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As the effects of climate change are severely straining West African agricultural systems, the adoption of more incisive interventions in support of sustainable development agendas for the region is highly critical and cannot be further delayed by governments. Neglected and underutilized species (NUS) are one important ally in pursuing resilience in both production and food systems because of their promising traits in terms of nutrition, adaptation to local agroecosystems, and economic potential for local populations. Focusing on fonio, a gluten-free traditional cereal, and Bambara groundnut, a protein-rich leguminous crop, we investigate issues in their production, commercialization, and consumption in southern Mali. The aim was to assess needs and opportunities for improving their value chains and increasing their use and societal benefits. Using a Rapid Market Appraisal method, we surveyed traders, producers, processors, and consumers of target crops in 2017 and 2018. Our findings indicate that while both crops are consumed and praised by local populations, critical bottlenecks inhibit their wider socioeconomic potential. Lack of access to inputs and equipment and presence of sand in the commercialized product are important issues for fonio, whereas the Bambara groundnut value chain suffers from poor processing facilities and lack of market promotion. Policy recommendations to tackle the identified bottlenecks are proposed.
Charlie Mbosso; Basile Boulay; Stefano Padulosi; Gennifer Meldrum; Youssoufa Mohamadou; Aminata Berthe Niang; Harouna Coulibaly; Yara Koreissi; Amadou Sidibé. Fonio and Bambara Groundnut Value Chains in Mali: Issues, Needs, and Opportunities for Their Sustainable Promotion. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4766 .
AMA StyleCharlie Mbosso, Basile Boulay, Stefano Padulosi, Gennifer Meldrum, Youssoufa Mohamadou, Aminata Berthe Niang, Harouna Coulibaly, Yara Koreissi, Amadou Sidibé. Fonio and Bambara Groundnut Value Chains in Mali: Issues, Needs, and Opportunities for Their Sustainable Promotion. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4766.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCharlie Mbosso; Basile Boulay; Stefano Padulosi; Gennifer Meldrum; Youssoufa Mohamadou; Aminata Berthe Niang; Harouna Coulibaly; Yara Koreissi; Amadou Sidibé. 2020. "Fonio and Bambara Groundnut Value Chains in Mali: Issues, Needs, and Opportunities for Their Sustainable Promotion." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4766.
Calls for a global food system transformation and finding more sustainable ways of producing healthier, safe and nutritious food for all have spurred production approaches such as sustainable intensification and biofortification with limited consideration of the copious amounts of orphan crops, traditional varieties and wild edible species readily available in many countries, mostly in and around smallholder farmers’ fields. This paper explores the potential role of locally available; affordable and climate-resilient orphan crops, traditional varieties and wild edible species to support local food system transformation. Evidence from Brazil, Kenya, Guatemala, India, Mali, Sri Lanka and Turkey is used to showcase a three-pronged approach that aims to: (i) increase evidence of the nutritional value and biocultural importance of these foods, (ii) better link research to policy to ensure these foods are considered in national food and nutrition security strategies and actions, and (iii) improve consumer awareness of the desirability of these alternative foods so that they may more easily be incorporated in diets, food systems and markets. In the seven countries, this approach has brought about positive changes around increasing community dietary diversity and increasing market opportunities for smallholder growers, as well as increased attention to biodiversity conservation.
Teresa Borelli; Danny Hunter; Stefano Padulosi; Nadezda Amaya; Gennifer Meldrum; Daniela Moura De Oliveira Beltrame; Gamini Samarasinghe; Victor W. Wasike; Birgül Güner; Ayfer Tan; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Gaia Lochetti; Amadou Sidibé; Florence Tartanac. Local Solutions for Sustainable Food Systems: The Contribution of Orphan Crops and Wild Edible Species. Agronomy 2020, 10, 231 .
AMA StyleTeresa Borelli, Danny Hunter, Stefano Padulosi, Nadezda Amaya, Gennifer Meldrum, Daniela Moura De Oliveira Beltrame, Gamini Samarasinghe, Victor W. Wasike, Birgül Güner, Ayfer Tan, Yara Koreissi Dembélé, Gaia Lochetti, Amadou Sidibé, Florence Tartanac. Local Solutions for Sustainable Food Systems: The Contribution of Orphan Crops and Wild Edible Species. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (2):231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeresa Borelli; Danny Hunter; Stefano Padulosi; Nadezda Amaya; Gennifer Meldrum; Daniela Moura De Oliveira Beltrame; Gamini Samarasinghe; Victor W. Wasike; Birgül Güner; Ayfer Tan; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Gaia Lochetti; Amadou Sidibé; Florence Tartanac. 2020. "Local Solutions for Sustainable Food Systems: The Contribution of Orphan Crops and Wild Edible Species." Agronomy 10, no. 2: 231.
