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To develop an optimum design concept for the submerged floating tunnel (SFT), many studies have evaluated the dynamic behavioral characteristics of submerged structures under various design loads and it has been concluded that rational mooring systems should be applied to very large and long submerged structures for use as transportation facilities. For this purpose, the concept of SFTs moored by laterally inclined tethers anchored to the seabed has been mainly studied. However, the issue of erecting many tethers with individual seabed anchors or piles should be solved for the mooring systems. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of the SFTs moored by inclined tethers attached to fixed towers. The new concept of SFTs, which fundamentally originated from cable-stayed bridges, was proposed for reducing burden of construction of individual seabed piles for each tether. In this study, behavioral characteristics of the SFT under the regular and irregular waves were investigated by performing hydrodynamic analysis in time-domain. For suggesting feasible and acceptable concepts for the transportation facilities, the effects of various geometric design parameters, such as the draft, sectional characteristics of the tunnel, stiffness of the tethers, and inclination of the fixed tower legs on the structural behaviors have been evaluated.
Deokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park; Young Jong Kang; Seungjun Kim. Dynamic behavior of the submerged floating tunnel moored by inclined tethers attached to fixed towers. Ocean Engineering 2021, 237, 109663 .
AMA StyleDeokhee Won, Woo-Sun Park, Young Jong Kang, Seungjun Kim. Dynamic behavior of the submerged floating tunnel moored by inclined tethers attached to fixed towers. Ocean Engineering. 2021; 237 ():109663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park; Young Jong Kang; Seungjun Kim. 2021. "Dynamic behavior of the submerged floating tunnel moored by inclined tethers attached to fixed towers." Ocean Engineering 237, no. : 109663.
In this study, the structural torsional behavior of module joints of steel composite hollow reinforced concrete (RC) for submerged floating tunnels (SFTs) was evaluated experimentally and analytically. The proposed precast model for the SFT had initial stiffness values similar to those of the continuous model. However, the maximum torsional moment of the precast model was lower than that of the continuous model. The torsional moment capacity of the precast model was evaluated by analytical and experimental studies as well as a parametric study. The main parameters included the thickness and connection states of the inner tubes, sizes of the shear keys, and tensile forces of the prestressed concrete (PC) tendons. Among the four parameters, the thickness and connection state of the inner tubes had a more dominant influence. Additionally, the sizes of the shear keys influenced the integration of the concrete parts. During the design of the SFT module joint, these effective parameters should be considered for the improvement of the SFT structural performance.
Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Woo-Sun Park; Seungjun Kim. Torsional behavior of precast segment module joints for a submerged floating tunnels. Ocean Engineering 2020, 220, 108490 .
AMA StyleDeokhee Won, Jihye Seo, Woo-Sun Park, Seungjun Kim. Torsional behavior of precast segment module joints for a submerged floating tunnels. Ocean Engineering. 2020; 220 ():108490.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Woo-Sun Park; Seungjun Kim. 2020. "Torsional behavior of precast segment module joints for a submerged floating tunnels." Ocean Engineering 220, no. : 108490.
Woo-Sun Park; Byeong Wook Lee. Consideration on Ways to Reduce a Edge Pressure at Bottom Plate of Caisson Breakwaters. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2020, 32, 331 -339.
AMA StyleWoo-Sun Park, Byeong Wook Lee. Consideration on Ways to Reduce a Edge Pressure at Bottom Plate of Caisson Breakwaters. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2020; 32 (5):331-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoo-Sun Park; Byeong Wook Lee. 2020. "Consideration on Ways to Reduce a Edge Pressure at Bottom Plate of Caisson Breakwaters." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 32, no. 5: 331-339.
