant A. baumannii had a 70% survival rate in the group treated with Lip-TQ, whereas AMX was ineffective against drug-resistant A. baumannii and all the mice died within day 30 after the treatment. Moreover, Lip-TQ treatment effectively reduced the bacterial load in the lung tissues of the mice infected with the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant A. baumannii. Moreover, the blood of the mice treated with Lip-TQ had reduced levels of inflammation markers, leukocytes and neutrophils. The results of the present study suggest that Lip-TQ may prove to be an effective therapeutic formulation in the treatment of the drug-sensitive or drug-resistant A. baumannii infection as well.

ACS Style

Khaled Allemailem; Abdullah Alnuqaydan; Ahmad Almatroudi; Faris Alrumaihi; Aseel Aljaghwani; Habibullah Khalilullah; Hina Younus; Arif Khan; Masood Khan. Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Thymoquinone-Loaded Liposomes against Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 677 .

AMA Style

Khaled Allemailem, Abdullah Alnuqaydan, Ahmad Almatroudi, Faris Alrumaihi, Aseel Aljaghwani, Habibullah Khalilullah, Hina Younus, Arif Khan, Masood Khan. Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Thymoquinone-Loaded Liposomes against Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (5):677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaled Allemailem; Abdullah Alnuqaydan; Ahmad Almatroudi; Faris Alrumaihi; Aseel Aljaghwani; Habibullah Khalilullah; Hina Younus; Arif Khan; Masood Khan. 2021. "Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Thymoquinone-Loaded Liposomes against Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5: 677.

Review
Published: 01 May 2021 in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Neurocysticercosis, the most common type of neuroparasitosis, is a condition in which the central nervous system (CNS) is infested with the pork tapeworm Taenia solium cysticercosis’ larvae. Neurocysticercosis is the most widespread parasitic CNS disease worldwide, affecting more than 50 million individuals. As neurocysticercosis is prevalent in developing countries, the growing number of migrants and travelers increases prevalence in developed countries. Possible neuropsychiatric manifestations are depression, cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and visual hallucinations. Depending on the cysts’ location in the CNS, focal neurology or psychiatric symptoms manifest. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is based on neuroimaging and serology. The correlation between specific symptoms and the cyst’s location might help better understand psychiatric disorders’ pathophysiology. Nonetheless, the exact prevalence of neurocysticercosis is seldom reported in patients with psychiatric disorders, which may be due to the lack of imaging availability in developing countries with a high prevalence.

ACS Style

Asmaa M El-Kady; Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Birgit Abler; Mohamed Elsayed. Psychiatric Disorders of Neurocysticercosis: Narrative Review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2021, ume 17, 1599 -1610.

AMA Style

Asmaa M El-Kady, Khaled S Allemailem, Ahmad Almatroudi, Birgit Abler, Mohamed Elsayed. Psychiatric Disorders of Neurocysticercosis: Narrative Review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2021; ume 17 ():1599-1610.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asmaa M El-Kady; Khaled S Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Birgit Abler; Mohamed Elsayed. 2021. "Psychiatric Disorders of Neurocysticercosis: Narrative Review." Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment ume 17, no. : 1599-1610.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in Antibiotics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Giardiasis is an intestinal protozoal disease caused by Giardia lamblia. The disease became a global health issue due to development of resistance to commonly used drugs. Since many plant-derived products have been used to treat many parasitic infestations, we aimed to assess the therapeutic utility of Artemisia annua (A. annua) for giardiasis. We showed that NO production was significantly reduced whereas serum levels of IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were elevated in infected hamsters compared to uninfected ones. Additionally, infection resulted in increased numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes and reduced villi heights, goblet cell numbers, and muscularis externa thickness. We also showed that inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and caspase-3 were elevated in the intestine of infected animals. However, treatment with A. annua significantly reduced the intestinal trophozoite counts and IEL numbers, serum IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, while increasing NO and restoring villi heights, GC numbers, and ME thickness. Moreover, A. annua treatment resulted in lower levels of caspase-3, which indicates a protective effect from apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, A. annua therapeutic effects are comparable to metronidazole. In conclusion, our results show that A. annua extract is effective in alleviating infection-induced intestinal inflammation and pathological effects, which implies its potential therapeutic utility in controlling giardiasis.