The authors wish to make the following corrections to their paper
Luc Ingenbleek; Michael Sulyok; Abimbola Adegboye; Sètondji Epiphane Hossou; Abdoulaye Zié Koné; Awoyinka Dada Oyedele; Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Sara Eyangoh; Philippe Verger; Jean-Charles Leblanc; Bruno Le Bizec; Rudolf Krska. Correction: Ingenbleek, L. et al. Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods. Toxins 2019, 11, 134 .
AMA StyleLuc Ingenbleek, Michael Sulyok, Abimbola Adegboye, Sètondji Epiphane Hossou, Abdoulaye Zié Koné, Awoyinka Dada Oyedele, Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito, Yara Koreissi Dembélé, Sara Eyangoh, Philippe Verger, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Bruno Le Bizec, Rudolf Krska. Correction: Ingenbleek, L. et al. Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods. Toxins. 2019; 11 (3):134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuc Ingenbleek; Michael Sulyok; Abimbola Adegboye; Sètondji Epiphane Hossou; Abdoulaye Zié Koné; Awoyinka Dada Oyedele; Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Sara Eyangoh; Philippe Verger; Jean-Charles Leblanc; Bruno Le Bizec; Rudolf Krska. 2019. "Correction: Ingenbleek, L. et al. Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods." Toxins 11, no. 3: 134.
In the framework of the first multi-centre Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study (SSA-TDS), 2328 commonly consumed foods were purchased, prepared as consumed and pooled into 194 composite samples of cereals, tubers, legumes, vegetables, nuts and seeds, dairy, oils, beverages and miscellaneous. Those core foods were tested for mycotoxins and other fungal, bacterial and plant secondary metabolites by liquid chromatography, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The highest aflatoxin concentrations were quantified in peanuts, peanut oil and maize. The mean concentration of the sum of aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 (AFtot) in peanut samples (56.4 µg/kg) exceeded EU (4 µg/kg) and Codex (15 µg/kg) standards. The AFtot concentration (max: 246.0 µg/kg) was associated with seasonal and geographic patterns and comprised, on average, 80% AFB1, the most potent aflatoxin. Although ochratoxin A concentrations rarely exceeded existing Codex standards, it was detected in unregulated foods. One palm oil composite sample contained 98 different metabolites, including 35.4 µg/kg of ochratoxin A. In total, 164 different metabolites were detected, with unspecific metabolites like asperglaucide, cyclo(L-pro-L-val), cyclo (L-pro-L-tyr), flavoglaucin, emodin and tryptophol occurring in more than 50% of composite samples. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), sterigmatocystin (STC), ochratoxin A (OTA), citrinin (CIT) and many other secondary fungal metabolites are frequent co-contaminants in staple foods, such as maize and sorghum. Populations from North Cameroon and from Benin may, therefore, suffer chronic and simultaneous exposure to AFB1, FB1, STC, OTA and CIT, which are prevalent in their diet.
Luc Ingenbleek; Michael Sulyok; Abimbola Adegboye; Sètondji Epiphane Hossou; Abdoulaye Zié Koné; Awoyinka Dada Oyedele; Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Sara Eyangoh; Philippe Verger; Jean-Charles Leblanc; Bruno Le Bizec; Rudolf Krska. Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods. Toxins 2019, 11, 54 .
AMA StyleLuc Ingenbleek, Michael Sulyok, Abimbola Adegboye, Sètondji Epiphane Hossou, Abdoulaye Zié Koné, Awoyinka Dada Oyedele, Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito, Yara Koreissi Dembélé, Sara Eyangoh, Philippe Verger, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Bruno Le Bizec, Rudolf Krska. Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods. Toxins. 2019; 11 (1):54.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuc Ingenbleek; Michael Sulyok; Abimbola Adegboye; Sètondji Epiphane Hossou; Abdoulaye Zié Koné; Awoyinka Dada Oyedele; Chabi Sika K. J. Kisito; Yara Koreissi Dembélé; Sara Eyangoh; Philippe Verger; Jean-Charles Leblanc; Bruno Le Bizec; Rudolf Krska. 2019. "Regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods." Toxins 11, no. 1: 54.
