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Prof. Alina Badulescu
University of Oradea

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Short Biography

Professor Alina Badulescu is profesoor at the Department of Economics and Business & Doctoral School of Economic Sciences, University of Oradea - Romania. She is currently serving as dean of the Faculty of Economic Sciences. Her research interests include business economics, entrepreneurship, tourism economics, sustainability and environment studies etc. She acts as editorial board member and/or reviewer for numerous high ranked journals, including MDPI journals.

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Journal article
Published: 26 July 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent years have witnessed continuous rise in adopting green innovations which is considered as an important organizational instrument to achieve profits by reducing environmental deterioration. However, green innovation in developing countries, especially in Pakistan, is surprisingly scant as compared to developed countries. This paper empirically investigated obstacles to green innovations in Pakistani manufacturing firms. Specifically, a novel three phase methodological framework was applied to investigate significant barriers and filtration by integrating Delphi method (DM), interpretive structural modeling (ISM), and cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC). Our results highlighted that lack of enforceable laws regarding returned goods and recycled products, lack of rules and regulations for green practices, and lack of collaboration with government and environmental institutions are most critical barriers. However, fear of failure about green innovation is least important barriers to green innovations adoption. This study offers interesting clues to promote green innovation in manufacturing industry.

ACS Style

Sajid Ullah; Naveed Ahmad; Farman Khan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7885 .

AMA Style

Sajid Ullah, Naveed Ahmad, Farman Khan, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu. Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (15):7885.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sajid Ullah; Naveed Ahmad; Farman Khan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 7885.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences
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For the development of a dynamic and innovative small and medium enterprises (SME) sector is widely recognized in economic theory and practice. Entrepreneurship do not only contribute to productivity improvements, but it could also help finding practical solutions to social and environmental challenges, climate change, global economic or health crises. However, despite this widespread recognition, entrepreneurship relatively recently becomes a concern for the decision-makers’, and in many cases the support measures are partial, difficult to understand and access, marked by bureaucracy and over-regulation, even in developed countries. Therefore, the active involvement of policy makers, the contribution of public or private support structures, education, public awareness of the benefits of entrepreneurship and small and medium-sized businesses are essential. Building policies and strategies to support entrepreneurship starts from objective characteristics, but it must be adapted to the specific conditions of each country, the profile, size and structure of the business sector in that country (or region) in order to enhance its contribution to development goals. In our article we state that public policies for entrepreneurship must find a balance between stimulating the new firms’ creation, the size of existing ones and the impetus given to the sub-sector of dynamic, innovative companies, high growth-oriented. In the case of the developed countries analysed here, characterized by opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, the objectives of public policies to support entrepreneurship and SMEs should not excessively focus on setting up new companies. Rather, they must insist on creating a business-friendly environment and promoting an entrepreneurial culture, on the efficient functioning of support structures and networks, on encouraging the establishment and development of companies based on high knowledge, on strengthening and growth of the existing SMEs. Keywords: entrepreneurship; SMEs; public policy support, EU.

ACS Style

Dragos Dianu; Monica (Cenan) Ciuco; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR? The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 2021, 30, 39 -44.

AMA Style

Dragos Dianu, Monica (Cenan) Ciuco, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu. PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR? The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences. 2021; 30 (30 (1)):39-44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dragos Dianu; Monica (Cenan) Ciuco; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR?" The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no. 30 (1): 39-44.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Sustainability
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When addressing the ever-increasing role that social media plays in generating a clear image of the travel destination chosen by tourists, the research and specialty literature tends to be rather limited. Despite an increase in social media-generated content, the process is not yet fully understood, although research suggests the importance of two different factors (i.e., tour-operator-generated content and user-generated content) in influencing destination image formation. In this regard, the present paper aims to examine the most significant factors currently affecting the potential behavior of travelers towards the selection of sustainable destinations. What is more, another purpose of this paper is to explore the effects that tour-operator-generated content and user-generated content have upon the formation of the overall mediating destination image through cognitive and affective destination images. For the current analysis, a structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used in order to test the conceptual model. Data from Shanghai, China (n = 425) were used. The results demonstrate and establish that travel information sources (i.e., tour-operator-generated content and user-generated content) have a positive effect on destination image formation. The analytical results also revealed that in order to select a sustainable destination, travelers are influenced by tour-operator-generated content, as well as by user-generated content, with the effect of the latter being more important and influential. Travelers’ use of social media content has played a key role in the formation of the overall destination image through the mediating effect of cognitive and affective destination images. This research thus provides valuable theoretical and practical implications for academics and practitioners alike, implications which are valuable for the fields of destination marketing and management. Furthermore, practitioners of the management of sustainable destinations can thus make use of the results throughout the entire decision-making process.