ACS Style

Tarek Abd-Elhamid; Iman Abdel-Rahman; Amany Mahmoud; Khaled Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Samer Fouad; Osama Abdella; Hatem Elshabrawy; Asmaa El-Kady. A Complementary Herbal Product for Controlling Giardiasis. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 477 .

AMA Style

Tarek Abd-Elhamid, Iman Abdel-Rahman, Amany Mahmoud, Khaled Allemailem, Ahmad Almatroudi, Samer Fouad, Osama Abdella, Hatem Elshabrawy, Asmaa El-Kady. A Complementary Herbal Product for Controlling Giardiasis. Antibiotics. 2021; 10 (5):477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tarek Abd-Elhamid; Iman Abdel-Rahman; Amany Mahmoud; Khaled Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Samer Fouad; Osama Abdella; Hatem Elshabrawy; Asmaa El-Kady. 2021. "A Complementary Herbal Product for Controlling Giardiasis." Antibiotics 10, no. 5: 477.

Journal article
Published: 05 April 2021 in Molecules
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for the COVID-19 pandemic, which generated more than 1.82 million deaths in 2020 alone, in addition to 83.8 million infections. Currently, there is no antiviral medication to treat COVID-19. In the search for drug leads, marine-derived metabolites are reported here as prospective SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Two hundred and twenty-seven terpene natural products isolated from the biodiverse Red-Sea ecosystem were screened for inhibitor activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area binding energy calculations. On the basis of in silico analyses, six terpenes demonstrated high potency as Mpro inhibitors with ΔG binding ≤ −40.0 kcal/mol. The stability and binding affinity of the most potent metabolite, erylosides B, were compared to the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Erylosides B showed greater binding affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 Mpro than lopinavir over 100 ns with ΔG binding values of −51.9 vs. −33.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Protein–protein interactions indicate that erylosides B biochemical signaling shares gene components that mediate severe acute respiratory syndrome diseases, including the cytokine- and immune-signaling components BCL2L1, IL2, and PRKC. Pathway enrichment analysis and Boolean network modeling were performed towards a deep dissection and mining of the erylosides B target–function interactions. The current study identifies erylosides B as a promising anti-COVID-19 drug lead that warrants further in vitro and in vivo testing.

ACS Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Alaa Abdelrahman; Tarik Mohamed; Mohamed Atia; Montaser Al-Hammady; Khlood Abdeljawaad; Eman Elkady; Mahmoud Moustafa; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Hesham El-Seedi; Paul Paré; Thomas Efferth; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. In Silico Mining of Terpenes from Red-Sea Invertebrates for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) Inhibitors. Molecules 2021, 26, 2082 .

AMA Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim, Alaa Abdelrahman, Tarik Mohamed, Mohamed Atia, Montaser Al-Hammady, Khlood Abdeljawaad, Eman Elkady, Mahmoud Moustafa, Faris Alrumaihi, Khaled Allemailem, Hesham El-Seedi, Paul Paré, Thomas Efferth, Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. In Silico Mining of Terpenes from Red-Sea Invertebrates for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) Inhibitors. Molecules. 2021; 26 (7):2082.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud Ibrahim; Alaa Abdelrahman; Tarik Mohamed; Mohamed Atia; Montaser Al-Hammady; Khlood Abdeljawaad; Eman Elkady; Mahmoud Moustafa; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Hesham El-Seedi; Paul Paré; Thomas Efferth; Mohamed-Elamir Hegazy. 2021. "In Silico Mining of Terpenes from Red-Sea Invertebrates for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) Inhibitors." Molecules 26, no. 7: 2082.

Original research
Published: 01 April 2021 in Journal of Inflammation Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of methanolic FSE and its possible molecular mechanism of action in breast cancer cells.

ACS Style

Faris A Alrumaihi; Masood A Khan; Khaled S Allemailem; Mohammed A Alsahli; Ahmad Almatroudi; Hina Younus; Sultan A Alsuhaibani; Mohammad Algahtani; Arif Khan. Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis. Journal of Inflammation Research 2021, ume 14, 1511 -1535.