ObjectiveFood composition databases are essential for estimating nutrient intakes in food consumption surveys. The present study aimed to evaluate the Mali food composition database (TACAM) for assessing intakes of energy and selected nutrients at population level.DesignWeighed food records and duplicate portions of all foods consumed during one day were collected. Intakes of energy, protein, fat, available carbohydrates, dietary fibre, Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin A were assessed by: (i) estimating the nutrient intake from weighed food records based on an adjusted TACAM (a-TACAM); and (ii) chemical analysis of the duplicate portions. Agreement between the two methods was determined using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Bland–Altman plots.SettingBamako, Mali.SubjectsApparently healthy non-pregnant, non-lactating women (n36) aged 15–36 years.ResultsCorrelation coefficients between estimated and analysed values ranged from 0·38 to 0·61. At population level, mean estimated and analysed nutrient intakes differed significantly for carbohydrates (203·0v. 243·5 g/d), Fe (9·9v. 22·8 mg/d) and vitamin A (356v. 246 µg retinol activity equivalents). At individual level, all estimated and analysed nutrient intakes differed significantly; the differences tended to increase with higher intakes.ConclusionsThe a-TACAM is sufficiently acceptable for measuring average intakes of macronutrients, Ca and Zn at population level in low-intake populations, but not for carbohydrate, vitamin A and Fe intakes, and nutrient densities.
Yara Koréissi-Dembélé; Esmee L Doets; Nadia Fanou-Fogny; Paul Jm Hulshof; Diego Moretti; Inge Brouwer. Comparing intake estimations based on food composition data with chemical analysis in Malian women. Public Health Nutrition 2017, 20, 1351 -1361.
AMA StyleYara Koréissi-Dembélé, Esmee L Doets, Nadia Fanou-Fogny, Paul Jm Hulshof, Diego Moretti, Inge Brouwer. Comparing intake estimations based on food composition data with chemical analysis in Malian women. Public Health Nutrition. 2017; 20 (8):1351-1361.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYara Koréissi-Dembélé; Esmee L Doets; Nadia Fanou-Fogny; Paul Jm Hulshof; Diego Moretti; Inge Brouwer. 2017. "Comparing intake estimations based on food composition data with chemical analysis in Malian women." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 8: 1351-1361.
Low iron and high phytic acid content make fonio based meals a poor source of bioavailable iron. Phytic acid degradation in fonio porridge using whole grain cereals as phytase source and effect on iron bioavailability when added to iron fortified fonio meals were investigated. Grains, nuts and seeds collected in Mali markets were screened for phytic acid and phytase activity. We performed an iron absorption study in Beninese women (n = 16), using non-dephytinised fonio porridge (FFP) and dephytinised fonio porridge (FWFP; 75% fonio-25% wheat), each fortified with 57Fe or 58Fe labeled FeSO4. Iron absorption was quantified by measuring the erythrocyte incorporation of stable iron isotopes. Phytic acid varied from 0.39 (bambara nut) to 4.26 g/100 g DM (pumpkin seed), with oilseeds values higher than grains and nuts. Phytase activity ranged from 0.17±1.61 (fonio) to 2.9±1.3 phytase unit (PU) per g (whole wheat). Phytic acid was almost completely degraded in FWFP after 60 min of incubation (pH≈5.0, 50°C). Phytate∶iron molar ratios decreased from 23.7∶1 in FFP to 2.7∶1 in FWFP. Iron fortification further reduced phytate∶iron molar ratio to 1.9∶1 in FFP and 0.3∶1 in FWFP, respectively. Geometric mean (95% CI) iron absorption significantly increased from 2.6% (0.8–7.8) in FFP to 8.3% (3.8–17.9) in FWFP (P<0.0001). Dephytinisation of fonio porridge with intrinsic wheat phytase increased fractional iron absorption 3.2 times, suggesting it could be a possible strategy to decrease PA in cereal-based porridges.
Yara Koréissi-Dembélé; Nadia Fanou-Fogny; Diego Moretti; Stephan Schuth; Romain A. M. Dossa; Ines Egli; Michael B. Zimmermann; Inge D. Brouwer. Dephytinisation with Intrinsic Wheat Phytase and Iron Fortification Significantly Increase Iron Absorption from Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Meals in West African Women. PLOS ONE 2013, 8, e70613 .
AMA StyleYara Koréissi-Dembélé, Nadia Fanou-Fogny, Diego Moretti, Stephan Schuth, Romain A. M. Dossa, Ines Egli, Michael B. Zimmermann, Inge D. Brouwer. Dephytinisation with Intrinsic Wheat Phytase and Iron Fortification Significantly Increase Iron Absorption from Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Meals in West African Women. PLOS ONE. 2013; 8 (10):e70613.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYara Koréissi-Dembélé; Nadia Fanou-Fogny; Diego Moretti; Stephan Schuth; Romain A. M. Dossa; Ines Egli; Michael B. Zimmermann; Inge D. Brouwer. 2013. "Dephytinisation with Intrinsic Wheat Phytase and Iron Fortification Significantly Increase Iron Absorption from Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Meals in West African Women." PLOS ONE 8, no. 10: e70613.