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Environmental sustainability is a major concern of contemporary societies, businesses, and governments. However, there is a lack of knowledge as to how countries can achieve the goal to end poverty, whilst protecting the planet. It is the objective of our study to examine the moderating role of institutional quality on the financial development and environmental quality nexus in South Asia. Our sample consists of panel data of five South Asian countries (India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Pakistan) from 1984 to 2018. We find that financial development increases CO2 emissions in this region, implying that countries in South Asia have utilized financial development for capitalization, instead of improving production technology. Institutional quality moderates the negative impact of financial development on environmental sustainability. An implication of our findings is that efforts to improve institutional quality may help to promote sustainable development in South Asia.
Ahmed Imran Hunjra; Tahar Tayachi; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Peter Verhoeven; Asad Mehmood. The Moderating Effect of Institutional Quality on the Financial Development and Environmental Quality Nexus. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3805 .
AMA StyleAhmed Imran Hunjra, Tahar Tayachi, Muhammad Irfan Chani, Peter Verhoeven, Asad Mehmood. The Moderating Effect of Institutional Quality on the Financial Development and Environmental Quality Nexus. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3805.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Imran Hunjra; Tahar Tayachi; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Peter Verhoeven; Asad Mehmood. 2020. "The Moderating Effect of Institutional Quality on the Financial Development and Environmental Quality Nexus." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3805.
Ownership structure plays a vital role in stock market liquidity. We analyze the impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity. We select 114 firms from manufacturing sector of Pakistan, India, Australia and Singapore. We extract data from DataStream from 2010 to 2018 of selected countries. We apply Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to analyze the data. We find that ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management significantly affect the stock market liquidity.
Ahmed Imran Hunjra; Uzma Perveen; Leon Li; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Rashid Mehmood. Impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity. Corporate Ownership and Control 2020, 17, 77 -87.
AMA StyleAhmed Imran Hunjra, Uzma Perveen, Leon Li, Muhammad Irfan Chani, Rashid Mehmood. Impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity. Corporate Ownership and Control. 2020; 17 (2):77-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Imran Hunjra; Uzma Perveen; Leon Li; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Rashid Mehmood. 2020. "Impact of ownership concentration, institutional ownership and earnings management on stock market liquidity." Corporate Ownership and Control 17, no. 2: 77-87.
We examined the impact of corporate diversification and financial structure on the firms’ financial performance. We collected data from 520 manufacturing firms from Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. We used panel data of 14 years from 2004–2017 to analyze the results. We applied a two-step dynamic panel approach to analyze the hypotheses. We found that product diversification and geographic diversification significantly affected the firms’ financial performance. We further found that dividend policy and capital structure had a significant impact on the firm’s financial performance.
Rashid Mehmood; Ahmed Imran Hunjra; Muhammad Irfan Chani. The Impact of Corporate Diversification and Financial Structure on Firm Performance: Evidence from South Asian Countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2019, 12, 49 .
AMA StyleRashid Mehmood, Ahmed Imran Hunjra, Muhammad Irfan Chani. The Impact of Corporate Diversification and Financial Structure on Firm Performance: Evidence from South Asian Countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 2019; 12 (1):49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRashid Mehmood; Ahmed Imran Hunjra; Muhammad Irfan Chani. 2019. "The Impact of Corporate Diversification and Financial Structure on Firm Performance: Evidence from South Asian Countries." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 12, no. 1: 49.
Major Crops Forecasting Area, Production and Yield Evidence from Agriculture Sector of Pakistan
Dilshad Ahmad; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Asad Afzal Humayon. Major Crops Forecasting Area, Production and Yield Evidence from Agriculture Sector of Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 2017, 33, 385 -396.
AMA StyleDilshad Ahmad, Muhammad Irfan Chani, Asad Afzal Humayon. Major Crops Forecasting Area, Production and Yield Evidence from Agriculture Sector of Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 2017; 33 (3):385-396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDilshad Ahmad; Muhammad Irfan Chani; Asad Afzal Humayon. 2017. "Major Crops Forecasting Area, Production and Yield Evidence from Agriculture Sector of Pakistan." Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 33, no. 3: 385-396.