AMA Style

Faris A Alrumaihi, Masood A Khan, Khaled S Allemailem, Mohammed A Alsahli, Ahmad Almatroudi, Hina Younus, Sultan A Alsuhaibani, Mohammad Algahtani, Arif Khan. Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis. Journal of Inflammation Research. 2021; ume 14 ():1511-1535.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faris A Alrumaihi; Masood A Khan; Khaled S Allemailem; Mohammed A Alsahli; Ahmad Almatroudi; Hina Younus; Sultan A Alsuhaibani; Mohammad Algahtani; Arif Khan. 2021. "Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis." Journal of Inflammation Research ume 14, no. : 1511-1535.

Original research
Published: 01 April 2021 in Infection and Drug Resistance
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Azoles are the most common antifungal drugs used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The frequency of azole-resistant Candida isolates has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Here, we assessed the antifungal activity of a combination of fluconazole (FLZ) and methanolic extract of ginger (Meth-Gin) against drug-resistant vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in a murine model. The in vitro activity of FLZ or a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was determined against Candida albicans by the agar well diffusion, macrodilution, time-kill and the biofilm eradication methods. The therapeutic efficacy of the formulations was assessed by analyzing the fungal load, pro-inflammatory cytokines, percent apoptotic cells and the histological changes in the vaginal tissues of the mice. Moreover, the renal toxicity the drug formulation was evaluated by analyzing the levels of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. The results of in vitro study demonstrated that FLZ did not show any activity against C. albicans, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin demonstrated greater activity as shown by the data of the zone of growth inhibition, MIC and time-kill assay. FLZ or Meth-Gin treatment could not completely cure VVC, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was greatly effective in the treatment of VVC. The vaginal tissue from mice of the infected control group had the highest fungal load of 155370 ± 20617 CFUs. Treatment with FLZ at a dose of 40 mg/kg reduced the fungal load to 120863 ± 10723 CFUs. Interestingly, the mice treated with a combination of FLZ (40 mg/kg) and Meth-Gin (200 mg/kg) had a fungal load of 256 ± 152 CFUs. Besides, FLZ and Meth-Gin combination effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-17) and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the vaginal tissues. Likewise, the histological analysis revealed the epithelial necrosis, shedding and ulceration in the vaginal tissue, whereas treatment with FLZ and Meth-Gin combination reversed the histopathological changes in the vaginal epithelium and lamina propria. The findings of the current study suggest that the co-administration of Meth-Gin and FLZ may have a potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of azole-resistant candidiasis.

ACS Style

Arif Khan; Mohd Azam; Khaled S Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad A Alhumaydhi; Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad; Masih Uzzaman Khan; Masood Alam Khan. Coadministration of Ginger Extract and Fluconazole Shows a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Infection and Drug Resistance 2021, ume 14, 1585 -1599.

AMA Style

Arif Khan, Mohd Azam, Khaled S Allemailem, Faris Alrumaihi, Ahmad Almatroudi, Fahad A Alhumaydhi, Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad, Masih Uzzaman Khan, Masood Alam Khan. Coadministration of Ginger Extract and Fluconazole Shows a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2021; ume 14 ():1585-1599.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arif Khan; Mohd Azam; Khaled S Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Ahmad Almatroudi; Fahad A Alhumaydhi; Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad; Masih Uzzaman Khan; Masood Alam Khan. 2021. "Coadministration of Ginger Extract and Fluconazole Shows a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Vulvovaginal Candidiasis." Infection and Drug Resistance ume 14, no. : 1585-1599.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2021 in Nanomaterials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Burkholderia glumae and B. gladioli are seed-borne rice pathogens that cause bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, resulting in huge rice yield losses worldwide. However, the excessive use of chemical pesticides in agriculture has led to an increase in environmental toxicity. Microbe-mediated nanoparticles (NPs) have recently gained significant attention owing to their promising application in plant disease control. In the current study, we biologically synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from a native Bacillus cereus RNT6 strain, which was taxonomically identified using 16S rRNA gene analysis. The biosynthesis of ZnONPs in the reaction mixture was confirmed by using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Moreover, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, and TEM analysis revealed the functional groups, crystalline nature, and spherical shape of ZnONPs with sizes ranging from 21 to 35 nm, respectively. Biogenic ZnONPs showed significant antibacterial activity at 50 µg mL−1 against B. glumae and B. gladioli with a 2.83 cm and 2.18 cm zone of inhibition, respectively, while cell numbers (measured by OD600) of the two pathogens in broth culture were reduced by 71.2% and 68.1%, respectively. The ultrastructure studies revealed the morphological damage in ZnONPs-treated B. glumae and B. gladioli cells as compared to the corresponding control. The results of this study revealed that ZnONPs could be considered as promising nanopesticides to control BPB disease in rice.