ACS Style

Mohammad Sultan; Farzana Sharmin; Alina Badulescu; Darie Gavrilut; Ke Xue. Social Media-Based Content towards Image Formation: A New Approach to the Selection of Sustainable Destinations. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4241 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Sultan, Farzana Sharmin, Alina Badulescu, Darie Gavrilut, Ke Xue. Social Media-Based Content towards Image Formation: A New Approach to the Selection of Sustainable Destinations. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4241.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Sultan; Farzana Sharmin; Alina Badulescu; Darie Gavrilut; Ke Xue. 2021. "Social Media-Based Content towards Image Formation: A New Approach to the Selection of Sustainable Destinations." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4241.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites
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Tourism, entrepreneurship, and sustainability have been under the examination of this study, as we tried to map out the knowledge base yielded between the 1995 and 2020 timeframe. Bibliometric methods were employed in the analysis of articles. After analyzing the available articles, 322 articles concerning tourism and entrepreneurship, from which 14 articles on entrepreneurship and sustainable tourism were obtained. Further steps were made into refining the findings as we looked into which research streams related to sustainable tourism entrepreneurship have been in the spotlight.

ACS Style

Diana Teodora Trip; Carmen Florina Fagadar; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND TOURISM THROUGH THE LENS OF SUSTAINABILITY. CHARTING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE THROUGH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 2021, 34, 140 -146.

AMA Style

Diana Teodora Trip, Carmen Florina Fagadar, Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND TOURISM THROUGH THE LENS OF SUSTAINABILITY. CHARTING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE THROUGH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites. 2021; 34 (1):140-146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diana Teodora Trip; Carmen Florina Fagadar; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu. 2021. "ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND TOURISM THROUGH THE LENS OF SUSTAINABILITY. CHARTING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE THROUGH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 34, no. 1: 140-146.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The growth of technological revolutions and the subsequent acceptance of smart devices has increased the influence of sustainable marketing activities in the tourism industry. Due to the explosion of mobile technologies (e.g., smartphones, tablets) and social media adoption, consumers have been able to use these technologies at any time for destination marketing. However, understanding consumers’ sustainable marketing experiences from a destination perspective is a complex issue. At the moment, very few studies have focused on the effectiveness of smartphone-based social media in destination marketing. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to explore how consumers interpret and utilize smartphone-based social media for sustainable destination marketing. This study proposes an integrated framework that consists of the mobile technology acceptance model (MTAM) and the social media-based interaction, trendiness, and electronic-word-of-mouth (e-WoM). A questionnaire survey was used to collect data (n = 365), and valid data were analyzed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The findings revealed that interaction, trendiness, and e-WoM indirectly affected satisfaction through mobile usefulness and mobile ease of use. At the same time, mobile usefulness and mobile ease of use directly affected satisfaction, which then significantly influenced the intention to utilize those factors towards sustainable destination marketing. This study highlights the technological affordances and the satisfaction of smartphone-based social media in sustainable marketing. Furthermore, the results can be used in the resource allocation process to ensure the success of the vision and mission of sustainable destination marketing efforts.

ACS Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Sultan; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Afrodita Borma; Benqian Li. Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2308 .

AMA Style

Farzana Sharmin, Mohammad Sultan, Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Afrodita Borma, Benqian Li. Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Sultan; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Afrodita Borma; Benqian Li. 2021. "Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2308.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The main purpose of the current study is to investigate if tourism affects economic growth of China. The data set has been acquired from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, and the time span of the data set takes into account a 20-year time period, from 2000 to 2019. To determine the strength of the above-mentioned relationship previous models that have been used for this research are mainly VAR (vector auto-regression) and VECM (vector error correction) models. The VAR and VECM models have been conducted together with the Granger causality test. The internal revenue generated from tourism-related activities is taken as being the main indicator for the tourism industry, while economic growth is determined by GDP (gross domestic product). We support the above-mentioned notion, as we found that a strong relationship exists between the development of the tourism industry and economic growth. Moreover, our analysis also indicates that this industry has a major impact on long-term economic growth in the region as well. This study thus provides further support to the existing literature on the topic of tourism and the impact that tourism-related activities have upon economic development and growth. The existence and the impact of tourism-related activities upon long-term economic growth were confirmed by the results of the VAR models. At the same time, the unidirectional results of VECM models have confirmed the existence of economic growth in the short term. In our case, the cardinal relationship between the development of the tourism industry and the economic growth in the Beijing region of China have managed to provide strong empirical support to the earlier stated notions and to the literature alike.

