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Background Comparative data from non-human primates provide insight into the processes that shaped the evolution of the human gut microbiome and highlight microbiome traits that differentiate humans from other primates. Here, in an effort to improve our understanding of the human microbiome, we compare gut microbiome composition and functional potential in 14 populations of humans from ten nations and 18 species of wild, non-human primates. Results Contrary to expectations from host phylogenetics, we find that human gut microbiome composition and functional potential are more similar to those of cercopithecines, a subfamily of Old World monkey, particularly baboons, than to those of African apes. Additionally, our data reveal more inter-individual variation in gut microbiome functional potential within the human species than across other primate species, suggesting that the human gut microbiome may exhibit more plasticity in response to environmental variation compared to that of other primates. Conclusions Given similarities of ancestral human habitats and dietary strategies to those of baboons, these findings suggest that convergent ecologies shaped the gut microbiomes of both humans and cercopithecines, perhaps through environmental exposure to microbes, diet, and/or associated physiological adaptations. Increased inter-individual variation in the human microbiome may be associated with human dietary diversity or the ability of humans to inhabit novel environments. Overall, these findings show that diet, ecology, and physiological adaptations are more important than host-microbe co-diversification in shaping the human microbiome, providing a key foundation for comparative analyses of the role of the microbiome in human biology and health.
Katherine R. Amato; Elizabeth K. Mallott; Daniel McDonald; Nathaniel J. Dominy; Tony Goldberg; Joanna E. Lambert; Larissa Swedell; Jessica L. Metcalf; Andres Gomez; Gillian A. O. Britton; Rebecca M. Stumpf; Steven R. Leigh; Rob Knight. Convergence of human and Old World monkey gut microbiomes demonstrates the importance of human ecology over phylogeny. Genome Biology 2019, 20, 1 -12.
AMA StyleKatherine R. Amato, Elizabeth K. Mallott, Daniel McDonald, Nathaniel J. Dominy, Tony Goldberg, Joanna E. Lambert, Larissa Swedell, Jessica L. Metcalf, Andres Gomez, Gillian A. O. Britton, Rebecca M. Stumpf, Steven R. Leigh, Rob Knight. Convergence of human and Old World monkey gut microbiomes demonstrates the importance of human ecology over phylogeny. Genome Biology. 2019; 20 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatherine R. Amato; Elizabeth K. Mallott; Daniel McDonald; Nathaniel J. Dominy; Tony Goldberg; Joanna E. Lambert; Larissa Swedell; Jessica L. Metcalf; Andres Gomez; Gillian A. O. Britton; Rebecca M. Stumpf; Steven R. Leigh; Rob Knight. 2019. "Convergence of human and Old World monkey gut microbiomes demonstrates the importance of human ecology over phylogeny." Genome Biology 20, no. 1: 1-12.
Joanna E. Lambert. The intrinsic value of nature. Animal Sentience 2019, 4, 13 .
AMA StyleJoanna E. Lambert. The intrinsic value of nature. Animal Sentience. 2019; 4 (27):13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna E. Lambert. 2019. "The intrinsic value of nature." Animal Sentience 4, no. 27: 13.
Information related to primate food consumption, nutrition, feeding biology, and digestive strategy The Order Primates comprises 496 number of species in 16 families, distributed throughout Mexico,...
Joanna E. Lambert. Primate Diet. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior 2018, 1 -4.
AMA StyleJoanna E. Lambert. Primate Diet. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. 2018; ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna E. Lambert. 2018. "Primate Diet." Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior , no. : 1-4.
Joanna E. Lambert. Primate Diet. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior 2017, 1 -4.
AMA StyleJoanna E. Lambert. Primate Diet. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. 2017; ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna E. Lambert. 2017. "Primate Diet." Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior , no. : 1-4.
Joanna E. Lambert; Jessica M. Rothman. Fallback Foods, Optimal Diets, and Nutritional Targets: Primate Responses to Varying Food Availability and Quality. Annual Review of Anthropology 2015, 44, 493 -512.
AMA StyleJoanna E. Lambert, Jessica M. Rothman. Fallback Foods, Optimal Diets, and Nutritional Targets: Primate Responses to Varying Food Availability and Quality. Annual Review of Anthropology. 2015; 44 (1):493-512.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna E. Lambert; Jessica M. Rothman. 2015. "Fallback Foods, Optimal Diets, and Nutritional Targets: Primate Responses to Varying Food Availability and Quality." Annual Review of Anthropology 44, no. 1: 493-512.
Joanna E. Lambert; Jessica M. Rothman. Nutritional and Energetic Correlates of Cheek Pouch Use in Cercopithecinae. Journal of East African Natural History 2015, 104, 31 -40.
AMA StyleJoanna E. Lambert, Jessica M. Rothman. Nutritional and Energetic Correlates of Cheek Pouch Use in Cercopithecinae. Journal of East African Natural History. 2015; 104 (1-2):31-40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna E. Lambert; Jessica M. Rothman. 2015. "Nutritional and Energetic Correlates of Cheek Pouch Use in Cercopithecinae." Journal of East African Natural History 104, no. 1-2: 31-40.