The maximum external force acting on a long continuous harbor structure can be reduced by controlling the phase difference of forces acting longitudinally. This strategy can be used to increase the structural stability of breakwaters consisting of caissons. Breakwaters have been developed using interlocking caissons to effectively respond to the constant increase in wave height due to climate change. In this study, we investigated the wave force characteristics and stability of a detached breakwater consisting of open cell caissons interlocked via crushed stones. We performed wave basin experiments and compared the results with analytical solutions of linear diffraction waves. The results revealed that the maximum wave force acting on the front of the breakwater decreased as the incident angle increased, reducing by as much as 79% for an incident angle of 30°. Although the variability of the maximum wave force for each caisson is large owing to the influence of the diffracted waves, the maximum wave force acting on the entire detached breakwater was not significantly affected by this variability. The analytical solutions based on linear wave theory agreed with the experimental results, indicating that the findings can be applied to actual designs. The structural stability of the breakwater was enhanced, even for low incident wave angles, compared to that of a single integral structure, as the frictional resistance produced by the sliding structure increased due to the shear resistance between the filled crushed stones and the rubble mound.
Byeong Wook Lee; Jae-Sang Jung; Woo-Sun Park; Jae-Seon Yoon. Wave Force Characteristics and Stability of Detached Breakwaters Consisting of Open Cell Caissons Interlocked via Crushed Stones. Water 2020, 12, 2873 .
AMA StyleByeong Wook Lee, Jae-Sang Jung, Woo-Sun Park, Jae-Seon Yoon. Wave Force Characteristics and Stability of Detached Breakwaters Consisting of Open Cell Caissons Interlocked via Crushed Stones. Water. 2020; 12 (10):2873.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByeong Wook Lee; Jae-Sang Jung; Woo-Sun Park; Jae-Seon Yoon. 2020. "Wave Force Characteristics and Stability of Detached Breakwaters Consisting of Open Cell Caissons Interlocked via Crushed Stones." Water 12, no. 10: 2873.
Climate change has resulted in increased intensity and frequency of typhoons and storm surges. Accordingly, attention has been paid to securing the breakwater’s stability to protect the safety of the port. Herein, hydraulic model experiments were conducted to evaluate the hydraulic performance of a vertical breakwater having a rear parapet. For comparison, cases in which the parapet was placed on the seaside, the harborside, and at the center of the breakwater were considered. Regular waves were used for convenient performance analysis. Five wave gauges and nine pressure transducers were installed to secure physical data for hydraulic performance evaluation. Results showed that a rear parapet can reduce the maximum wave force acting on the breakwater. Even though impulsive pressure was generated, it did not affect the stability of the breakwater owing to the phase difference between the maximum wave pressures acting on the caisson and parapet. By decreasing the maximum wave force, the required self-weight that satisfies the safety factor of 1.2 was reduced by up to 82.7%; the maximum bearing pressure was reduced by up to 47.6% compared with that of the parapet located on the seaside. Thus, the rear parapet was found to be more suitable for actual applications.
Byeong Wook Lee; Woo-Sun Park. Evaluation of the Hydraulic Performance of a Rear-Parapet Vertical Breakwater under Regular Waves through Hydraulic Experiments. Water 2020, 12, 2428 .
AMA StyleByeong Wook Lee, Woo-Sun Park. Evaluation of the Hydraulic Performance of a Rear-Parapet Vertical Breakwater under Regular Waves through Hydraulic Experiments. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2428.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByeong Wook Lee; Woo-Sun Park. 2020. "Evaluation of the Hydraulic Performance of a Rear-Parapet Vertical Breakwater under Regular Waves through Hydraulic Experiments." Water 12, no. 9: 2428.
Byeong Wook Lee; Woo-Sun Park; Sukjin Ahn. Stability Evaluation of Rear-Parapet Caisson Breakwaters under Regular Waves by Numerical Simulation. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2020, 32, 95 -105.
AMA StyleByeong Wook Lee, Woo-Sun Park, Sukjin Ahn. Stability Evaluation of Rear-Parapet Caisson Breakwaters under Regular Waves by Numerical Simulation. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2020; 32 (2):95-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByeong Wook Lee; Woo-Sun Park; Sukjin Ahn. 2020. "Stability Evaluation of Rear-Parapet Caisson Breakwaters under Regular Waves by Numerical Simulation." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 32, no. 2: 95-105.
Woo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Byeong Wook Lee. Proposal of Rotating Stability Assessment Formula for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater Subjected to Wave Forces. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2020, 32, 11 -16.
