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Jiupai Ni
College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

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Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Forests
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Crop–hedgerow intercropping systems are important agroforestry systems for preventing soil degradation and soil nutrient losses on sloping cultivated land in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area of China. However, the mechanism by which hedgerow spatial layouts and the planting patterns affect soil nutrients and crop yields is still uncertain. A two-year field experiment was performed on a 10° slope to investigate the effects of slope position and different crop–hedgerow intercropping systems on soil physicochemical properties and crop yields. The treatments were a two-belt mulberry contour hedgerow (TM), a two-belt compound mulberry–vetiver hedgerow (TCMV), a two-belt compound mulberry–alfalfa hedgerow (TCMA), a seven-year-old two-belt mulberry contour hedgerow (7YTM), a seven-year-old mulberry border hedgerow (7YBM), a seven-year-old pure mulberry (7YPM), and a control treatment (CT, no hedgerows). In all treatments, except 7YPM, there was a significant (p< 0.05) increase in crop yield, clay content, soil total nitrogen (STN), acid-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AHN), and soil organic carbon (SOC) with declining slope position, whereas soil bulk density (BD), sand content, and soil pH showed the opposite trend. In TM, TCMV, TCMA, and 7YTM, the mustard yields and soil properties were better than those in CT, and there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in mustard yield or soil properties between the upper-middle and lower-middle slope positions. Compared with CT, TCMV, and TCMA increased mustard yields by 8.28% and 9.86%, respectively, while 7YTM, 7YBM, and 7YPM reduced mustard yields by 7.69%, 17.69%, and 29.73%, respectively. TCMV and TCMA were confirmed to be viable intercropping systems for significantly reducing nutrient losses, improving soil quality, and changing soil nutrient distributions to maintain optimum crop yields on sloping lands.

ACS Style

Ping Lei; Chengsheng Ni; Fangxin Chen; Sheng Wang; Shouqin Zhong; Shaojun Tan; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. Effects of Crop–Hedgerow Intercropping on the Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield on Sloping Cultivated Lands in a Purple Soil of Southwestern China. Forests 2021, 12, 962 .

AMA Style

Ping Lei, Chengsheng Ni, Fangxin Chen, Sheng Wang, Shouqin Zhong, Shaojun Tan, Jiupai Ni, Deti Xie. Effects of Crop–Hedgerow Intercropping on the Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield on Sloping Cultivated Lands in a Purple Soil of Southwestern China. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):962.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ping Lei; Chengsheng Ni; Fangxin Chen; Sheng Wang; Shouqin Zhong; Shaojun Tan; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. 2021. "Effects of Crop–Hedgerow Intercropping on the Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield on Sloping Cultivated Lands in a Purple Soil of Southwestern China." Forests 12, no. 8: 962.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Nonpoint source pollution (NPS) has become the leading factor of global water quality problems, attracting great attention from governments and researchers in various countries. Based on this situation, understanding the current research status of NPS can help guide future research. However, most of the current reviews only describe the research status of some specific aspects but fail to quantify the research hotspots and development trends on the whole, which limits the overall understanding of NPS. In this paper, bibliometrics was used to study the current status, hotspots, and frontiers of NPS research during 1991–2015, and the future research development was predicted. Over the past 15 years, there has been a remarkable growth trend in publication output, and the participation of countries/territories has also increased. Journal of Environmental Quality, Journal of Hydrology, and Total Environmental Science were the top three journals. Sharpley AN and Arnold JG from the USA were the most productive authors with the best quality articles. The major author clusters and research regions are located in North America and Europe, followed by East Asia. The United States dominates this research field, with the largest number of independent and collaborative articles. Chinese authors gained more attention through international cooperation. Keyword analysis confirmed that water quality and nutrients were the main concerns of NPS pollution research, which mainly involved a number of research topics, such as pollutant emission reduction research and the evaluation and simulation of pollutants’ migration and their transformation under different situations, while pesticides were less of a concern, which suggests that the abuse of pesticides has come under control. Meanwhile, SWAT was the dominating model in the last decade partly because it satisfied the growing needs of watershed-scale management.

ACS Style

Ping Lei; Ram Shrestha; Bing Zhu; Suju Han; HongBin Yang; Shaojun Tan; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. A Bibliometric Analysis on Nonpoint Source Pollution: Current Status, Development, and Future. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7723 .

AMA Style

Ping Lei, Ram Shrestha, Bing Zhu, Suju Han, HongBin Yang, Shaojun Tan, Jiupai Ni, Deti Xie. A Bibliometric Analysis on Nonpoint Source Pollution: Current Status, Development, and Future. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (15):7723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ping Lei; Ram Shrestha; Bing Zhu; Suju Han; HongBin Yang; Shaojun Tan; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. 2021. "A Bibliometric Analysis on Nonpoint Source Pollution: Current Status, Development, and Future." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 7723.

