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The way the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted human lives and livelihoods constituted a stress test for agroecosystems in developing countries, as part of rural–urban systems and the global economy. We applied two conceptual schemes to dissect the evidence in peer-reviewed literature so far, as a basis for better understanding and enabling ‘building back better’. Reported positive impacts of the lockdown ‘anthropause’ on environmental conditions were likely only short-term, while progress towards sustainable development goals was more consistently set back especially for social aspects such as livelihood, employment, and income. The loss of interconnectedness, driving loss of assets, followed a ‘collapse’ cascade that included urban-to-rural migration due to loss of urban jobs, and illegal exploitation of forests and wildlife. Agricultural activities geared to international trade were generally disrupted, while more local markets flourished. Improved understanding of these pathways is needed for synergy between the emerging adaptive, mitigative, transformative, and reimaginative responses. Dominant efficiency-seeking strategies that increase fragility will have to be re-evaluated to be better prepared for further pandemics, that current Human–Nature interactions are likely to trigger.
Lalisa Duguma; Meine van Noordwijk; Peter Minang; Kennedy Muthee. COVID-19 Pandemic and Agroecosystem Resilience: Early Insights for Building Better Futures. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1278 .
AMA StyleLalisa Duguma, Meine van Noordwijk, Peter Minang, Kennedy Muthee. COVID-19 Pandemic and Agroecosystem Resilience: Early Insights for Building Better Futures. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1278.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLalisa Duguma; Meine van Noordwijk; Peter Minang; Kennedy Muthee. 2021. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Agroecosystem Resilience: Early Insights for Building Better Futures." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1278.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the contributions of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) practices to the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus balance, design practical pathways, and analyze barriers towards achievement of EbA-WEF balance. An area case study and descriptive methods were used to analyze data collected from 50 community forests (CFs) spread across three regions in The Gambia. Extensive information from relevant literature sources was also referred to in this study. Fourteen priority EbA practices were established and categorized into four major groups based on their application similarities. Among the anticipated ecosystem services were enhanced water resource conservation, food and feed production, enhanced energy supply, and improved community livelihoods to enhance their resilience. Pathways on how each practice under the broad category contributes to water, energy, and food were developed to demonstrate how they individually and collectively contribute towards the nexus balance. Key enablers identified included a conducive policy framework, institutional support, diverse incentives, information, knowledge, and technology transfer, and climate and non-climate barriers were cited as impediments. The paper concludes by outlining recommendations to overcome the established barriers.
Kennedy Muthee; Lalisa Duguma; Judith Nzyoka; Peter Minang. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Practices as a Nature-Based Solution to Promote Water-Energy-Food Nexus Balance. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1142 .
AMA StyleKennedy Muthee, Lalisa Duguma, Judith Nzyoka, Peter Minang. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Practices as a Nature-Based Solution to Promote Water-Energy-Food Nexus Balance. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1142.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKennedy Muthee; Lalisa Duguma; Judith Nzyoka; Peter Minang. 2021. "Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Practices as a Nature-Based Solution to Promote Water-Energy-Food Nexus Balance." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1142.
Energy supply systems in the tropics and subtropics are marred with considerable negative impacts on ecosystems, for example, forest loss and habitat destruction. This document examines the role of ecosystems in household energy supply in Africa and explores pathways to ecosystem-based approaches to bioenergy generation by building on the regenerative economy concept. An ecosystem-based approach to bioenergy is an energy supply and utilization mechanism aimed at enhancing sustainable management of the sources of ecosystems with minimal trade-offs on/from other sectors directly linked to energy issues. Our analysis revealed that about 87% of energy supply to the population originated from agroecosystems and is challenged by the severe ecosystem degradation happening due to natural and anthropogenic factors. However, ecosystem restoration and effective use of agricultural residues could provide hope for making energy supply sustainable. Our analysis showed that restoring sparsely vegetated areas and degraded forest and savannahs, promotion of agroforestry in degraded agricultural lands, and use of agricultural residues could generate close to 71 billion gigajoules (GJ) of energy and provide sufficient energy for about 2.5 billion people if implemented in all potential areas identified. Ecosystem-based approaches to bioenergy along with a well-balanced involvement of sectors and industry actors coupled with knowledgeable management of the ecosystem could lead to beneficial outcomes for the society and environment.