AMA StyleWoo-Sun Park, Deokhee Won, Jihye Seo, Byeong Wook Lee. Proposal of Rotating Stability Assessment Formula for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater Subjected to Wave Forces. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2020; 32 (1):11-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Byeong Wook Lee. 2020. "Proposal of Rotating Stability Assessment Formula for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater Subjected to Wave Forces." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 32, no. 1: 11-16.
This paper presents a design for a movable barrier on the revetment of the Haeundae Marine City in Busan, the Korea. This movable barrier was developed to use as a tourist deck in a normal state and to block wave overtopping in an abnormal state. To carry out the physical experiment in a wave flume, the model structure was reduced to a scale of 1/36 compared to the field structure. The discharge of the wave overtopping, the uplift pressure acting on the under surface of a non-standing barrier, and the wave pressure acting in front of a standing barrier were measured to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the movable barrier. The results show that the impulsive pressure acts on the movable barrier, although the overtopping discharge is less than the allowable limit. When designing a movable barrier at a full scale, engineers should consider the impulsive pressure to secure the barrier’s stability on the target site.
Byeong Wook Lee; Jihye Seo; Woo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won. A Hydraulic Experimental Study of a Movable Barrier on a Revetment to Block Wave Overtopping. Applied Sciences 2019, 10, 89 .
AMA StyleByeong Wook Lee, Jihye Seo, Woo-Sun Park, Deokhee Won. A Hydraulic Experimental Study of a Movable Barrier on a Revetment to Block Wave Overtopping. Applied Sciences. 2019; 10 (1):89.
Chicago/Turabian StyleByeong Wook Lee; Jihye Seo; Woo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won. 2019. "A Hydraulic Experimental Study of a Movable Barrier on a Revetment to Block Wave Overtopping." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1: 89.
In this paper, case studies were carried out to analyze the feasibility of submerged floating tunnels (SFTs) with suspension cables. In order to apply an SFT in a field site, the deformation of the system should be controlled, even under extreme wave conditions, if vehicles or trains operate inside the SFT. Two types of suspended SFTs were proposed to analyze their hydrodynamic behavior. The main variables were the wave conditions, cross-sectional diameters, buoyancy weight ratios, inclination angles of the main cables, and installation depth of the SFT. Overall, it was found that the SFT with a mid-anchor was superior from a hydrodynamic point of view. However, a detailed hydrodynamic analysis must be performed to avoid the conditions that previously produced slack. In addition, in a case where acceleration is generated by motion, the design should be reviewed to ensure safe conditions, according to the traffic passage.
Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Seungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park. Hydrodynamic Behavior of Submerged Floating Tunnels with Suspension Cables and Towers under Irregular Waves. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 5494 .
AMA StyleDeokhee Won, Jihye Seo, Seungjun Kim, Woo-Sun Park. Hydrodynamic Behavior of Submerged Floating Tunnels with Suspension Cables and Towers under Irregular Waves. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (24):5494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Seungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park. 2019. "Hydrodynamic Behavior of Submerged Floating Tunnels with Suspension Cables and Towers under Irregular Waves." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24: 5494.
In a typical breakwater, a parapet has been placed on the sea side to actively block the wave overtopping. Therefore, if the wave height increases, the parapet height should be high. If the parapet becomes high, the wave force is increased. If the wave force increases, the self-weight of the breakwater should be increased to secure required safety. If the self-weight increases, the ground should be reinforced, which is very difficult and costly in reality. In this study, a method to efficiently improve the stability of a breakwater by moving a parapet placed on the seaside to the harbor side was studied. Using CADMAS-SURF 2D, the wave force acting on the parapet and acting on the breakwater surface facing outer sea were calculated. Numerical results show that the maximum wave force acting on the breakwater can be reduced by more than 14% only by placing the parapet harbor side. This is because the wave force acting on the parapet has a large phase difference.
W. S. Park; B. W. Lee; S. C. Jang. Influence of the Parapet Location to Wave Forces Acting on a Caisson Breakwater. APAC 2019 2019, 965 -970.
