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Prof. Mingxing Chen
Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, China

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0 Urban Geography
0 Urbanization and Sustainability
0 Urbanization Effects on Heat Island and Regional Precipitation
0 Urbanization urban heat island Climate change resilience
0 urbanization and industrialization.

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Urbanization Effects on Heat Island and Regional Precipitation

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Journal article
Published: 31 July 2021 in Water
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Water resource has become a key constraint for implementing the “Belt and Road” initiative which was raised by the Chinese government. Besides the study of spatial and temporal variability of precipitation, this study created a water hazard risk map along the “Belt and Road” zone through combined flood and drought data from 1985. Our results showed that South-Eastern Asia, southern China and eastern Southern Asia are areas with the most abundant precipitations, while floods in these areas are also the most serious. Northwest China, Western Asia, Northern Africa and Southern Asia are areas highly vulnerable to drought. Furthermore, the potential influence of flood and drought were also analyzed by associating with population distribution and corridor map. It reveals that China, South-Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, Western Asia and Northern Africa have the largest population number facing potential high water hazard risk. China–India–Burma Corridor and China–Indo-China Peninsula Corridor have the largest areas facing potential high water hazard risk.

ACS Style

Yaohuan Huang; Zhonghua Li; Mingxing Chen; Xiaoyang Song; Ping Kang. Spatial Variability of Water Resources State of Regions around the “Belt and Road”. Water 2021, 13, 2102 .

AMA Style

Yaohuan Huang, Zhonghua Li, Mingxing Chen, Xiaoyang Song, Ping Kang. Spatial Variability of Water Resources State of Regions around the “Belt and Road”. Water. 2021; 13 (15):2102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaohuan Huang; Zhonghua Li; Mingxing Chen; Xiaoyang Song; Ping Kang. 2021. "Spatial Variability of Water Resources State of Regions around the “Belt and Road”." Water 13, no. 15: 2102.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2021 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Since the Reform and Opening up, the regional development gaps have become increasingly prominent with the rapid development of China's economy and society. The gaps among the East, Center and West have been widely concerned, but the gaps between the South and North are less concerned. Under the background of the new era, the gaps between the South and North have become the prominent issues affecting the sustainable development of China's region, and reflected the evolution trend of overall pattern of land space development and utilization. This study used the regional gravity center model to analyze the changes pattern in the population and economic gravity centers, and used the geographic detector model to measure the impact of economic and social factors on population density and economic growth. Several key conclusions were reached. 1) The population gravity centers generally moved southwest, with the movement divided into three stages: moving southwest rapidly (1978–1999), moving southeast (1999–2010), moving southwest (2010–2018). 2) The economic gravity centers generally moved southwest, with the movement divided into four stages: moving northwest (1978–1991), moving southeast rapidly (1991–2003), moving northwest slightly (2003–2012), moving southwest rapidly (2012–2018). 3) The development gaps of population and economy between the South and North were becoming increasingly salient in China, and require more attention from government and academia. 4) The order of factors influencing China's population density is: urbanization > traffic convenience > external development > market prosperity > science and technology > industrialization > policy support. 5) The order of factors influencing China's economic growth is: industrialization > market prosperity > science and technology > policy support > external development > traffic convenience > urbanization.

ACS Style

Longwu Liang; Mingxing Chen; Xinyue Luo; Yue Xian. Changes pattern in the population and economic gravity centers since the Reform and Opening up in China: The widening gaps between the South and North. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 310, 127379 .

AMA Style

Longwu Liang, Mingxing Chen, Xinyue Luo, Yue Xian. Changes pattern in the population and economic gravity centers since the Reform and Opening up in China: The widening gaps between the South and North. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 310 ():127379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Longwu Liang; Mingxing Chen; Xinyue Luo; Yue Xian. 2021. "Changes pattern in the population and economic gravity centers since the Reform and Opening up in China: The widening gaps between the South and North." Journal of Cleaner Production 310, no. : 127379.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Understanding the changing patterns of extreme temperatures is important for taking measures to reduce their associated negative impacts. Based on daily temperature data derived from 2272 meteorological stations in China, the spatiotemporal variations in temperature extremes were examined with respect to covariates by means of the Mann–Kendall test and a spatiotemporal model during 1960–2018. The results indicated that the temporal changes in cold extremes showed decreasing trends and warm extremes experienced increasing trends across almost all of China, with mean change rates of −3.9 days, −1.8 days, 3.7 days and 2.3 days per decade for TN10p, TX10p, TN90p and TX90p, respectively. Nighttime warming/cooling was higher than daytime warming/cooling, which indicated that trends in minimum temperature extremes are more rapid than trends in maximum temperature extremes. In addition, the temporal effect on the temperature extremes varied throughout the year, with significant increasing trends in the temporal heterogeneity of warm extremes occurring during 1992–2018. The areas with strong spatial heterogeneity of cool nights mainly included northeastern and central China, and the spatial variation on cool days was more prominent in northern China. For warm nights, the areas showing high spatial heterogeneity were mainly located in the northwestern part of China, while areas for warm days were distributed in northern China. Our results provide meaningful information for a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal variations in temperature extremes across mainland China.