Journal article
Published: 28 June 2021 in Journal of Water and Climate Change
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Due to the difficulty in monitoring subsurface runoff and sediment migration, their loss loads are still not clear and need further study. This study monitored water and soil loss occurring within experimental field plots for two calendar years under natural rainfall events. The sediment loss load was quantified by considering the corresponding water flow flux and its sediment concentration. The results showed that 60.04% of the runoff and 2.83% of the sediment were lost underground. The annual underground sediment loss reached up to 54.6 kg*ha−1*yr−1. A total of 69.68% of the runoff yield and 67.25% of the sediment yield were produced during the corn planting stage (CPS: March–July). Heavy rain and torrential rain events produced 94.45%, 65.46% of the annual runoff and 94.45%, 76.21% of the sediment yields during the corn-planting stage and summer fallow period (SFP: August–September). The rain frequency, rainfall, and rainfall duration of each planting stage significantly affected the resulting runoff and sediment yield. Measures aimed at the prevention and control of water-soil loss from purple soil sloping land should heavily focus on torrential rain and heavy rain events during the CPS and SFP. This paper aims to provide a practical reference for quantifying the water and soil loss from purple soil sloping cropland.

ACS Style

Yi Wang; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie. Effect of natural rainfall on the migration characteristics of runoff and sediment on purple soil sloping cropland during different planting stages. Journal of Water and Climate Change 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Yi Wang, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng Ni, Sheng Wang, Deti Xie. Effect of natural rainfall on the migration characteristics of runoff and sediment on purple soil sloping cropland during different planting stages. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi Wang; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie. 2021. "Effect of natural rainfall on the migration characteristics of runoff and sediment on purple soil sloping cropland during different planting stages." Journal of Water and Climate Change , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Agriculture
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Non-point source pollution from excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture is a major cause of the eutrophication problem in China. Understanding farmers’ decision-making concerning fertilization and identifying the influencing factors in this process are key to tackling overfertilization and related pollution issues. This paper reports a study on modelling decisions about fertilizer use based on data collected from 200 farmer households in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China, using a well-fitted artificial neural network (ANN) with incorporated variance-based sensitivity analysis. The rate of fertilizer use estimated from the model is in good agreement with observed data. The model is further validated and tested by comparing the simulated and observed values. Results show that the model is able to identify the influencing factors and their interactions causing the variation in fertilizer use and to help pinpoint the underlying reasons. It is found that the farmers’ fertilization behavior is greatly affected by the area of cultivated land, followed by the interaction among farmers’ education level, annual income, and awareness of the importance of environmental protection. Future land consolidation is one of several ways to achieve more sustainable fertilization strategies.

ACS Style

Lihua Ma; Jiupai Ni; Luuk Fleskens; Han Wang; Yunqing Xuan. Modelling Fertilizer Use in Relation to Farmers’ Household Characteristics in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. Agriculture 2021, 11, 472 .

AMA Style

Lihua Ma, Jiupai Ni, Luuk Fleskens, Han Wang, Yunqing Xuan. Modelling Fertilizer Use in Relation to Farmers’ Household Characteristics in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (6):472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lihua Ma; Jiupai Ni; Luuk Fleskens; Han Wang; Yunqing Xuan. 2021. "Modelling Fertilizer Use in Relation to Farmers’ Household Characteristics in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China." Agriculture 11, no. 6: 472.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Long-term quantification of the migration loads of subsurface runoff (SSR) and its collateral soil nutrients among different soil layers are still restricted by the runoff collection method. This study tested the reliability of the U-trough collection methods (UCM), compared with the seepage plate collection method (SPM), in monitoring the runoff, sediment and nutrient migration loads from different soil layers (L1: 0–20 cm depth; L2: 20–40 cm depth; L3: 40–60 cm depth) for two calendar years under natural rainfall events. The results suggested that the U-trough could collect nearly 10 times the SSR sample volume of the seepage plate and keep the sampling probability more than 95% at each soil layer. The annual SSR flux from L1 to L3 was 403.4 mm, 271.9 mm, and 237.4 mm under the UCM, 14.35%, 10.56%, and 8.41% lower than those under the SPM, respectively. The annual net migration loads of sediment, TN, and TP from the L1 layer under the UCM were 49.562 t/km2, 19.113 t/km2 and 0.291 t/km2, and 86.62%, 41.21% and 81.78% of them were intercepted by the subsoil layers (L2 and L3), respectively. While their migration loads under the SPM were 48.708 t/km2, 22.342 t/km2 and 0.291 t/km2, and 88.24%, 53.06% and 80.42% of them were intercepted, respectively. Under both methods, the average leached total n (TN), total p (TP) concentrations per rainfall event and their annual migrated loads at each soil layer showed no significant difference. In conclusion, the UCM was a reliable quantitative method for subsurface runoff, sediment, and soil nutrient migration loads from diverse soil layers of purple soil sloping cultivated lands. Further studies are needed to testify the availability in other lands.

ACS Style

Yi Wang; Chengsheng Ni; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni. A Reliable U-trough Runoff Collection Method for Quantifying the Migration Loads of Nutrients at Different Soil Layers under Natural Rainfall. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2050 .

