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Prof. Dr. Yan Wu
Beijing Technology and

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0 Environmental Economics
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Original article
Published: 31 May 2021 in China & World Economy
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The impact that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has had on carbon emissions is a hotly debated issue. Using a panel dataset of 178 countries from 2002 to 2017, and applying the quantile difference-in-difference method in different industries, this study finds that, first, the BRI overall tends to reduce the carbon emission intensity of BRI countries. Second, the impact of BRI on reducing the carbon emission intensity is significant for BRI countries at higher (0.8 and 0.9) and lower (0.2 and 0.3) carbon emission intensity quantiles but it is insignificant for those at medium levels. Third, the BRI has significant impacts on reducing carbon emission intensity in the energy-intensive industries, and this effect is the highest at the quantile level of 0.9 for all three industries considered here: transportation, electric and heating, and manufacturing and construction. These results indicate that establishing BRI cooperation with China will improve the environment and enhance the sustainable development ability of BRI countries.

ACS Style

Yan Wu; Chunlai Chen; Cong Hu. Does the Belt and Road Initiative Increase the Carbon Emission Intensity of Participating Countries? China & World Economy 2021, 29, 1 -25.

AMA Style

Yan Wu, Chunlai Chen, Cong Hu. Does the Belt and Road Initiative Increase the Carbon Emission Intensity of Participating Countries? China & World Economy. 2021; 29 (3):1-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan Wu; Chunlai Chen; Cong Hu. 2021. "Does the Belt and Road Initiative Increase the Carbon Emission Intensity of Participating Countries?" China & World Economy 29, no. 3: 1-25.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Sustainable Production and Consumption
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This paper is an empirical study of per capita CO2 emissions divergence. Trade intensity reflects the strength of bilateral trade relations between China and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries. Using panel data covering 97 of the BRI countries from 2002 to 2017 and employing the dynamic panel system generalized method of moments (GMM) model with additional instrumental variables of remoteness and the Shapley value decomposition technique, this study has three main findings. First, the import intensity from China tends to restrain per capita CO2 emissions, but the export intensity to China tends to promote per capita CO2 emissions of BRI countries. Second, the Gini coefficient of per capita CO2 emissions continually decreases, representing a gradually weakened divergence. Third, from 2009 the impact of import intensity from China on the divergence changed from increasing CO2 emissions to restraining them. However, export intensity to China has continually promoted the divergence among the BRI countries, with the impact being largest in 2016. The results suggest that China should adjust the sources of its energy imports and the destinations of its exports, and develop green trade cooperation with the BRI countries to jointly tackle climate change.

ACS Style

Yan Wu; Xunpeng Shi; Cong Hu. Per capita CO2 emissions divergence influenced by bilateral trade with china under the belt and road initiative. Sustainable Production and Consumption 2021, 27, 1589 -1601.

AMA Style

Yan Wu, Xunpeng Shi, Cong Hu. Per capita CO2 emissions divergence influenced by bilateral trade with china under the belt and road initiative. Sustainable Production and Consumption. 2021; 27 ():1589-1601.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan Wu; Xunpeng Shi; Cong Hu. 2021. "Per capita CO2 emissions divergence influenced by bilateral trade with china under the belt and road initiative." Sustainable Production and Consumption 27, no. : 1589-1601.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Sustainability
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This study investigates the different impacts of coordinated development in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region on industrial energy and pollution intensities based on the difference-in-difference (DID) method and the quantile DID method. The panel data cover industrial energy consumption and three wastes, which are industrial wastewater, sulfur dioxide, and dust emissions, from all 13 cities in the BTH region and 17 cities in Henan Province for the period 2007–2017. The study finds that China’s BTH coordinated development strategy, on average, tends to restrain regional industrial energy intensity, especially in lower quantile level (0.1–0.4) cities. However, it tends to promote industrial energy intensity in higher quantile level (0.7–0.9) cities. The impacts on pollution intensities vary among industrial wastewater, sulfur dioxide, and dust emissions. The results suggest that, in addition to paying attention to dust pollution caused by transportation integration in the BTH region, China should also pay more attention to green relocation of industries from Beijing to Hebei and strengthen coordinated environmental regulation while maintaining corporate interests.

ACS Style

Cong Hu; Biliang Hu; Xunpeng Shi; Yan Wu. The Roles of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Strategy in Industrial Energy and Related Pollutant Emission Intensities. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7973 .

AMA Style

Cong Hu, Biliang Hu, Xunpeng Shi, Yan Wu. The Roles of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Strategy in Industrial Energy and Related Pollutant Emission Intensities. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7973.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cong Hu; Biliang Hu; Xunpeng Shi; Yan Wu. 2020. "The Roles of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Strategy in Industrial Energy and Related Pollutant Emission Intensities." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7973.