ACS Style

Na Zhao; Mingxing Chen. A Comprehensive Study of Spatiotemporal Variations in Temperature Extremes across China during 1960–2018. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3807 .

AMA Style

Na Zhao, Mingxing Chen. A Comprehensive Study of Spatiotemporal Variations in Temperature Extremes across China during 1960–2018. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Na Zhao; Mingxing Chen. 2021. "A Comprehensive Study of Spatiotemporal Variations in Temperature Extremes across China during 1960–2018." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3807.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Earth and Space Science
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Precipitation is a key hydrometeorological variable for understanding surface energy partitioning and water budget over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A substantial proportion of summer precipitation falls as rain. The effects of different land surface models (LSMs) on the TP's precipitation and their inner mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the assessments of different LSMs coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in precipitation simulation were investigated over the TP during June 28th to 29th of 2008. The simulated results were evaluated with the merged CMORPH precipitation dataset developed by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). The assessment demonstrated that precipitation simulated by the CLM4, Noah‐MP and PX LSM schemes was wider and stronger compared with the merged CMORPH over the central and western TP but was underestimated over the eastern and southern regions. Generally, both CLM4 and Noah‐MP schemes exhibited higher forecasting quality and accuracy in simulating precipitation over the TP. The optimal precipitation simulation was achieved by applying the Noah‐MP scheme, with a lowest RMSE of 9.53 mm/day, mainly attributed to its corrections of overforecasting for precipitation that did not occur. Further mechanism analysis indicated that soil moisture‐energy flux‐precipitation feedback play an important role in different LSM schemes.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Lei Zhong; Ziyu Huang; Yaoming Ma; Yunfei Fu; Mingxing Chen; Ming Ma; Jianqiu Zheng. Assessments of Weather Research and Forecasting Land Surface Models in Precipitation Simulation Over the Tibetan Plateau. Earth and Space Science 2021, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Lei Zhong, Ziyu Huang, Yaoming Ma, Yunfei Fu, Mingxing Chen, Ming Ma, Jianqiu Zheng. Assessments of Weather Research and Forecasting Land Surface Models in Precipitation Simulation Over the Tibetan Plateau. Earth and Space Science. 2021; 8 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lei Zhong; Ziyu Huang; Yaoming Ma; Yunfei Fu; Mingxing Chen; Ming Ma; Jianqiu Zheng. 2021. "Assessments of Weather Research and Forecasting Land Surface Models in Precipitation Simulation Over the Tibetan Plateau." Earth and Space Science 8, no. 3: 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2021 in Land
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New-type urbanization and rural revitalization have gradually become national strategies, and are an objective requirement for China to be able to enter into a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and also an inevitable result of the integration of new-type urbanization and rural development in the new stage. This paper reviews the classic theories and cognition of the research on urban–rural relations at home and abroad, and outlines the stage evolution characteristics of urban–rural relations in China. It is believed that urban-biased urbanization has widened the development gap between urban and rural areas since reform and opening up. Under the guidance of the two strategies of new-type urbanization and rural revitalization, urban and rural areas have transitioned from “one-way flow” to “bilateral interaction”, and from “urban bias” to “urban–rural integration”. This paper puts forward a research framework and scientific issues regarding the integration of new-type urbanization and rural revitalization from multidisciplinary perspectives. The integration of these two major strategies will contribute to a new situation of the coordinated and high-quality development of urban and rural areas in the new era.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuan Zhou; Xinrong Huang; Chao Ye. The Integration of New-Type Urbanization and Rural Revitalization Strategies in China: Origin, Reality and Future Trends. Land 2021, 10, 207 .

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Yuan Zhou, Xinrong Huang, Chao Ye. The Integration of New-Type Urbanization and Rural Revitalization Strategies in China: Origin, Reality and Future Trends. Land. 2021; 10 (2):207.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuan Zhou; Xinrong Huang; Chao Ye. 2021. "The Integration of New-Type Urbanization and Rural Revitalization Strategies in China: Origin, Reality and Future Trends." Land 10, no. 2: 207.