ACS Style

Yong Su; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Sarminah Samad. Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1349 .

AMA Style

Yong Su, Jacob Cherian, Muhammad Sial, Alina Badulescu, Phung Thu, Daniel Badulescu, Sarminah Samad. Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yong Su; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Sarminah Samad. 2021. "Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1349.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Energies
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between renewable energy sources and economic growth of the South Asian Association for regional cooperation (SAARC) countries. This study uses three main renewable energy sources, namely geothermal, hydro, and wind.This study collects data set from SAARC countries from 1995 to 2018 and applies a fixed effect test and panel vector error correction model (PVECM) for data analysis. The overall results show that all three renewable energy sources have a positive significant impact on economic development among SAARC countries’ economies. Moreover, hydropower renewable energy has more effects and influences on economic growth as compared to the other two individual sources of renewable energy.

ACS Style

Qiucheng Li; Jacob Cherian; Malik Shahzad Shabbir; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Jing Li; Ioana Mester; Alina Badulescu. Exploring the Relationship between Renewable Energy Sources and Economic Growth. The Case of SAARC Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 520 .

AMA Style

Qiucheng Li, Jacob Cherian, Malik Shahzad Shabbir, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Jing Li, Ioana Mester, Alina Badulescu. Exploring the Relationship between Renewable Energy Sources and Economic Growth. The Case of SAARC Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (3):520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiucheng Li; Jacob Cherian; Malik Shahzad Shabbir; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Jing Li; Ioana Mester; Alina Badulescu. 2021. "Exploring the Relationship between Renewable Energy Sources and Economic Growth. The Case of SAARC Countries." Energies 14, no. 3: 520.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The topic of corporate social responsibility (henceforth referred to as CSR) has been a central topic during the last decade, but the majority of the existing literature discusses CSR relationship with large organizations. Whereas, its contribution in small and medium enterprises (henceforth referred to as SME) sector has received little attention. There have been some studies that focused on CSR activities in SME sector quantitatively in the context of developing economies like Pakistan, but the fact is, to date, SME sector of Pakistan is not participating actively in CSR-related activities due to some constraints. The present study is a pioneer attempt, to explore CSR barriers that restrict SME sector of Pakistan from practicing CSR initiatives. For this reason, the present study explores these barriers qualitatively in order to gain in-depth knowledge of different CSR barriers. In doing so, we conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews from 9 SMEs in Lahore city of Pakistan. We performed thematic analysis, which produced five relevant themes of CSR barriers, including: Lack of resources, lack of regulations, lack of top management commitment, lack of CSR knowledge, and passive customer behavior. Our analysis further showed that lack of resources is the most related barrier that hinder SMEs to be engaged in CSR activities. This paper contributes to CSR literature in emerging economies’ context. Through an increased awareness of barriers, policy makers and practitioners may take necessary steps to improve CSR practices in SMEs.

ACS Style

Zengming Zou; Yu Liu; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 952 .

AMA Style

Zengming Zou, Yu Liu, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Sial, Alina Badulescu, Malik Zia-Ud-Din, Daniel Badulescu. What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):952.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zengming Zou; Yu Liu; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 952.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Sustainability
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There has been increasing interest in coastal tourism, sparking a debate on the responsible environmental behavior of travelers visiting sustainable destinations. To mitigate this issue, destination marketing organizations (DMOs) and environmental activists are trying to develop strategic approaches (i.e., by using digital technologies) to enhance the sustainable behavior of travelers. Environmental responsiveness and its impact on sustainable destinations is gaining attention by companies, scholars, and institutions. However, the relevant literature has not addressed social media user-generated content regarding sustainable destinations. Sharing stakeholder knowledge, activities, and experience on social media could accomplish this goal. Hence, this paper aims to explore travelers′ responsible environmental behavior towards coastal tourism within the social media user-generated content paradigm. To measure the effect of user-generated content (UGC), i.e., cognitive triggers and affective triggers, on the responsible environmental behavior of travelers, a survey questionnaire was used to collect data (n = 506) from the world’s longest sandy sea beach, Cox’s Bazar, located in the Southern part of Bangladesh. The data were examined by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results revealed that cognitive and affective triggers of user-generated content influence travelers’ environmental concerns and attitudes, making a significant contribution to shaping responsible environmental behavior. Additionally, the findings show that environmental concerns and attitudes play a significant role in producing commitment towards a sustainable coastal tourism practice. This study contributes to the effectiveness of user-generated content for persuasive interactions with destination marketing organizations to develop sustainable tourism practices.