AMA Style

Yi Wang, Chengsheng Ni, Sheng Wang, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni. A Reliable U-trough Runoff Collection Method for Quantifying the Migration Loads of Nutrients at Different Soil Layers under Natural Rainfall. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2050.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi Wang; Chengsheng Ni; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni. 2021. "A Reliable U-trough Runoff Collection Method for Quantifying the Migration Loads of Nutrients at Different Soil Layers under Natural Rainfall." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2050.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2021 in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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This research studied the chemo-sensing of low-cost aminated pectin (PE) obtained by a facile calcination under ammonia gas at temperature no higher than 175 °C without excessive use of alkaline, acid or solvents. The ammonia gas was found to replace the hydroxyl and methoxyl group, enhancing the crystallinity and solubility of the resultant pectin than those calcined in air or in 5% H2. Though the increase of light absorption could be attributed mainly to the dehydration during calcination which caused the formation of CC double bond or aromatic ring, the N incorporation could be important to the photoluminescence (PL) emission. The PL quenching of the blue fluorescent aminated pectin showed a good linearity with the concentration of Cu2+, Fe3+ and the highest sensitivity toward Cu2+ among the investigated metal ions. In order to further increase the PL quenching toward Cu2+ and decrease the interference of Fe3+, a method involving H2O2 and ultraviolet illumination was developed to catalyze the oxidation of fluorophores on the polymer. This work provides new horizon on the modification and application of pectin in chemosensing.

ACS Style

Chengsheng Ni; Wenxuan Lu; Jing Zhang; Luo Peng; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni. Blue-light emitting aminated pectin for detecting Cu2+ ion. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2021, 176, 272 -281.

AMA Style

Chengsheng Ni, Wenxuan Lu, Jing Zhang, Luo Peng, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni. Blue-light emitting aminated pectin for detecting Cu2+ ion. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2021; 176 ():272-281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chengsheng Ni; Wenxuan Lu; Jing Zhang; Luo Peng; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni. 2021. "Blue-light emitting aminated pectin for detecting Cu2+ ion." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 176, no. : 272-281.

Short communication
Published: 27 January 2021 in Ceramics International
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Ba2YCu3O6+δ (BYC) is a prototypical superconducting oxide showing a superior mixed electronic and ionic conductivity at a temperature lower than 650 °C, but there is limited work on its possible application for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Ba2MCu3O6+δ (M = Y, Gd, Ho and Eu) oxides are studied as cathode materials for a proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (H–SOFC) and the polarization resistance (Rp) reached around 0.29 Ω cm2 at 650 °C in the ambient air, and the activation energy of Rp was found to decrease with the electronegativity of the rare-earth element. Fe doping on Cu site of BYC has a negative effect on the electric conductivity of the oxide in the air but it enhances the electrochemical performance especially the power output of the full cell and structural stability under a slightly reducing atmosphere, e.g. pure Ar. The H–SOFC with BYC cathode showed a peak power of 175 mW cm−2 at 650 °C, which can be increased to 375 mW cm−2 by Fe doping on the Cu site as in Ba2YCu2.6Fe0.4O6+δ.

ACS Style

Ziye Zhang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. Ba2YCu3O6+δ-based cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells. Ceramics International 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Ziye Zhang, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng Ni. Ba2YCu3O6+δ-based cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells. Ceramics International. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ziye Zhang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. 2021. "Ba2YCu3O6+δ-based cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells." Ceramics International , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Reasonable evaluation of the intensive urban land use has emerged as an important issue and hot topic for urban development. This paper aims to construct a unified framework for evaluating the intensive use of urban land and analyzing its influence channels. It combines the advantages of the approach of the indicator system and that of efficiency measurement, and provides an empirical test to apply this analytical framework using the panel data of 38 districts and counties in Chongqing, China, ranging from 2009 to 2018. To achieve our goals, we used the panel data model and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model with decomposed technical inefficiency. Our results show that: (1) the level of intensive use of urban land in all districts and counties of Chongqing is steadily increasing, and the gap among regions is narrowing, (2) all districts and counties of Chongqing face severe and increasing difficulty in improving their intensive urban land use, and, (3) currently, the degree of external dependence is not a stable influential factor for land-use efficiency and intensive potential in these districts and counties, and improving the land use structure, increasing population density, strengthening fiscal expenditure on education, and promoting transportation convenience can markedly reduce land use inefficiency and simultaneously increase intensive land use. In conclusion, the framework for evaluating intensive use of urban land based on the SFA model with decomposed technical inefficiency can better integrate intensive land-use evaluation and the factor analysis process, and retain the scalability of factor analysis. For all districts and counties in Chongqing, we clarify several effective channels to promote the intensive use of urban land, which provides reference and technical support for formulating land policies.