Journal article
Published: 06 January 2021 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Globally, urbanization has dramatically changed land cover, causing a rapid growth in carbon emissions and related risk of climate change. This study estimated city-level land use carbon emissions (LUCEs) using a novel method based on the correction coefficient calculated by the carbon emissions from energy consumption and basic land use emissions. The method was applied to 13 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration in China using 30 m resolution land use data and energy balance tables (EBTs), and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) was used to discuss the relationship between urbanization and LUCEs in three typical models. The results revealed the expansion of built-up land in the BTH region, and LUCEs at the city-level increase continually, except in Beijing, which showed the most significant expansion of built-up land but a declining trend in LUCEs in recent years. The relationship between urbanization and LUCEs can be summarized into three modes: ‘high urbanization - low emissions’, ‘middle urbanization - high emissions’, and ‘low urbanization - low emissions’. The results have great significance for the formulation of policies to reduce city-level carbon emission at different urbanization levels, and the implementation of high-quality people-oriented new-type urbanization can allow the realization of the carbon emission reduction targets of China.

ACS Style

Yuan Zhou; Mingxing Chen; Zhipeng Tang; Ziao Mei. Urbanization, land use change, and carbon emissions: Quantitative assessments for city-level carbon emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 66, 102701 .

AMA Style

Yuan Zhou, Mingxing Chen, Zhipeng Tang, Ziao Mei. Urbanization, land use change, and carbon emissions: Quantitative assessments for city-level carbon emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 66 ():102701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuan Zhou; Mingxing Chen; Zhipeng Tang; Ziao Mei. 2021. "Urbanization, land use change, and carbon emissions: Quantitative assessments for city-level carbon emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region." Sustainable Cities and Society 66, no. : 102701.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Accurate and timely information on the “core urban-suburban-rural” (USR) spatial structure in a metropolitan region is significant for both the scientific and policy-making communities. However, USR is usually considered as a single land use type, such as an impervious area, rather than three combined subcategories in remote-sensing image retrieval, especially for suburban areas, which obscures the details of the urbanization process. In this paper, we propose a quantile approach to retrieve the structure of USR based on stable nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) and apply it in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (JJJ) of China from 1995 to 2013. The key parameters of the NTL threshold, which is the maximum change point of the NTL intensity at the USR boundary, used to retrieve the three subcategories of USR are automatically defined based on the quantile approach with three iterations. Then, the overall accuracy and consistency of the retrieval results are evaluated using the corresponding visual interpretation map from Landsat images with a 30 m resolution. Moreover, the influence of parameter uncertainty is compared by introducing the human settlement index (HSI). According to the time-series analysis of USR retrieval in this study, the JJJ experienced rapid urbanization from 1995 to 2013, with the core urban area expanding by 7098 km2 (average increase of 2.7 times), the suburban area expanding by 12,690 km2 (average increase of 2.8 times), and the rural area increasing by 4986 km2 (average increase of 0.38 times). The USR results retrieved based on the approach agree well with the validation of the visual interpretation map, with an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.904 and a kappa coefficient (KC) of 0.650 at the city level. The USR result with the HSI as the input shows that NTL is more suitable for USR structure retrieval as the NTL shows less uncertainty compared with other parameters such as the vegetation index (VI). This study proposes an improved quantile approach for USR mapping from NTL images on a regional scale, which will provide a useful method for urbanization dynamics analysis.

ACS Style

Yaohuan Huang; Chengbin Wu; Mingxing Chen; Jie Yang; Hongyan Ren. A Quantile Approach for Retrieving the “Core Urban-Suburban-Rural” (USR) Structure Based on Nighttime Light. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 4179 .

