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This study aimed to explore the emotional and psychological effects of dental treatment under general anesthesia (DTGA) on children and parents in Saskatoon city, Saskatchewan, Canada. Semi-structured interviews, video diaries, drawings, and a questionnaire were used to collect data. The study used a narrative perspective and thematic analysis to analyze data. The findings from children and their parents (N = 25) indicated DTGA is disconcerting from both views. Parental guilt and the desire of both parents and children to not have to go through the experience again fueled at least short-term compliance with brushing, flossing, and changes in dietary habits. The children participants provided valuable information to augment that gathered from parents. As the study revealed that the DTGA is psychologically and emotionally troubling for both children and their caregivers, it is imperative to explore ways to ease the GA experience. Specific recommendations were provided for optimizing dental and health services for those children and their families.
Z. D. Baghdadi; S. Jbara; N. Muhajarine. Children and parents perspectives on children’s dental treatment under general anesthesia: a narratology from Saskatoon, Canada. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleZ. D. Baghdadi, S. Jbara, N. Muhajarine. Children and parents perspectives on children’s dental treatment under general anesthesia: a narratology from Saskatoon, Canada. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZ. D. Baghdadi; S. Jbara; N. Muhajarine. 2021. "Children and parents perspectives on children’s dental treatment under general anesthesia: a narratology from Saskatoon, Canada." European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry , no. : 1-13.
Hydrocephalus affects the central nervous system as a result of progressive ventricular dilatation from the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain’s lateral ventricles. This paper reports on the oral characteristics of a child with congenital hydrocephalus, discusses her complex dental care needs, and presents dental management of this case. Despite the complex and challenging dental needs, this child received dental treatment in a chairside approach without general anesthesia. A thorough knowledge of the patient’s medical condition, together with expert clinical skills, was indispensable for managing the child and improving the quality and length of her life.
Yasser Alsayed Tolibah; Chaza Kouchaji; Thuraya Lazkani; Mohammad Abbara; Saffana Jbara; Ziad Baghdadi. Dental Care for a Child with Congenital Hydrocephalus: A Case Report with 12-Month Follow-Up. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1209 .
AMA StyleYasser Alsayed Tolibah, Chaza Kouchaji, Thuraya Lazkani, Mohammad Abbara, Saffana Jbara, Ziad Baghdadi. Dental Care for a Child with Congenital Hydrocephalus: A Case Report with 12-Month Follow-Up. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasser Alsayed Tolibah; Chaza Kouchaji; Thuraya Lazkani; Mohammad Abbara; Saffana Jbara; Ziad Baghdadi. 2021. "Dental Care for a Child with Congenital Hydrocephalus: A Case Report with 12-Month Follow-Up." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1209.
Purpose: The overall aim of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of 3 to 10 year-old children’s experiences, main concerns, and how they manage attending hospital for dental treatment under general anesthesia (DTGA). Methods: Twelve children aged 3–10 who were scheduled for DTGA were interviewed. In addition to tape-recorded interviews, data were collected using video diaries, participant observations, and pre-, peri-, and postoperative drawings. The children’s drawings (n = 43) were analyzed using the Child Drawing: Hospital Manual (CD:H) and Vygotsky postulations for context readings, with the aim to explore what it means for children to undergo DTGA. Results: The analysis found that the main concern for children during the pre-operative period was that they were forced to prepare for an unknown experience, which elicited stress. This situation was handled during the peri-operative period by trying to recover control and to cooperate despite fear, stress, and anxiety. Drawings completed post-operatively showed the surgical mask, “stinky” smell of the anesthetic gas, and multiple extraction of teeth were the main troubling experiences for children. Several weeks after DTGA, children tried to regain normalcy in their lives again. Conclusion: This study contributed to a deeper understanding of how children as young as 3 years undergoing DTGA experience and express their lived experiences: emotional, psychological, physiological, or physical stress in the context of DTGA.
Ziad D. Baghdadi; Saffana Jbara; Nazeem Muhajarine. Children’s Drawing as a Projective Measure to Understand Their Experiences of Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia. Children 2020, 7, 73 .
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi, Saffana Jbara, Nazeem Muhajarine. Children’s Drawing as a Projective Measure to Understand Their Experiences of Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia. Children. 2020; 7 (7):73.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi; Saffana Jbara; Nazeem Muhajarine. 2020. "Children’s Drawing as a Projective Measure to Understand Their Experiences of Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia." Children 7, no. 7: 73.