ACS Style

Jingyi Wang; Kaisi Sun; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. Evaluation and Factor Analysis of the Intensive Use of Urban Land Based on Technical Efficiency Measurement—A Case Study of 38 Districts and Counties in Chongqing, China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8623 .

AMA Style

Jingyi Wang, Kaisi Sun, Jiupai Ni, Deti Xie. Evaluation and Factor Analysis of the Intensive Use of Urban Land Based on Technical Efficiency Measurement—A Case Study of 38 Districts and Counties in Chongqing, China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8623.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingyi Wang; Kaisi Sun; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. 2020. "Evaluation and Factor Analysis of the Intensive Use of Urban Land Based on Technical Efficiency Measurement—A Case Study of 38 Districts and Counties in Chongqing, China." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8623.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Environmental and Experimental Botany
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The changing atmospheric wetness and dryness in the background of global warming is an important issue for maize cultivation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological response of maize towards vapor pressure deficits (VPDs). To understand the behaviors and the morphology of the stomata that are correlated with the plant biomass and nutrient acquisition, we conducted a pot experiment of maize planting under two levels of VPDs (low 1.1 ± 0.5 kPa; high 2.6 ± 0.7 kPa). Plants exposed to a high VPD (HVPD) condition displayed a higher transpiration rate throughout the growth periods. Stomatal conductance and the intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration were also higher for the plants at HVPD at later growing phases. At early growth stages, stomata on the adaxial surface of the plants exposed to the HVPD environment was lower in density but they were higher in length and width at the abaxial surface than those exposed to the low VPD (LVPD) condition. HVPD increased considerably the stomatal number 50 days after sowing (d). The higher transpiration of the plants in the HVPD condition appeared to be negatively associated with the biomass and the content of the majority of nutrients. However, plants at the HVPD condition showed a significantly higher root-specific capacity for nutrient uptake and delivered a higher proportion of the absorbed nutrients towards the shoot. Therefore, stomata and nutrient uptake responses to VPD are the important traits to be considered while improving the maize for dry weather regions.

ACS Style

Ram Kumar Shrestha; Ping Lei; Dan Shi; Mohammad Hanif Hashimi; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) towards vapor pressure deficit. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2020, 181, 104293 .

AMA Style

Ram Kumar Shrestha, Ping Lei, Dan Shi, Mohammad Hanif Hashimi, Sheng Wang, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng Ni. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) towards vapor pressure deficit. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2020; 181 ():104293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ram Kumar Shrestha; Ping Lei; Dan Shi; Mohammad Hanif Hashimi; Sheng Wang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. 2020. "Response of maize (Zea mays L.) towards vapor pressure deficit." Environmental and Experimental Botany 181, no. : 104293.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2020 in Chemical Engineering Journal
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Dual-phase Nb2O5(N)/GaN(O) photocatalyst with N doping in Nb2O5 and O doping in GaN was synthesized via nitridation and re-oxidation (NRO) of GaNbO4. The NRO process induced the formation of nanosized heterojunctions between the Nb2O5(N) and GaN(O) phase. The utilization of GaNbO4 as a precursor enhances the nitridation process than pure gallium oxide while retards the oxidation of pure niobium nitride to give an improved doping composite showing a desired bandgap around 2.0 eV with indirect transition. The photocatalyst exhibited very high NO removal efficiency (nearly 100%) under visible-light and very high selectivity (89%) for the formation of ionic species rather than more toxic NO2, which could be related to the intimate junction between the GaN(O) phase with high conduction band minimum and Nb2O5 phase with low valence band maximum for the simultaneous generation of •O2¯ and •OH radicals, respectively. The NRO process sheds light on the preparation of a nanoscale dual-phase photocatalyst containing nitride and oxide.

ACS Style

Hassan Abdellatif; Guan Zhang; Yu Tang; Wenji Ruan; Jibiao Li; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. A highly efficient dual-phase GaN(O)/Nb2O5(N) photocatalyst prepared through nitridation and reoxidation process for NO removal. Chemical Engineering Journal 2020, 402, 126199 .

AMA Style

Hassan Abdellatif, Guan Zhang, Yu Tang, Wenji Ruan, Jibiao Li, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng Ni. A highly efficient dual-phase GaN(O)/Nb2O5(N) photocatalyst prepared through nitridation and reoxidation process for NO removal. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2020; 402 ():126199.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan Abdellatif; Guan Zhang; Yu Tang; Wenji Ruan; Jibiao Li; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. 2020. "A highly efficient dual-phase GaN(O)/Nb2O5(N) photocatalyst prepared through nitridation and reoxidation process for NO removal." Chemical Engineering Journal 402, no. : 126199.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2020 in Water
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The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of a simultaneous nitrification–denitrification hypothermic bacterium for applying in Cd(II), Co(II), and Mn(II)-contaminated wastewater. The influence of Cd(II), Co(II), and Mn(II) on the inorganic nitrogen removal capacity of the hypothermia bacterium Arthrobacter arilaitensis Y-10 was determined. The experimental results demonstrated that low concentration of Cd(II) (2.5 mg/L) exhibited no significant impact on bioremediation of ammonium. The nitrate and nitrite removal activities of strain Y-10 were enhanced by 0.1 and 0.25 mg/L of Cd(II), but hindered by more than 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L of Cd(II), respectively. However, the cell growth and denitrification activity ceased immediately once Co(II) was supplemented. In terms of Mn(II), no conspicuous inhibitory impact on ammonium bioremediation was observed even if Mn(II) concentration reached as high as 30 mg/L. The bioremediation of nitrates and nitrites was significantly improved by 0.5 mg/L of Mn(II), and then dropped sharply along with the increase of Mn(II). The order of the degree of inhibitory influence of the three heavy metal ions on the nitrogen bioremediation ability of strain Y-10 was Co(II) > Cd(II) > Mn(II). All the results highlighted that the heterotrophic nitrification was less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of Cd(II), Co(II), and Mn(II) relative to aerobic denitrification.