AMA Style

Yaohuan Huang, Chengbin Wu, Mingxing Chen, Jie Yang, Hongyan Ren. A Quantile Approach for Retrieving the “Core Urban-Suburban-Rural” (USR) Structure Based on Nighttime Light. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (24):4179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaohuan Huang; Chengbin Wu; Mingxing Chen; Jie Yang; Hongyan Ren. 2020. "A Quantile Approach for Retrieving the “Core Urban-Suburban-Rural” (USR) Structure Based on Nighttime Light." Remote Sensing 12, no. 24: 4179.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Global large-scale urbanization has a deep impact on climate change and has brought great challenges to sustainable development, especially in urban agglomerations. At present, there is still a lack of research on the quantitative assessment of the relationship between urban scale and urban expansion and the degree of the urban heat island (UHI) effect, as well as a discussion on mitigation and adaptation of the UHI effect from the perspective of planning. This paper analyzes the regional urbanization process, average surface temperature variation characteristics, surface urban heat island (SUHI), which reflects the intensity of UHI, and the relationship between urban expansion, urban scale, and the UHI in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration using multi-source analysis of data from 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. The results show that the UHI effect in the study area was significant. The average surface temperature of central areas was the highest, and decreased from central areas to suburbs in the order of central areas > expanding areas > rural residential areas. From the perspective of spatial distribution, in Beijing, the southern part of the study area, the junction of Tianjin, Langfang, and Cangzhou are areas with intense SUHI. The scale and pace of expansion of urban land in Beijing were more than in other cities, the influencing range of SUHI in Beijing increased obviously, and the SUHI of central areas was most intense. The results indicate that due to the larger urban scale of the BTH urban agglomeration, it will face a greater UHI effect. The UHI effect was also more significant in areas of dense distribution in cities within the urban agglomeration. Based on results and existing research, planning suggestions are proposed for central areas with regard to expanding urban areas and suburbs to alleviate the urban heat island effect and improve the resilience of cities to climate change.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuan Zhou; Maogui Hu; Yaliu Zhou. Influence of Urban Scale and Urban Expansion on the Urban Heat Island Effect in Metropolitan Areas: Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3491 .

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Yuan Zhou, Maogui Hu, Yaliu Zhou. Influence of Urban Scale and Urban Expansion on the Urban Heat Island Effect in Metropolitan Areas: Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (21):3491.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuan Zhou; Maogui Hu; Yaliu Zhou. 2020. "Influence of Urban Scale and Urban Expansion on the Urban Heat Island Effect in Metropolitan Areas: Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration." Remote Sensing 12, no. 21: 3491.

Article
Published: 04 August 2020
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Since the 20th century, global warming has become a major climate change problem, which significantly affects the sustainable development of the world, China holds the unenviable position of greatly contributing to global warming. Based on the data of 1728 national surface meteorological stations in China from 1959 to 2018, this paper explores the temporal and spatial evolution and non-stationary characteristics of surface temperature in 612 effective grids, and conducts an empirical analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration (BTHUA, YRDUA, PRDUA). Several key conclusions are reached: (1) The annual average surface temperature rose at wave type, with an increase of 0.995 ℃ and a warming rate of 0.166 ℃ per decade in China from 1959 to 2018-global warming has become increasingly serious in the last 30 years, the areas of highest warming are mainly concentrated in North, East, Northwest and Northeast China. (2) The surface air temperature has strong auto-correlation, the auto-correlation coefficients of 49.35%-96.08% grids have significant positive correlation at the level of 0.05 in 13 lag periods. (3) The auto-correlation coefficient of 96.08% grids annual average temperature lag 1 period exceeds the critical value of the significance level, the auto-correlation coefficient showed a gradual decreasing trend with increasing lag period, indicating the temperature data had non-stationary characteristics. (4) The surface temperature showed a wave-like upward trend in BTHUA, YRDUA and PRDUA from 1959 to 2018, with temperature increases of 1.124℃, 1.029℃and 1.048℃ respectively, the warming rates were 0.187℃, 0.171℃ and 0.175℃ per decade respectively.

ACS Style

Longwu LiangiD; Mingxing CheniD; Dapeng Huang. Spatiotemporal evolution and non-stationary characteristics of surface temperature in China from 1959 to 2018. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Longwu LiangiD, Mingxing CheniD, Dapeng Huang. Spatiotemporal evolution and non-stationary characteristics of surface temperature in China from 1959 to 2018. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Longwu LiangiD; Mingxing CheniD; Dapeng Huang. 2020. "Spatiotemporal evolution and non-stationary characteristics of surface temperature in China from 1959 to 2018." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2020 in The Innovation
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ACS Style

Ke Wei; Chaojun Ouyang; Hongtao Duan; Yunliang Li; Mingxing Chen; Jiao Ma; Huicong An; Shu Zhou. Reflections on the Catastrophic 2020 Yangtze River Basin Flooding in Southern China. The Innovation 2020, 1, 1 .