Objectives: This study aimed to document the mid-term effects of comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (DTGA) on parent-assessed children’s oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL). A second aim was to examine some epidemiological factors associated with COHRQoL and treatment outcome. Study Design: A pretest-posttest design was followed in which parents were surveyed using the Child Oral Health Quality of Life Questionnaire before and 6-9 months after their children (age ranges 3-10 years) underwent DTGA. Some clinical conditions and epidemiological factors were examined to assess their association with COHRQoL and changes resulting from treatment. Results: The clinical sample consisted of 80 children-parent dyads. The effect sizes of change following DTGA were large for both the child impact section and family impact section of the COHRQoL. COHRQoL scores after treatment were comparable or lower than those of a cross-matched group of children with no complaints related to oral health. Child’s age, pain and number of teeth with pulpal involvement showed significant association with both pretreatment scores and change scores. Conclusions: Children’s OHRQoL improved after DTGA as assessed by parents 6-9 months postoperatively. Child’s age, pain and number of pulpally-involved teeth can be used as predictors for COHRQoL and change scores.
Ziad D. Baghdadi. Children’s oral health-related quality of life and associated factors: Mid-term changes after dental treatment under general anesthesia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry 2015, 7, e106 -e113.
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. Children’s oral health-related quality of life and associated factors: Mid-term changes after dental treatment under general anesthesia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2015; 7 (1):e106-e113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. 2015. "Children’s oral health-related quality of life and associated factors: Mid-term changes after dental treatment under general anesthesia." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry 7, no. 1: e106-e113.
Aim: To determine whether dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) would improve quality of life for children as reported by Saudi Arabian parents using a Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) and a Family Impact Scale (FIS). Methods: Sixty-six parents completed P-CPQ and FIS scales four to eight weeks after their children (ages three to ten years) underwent comprehensive dental treatment under GA. Postoperative data were compared with baseline data gathered before GA using paired t-test at the 0.05 level of significance. The responsiveness of the P-CPQ and the FIS and the magnitude of changes in children’s quality of life as a result of dental treatment were determined by calculating the effect size (ES). Cross-sectional construct validity and internal consistency were also examined using the pretreatment scores of the P-CPQ and the FIS scores. Results: The overall P-CPQ and FIS scores showed a significant decrease following treatment, concomitant with large ES in both scales and all their subscales with the exception of social wellbeing, which showed moderate ES (ES 0.59). The greatest relative changes were seen in the oral symptoms (ES 1.81) and the family activity (ES 1.57) subscales. Conclusion: Dental treatment under GA is associated with considerable improvement in children’s quality of life as perceived by Saudi parents. The P-CPQ and the FIS scales are valid and responsive to changes resulting from dental treatment of young children affected by severe childhood caries.
Ziad D. Baghdadi; Nazeem Muhajarine. Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children’s Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life: Saudi Arabian Parents’ Perspectives. Dentistry Journal 2014, 3, 1 -13.
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi, Nazeem Muhajarine. Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children’s Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life: Saudi Arabian Parents’ Perspectives. Dentistry Journal. 2014; 3 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi; Nazeem Muhajarine. 2014. "Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children’s Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life: Saudi Arabian Parents’ Perspectives." Dentistry Journal 3, no. 1: 1-13.
This comprehensive community health intervention aimed to improve the oral health and reduce the incidence of dental caries in Tabuk schoolchildren. The program supports the public health pyramid that provides a framework to improve health and included creating and evaluating a school oral health surveillance system, applying fluoride varnish and dental sealants on high- and medium-caries risk children, and providing treatment for existing diseases. In a pilot phase, 48 children (26 males 22 females; mean age 6.42; dmft 9.33, Decayed, Missing, or Filled Primary and Permanent Teeth (DMFT) 3.27) received the dental services, both treatment and prevention. Three hundred seventy-eight composite resin or resin-modified light-cured glass ionomer restorations were placed. One-hundred and eighteen teeth received pulp therapy (pulpotomy or pulpectomy), ten of which received stainless steel crowns. A total of 72 teeth were extracted due to caries. To understand the effects of dental disease on children, as perceived by parents, an oral health-related quality of life survey was completed and analyzed. Results found an underestimation of the role the teeth play, particularly primary teeth, in the general health and wellbeing of the child. The program’s main evaluation effort focused on the process and outcome objectives, including the number of children received care, number of teeth received restorations and sealants, and number of children received fluoride varnish, etc. Analyzing the effect of the program on oral hygiene revealed an improvement in oral health, as a direct result of oral health educational sessions and one-to-one counseling. There is an urgent need to expand the program to include all primary schools.
Ziad D. Baghdadi. Improving Oral Health Status of Children in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Dentistry Journal 2014, 2, 22 -40.