ACS Style

Tengxia He; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Zhu Li; Zhenlun Li. Effect of Cobalt, Cadmium and Manganese on Nitrogen Removal Capacity of Arthrobacter arilaitensis Y-10. Water 2020, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Tengxia He, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Zhu Li, Zhenlun Li. Effect of Cobalt, Cadmium and Manganese on Nitrogen Removal Capacity of Arthrobacter arilaitensis Y-10. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tengxia He; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Zhu Li; Zhenlun Li. 2020. "Effect of Cobalt, Cadmium and Manganese on Nitrogen Removal Capacity of Arthrobacter arilaitensis Y-10." Water 12, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2020 in CATENA
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Multi-mineral sand particles (MSPs), commonly found in upland soils, can change the erosion properties, structure, moisture level, porosity, and permeability of soil; however, their effects are generally neglected in previous studies. In this study, we explored the morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD), aggregation state, and mineralogy of soils derived from two types of clay rocks containing MSPs: shale and mudstone. The results showed that: (1) small lamellate bodies formed granules and blocks in a face-to-face or side-to-side manner and that the aggregation particles ranged from several to tens of microns in diameter, which increased gradually in a downslope direction; (2) the sand content in shale- and mudstone-derived soils decreased from 41.0% and 31.3%, respectively, on the summit to 19.6% and 18.4%, respectively, on the toeslope, whereas their clay content increased from 23.3% and 20.2% to 45.0% and 38.9%, respectively; (3) regarding the aggregation states of soil particles, the content of 0.25–2 mm MSPs in the shale- and mudstone-derived soils decreased from 62.9% and 45.2%, respectively, on the summit to 7.1% and 1.4%, respectively, on the toeslope, with averages of 42.3% and 20.8%, respectively. The content of 0.25–2 mm aggregates in the shale- and mudstone-derived soils increased from 9.1% and 6.2%, respectively, on the summit to 44.4% and 21.1%, respectively, on the toeslope, with averages of 21.5% and 14.2%, respectively; and (4) the mineralogy of the clay rock-derived soils and MSPs was generally dominated by illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite and calcite, which was similar to the mineralogy of the parent rocks. Therefore, a large amount of MSPs was found in clay rock-derived soils whose particle characteristics were determined by the environment of diagenesis and the physical weathering of pedogenesis.

ACS Style

Shouqin Zhong; Chaofu Wei; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie; Chengsheng Ni. Characterization of clay rock-derived soils containing multi-mineral sand particles in upland areas of Sichuan Basin, China. CATENA 2020, 194, 104737 .

AMA Style

Shouqin Zhong, Chaofu Wei, Jiupai Ni, Deti Xie, Chengsheng Ni. Characterization of clay rock-derived soils containing multi-mineral sand particles in upland areas of Sichuan Basin, China. CATENA. 2020; 194 ():104737.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shouqin Zhong; Chaofu Wei; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie; Chengsheng Ni. 2020. "Characterization of clay rock-derived soils containing multi-mineral sand particles in upland areas of Sichuan Basin, China." CATENA 194, no. : 104737.