AMA Style

Ke Wei, Chaojun Ouyang, Hongtao Duan, Yunliang Li, Mingxing Chen, Jiao Ma, Huicong An, Shu Zhou. Reflections on the Catastrophic 2020 Yangtze River Basin Flooding in Southern China. The Innovation. 2020; 1 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ke Wei; Chaojun Ouyang; Hongtao Duan; Yunliang Li; Mingxing Chen; Jiao Ma; Huicong An; Shu Zhou. 2020. "Reflections on the Catastrophic 2020 Yangtze River Basin Flooding in Southern China." The Innovation 1, no. 2: 1.

Article
Published: 29 April 2020 in Journal of Geographical Sciences
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The concept of ‘Beautiful China’ is a new goal of ecological construction in the new era of socialism and aims to meet the needs of people as they strive for a better life. National land spatial planning is one major component of the Chinese state’s overall planning for various spatial types. The concept of ‘Beautiful China’ is thus a leading goal of Chinese development in the second centenary. The background of this concept aims for ‘ecological beauty’ as well as the combined beauty of ‘economy-politics-culture-society-ecology.’ The construction of ‘Beautiful China’ therefore necessitates a differentiated evaluation index system that is built on the basis of local conditions. This concept is intimately related to land spatial planning and the idea of Beautiful China guides an important direction for this planning which itself provides an important mechanism and spatial guarantee for construction. The establishment of land spatial planning nevertheless needs to strengthen further discussion of the regional system of human-land relationship, point axis system, main functional division, sustainable development, resources and environmental carrying capacity as well as new urbanization, and the rural multi-system. The aim of this paper is to summarize current thinking in land spatial planning, scientifically analyze the natural geographical conditions, the socioeconomic development, the interrelationship of the land space, plan the goal, vision and path of land space, encourage the public to participate in and carry out dynamic evaluation, build an intelligent system platform for land and spatial planning to realize the goal of ‘Beautiful China’ from a geographical perspective. And they can also present key ideas relating to the compilation and implementation of land spatial planning.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Longwu Liang; Zhenbo Wang; Wenzhong Zhang; Jianhui Yu; Yi Liang. Geographical thoughts on the relationship between ‘Beautiful China’ and land spatial planning. Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020, 30, 705 -723.

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Longwu Liang, Zhenbo Wang, Wenzhong Zhang, Jianhui Yu, Yi Liang. Geographical thoughts on the relationship between ‘Beautiful China’ and land spatial planning. Journal of Geographical Sciences. 2020; 30 (5):705-723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Longwu Liang; Zhenbo Wang; Wenzhong Zhang; Jianhui Yu; Yi Liang. 2020. "Geographical thoughts on the relationship between ‘Beautiful China’ and land spatial planning." Journal of Geographical Sciences 30, no. 5: 705-723.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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A range of environmental constraints including air pollution are now of widespread concern in China because of rapid urbanization. Here we explore the spatiotemporal evolution of population exposure to particulate matter with diameter not greater than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHU) at a fine spatial resolution based on grid data for population and PM2.5. Our analysis of available data leads to a number of conclusions, including that the majority of areas within the BTHU have been in an air condition with excessive PM2.5 concentrations for a long time. The PM2.5 concentrations within this agglomeration have fluctuated and increased over time while the spatial distribution of this variable is significantly agglomerated and regional, high values in the southeast but low values in the northwest. Second, analyses show that PM2.5 concentrations are especially high within the BTHU, most notably in metropolitan areas including Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang where population exposure risk is significant. Third, analyses show that the dominant role of PM2.5 concentrations in changing exposure intensities over time has gradually become less significant while urbanization and population migration have gradually exerted a higher degree of influence. The outcomes of this study provide new insights on pollution prevention in urban agglomerations in the future.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Shasha Guo; Maogui Hu; Xiaoping Zhang. The spatiotemporal evolution of population exposure to PM2.5 within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 265, 121708 .