ACS Style

Mohammad Sultan; Farzana Sharmin; Alina Badulescu; Elena Stiubea; Ke Xue. Travelers’ Responsible Environmental Behavior towards Sustainable Coastal Tourism: An Empirical Investigation on Social Media User-Generated Content. Sustainability 2020, 13, 56 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Sultan, Farzana Sharmin, Alina Badulescu, Elena Stiubea, Ke Xue. Travelers’ Responsible Environmental Behavior towards Sustainable Coastal Tourism: An Empirical Investigation on Social Media User-Generated Content. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Sultan; Farzana Sharmin; Alina Badulescu; Elena Stiubea; Ke Xue. 2020. "Travelers’ Responsible Environmental Behavior towards Sustainable Coastal Tourism: An Empirical Investigation on Social Media User-Generated Content." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 56.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Our paper provides a valuable contribution by exploring the following complex phenomenon: Do board gender diversity and reputational incentives of non-executive directors affect corporate social responsibility(CSR) reporting? To this end, we use panel data regression (fixed effect) to examine the above relationship by using data from the 2009 to 2019 timeperiod, by using data from non-financial firms listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. To deal with the possibility of an endogeneity problem, we have used the two-stage least square (2SLS) regression model. Our empirical results suggest that board gender diversity positively affects CSR reporting. Our study has found that the reputational incentives of non-executive directors improve the CSR reporting. Furthermore, reputational incentives of non-executive directors (NEDs) and CSR reporting are moderated by firm size, this effect being stronger for large firms. Our findings also show that the firm size positively moderates the relationship between gender diversity in boards and CSR reporting. The control variables, namely board size, board member average tenure, leverage, “big 4” and return on assets, have an impact on the firm’s CSR reporting. Therefore, our results contribute towards new aspects in respect to the emerging literature concerning the system of non-executive directors, protection of stakeholder’s interests, and CSR reporting, especially as regards China. Furthermore, our results are robust as concerns alternative measures of variables under consideration.

ACS Style

Cheng Guping; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Peng Wan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Talles Vianna Brugni. Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8597 .

AMA Style

Cheng Guping, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Peng Wan, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu, Talles Vianna Brugni. Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheng Guping; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Peng Wan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Talles Vianna Brugni. 2020. "Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8597.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2020 in Sustainability
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In the last few years, natural protected areas have been facing great challenges and degradation around the world. Among this, environmental sustainability has become a priority to create harmony between tourists and nature. Tourists visiting protected areas are becoming progressively more concerned regarding the environment. Moreover, the United Nations (UN) “Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)” have highlighted the potential role of young tourists to contribute to sustainable tourism. However, very few studies have focused on tourists’ environmentally sustainable behavior towards natural protected areas. To fill the existing gap in the literature, this study aims to provide a theoretical framework that includes environmental sustainability awareness (ESA) in measuring millennial tourists’ environmentally sustainable behavior (ESB). Thus, this study delivers an integrated approach based on the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory and the concept of the new ecological paradigm (NEP) towards protected areas. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from one of the protected areas located in the north of Sichuan province of China, and 511 responses were obtained for statistical analysis. Results of the structural statistical analysis showed that the unified model includes a satisfactory level of predictive power for tourists’ ESB, which was superior to existing theories and concepts. The findings also revealed that all proposed relationships of the variables were significant and identified the positive influence of environmental sustainability awareness in generating the ESB. This study contributes towards sustainable tourism development and the conservation of protected areas, with several practical implications for local authorities in terms of millennial participation.

ACS Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Tipu Sultan; Alina Badulescu; Dorin Paul Bac; Benqian Li. Millennial Tourists’ Environmentally Sustainable Behavior Towards a Natural Protected Area: An Integrative Framework. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8545 .

