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Simone Scarpa
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 26 April 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Soil erosion is one of the eight threats in the Soil Thematic Strategy, the main policy instrument dedicated to soil protection in the European Union (EU). During the last decade, soil erosion indicators have been included in monitoring the performance of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study comes five years after the assessment of soil loss by water erosion in the EU [Environmental science & policy 54, 438–447 (2015)], where a soil erosion modelling baseline for 2010 was developed. Here, we present an update of the EU assessment of soil loss by water erosion for the year 2016. The estimated long-term average erosion rate decreased by 0.4% between 2010 and 2016. This small decrease of soil loss was due to a limited increase of applied soil conservation practices and land cover change observed at the EU level. The modelling results suggest that, currently, ca. 25% of the EU land has erosion rates higher than the recommended sustainable threshold (2 t ha−1 yr−1) and more than 6% of agricultural lands suffer from severe erosion (11 t ha−1 yr−1). The results suggest that a more incisive set of measures of soil conservation is needed to mitigate soil erosion across the EU. However, targeted measures are recommendable at regional and national level as soil erosion trends are diverse between countries which show heterogeneous application of conservation practices.

ACS Style

Panos Panagos; Cristiano Ballabio; Jean Poesen; Emanuele Lugato; Simone Scarpa; Luca Montanarella; Pasquale Borrelli. A Soil Erosion Indicator for Supporting Agricultural, Environmental and Climate Policies in the European Union. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1365 .

AMA Style

Panos Panagos, Cristiano Ballabio, Jean Poesen, Emanuele Lugato, Simone Scarpa, Luca Montanarella, Pasquale Borrelli. A Soil Erosion Indicator for Supporting Agricultural, Environmental and Climate Policies in the European Union. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (9):1365.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panos Panagos; Cristiano Ballabio; Jean Poesen; Emanuele Lugato; Simone Scarpa; Luca Montanarella; Pasquale Borrelli. 2020. "A Soil Erosion Indicator for Supporting Agricultural, Environmental and Climate Policies in the European Union." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9: 1365.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2018 in Sustainability
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In the European Union (EU), copper concentration in agricultural soil stems from anthropogenic activities and natural sources (soil and geology). This manuscript reports a statistical comparison of copper concentrations at different levels of administrative units, with a focus on agricultural areas. Anthropogenic sources of diffuse copper contamination include fungicidal treatments, liquid manure (mainly from pigs), sewage sludge, atmospheric deposition, mining activities, local industrial contamination and particles from car brakes. Sales of fungicides in the EU are around 158,000 tonnes annually, a large proportion of which are copper based and used extensively in vineyards and orchards. Around 10 million tonnes of sewage sludge is treated annually in the EU, and 40% of this (which has a high copper content) is used as fertilizer in agriculture. In the EU, 150 million pigs consume more than 6.2 million tonnes of copper through additives in their feed, and most of their liquid manure ends up in agricultural soil. These three sources (sales of fungicides, sewage sludge and copper consumption for pigs feed) depend much on local traditional farming practices. Recent research towards replacing copper spraying in vineyards and policy developments on applying sewage and controlling the feed given to pigs are expected to reduce copper accumulation in agricultural soil.

ACS Style

Panos Panagos; Cristiano Ballabio; Emanuele Lugato; Arwyn Jones; Pasquale Borrelli; Simone Scarpa; Alberto Orgiazzi; Luca Montanarella. Potential Sources of Anthropogenic Copper Inputs to European Agricultural Soils. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2380 .

AMA Style

Panos Panagos, Cristiano Ballabio, Emanuele Lugato, Arwyn Jones, Pasquale Borrelli, Simone Scarpa, Alberto Orgiazzi, Luca Montanarella. Potential Sources of Anthropogenic Copper Inputs to European Agricultural Soils. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2380.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panos Panagos; Cristiano Ballabio; Emanuele Lugato; Arwyn Jones; Pasquale Borrelli; Simone Scarpa; Alberto Orgiazzi; Luca Montanarella. 2018. "Potential Sources of Anthropogenic Copper Inputs to European Agricultural Soils." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2380.