Journal article
Published: 02 June 2020 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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The complex terrain and concentrated rainfall results in the loss of rainwater in the form of runoff, which aggravates soil erosion and nutrient loss in hilly areas around the world. Thus, low rainwater utilization rates and severe agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNSP) from hillslope land are the main global issues of concern in agriculture. The aims of this study were to improve in situ rainfall use, retain soil nutrients from loss and reduce AGNSP. This study characterized runoff and planned its harvesting engineering in Juxing village, Guandu town, which is located in the northeastern portion of Hechuan District, Chongqing municipality, the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China, by applying a geographic information system (GIS) based on the soil conservation service (SCS) and overland flow models, revealing the effects on soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) conservation. The results showed that more than 97% of the total annual runoff occurred from April to October, and the total annual runoff in each catchment ranged from 373 mm to 529 mm. Slope land leveling increased the soil thickness of slope land to within approximately 20–30 cm and decreased the grades to within approximately 5–15°, thereby effectively improving the residence time and effective soil water storage by approximately 20–140% and 30–131%, respectively. Although the “soil reservoir” improved after leveling, the maximum water deficit (84.2 mm) in unirrigated land was recorded in August. Thus, considering the spatial variation in soil, land use patterns, topography, and runoff in the study area, 24 additional ponds were built. The irrigation water of these ponds could supply approximately 89% of the required water storage. In addition, compared with the values before runoff harvesting engineering (RHE) construction, the total N (TN), total P (TP), available N (AN) and available P (AP) capacities of the unirrigated land soils in the study area after RHE construction increased by approximately 25.5, 27.4, 78.4 and 139.4%, respectively, and the TN, NH4+-N, TP and total dissolved P (TDP) contents in the runoff decreased by approximately 32.2, 59.7, 36.2 and 59.6%, respectively. Therefore, RHE, including slope land leveling and pond construction, improved the efficiency of water resources, increased the capacity for soil N and P conservation, and reduced AGNSP in the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China.

ACS Style

Shouqin Zhong; Weiping Liu; Chengsheng Ni; Qingyuan Yang; Jiupai Ni; Chaofu Wei. Runoff harvesting engineering and its effects on soil nitrogen and phosphorus conservation in the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2020, 301, 107022 .

AMA Style

Shouqin Zhong, Weiping Liu, Chengsheng Ni, Qingyuan Yang, Jiupai Ni, Chaofu Wei. Runoff harvesting engineering and its effects on soil nitrogen and phosphorus conservation in the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2020; 301 ():107022.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shouqin Zhong; Weiping Liu; Chengsheng Ni; Qingyuan Yang; Jiupai Ni; Chaofu Wei. 2020. "Runoff harvesting engineering and its effects on soil nitrogen and phosphorus conservation in the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 301, no. : 107022.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2020 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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Nitrogen (N) losses contribute to a series of ecological problems such as non-point source pollution and aquatic eutrophication. The effects of tillage practices on N losses in the sloping upland of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area was studied by comparing N losses of three conservation tillage practices (no-till, mulch-till and minimum till) in a short-term field experiment with the conventional one. N losses from plots of the no-till and minimum till treatments were less than those from plots of the conventional tillage treatment by 19.03 and 6.33 kg N ha−1, respectively. Moreover, a meta-analysis of related data published between 1991 and 2017 was showed that conservation tillage (bootstrap confidence intervals of −57.35% to −7.86%) significantly reduced N losses more than conventional tillage. No-till (bootstrap confidence intervals of −48.76% to −13.23%) was more effective in reducing N losses than mulch-till (bootstrap confidence intervals of −56.65% to 14.52%). Moreover, the effect of no-till was stronger (bootstrap confidence intervals of −66.38% to −34.29% and −69.32% to −34.29%, respectively) on carbon-poor (<10 g kg−1) and N-poor (<0.7 g kg−1) soils. These results indicate that the conservation tillage practice significantly reduced N losses (especially N losses via surface runoff) in the sloping upland of the TGR area compared with conventional tillage and the no-till was more effective at reducing N losses than mulch-till in the nutrient-poor soil. Moreover, no-till did better in reducing the N losses in surface runoff than in subsurface leachate. Therefore, we recommend the use of no-till as a farming practice to reduce N losses and facilitate the sustainable development of agriculture in the sloping upland of the TGR area.

ACS Style

Yang Zhang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Xibai Zeng. Conservation tillage practices reduce nitrogen losses in the sloping upland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area: No-till is better than mulch-till. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2020, 300, 107003 .

AMA Style

Yang Zhang, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Xibai Zeng. Conservation tillage practices reduce nitrogen losses in the sloping upland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area: No-till is better than mulch-till. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2020; 300 ():107003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Zhang; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Xibai Zeng. 2020. "Conservation tillage practices reduce nitrogen losses in the sloping upland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area: No-till is better than mulch-till." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 300, no. : 107003.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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High-intensity utilization of sloping farmland causes serious soil erosion and agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNSP) in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). Crop-mulberry systems are important agroforestry systems for controlling soil, water, and nutrient losses. However, there are many different mulberry hedgerow planting patterns in the TGRA. In this study, soil structure, nutrient buildup, and runoff nutrient loss were observed in field runoff plots with five configurations: P1 (two longitudinal mulberry hedgerows), P2 (two mulberry contour hedgerows), P3 (three mulberry contour hedgerows), P4 (mulberry hedgerow border), and P5 (mulberry hedgerow border and one mulberry contour hedgerow), as well as a control (CT; no mulberry hedgerows). P1 had the smallest percentage of aggregate destruction (18.8%) and largest mean weight diameter (4.48 mm). P5 led to the greatest accumulation of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+–N) and total phosphorus (TP) (13.4 kg ha−1 and 1444.5 kg ha−1 on average, respectively), while P4 led to the greatest accumulation of available phosphorus (AP), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−–N), and total nitrogen (TN) (114.0, 14.9, and 1694.1 kg ha−1, respectively). P5 was best at preventing soil erosion, with the smallest average annual runoff and sediment loss of 112.2 m3 ha−1 and 0.06 t ha−1, respectively, which were over 72.4% and 87.4% lower than those in CT, respectively. P5 and P4 intercepted the most N in runoff, with average NH4+–N, NO3−–N, particulate N, and TN losses of approximately 0.09, 0.07, 0.41, and 0.58 kg ha−1, respectively, which were 49.7%, 76.2%, 71.3%, and 69.9% lower than those in CT, respectively. P5 intercepted the most P in runoff, with average TP and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) losses of 0.09 and 0.04 kg ha−1, respectively, which were 77.5% and 70.4% lower than those in CT, respectively. Therefore, the pattern with one mulberry hedgerow border and one mulberry contour hedgerow (P5) best controlled AGNSP, followed by that with only a mulberry hedgerow border (P4).