AMA Style

Farzana Sharmin, Mohammad Tipu Sultan, Alina Badulescu, Dorin Paul Bac, Benqian Li. Millennial Tourists’ Environmentally Sustainable Behavior Towards a Natural Protected Area: An Integrative Framework. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8545.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Tipu Sultan; Alina Badulescu; Dorin Paul Bac; Benqian Li. 2020. "Millennial Tourists’ Environmentally Sustainable Behavior Towards a Natural Protected Area: An Integrative Framework." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8545.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2020 in Sustainability
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The present research is conducted on the Chinese corporate sector and raises the basic questions associated with the adoption and implementation of corporate disclosure practices such as SDGs. The sample for this research consisted of 100 Chinese companies, which are listed in the Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. For this purpose, content analysis is developed. More specifically, a quantitative approach is applied to quantify and identify certain contents or words in the given text. Our results show that Chinese companies seem to be more focused on certain aspects of the UN SDGs at the cost of others, but the overall situation is, at best, not encouraging. The focus of attention of Chinese companies seems to be infrastructure development, industrial innovation, and economic growth, along with the provision of a dignified and respectable working environment, affordable and clean energy, and peace, justice, and strong institutions. The results can be used as guidelines by Chinese companies to determine the actual presence or absence of SDGs implementation inside the process of value creation as an integral part of their practices about corporate disclosure. The main contribution of this research relates to the analysis of the adoption and implementation efforts to report SDGs and the contribution of such reporting towards the fulfillment of the UN Agenda 2030. This can be of interest to researchers working on the given topic. It is of utmost importance for government policymakers and corporate decision-makers, who want to support companies that are contributing towards the achievement and adaptation of SDGs as part of their overall objectives.

ACS Style

Siming Yu; Muhammad Sial; Dang Tran; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Mariana Sehleanu. Adoption and Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in China—Agenda 2030. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6288 .

AMA Style

Siming Yu, Muhammad Sial, Dang Tran, Alina Badulescu, Phung Thu, Mariana Sehleanu. Adoption and Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in China—Agenda 2030. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):6288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siming Yu; Muhammad Sial; Dang Tran; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Mariana Sehleanu. 2020. "Adoption and Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in China—Agenda 2030." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 6288.

Conference paper
Published: 12 June 2020 in Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology
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The challenges of the knowledge-based economy, entrepreneurship, and the digital world determine radical changes, not only to the teaching of younger generations but also in the education of teachers. Numerous (EU or otherwise) studies highlight the fact that, despite ample political and managerial rhetoric, entrepreneurial abilities, and values, are rarely implemented in teacher training programs. Beyond a novel and change-inducing aspect, the challenge of teaching entrepreneurship is not only an issue of acquiring knowledge on launching and managing a business but rather of developing attitudes and abilities required to act in an entrepreneurial manner. Promoting creative and innovative approaches to learning, encouraging experimentation, and coping with failure (traits which broadly describe the entrepreneurial profile) are slowly integrated into entrepreneurial education. In spite of significant differences between countries, most teachers consider that they require support in their initial education, continuing professional development, and day-to-day activity to perform in the field. In this paper, we present the results of a survey-based research, conducted among high school teachers acting in three counties in northwestern Romania, on the efficiency of teaching entrepreneurship in high school courses, understanding and applying modern educational methods, the involvement of educators in stimulating youths’ interest in economic mechanisms and developing entrepreneurial abilities, such as identifying and exploiting business opportunities, thus outlining a (partial) snapshot of the understanding of the requirements, resources, and realities of entrepreneurial and economic education of its importance in the economic and social development of Romania.

ACS Style

Alina Bădulescu; Daniel Bădulescu; Csaba Csintalan; Ramona Simuț. Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators? Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology 2020, 51 -67.