ACS Style

Temoor Ahmed; Zhifeng Wu; Hubiao Jiang; Jinyan Luo; Muhammad Noman; Muhammad Shahid; Irfan Manzoor; Khaled Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Bin Li. Bioinspired Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from a Native Bacillus cereus Strain RNT6: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity against Rice Panicle Blight Pathogens Burkholderia glumae and B. gladioli. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 884 .

AMA Style

Temoor Ahmed, Zhifeng Wu, Hubiao Jiang, Jinyan Luo, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Shahid, Irfan Manzoor, Khaled Allemailem, Faris Alrumaihi, Bin Li. Bioinspired Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from a Native Bacillus cereus Strain RNT6: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity against Rice Panicle Blight Pathogens Burkholderia glumae and B. gladioli. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (4):884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Temoor Ahmed; Zhifeng Wu; Hubiao Jiang; Jinyan Luo; Muhammad Noman; Muhammad Shahid; Irfan Manzoor; Khaled Allemailem; Faris Alrumaihi; Bin Li. 2021. "Bioinspired Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from a Native Bacillus cereus Strain RNT6: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity against Rice Panicle Blight Pathogens Burkholderia glumae and B. gladioli." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4: 884.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2021 in Vaccines
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic and acute hepatitis infections. As there is extreme variability in the HCV genome, no approved HCV vaccine has been available so far. An effective polypeptide vaccine based on the functionally conserved epitopes will be greatly helpful in curing disease. For this purpose, an immuno-informatics study is performed based on the published HCV subtype-3a from Pakistan. First, the virus genome was translated to a polyprotein followed by a subsequent prediction of T-cell epitopes. Non-allergenic, IFN-γ producer, and antigenic epitopes were shortlisted, including 5 HTL epitopes and 4 CTL, which were linked to the final vaccine by GPGPG and AAY linkers, respectively. Beta defensin was included as an adjuvant through the EAAAK linker to improve the immunogenicity of the polypeptide. To ensure its safety and immunogenicity profile, antigenicity, allergenicity, and various physiochemical attributes of the polypeptide were evaluated. Molecular docking was conducted between TLR4 and vaccine to evaluate the binding affinity and molecular interactions. For stability assessment and binding of the vaccine-TLR4 docked complex, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and MMGBSA binding free-energy analyses were conducted. Finally, the candidate vaccine was cloned in silico to ensure its effectiveness. The current vaccine requires future experimental confirmation to validate its effectiveness. The vaccine construct produced might be useful in providing immune protection against HCV-related infections.

ACS Style

Sajjad Ahmad; Farah Shahid; Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar; Habib Rehman; Sumra Abbasi; Wasim Sajjad; Saba Ismail; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Hafiz Ullah Saeed. Immuno-Informatics Analysis of Pakistan-Based HCV Subtype-3a for Chimeric Polypeptide Vaccine Design. Vaccines 2021, 9, 293 .

AMA Style

Sajjad Ahmad, Farah Shahid, Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar, Habib Rehman, Sumra Abbasi, Wasim Sajjad, Saba Ismail, Faris Alrumaihi, Khaled Allemailem, Ahmad Almatroudi, Hafiz Ullah Saeed. Immuno-Informatics Analysis of Pakistan-Based HCV Subtype-3a for Chimeric Polypeptide Vaccine Design. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (3):293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sajjad Ahmad; Farah Shahid; Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar; Habib Rehman; Sumra Abbasi; Wasim Sajjad; Saba Ismail; Faris Alrumaihi; Khaled Allemailem; Ahmad Almatroudi; Hafiz Ullah Saeed. 2021. "Immuno-Informatics Analysis of Pakistan-Based HCV Subtype-3a for Chimeric Polypeptide Vaccine Design." Vaccines 9, no. 3: 293.