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Shasha Guo, Maogui Hu, Xiaoping Zhang. The spatiotemporal evolution of population exposure to PM2.5 within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 265 ():121708.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Shasha Guo; Maogui Hu; Xiaoping Zhang. 2020. "The spatiotemporal evolution of population exposure to PM2.5 within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, China." Journal of Cleaner Production 265, no. : 121708.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2019 in Sustainability
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The rise of China has had a profound impact on the world and regional political and economic pattern since the reform and opening-up. This paper studies the impact of China’s development on the evolution of the surrounding geo-pattern from the perspective of geoeconomics. Based on the sensitivity and vulnerability of asymmetric interdependence, trade and investment indicators are selected to construct a quantitative model to measure the relative economic dependence between China and neighboring countries. This paper analyzes the degree, types and trends of relative economic dependence and the relationship between economic interdependence and political relations, and investigates the surrounding geoeconomic cooperation. The results are shown as follows: (1) Since 2010, all neighboring countries have had relative economic dependence on China. China’s geoeconomic position in the surrounding area has radically transformed. (2) Since the reform and opening-up, the relative economic dependence of neighboring countries on China has been rising, from negative to positive and from low to high. After 2003, the types of relative economic dependence have gradually shifted from dual low and trade-compensative dependence to dual high and trade-oriented dependence. (3) Trade was the dominant factor in the relative economic dependence of most neighboring countries on China, and it was also the main factor contributing to China’s economic advantages over great powers in the neighborhood. The majority of neighboring countries’ investment dependence on China increased faster than their trade dependence, and the growth of their relative economic dependence will gradually turn to investment in the future. (4) The improvement of political relations between China and neighboring countries provides a foundation for the development of economic relations, and economic relations have the “inertia” of resisting political risks. The deepening of economic ties is conducive to friendly and stable political relations. (5) China’s peripheral geoeconomic strategy focuses on cooperation rather than competition. One of the goals of geoeconomics is the pursuit of joint economic benefits.

ACS Style

Yi Liang; Mingxing Chen; Dadao Lu; Zijin Ding; Zhi Zheng. The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2168 .

AMA Style

Yi Liang, Mingxing Chen, Dadao Lu, Zijin Ding, Zhi Zheng. The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (7):2168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi Liang; Mingxing Chen; Dadao Lu; Zijin Ding; Zhi Zheng. 2019. "The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up." Sustainability 11, no. 7: 2168.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2019 in Habitat International
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Urbanization and poverty reduction are two vital aspects for global sustainable and healthy development. In the future, the countries along the Belt and Road will play a more important role in global urbanization and poverty reduction. Therefore, this paper aims at elaborating the characteristics and patterns of urbanization and poverty reduction in these countries using data from 1996 to 2016. The results indicate that the average urbanization level is 48% in 2016 and the average annual growth rate of these countries is 0.61 percentage points between 1996 and 2016. In addition, West Asian and Middle Eastern countries have a higher level of urbanization, while ultra-high-speed and high-speed development countries are primarily Southeast Asian countries and China. Furthermore, these countries differentiate significantly in terms of spatial distribution of population density. Regions with a population density of 0–1 person per square kilometer account for 33% of the total area and 0.09% of the total population, while regions with a population density of over 1000 people per square kilometer account for 1.45% of the total area and 39.56% of the total population. Moreover, using mathematical morphology methods, we identify the 10 regions with the largest urban land areas among these countries, and seven regions are located in China and Southeast Asia. Finally, the population living in extreme poverty in these countries dropped from 1.17 billion to 355.6 million during the 20-year period, and several countries, such as China, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia, Bangladesh, and Mongolia, have made tremendous progress both in urbanization and poverty reduction. These findings are beneficial for comprehending urban development and poverty reduction in the countries along the Belt and Road as well as for providing references for regional cooperation.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuwen Sui; Weidong Liu; Hui Liu; Yaohuan Huang. Urbanization patterns and poverty reduction: A new perspective to explore the countries along the Belt and Road. Habitat International 2019, 84, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Yuwen Sui, Weidong Liu, Hui Liu, Yaohuan Huang. Urbanization patterns and poverty reduction: A new perspective to explore the countries along the Belt and Road. Habitat International. 2019; 84 ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Yuwen Sui; Weidong Liu; Hui Liu; Yaohuan Huang. 2019. "Urbanization patterns and poverty reduction: A new perspective to explore the countries along the Belt and Road." Habitat International 84, no. : 1-14.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2018 in Habitat International
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Regional collaborative development mainly emphasizes the relationship and degree of connection between cities. Linkages among cities are more complex and diversified in the age of globalization, so that regional economic collaborative development has become even more important than ever. Domestic and foreign competition must be dealt with to enhance the comprehensive strengths of urban agglomeration. This study takes the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as a representative case to analyze and evaluate the economic synergistic development capacities of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA). Location quotients and industrial structure similarity coefficients show that cities with high levels of economic development provide advantages for secondary and tertiary industries, while cities with relatively low economic development levels provide clearer advantages for primary industries. Regarding the movement of the economic barycenter from 2001 to 2016, the overall directional trend was towards the northwest cities. The strength of economic linkages between cities is closely related to distance, population, and levels of economic development. The degree of economic development directly affects the capacity of collaborative development among cities, which then influences the extent of regional collaborative development.