ACS Style

Shouqin Zhong; Zhen Han; Jiangwen Li; Deti Xie; Qingyuan Yang; Jiupai Ni. Mechanized and Optimized Configuration Pattern of Crop-Mulberry Systems for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution on Sloping Farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3599 .

AMA Style

Shouqin Zhong, Zhen Han, Jiangwen Li, Deti Xie, Qingyuan Yang, Jiupai Ni. Mechanized and Optimized Configuration Pattern of Crop-Mulberry Systems for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution on Sloping Farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3599.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shouqin Zhong; Zhen Han; Jiangwen Li; Deti Xie; Qingyuan Yang; Jiupai Ni. 2020. "Mechanized and Optimized Configuration Pattern of Crop-Mulberry Systems for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution on Sloping Farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3599.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2020 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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Agricultural non-point source pollution (NPSP) is becoming a severe threat and seriously restricting the sustainable development of agricultural economy and rural environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas (TGRA). However, limited studies have focused on agricultural NPSP management in TGRA, especially for integrated technology systems with TGRA characteristics. An integrated slopping land/paddy field/hydro-fluctuation belt eco-system (SPHES) was constructed using best management practices in this study. Evaluation results of the SPHES at the comprehensive test demonstration zone showed that ecological engineering interception technologies on slopping land can reduce 80–90 % of sediment, 20–30 % of nitrogen (N), and 25–35 % of phosphorus (P), respectively. The utility of interception and absorption technology under ridge cropping pattern in paddy fields can effectively control inorganic N in sewage and P in external sewage within one week. Biological sequestration technologies of N and P in hydro-fluctuation belt can intercept 30–50 % of total N, 65–95 % of total P, and 75–90 % of sediments. In summary, the comprehensive removal rate of pollutants in agricultural NPSP exceeded 89 % using this eco-system. The work presented here provides the construction of this integrated eco-system for agricultural NPSP controlling, thereby applying to all small watersheds in the TGRA to control and manage agricultural NPSP. This integrated technology system has broad prospects for promotion and application in similar ecological areas.

ACS Style

Tong Zhang; Yuheng Yang; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. Construction of an integrated technology system for control agricultural non-point source pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2020, 295, 106919 .

AMA Style

Tong Zhang, Yuheng Yang, Jiupai Ni, Deti Xie. Construction of an integrated technology system for control agricultural non-point source pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2020; 295 ():106919.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Zhang; Yuheng Yang; Jiupai Ni; Deti Xie. 2020. "Construction of an integrated technology system for control agricultural non-point source pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 295, no. : 106919.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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As a constructed wetland ecosystem, paddy field plays an irreplaceable role in flood storage and detention, groundwater replenishment, environmental protection, and ecological balance maintenance. New paddy field construction can give full play to the production and ecological functions of paddy field and can adjust the development structure of the agricultural industry effectively. The soil properties of shear strength and permeability, which provide a theoretical basis for engineering design, construction, and post-operation, are important indexes in the site selection of new paddy field. The shear strength and permeability properties of soils from different land use types (vegetable field, gentle slope dryland, corn field, grapery, and abandoned dryland) for engineering new paddy field construction were investigated in this study. The results showed that the soil water content had a significant effect on the soil shear strength, internal friction angle, and cohesion. The total pressure required for soil destruction decreased with increasing water content under the same vertical pressure, resulting in easier destruction of soils. The internal friction angle decreased with increasing soil water content, and the soil cohesion first increased and then decreased with increasing soil water content. Considering that paddy fields were flooded for a long time, the soil strength properties had certain water sensitivity. Effective measures must be taken to reduce the change in soil water content, so as to ensure the stability of the embankment foundation, roadside ditch foundation, and cutting slope. In addition, the influence of changing soil water content on the strength properties of paddy soils should be fully considered in engineering design and construction, and the soil bulk density at the plough pan should reach at least 1.5 g cm−3 or more to ensure better water retention and the anti-seepage function of paddy field. The study can provide construction technology for engineering new paddy field construction in a hilly mountainous region of southwestern China.