AMA Style

Alina Bădulescu, Daniel Bădulescu, Csaba Csintalan, Ramona Simuț. Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators? Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology. 2020; ():51-67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alina Bădulescu; Daniel Bădulescu; Csaba Csintalan; Ramona Simuț. 2020. "Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators?" Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology , no. : 51-67.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2020 in Technological and Economic Development of Economy
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The development of tourism is usually associated, in positive terms, with economic development, foreign currency inflows, employment opportunities, infrastructure improvements, sustainable development and poverty alleviation. However, the nature of the tourism-growth relationship is still a matter of academic debate, and, perhaps, an expression of the inconsistencies and contradictions of public policies designed to support this industry. Researchers and practitioners have not yet come to an agreement on a number of fundamental questions: does tourism stimulate economic growth or the converse, and whether the causality, if it does exist, is uni or bidirectional, is constant or can change its direction in the medium - or long run. The present paper investigates the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and international tourism in Romania, over the 1995–2016 period. Our results show that the causal effect of the GDP on the international tourist arrivals and on the international tourism receipts is significant in the long run in Romania. In the short-run, we find a unidirectional causal relationship from the international tourism receipts to GDP, and a bidirectional causal relationship between GDP and the number of international tourist arrivals.

ACS Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Simona Dzitac. TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2020, 26, 867 -884.

AMA Style

Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Simona Dzitac. TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2020; 26 (4):867-884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Simona Dzitac. 2020. "TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 4: 867-884.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Oradea Journal of Business and Economics
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The decisive role of the knowledge-based economy, and the importance of the ventures fostering the use of innovation and incorporating knowledge, high technology and creativity are nowadays worldwide recognised, even more so considering that the EU is in a permanent search for innovation as a source of and for competitiveness. Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are expected to play a key role in the knowledge-based economy as a source of innovation and knowledge in production, dynamic hubs in knowledge-related networks, or intermediaries of innovation between the manufacturing sector and suppliers, partners and final consumers. Within this context, in the present paper we aim to investigate the complex relation between the knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) and the imperative of fostering the economic activity, both of the entrepreneurial dynamics and their macroeconomic effects. The analysis, performed at EU level, leads to interesting results, revealing a complex but contradictory relation between KIBS and economic activity, which is measured by the following main indicators: entrepreneurial density and macroeconomic dynamics.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Sebastian Sipos-Gug; Anamaria Diana Herte; Darie Gavrilut. KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2020, 5, 72 -85.

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Sebastian Sipos-Gug, Anamaria Diana Herte, Darie Gavrilut. KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics. 2020; 5 (1):72-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Sebastian Sipos-Gug; Anamaria Diana Herte; Darie Gavrilut. 2020. "KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 5, no. 1: 72-85.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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National and global health policies are increasingly recognizing the key role of the environment in human health development, which is related to its economic and social determinants, such as income level, technical progress, education, quality of jobs, inequality, education or lifestyle. Research has shown that the increase of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) per capita can provide additional funds for health but also for environmental protection. However, often, economic growth is associated with the accelerated degradation of the environment, and this in turn will result in an exponential increase in harmful emissions and will implicitly determine the increasing occurrence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers and respiratory diseases. In this paper, we investigate the role and effects of economic growth, environmental pollution and non-communicable diseases on health expenditures, for the case of EU (European Union) countries during 2000–2014. In order to investigate the long-term and the short-term relationship between them, we have employed the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Using the Pedroni-Johansen cointegration methods, we found that the variables are cointegrated. The findings of this study show that economic growth is one of the most important factors influencing the health expenditures both in the long- and short-run in all the 28 EU countries. With regards to the influence of CO2 emissions on health expenditure, we have found a negative impact in the short-run and a positive impact on the long-run. We have also introduced an interaction between NCDs and environmental expenditure as independent variable, a product variable. Finally, we have found that in all the three estimated models, the variation in environmental expenditure produces changes in NCDs’ effect on health expenditure.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Alina Badulescu; Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 5115 .

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Alina Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (24):5115.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Alina Badulescu; Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. 2019. "The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 5115.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Technological and Economic Development of Economy
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Designing and implementing relevant and effective environmental policies and fostering green and environmental-friendly approaches and behaviors are constant aims for policy makers all over the world. Concurrently, implementing environmental policies involves significant economic and financial efforts, in order to repair environmental damage and to prevent future negative environmental consequences. How effective are the environmental expenditures and how are they related to the economic growth, i.e. the GDP level, are issues of major concern at a governmental level. In this article we are examining the relation between GDP and environmental expenditure, by using statistical data available for EU economies, for the time period 1995-2013. We found that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is supported in most of the EU economies, both for government environmental protection and specialized providers, public and private environmental protection. Further and deeper analyses performed showed different situations for specific countries and even a negative relation between GDP and government environmental protection for specific cases.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Dorin Bac; Elena-Ana Iancu; Nicolaie Iancu. EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2019, 26, 1 -20.