ACS Style

Chao Ye; Jiajia Zhu; Simeng Li; Shan Yang; Mingxing Chen. Assessment and analysis of regional economic collaborative development within an urban agglomeration: Yangtze River Delta as a case study. Habitat International 2018, 83, 20 -29.

AMA Style

Chao Ye, Jiajia Zhu, Simeng Li, Shan Yang, Mingxing Chen. Assessment and analysis of regional economic collaborative development within an urban agglomeration: Yangtze River Delta as a case study. Habitat International. 2018; 83 ():20-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chao Ye; Jiajia Zhu; Simeng Li; Shan Yang; Mingxing Chen. 2018. "Assessment and analysis of regional economic collaborative development within an urban agglomeration: Yangtze River Delta as a case study." Habitat International 83, no. : 20-29.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Uneven spatial distribution of population and human activity still remain an inevitable problem for China's urbanization strategy and regional policies. The geographical detector technique was employed to re-investigated “Hu Line”, an important population dividing line in China, and impact factors of population distribution from 1953 to 2010. Different from traditional views, we believe that rapid population concentration driven by social and economic factors leads to increasing similar spatial patterns between two sides of the “Hu Line”. This trend offers a chance to realize a more balanced development by focusing on small-scale population concentration areas such as urban agglomerations. However, due to fundamental influence of some natural factors, gap among large-scale regions hard to be eliminated in China.

ACS Style

Jiaming Li; Chengdong Xu; Mingxing Chen; Wei Sun. Balanced development: Nature environment and economic and social power in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 210, 181 -189.

AMA Style

Jiaming Li, Chengdong Xu, Mingxing Chen, Wei Sun. Balanced development: Nature environment and economic and social power in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 210 ():181-189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaming Li; Chengdong Xu; Mingxing Chen; Wei Sun. 2018. "Balanced development: Nature environment and economic and social power in China." Journal of Cleaner Production 210, no. : 181-189.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2018 in Land Use Policy
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Since 2014, the Chinese government has initiatednew-type urbanization under the guidance of ‘the National New-type Urbanization Plan (2014–2020)’, which embarks on a significant transformation of the model of urbanization in post-reform China. To understand the origin and outputs of this policy, this article demonstrates the context of China’s new-type urbanization. The paper proposes a conceptual framework of new-type urbanization, which mainly includes four aspects: humanism, people-oriented urbanization; inclusivism, benefits sharing for urban and rural; sustainability, development without sacrifice of resources and environment; and harmonism, coordination. This is followed by an examination of the case of Anhui province, as a pilot province of China’s new-type urbanization. Anhui has performed a lot of related work to promote citizenization of peasant workers and has made great progress on the reform of the household registration system. The study found that despite a special emphasis on people-oriented urbanization, the pressures and costs of citizenization of peasant workers are growing fast, accompanied by rising housing prices in cities. This insight suggests there are benefits and costs of promoting China’s new-type urbanization. Despite the advantages of institutional innovation, the unexpected side effects such as rapid rising housing prices actually undermine the success of plan implementation.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Yinghua Gong; Dadao Lu; Chao Ye. Build a people-oriented urbanization: China’s new-type urbanization dream and Anhui model. Land Use Policy 2018, 80, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Yinghua Gong, Dadao Lu, Chao Ye. Build a people-oriented urbanization: China’s new-type urbanization dream and Anhui model. Land Use Policy. 2018; 80 ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Yinghua Gong; Dadao Lu; Chao Ye. 2018. "Build a people-oriented urbanization: China’s new-type urbanization dream and Anhui model." Land Use Policy 80, no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Journal of Climate
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Global changes, such as human activities and climate change, increase the odds of worsening drought. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite provides an opportunity to monitor drought levels by the total amount of water, instead of using a small finite set of water cycle elements or indirect indicators. The potential gap lies in the insufficient size of the GRACE record. The database does not meet the requirements of a stationary annual cycle calculated over a relatively long period as recommended by the IPCC, and the disturbance from long-term global changes is often not considered. In this work, a GRACE-based modulated water deficit (GRACE-MWD) process for drought monitoring under the modulated annual cycle (MAC) reference frame in southwest China was proposed. GRACE-MWD achieved a higher ratio of agreement with the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index at a time scale of 3 months (SPEI03): it ranged from 0.48 to 0.84, while the GRACE-based drought severity index (GRACE-DSI) ranged from 0.48 to 0.68. Compared with remote sensing datasets widely used in drought monitoring, GRACE-MWD data are less affected by seasonality from land-cover categories, which benefit from the MAC reference frame. The ratio-of-agreement metric for the study area showed that GRACE-MWD had a time scale between 7 and 11 months in reference to SPEI and the standardized precipitation index (SPI). The stability of the MAC reference frame to GRACE-MWD was further discussed when GRACE records were extended and was more stable than that of the stationary annual cycle. GRACE-MWD meets global changes via an adaptive reference frame, which is worthy of generalizing to global applications.