Lalisa Duguma; Esther Kamwilu; Peter Minang; Judith Nzyoka; Kennedy Muthee. Ecosystem-Based Approaches to Bioenergy and the Need for Regenerative Supply Options for Africa. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8588 .
AMA StyleLalisa Duguma, Esther Kamwilu, Peter Minang, Judith Nzyoka, Kennedy Muthee. Ecosystem-Based Approaches to Bioenergy and the Need for Regenerative Supply Options for Africa. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8588.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLalisa Duguma; Esther Kamwilu; Peter Minang; Judith Nzyoka; Kennedy Muthee. 2020. "Ecosystem-Based Approaches to Bioenergy and the Need for Regenerative Supply Options for Africa." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8588.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the extent to which adaptation projects have incorporated ecosystem services, as well as their redesigning options. The projects selected are listed under National Adaptation Programme of Action in West African region. Design/methodology/approach A desktop survey approach was used to review 168 projects from 13 countries across West Africa. The projects were categorized and analyzed according to their adaptation goal, thematic focus, their implementation duration and level of investment. Findings The adaptation initiatives are dominated by actions in the agricultural sector accounting for 32 per cent of the total. Further, they were characterized by small grants consideration with 63 per cent falling under US$1m budget, short-term implementation duration with 46 per cent having three years’ execution period. A large portion of projects (55 per cent) mentioned directly one or more ecosystem services, with provisioning services being referred to in 50 per cent of the cases. Originality/value Adaptation projects with ecosystem services components are more sustainable and beneficial to the community. Hence, more consideration of nature benefits during project design, more financial consideration and localizing of the projects to realize the global adaptation goal should be considered.
Kennedy Wahome Muthee; Cheikh Mbow; Geoffrey Mugo Macharia; Walter Leal-Filho. Ecosystem services in adaptation projects in West Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 2017, 10, 533 -550.
AMA StyleKennedy Wahome Muthee, Cheikh Mbow, Geoffrey Mugo Macharia, Walter Leal-Filho. Ecosystem services in adaptation projects in West Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. 2017; 10 (4):533-550.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKennedy Wahome Muthee; Cheikh Mbow; Geoffrey Mugo Macharia; Walter Leal-Filho. 2017. "Ecosystem services in adaptation projects in West Africa." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 10, no. 4: 533-550.
This study analyzed the dimensions of Ecosystem Services (ES) in the adaptation projects. We examined the Ecosystem Based Adaptation (EbA) concept based on thirty one sample projects from Burkina Faso and Mali. Results showed that 49% of the adaptation projects were within the agricultural sector, with generally low budgetary consideration and medium-term implementation duration. The projects mainly aimed to provide regulation and provisioning ES. Explicit EbA strategies were present in 16% of the studied projects, implying a limited consideration of ES in adaptation projects. The projects were largely sectoral with minimal integrated adaptation approaches. The study concludes that more considerations should be taken on community-based needs using natural assets for responding to climate change impacts. It recommends more inclusion of EbA concepts in the national adaptation policies, integration of local, indigenous and scientific knowledge to adaptation, and increased research on the EbA concept to support adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Kennedy Muthee; Cheikh Mbow; Geoffrey Macharia; Walter Leal Filho. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EbA) as an Adaptation Strategy in Burkina Faso and Mali. Climate Change Management 2017, 44, 205 -215.
AMA StyleKennedy Muthee, Cheikh Mbow, Geoffrey Macharia, Walter Leal Filho. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EbA) as an Adaptation Strategy in Burkina Faso and Mali. Climate Change Management. 2017; 44 ():205-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKennedy Muthee; Cheikh Mbow; Geoffrey Macharia; Walter Leal Filho. 2017. "Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EbA) as an Adaptation Strategy in Burkina Faso and Mali." Climate Change Management 44, no. : 205-215.