AMA StyleW. S. Park, B. W. Lee, S. C. Jang. Influence of the Parapet Location to Wave Forces Acting on a Caisson Breakwater. APAC 2019. 2019; ():965-970.
Chicago/Turabian StyleW. S. Park; B. W. Lee; S. C. Jang. 2019. "Influence of the Parapet Location to Wave Forces Acting on a Caisson Breakwater." APAC 2019 , no. : 965-970.
Park, W.S.; Won, D.H.; Seo, J.H., and Lee, B.W., 2018. Stability assessment formulas for an interlocking caisson breakwater under oblique wave conditions.. In: Shim, J.-S.; Chun, I., and Lim, H.S. (eds.), Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2018 (Busan, Republic of Korea). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 85, pp.1236–1240. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. As a countermeasure for improving the stability of conventional caisson breakwaters, a method has been proposed in which adjacent caissons are interlocked with each other to consecutively resist the abnormal wave forces. It is not possible to reasonably evaluate the stability of breakwaters that have been elongated by interlocking, especially for oblique waves, by using the current design criterion defined for breakwater sections. Therefore, it was studied the stability assessment formula of an interlocking caisson breakwater under oblique wave conditions, in this study. To maintain consistency in checking the stability, it was introduced a reduction factor which is defined as the ratio of the expected maximum force for an oblique wave to that for a perpendicular wave. Using the linear wave theory, the expected maximum force was calculated considering the effect of the phase difference of hydrodynamic pressures along a breakwater. On the other hand, Goda's pressure formula was adopted as a design pressure distribution in the vertical direction to consider nonlinearities and randomness of the design wave, reasonably. Based on these assumptions, safety assessment formulas of the breakwater were developed considering the phase effect between the horizontal and uplift forces. Numerical calculations show that the proposed assessment formula for the interlocking caisson breakwater gives reasonable results, i.e., the estimated stability increases, as the wave attack angle increases. To judge the validity of the results, indirectly, the stabilities were estimated for regular and irregular wave conditions, and the results were compared each other.
Woo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Byeong Wook Lee. Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Oblique Wave Conditions. Journal of Coastal Research 2018, 85, 1236 -1240.
AMA StyleWoo-Sun Park, Deokhee Won, Jihye Seo, Byeong Wook Lee. Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Oblique Wave Conditions. Journal of Coastal Research. 2018; 85 ():1236-1240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo; Byeong Wook Lee. 2018. "Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Oblique Wave Conditions." Journal of Coastal Research 85, no. : 1236-1240.
Jihye Seo; Deokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park. Behavior Analysis of Circular Steel Tube under Fire. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018, 10, 157 -161.
AMA StyleJihye Seo, Deokhee Won, Woo-Sun Park. Behavior Analysis of Circular Steel Tube under Fire. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2018; 10 (2):157-161.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJihye Seo; Deokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park. 2018. "Behavior Analysis of Circular Steel Tube under Fire." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 2: 157-161.
Woo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo. Proposal of Sliding Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Wave Forces. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2017, 29, 77 -82.
AMA StyleWoo-Sun Park, Deokhee Won, Jihye Seo. Proposal of Sliding Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Wave Forces. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2017; 29 (2):77-82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoo-Sun Park; Deokhee Won; Jihye Seo. 2017. "Proposal of Sliding Stability Assessment Formulas for an Interlocking Caisson Breakwater under Wave Forces." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 29, no. 2: 77-82.
Jihye Seo; Deokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park. Behavior of Walls of Open-cell Caissons Using Filler under Abnormally High Waves. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2017, 29, 83 -91.
AMA StyleJihye Seo, Deokhee Won, Woo-Sun Park. Behavior of Walls of Open-cell Caissons Using Filler under Abnormally High Waves. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2017; 29 (2):83-91.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJihye Seo; Deokhee Won; Woo-Sun Park. 2017. "Behavior of Walls of Open-cell Caissons Using Filler under Abnormally High Waves." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 29, no. 2: 83-91.
Seungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park; Deok-Hee Won. Hydrodynamic Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Structures by Finite Element Analysis. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 2016, 36, 955 -967.