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Dorin Bac, Elena-Ana Iancu, Nicolaie Iancu. EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2019; 26 (1):1-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Dorin Bac; Elena-Ana Iancu; Nicolaie Iancu. 2019. "EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 1: 1-20.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2019 in Sustainability
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As an emerging economy, China modernized its economy via split-share structure reform. This reform changed the nature of ownership in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Following this reform, we investigated the research question concerning how reductions in state ownership affect the corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of listed firms. This study tests the hypotheses using data of Chinese listed firms between 2010 and 2015. Applying multiple regressions, we found a negative association between state reductions and CSR performance. We contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence that those firms which reduce state holdings are not taking CSR activities seriously. Our study also sheds light on the worthiness and prominent status of large state owners of SOEs, as they are more likely to engage in social activities. This study provides fruitful implications for policy-makers and practitioners about state holdings, which may either hinder or enhance the corporate social performance.

ACS Style

Farman Ullah Khan; Junrui Zhang; Muhammad Usman; Alina Badulescu; Muhammad Safdar Sial. Ownership Reduction in State-Owned Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspective from Secondary Privatization in China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1008 .

AMA Style

Farman Ullah Khan, Junrui Zhang, Muhammad Usman, Alina Badulescu, Muhammad Safdar Sial. Ownership Reduction in State-Owned Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspective from Secondary Privatization in China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1008.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farman Ullah Khan; Junrui Zhang; Muhammad Usman; Alina Badulescu; Muhammad Safdar Sial. 2019. "Ownership Reduction in State-Owned Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspective from Secondary Privatization in China." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1008.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2018 in Sustainability
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The primary objective of this paper is to empirically examine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences corporate tax avoidance (CTA) of Chinese listed companies. The study is based on a sample of 3481 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2015 using CSR ratings from the Rankins (RKS) corporate social responsibility ratings agency in China, and all financial data extracted from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR). The authors foundthat CSR is negatively related to the current and cash effective tax rate (proxies of corporate tax avoidance), suggesting that responsible firms are more involved in tax avoidance as compared to less responsible firms. Their findings are robust against different control variables. Additionally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is one of the first to document an empirical association between CSR and corporate tax avoidance of Chinese listed companies.

ACS Style

M.A. Gulzar; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Anh Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Nguyen Vinh Khuong. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies? Sustainability 2018, 10, 4549 .

AMA Style

M.A. Gulzar, Jacob Cherian, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Alina Badulescu, Phung Anh Thu, Daniel Badulescu, Nguyen Vinh Khuong. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies? Sustainability. 2018; 10 (12):4549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Gulzar; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Anh Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Nguyen Vinh Khuong. 2018. "Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies?" Sustainability 10, no. 12: 4549.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro
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Tourism is widely considered as driver for economic growth, and the “tourism-led-growth hypothesis” is often investigated in the literature. However, there is very limited literature examining how economic growth impacts tourism, an impact which is usually tacitly accepted, without being analytically investigated.In this paper we examine the impact of the economic growth on the number of international tourism arrivals and also on the international tourism receipts during 1995-2015, in Central and Eastern European economies, by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The bounds F-statistics for cointegration test provide evidence of a long-term relationship between the international tourism number of arrivals and GDP per capita only for Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Romania and Slovakia. Between international tourism receipts and GDP per capita we find a long-termrelationship only for Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovakia, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Romania and Czech Republic. We also explore causal relationship between the variables by using an error-correction-based Granger causality model (short-run and long-run), finding different unidirectional / bidirectional short/long-term relationships between international tourism demand (measured by two proxies:international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts) and economic growth (measured by GDP per capita), in different countries. The paper contributes to better understanding the nature and the direction of the relationship between tourism sector and economic growth, aiming not only to enrich the literature in the field, but also to design specific economic growth policies with an impact on tourism sector.

ACS Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona SimuS. The Complex Relationship between International Tourism Demand and Economic Growth: An Analysis on Central and Eastern European Economies. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 2018, 20 .

AMA Style

Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu, Ramona SimuS. The Complex Relationship between International Tourism Demand and Economic Growth: An Analysis on Central and Eastern European Economies. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro. 2018; 20 (S12):.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona SimuS. 2018. "The Complex Relationship between International Tourism Demand and Economic Growth: An Analysis on Central and Eastern European Economies." www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 20, no. S12: .