ACS Style

Zhen Han; Jiangwen Li; Pengfei Gao; Bangwei Huang; Jiupai Ni; Chaofu Wei. Determining the Shear Strength and Permeability of Soils for Engineering of New Paddy Field Construction in a Hilly Mountainous Region of Southwestern China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1555 .

AMA Style

Zhen Han, Jiangwen Li, Pengfei Gao, Bangwei Huang, Jiupai Ni, Chaofu Wei. Determining the Shear Strength and Permeability of Soils for Engineering of New Paddy Field Construction in a Hilly Mountainous Region of Southwestern China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1555.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhen Han; Jiangwen Li; Pengfei Gao; Bangwei Huang; Jiupai Ni; Chaofu Wei. 2020. "Determining the Shear Strength and Permeability of Soils for Engineering of New Paddy Field Construction in a Hilly Mountainous Region of Southwestern China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1555.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Solid State Ionics
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Xiaojing Liu; Jun Zhou; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. FeNbO4-based oxide cathode for steam electrolysis. Solid State Ionics 2020, 345, 1 .

AMA Style

Xiaojing Liu, Jun Zhou, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng Ni. FeNbO4-based oxide cathode for steam electrolysis. Solid State Ionics. 2020; 345 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaojing Liu; Jun Zhou; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng Ni. 2020. "FeNbO4-based oxide cathode for steam electrolysis." Solid State Ionics 345, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2020 in Electrochimica Acta
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The advantage of n-type semiconductor for an anode of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) lies in its higher electronic conductivity in reducing atmosphere than in air. In this study, n-type FeNbO4-based oxides that can be reduced at temperatures below 700 °C for a conductivity above 1 S cm−1 are explored as anode materials for a ceria-based SOFC utilizing liquefied-petroleum-gas (LPG) fuel apart from pure H2. Fe0.8Nb1.2O4 with 20 at.% Fe deficiency was founded in the sample sintered at 1250 °C. The structure stability of FeNbO4 under reducing atmosphere can be improved by its solid solution with a less-reducible TiO2 that also stabilizes the high-temperature α-PbO2 type structure with mixed Fe3+ and Nb5+ cation. In particular, a full cell employing Ti0.36(Fe0.985Nb1.015)0.84O4, a stable and electrically conductive (1 S cm−1) oxide in 5% H2, as anode shows a powder density of 180 mW cm−2 at 700 °C if 0.5 wt% Pd is impregnated to increase the electrocatalysis and the electric loss is mostly from the electrolyte. The oxide anode showed a degradation (20% during the 5–26 h aging) and the carbon deposition is slight after 5-h operation under an LPG fuel.

ACS Style

Xiaojing Liu; Deti Xie; John Irvine; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng NI. An FeNbO4-based oxide anode for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Electrochimica Acta 2020, 335, 135692 .

AMA Style

Xiaojing Liu, Deti Xie, John Irvine, Jiupai Ni, Chengsheng NI. An FeNbO4-based oxide anode for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Electrochimica Acta. 2020; 335 ():135692.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaojing Liu; Deti Xie; John Irvine; Jiupai Ni; Chengsheng NI. 2020. "An FeNbO4-based oxide anode for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)." Electrochimica Acta 335, no. : 135692.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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A new nitrite accumulation pathway was discovered in the nitrogen conversion process of Arthrobacter arilaitensis. The extracellular nitrite reached 0.65 and 43.66 mg/L with hydroxylamine and nitrate as the sole nitrogen source, respectively. The enzyme activities of ammonia monooxygenase, hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and nitrate reductase were 0.42, 0.0014 and 0.0049 U/mg protein, respectively. The activity of nitrite reductase was completely inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamate. Intriguingly, the intracellular nitrite accumulated as high as 43.0, 42.26, 39.94 and 35.01 mg/L, when the Arthrobacter arilaitensis was incubated with Luria-Bertani medium, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite as the nitrogen source, respectively. These results confirmed that the highest concentration of intracellular nitrite was accumulated when LB was selected as the nitrogen source, followed by ammonium and nitrate, then nitrite was the least. To date, biochemical mechanism responsible for the accumulation of a high concentration of intracellular nitrite is unknown.

ACS Style

Tengxia He; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Zhu Li; Zhenlun Li. Characteristics of nitrogen transformation and intracellular nitrite accumulation by the hypothermia bacterium Arthrobacter arilaitensis. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 701, 134730 .

AMA Style

Tengxia He, Deti Xie, Jiupai Ni, Zhu Li, Zhenlun Li. Characteristics of nitrogen transformation and intracellular nitrite accumulation by the hypothermia bacterium Arthrobacter arilaitensis. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 701 ():134730.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tengxia He; Deti Xie; Jiupai Ni; Zhu Li; Zhenlun Li. 2019. "Characteristics of nitrogen transformation and intracellular nitrite accumulation by the hypothermia bacterium Arthrobacter arilaitensis." Science of The Total Environment 701, no. : 134730.