AMA StyleSeungjun Kim, Woo-Sun Park, Deok-Hee Won. Hydrodynamic Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Structures by Finite Element Analysis. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers. 2016; 36 (6):955-967.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park; Deok-Hee Won. 2016. "Hydrodynamic Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Structures by Finite Element Analysis." Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 36, no. 6: 955-967.
Jihye Seo; Deok Hee Won; Woo-Sun Park; Seungjun Kim. Elastic Buckling Behavior of Circular Steel Tube in Fire. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2016, 16, 195 -202.
AMA StyleJihye Seo, Deok Hee Won, Woo-Sun Park, Seungjun Kim. Elastic Buckling Behavior of Circular Steel Tube in Fire. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation. 2016; 16 (4):195-202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJihye Seo; Deok Hee Won; Woo-Sun Park; Seungjun Kim. 2016. "Elastic Buckling Behavior of Circular Steel Tube in Fire." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 16, no. 4: 195-202.
Deok Hee Won; Taek Hee Han; Seungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park; Young Jong Kang. Transverse reinforcement for confinement at plastic hinge of circular composite hollow RC columns. Computers and Concrete 2016, 17, 387 -406.
AMA StyleDeok Hee Won, Taek Hee Han, Seungjun Kim, Woo-Sun Park, Young Jong Kang. Transverse reinforcement for confinement at plastic hinge of circular composite hollow RC columns. Computers and Concrete. 2016; 17 (3):387-406.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeok Hee Won; Taek Hee Han; Seungjun Kim; Woo-Sun Park; Young Jong Kang. 2016. "Transverse reinforcement for confinement at plastic hinge of circular composite hollow RC columns." Computers and Concrete 17, no. 3: 387-406.
Ji Hye Seo; Jin Hak Yi; Woo Sun Park; Deck Hee Won. Dispersion Characteristics of Wave Forces on Interlocking Caisson Breakwaters by Cross Cables. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 2015, 27, 315 -323.
AMA StyleJi Hye Seo, Jin Hak Yi, Woo Sun Park, Deck Hee Won. Dispersion Characteristics of Wave Forces on Interlocking Caisson Breakwaters by Cross Cables. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers. 2015; 27 (5):315-323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJi Hye Seo; Jin Hak Yi; Woo Sun Park; Deck Hee Won. 2015. "Dispersion Characteristics of Wave Forces on Interlocking Caisson Breakwaters by Cross Cables." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 27, no. 5: 315-323.
Jeong-Seok Kim; Ji-Hye Seo; Joong-Woo Lee; Woo-Sun Park. Numerical Analysis of Reflection Characteristics of Perforated Breakwater with a Resonant Channel. Journal of Navigation and Port Research 2014, 38, 503 -509.
AMA StyleJeong-Seok Kim, Ji-Hye Seo, Joong-Woo Lee, Woo-Sun Park. Numerical Analysis of Reflection Characteristics of Perforated Breakwater with a Resonant Channel. Journal of Navigation and Port Research. 2014; 38 (5):503-509.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeong-Seok Kim; Ji-Hye Seo; Joong-Woo Lee; Woo-Sun Park. 2014. "Numerical Analysis of Reflection Characteristics of Perforated Breakwater with a Resonant Channel." Journal of Navigation and Port Research 38, no. 5: 503-509.
Jihye Seo; Taek Hee Han; Woo-Sun Park; Sang-Hun Han; Deok Hee Won. Damage Rate of Reinforced Concrete Submerged Floating Tunnels Under Fire Scenarios. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2014, 14, 59 -65.
AMA StyleJihye Seo, Taek Hee Han, Woo-Sun Park, Sang-Hun Han, Deok Hee Won. Damage Rate of Reinforced Concrete Submerged Floating Tunnels Under Fire Scenarios. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation. 2014; 14 (4):59-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJihye Seo; Taek Hee Han; Woo-Sun Park; Sang-Hun Han; Deok Hee Won. 2014. "Damage Rate of Reinforced Concrete Submerged Floating Tunnels Under Fire Scenarios." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 14, no. 4: 59-65.