ACS Style

Chuanpeng Zhao; Yaohuan Huang; Zhonghua Li; Mingxing Chen. Drought Monitoring of Southwestern China Using Insufficient GRACE Data for the Long-Term Mean Reference Frame under Global Change. Journal of Climate 2018, 31, 6897 -6911.

AMA Style

Chuanpeng Zhao, Yaohuan Huang, Zhonghua Li, Mingxing Chen. Drought Monitoring of Southwestern China Using Insufficient GRACE Data for the Long-Term Mean Reference Frame under Global Change. Journal of Climate. 2018; 31 (17):6897-6911.

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Chuanpeng Zhao; Yaohuan Huang; Zhonghua Li; Mingxing Chen. 2018. "Drought Monitoring of Southwestern China Using Insufficient GRACE Data for the Long-Term Mean Reference Frame under Global Change." Journal of Climate 31, no. 17: 6897-6911.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2018 in Cities
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The demand to measure the progress of China's new-type urbanization construction appears to be increasing due to its profound impact on both China and global sustainable urbanization. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the progress since the issuance of the National New-type Urbanization Plan (NUP) in March 2014, and it is unclear how to assess the comprehensive new-type urbanization construction, which has multiple dimensions and various themes. To close this gap, a new three-stage framework is proposed. This article outlines and classifies the up-to-date policies and actions since the release of the NUP and provides a preliminary assessment of China's new-type urbanization construction from the aspects of population urbanization, land urbanization, economic urbanization and comprehensiveness. The results show that China unfolded a very comprehensive top-down campaign of new-type urbanization construction. The strict urban-rural dual household registration system has started to be changed into a residence permit system. However, the implementation of the NUP is also facing many challenges. The most important thing is that the bottom-up factors should be more emphasized and combined with top-down factors in future plan implementations. This is to say, peasant-workers will need to be taken into proper consideration. People-oriented new-type urbanization should position peasant-workers at the center. Also, China’s transformation of new-type urbanization is comprehensive, complex, dynamic, and long term. It should not be expected that this transformation will be completed during the short six-year planning period.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Weidong Liu; Dadao Lu; Hao Chen; Chao Ye. Progress of China's new-type urbanization construction since 2014: A preliminary assessment. Cities 2018, 78, 180 -193.

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Weidong Liu, Dadao Lu, Hao Chen, Chao Ye. Progress of China's new-type urbanization construction since 2014: A preliminary assessment. Cities. 2018; 78 ():180-193.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Weidong Liu; Dadao Lu; Hao Chen; Chao Ye. 2018. "Progress of China's new-type urbanization construction since 2014: A preliminary assessment." Cities 78, no. : 180-193.

Chapter
Published: 01 January 2018 in E-Planning and Collaboration
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In recent years, fast demographic transition, urbanizationand socio-economic development in China draws attention of the world. The reproduction type of Chinese population has changed from “high rate of birth, high rate of death, and low rate of natural growth” to “low rate of birth, low rate of death, and low rate of natural growth”, which promotes the population transition, bringing the problems of aging of population. In China, the scale of aged population is large, and its developing speed is fast. Along with the increasing of aged population in China, the advantage of labor quantity in China is challenged. China regards new urbanization as the important work content of state in the future for a long time, providing a large opportunity for the study in the field of urbanization. For China, new urbanization plan is just a beginning. The sustainable development of Chinese population and urbanization has important meaning in the world.

ACS Style

Mingxing Chen; Hua Zhang; Yinghua Gong. China's Population Aging and New Urbanization. E-Planning and Collaboration 2018, 382 -400.

AMA Style

Mingxing Chen, Hua Zhang, Yinghua Gong. China's Population Aging and New Urbanization. E-Planning and Collaboration. 2018; ():382-400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingxing Chen; Hua Zhang; Yinghua Gong. 2018. "China's Population Aging and New Urbanization." E-Planning and Collaboration , no. : 382-400.