The present study investigates dynamic relationship between exports and imports of Pakistan by using fiscal year data from1948-49 to 2012-13. ARDL co-integration technique has been employed to estimate the relationship and from empirical results, it is concluded that exports and imports are indeed co-integrated or in other words, long run equilibrium relationship does exist between exports and imports of Pakistan. It is further concluded that Pakistan is not violating its international budget constraints. VECM estimation also confirms that exports and imports are co-integrated and coefficient of error correction term indicates that in case of any departure from equilibrium exports adjust back at the speed of 17.147 percent of its last year disequilibrium value and it takes 5.832 years to fade away any impact caused by short term trade imbalances. Results obtained by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) test indicate that bi-directional causal relationship also exists between exports and imports of Pakistan. Findings of the current study has very important implications for policy makers to design such macroeconomic policies that can lead to establish long run equilibrium relationship between exports and imports adjusting short term trade deficit shocks to avoid violation of international budget constraints.
Ali Farhan Chaudhry; Abdul Rauf Butt; Muhammad Irfan Chani. Long-Run Relationship between Exports and Imports of Pakistan. International Journal of Economics and Finance 2017, 9, 204 .
AMA StyleAli Farhan Chaudhry, Abdul Rauf Butt, Muhammad Irfan Chani. Long-Run Relationship between Exports and Imports of Pakistan. International Journal of Economics and Finance. 2017; 9 (8):204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Farhan Chaudhry; Abdul Rauf Butt; Muhammad Irfan Chani. 2017. "Long-Run Relationship between Exports and Imports of Pakistan." International Journal of Economics and Finance 9, no. 8: 204.
This study investigates the causal relationship between human capital inequality and income inequality in case of Pakistan. The annual time series data ranging from 1973 to 2009 is used for econometric analysis. Johanson co-integration and Granger Causality tests are used to confirm the existence of long run relationship and the causal relationship between human capital inequality and income inequality. The results indicate that there is positive relationship between the two types of inequalities in the long run. The estimates of causality test indicate that income inequality causes the human capital inequality but human capital inequality does not cause income inequality. Policy initiatives to reduce income inequality may empower people economically to avail skill building opportunities and accumulate their human capital through access to educational services.
Muhammad Irfan Chani; Sajjad Ahmad Jan; Zahid Pervaiz; Amatul Chaudhary. Human capital inequality and income inequality: testing for causality. Quality & Quantity 2012, 48, 149 -156.
AMA StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani, Sajjad Ahmad Jan, Zahid Pervaiz, Amatul Chaudhary. Human capital inequality and income inequality: testing for causality. Quality & Quantity. 2012; 48 (1):149-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani; Sajjad Ahmad Jan; Zahid Pervaiz; Amatul Chaudhary. 2012. "Human capital inequality and income inequality: testing for causality." Quality & Quantity 48, no. 1: 149-156.
This paper aims to investigate the causal relationship between foreign direct investment and gross domestic savings in Bangladesh over a period of 1985-2007. In doing so, Johansen cointegration technique and error correction methods are employed to examine the long run and short run relationship between foreign direct investment and gross domestic savings. To determine the direction of causality, we used innovation accounting approach. Results suggest that there exist bi-directional causal relationship between foreign direct investment and gross domestic savings but the movement is stronger from domestic savings to foreign direct investment. The result also implies complimentary relationship between them and as such, policy makers in Bangladesh need to focus on the determinants of both FDI and domestic savings in order to accelerate its growth.
Muhammad Irfan Chani; Mohammad Salahuddin; Muhammad Qaiser Shahbaz. A Note on Causal Relationship Between FDI and Savings in Bangladesh. SSRN Electronic Journal 2010, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani, Mohammad Salahuddin, Muhammad Qaiser Shahbaz. A Note on Causal Relationship Between FDI and Savings in Bangladesh. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2010; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani; Mohammad Salahuddin; Muhammad Qaiser Shahbaz. 2010. "A Note on Causal Relationship Between FDI and Savings in Bangladesh." SSRN Electronic Journal , no. : 1.
Pakistan showed a healthy growth rate of 5.6 percent during the entire history and faced many ups and downs in economic growth due to dramatic changes in political regimes. The literature shows mixed results regarding the impact of autocracy or democracy on economic growth. The aggregate growth of the economy under autocracy remained better as compared to democratic period. Financial indicators show consistent path through out the history of Pakistan. Different trade policies are designed in different regime to run the external sector and the impact of each policy was different.
Muhammad Irfan Chani; Nasir Iqbal; Sardar Javaid Iqbal Khan. Democracy Autocracy and Macroeconomic Performance in Pakistan. SSRN Electronic Journal 2008, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani, Nasir Iqbal, Sardar Javaid Iqbal Khan. Democracy Autocracy and Macroeconomic Performance in Pakistan. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2008; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Irfan Chani; Nasir Iqbal; Sardar Javaid Iqbal Khan. 2008. "Democracy Autocracy and Macroeconomic Performance in Pakistan." SSRN Electronic Journal , no. : 1.