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. Improving Oral Health Status of Children in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Dentistry Journal. 2014; 2 (1):22-40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. 2014. "Improving Oral Health Status of Children in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia." Dentistry Journal 2, no. 1: 22-40.
Aim. To examine the impact of comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children using short form versions of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions questionnaire (P-CPQ) and Family Impact Scale (FIS). Design. A pretest/posttest study involved parents whose children (N = 67) were affected with severe childhood caries and completed comprehensive dental treatment under GA. All parents completed the short form versions of the P-CPQ and FIS at baseline and 4–8 weeks following the dental treatment. To examine test-retest reliability, a convenience sample of 38 parents repeated the pretreatment questionnaires 1-2 weeks after they completed them at baseline. Statistical tests including the Kruskal-Wallis test, Cronbach's alpha, and paired t-test were used to examine cross-sectional construct validity, internal consistency, and responsiveness of the instruments, respectively. Results. Cross-sectional construct validity and internal consistency were acceptable. Test-retest reliability was excellent. Large decreases in posttreatment scores were observed along with moderate to large effect sizes. Conclusions. Dental treatment under GA is associated with considerable improvement in OHRQoL of children and their families, as demonstrated by short form versions of the P-CPQ and FIS completed by the children's parents.
Ziad D. Baghdadi. Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Using Proxy Short Versions of OHRQoL Instruments. The Scientific World Journal 2014, 2014, 1 -5.
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Using Proxy Short Versions of OHRQoL Instruments. The Scientific World Journal. 2014; 2014 (1):1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. 2014. "Effects of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia on Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Using Proxy Short Versions of OHRQoL Instruments." The Scientific World Journal 2014, no. 1: 1-5.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to test the applicability of the Demirjian method and revised versions for estimating chronological age (CA) from dental age (DA) in a sample of children. Study Design: A sample of 252 individuals of known age (4 to 14 yrs), sex (males: 125, females: 127), and ethnicity (Saudi) was collected. Each individual was aged using the original Demirjian method and revised versions, including Saudi, Kuwaiti, Belgian, and revised international curves. The differences between dental age and chronological age were analyzed using paired sample t-tests with Bonferroni corrections and multinomial regression tests at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results indicated an over-aging of the sample as a whole by about 10 months using Demirjian tables, 5.5 months using Kuwaiti tables, 24.7 months using Belgian tables, and 5 months using revised international tables. The sample was under-aged by 0.6 month using Saudi tables. The overall discrepancies between CA and DA were statistically significant (P < 0.0001) for all methods with the exception of Saudi curves. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Saudi population method is most accurate on a Saudi population.
Ziad-D. Baghdadi. Testing international dental maturation scoring system and population-specific Demirjian versions on Saudi sub-population. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry 2014, 6, e138 -e144.
AMA StyleZiad-D. Baghdadi. Testing international dental maturation scoring system and population-specific Demirjian versions on Saudi sub-population. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2014; 6 (2):e138-e144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad-D. Baghdadi. 2014. "Testing international dental maturation scoring system and population-specific Demirjian versions on Saudi sub-population." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry 6, no. 2: e138-e144.
A sample of 422 dental panoramic radiographs from individuals of known age (from 4 to 14 yrs), sex (males: 217, females: 205), and ethnicity (Saudi) was collected. A dental maturation score for each individual was calculated using the Demirjian method. Age was then estimated using the original Demirjian curves and tables based on French-Canadian population and population-specific curves and tables for Arab (Saudi and Kuwaiti) and European (Belgian) populations. The differences between dental age and chronological age were analyzed and compared using paired t-tests, one-way ANOVA test, and a post hoc Scheffé’s test. The Demirjian method utilizing French-Canadian standards presented significant difference between dental age and chronological age for the total sample and in the vast majority of age groups in both sexes. The mean overestimation of age was about 10 months (P<0.05). The tables designed specifically for Arab populations had a significantly lower error than the tables designed for French-Canadian and Belgian populations. The latter had the largest error in age predication. New age prediction models and maturation scores for Saudi population were developed based on the Demirjian method using multinomial functions.
Ziad D. Baghdadi. Dental Maturity in Saudi Children Using the Demirjian Method: A Comparative Study and New Prediction Models. ISRN Dentistry 2013, 2013, 1 -9.
AMA StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. Dental Maturity in Saudi Children Using the Demirjian Method: A Comparative Study and New Prediction Models. ISRN Dentistry. 2013; 2013 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiad D. Baghdadi. 2013. "Dental Maturity in Saudi Children Using the Demirjian Method: A Comparative Study and New Prediction Models." ISRN Dentistry 2013, no. : 1-9.