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Manfred Klinglmair
Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark

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Journal article
Published: 09 September 2020 in Sustainability
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What are the effects, measured as flows of biogenic carbon, plant nutrients, and pollutants, of moving organic waste up the waste hierarchy? We present a case study of Denmark, where most of the organic fraction of household waste (OFHW) is incinerated, with ongoing efforts to increase bio-waste recycling. In this study, one-third of the OFHW produced in North Zealand, Denmark, is diverted away from incineration, according to the Danish Waste Resource Plan 2013–2018. Co-digestion of OFHW, and digestate application on agricultural soil, utilizes biogenic carbon, first for energy conversion, and the remainder for long-term soil sequestration, with additional benefits for plant nutrient composition by increasing the N:P ratio in the digestate. We show a dynamic model of the biogenic carbon flows in a mix of OFHW co-digested with livestock manure and sewage sludge, addressing the contribution of OFHW to long-term carbon sequestration compared to other agricultural residues and bio-wastes over a time span of 100 years. In addition, we trace the associated annual nutrient and cadmium loads to the topsoil. At constant annual input rates and management practices, a diversion of 33% of OFHW would result in an increased organic carbon build-up of approximately 4% over the current amounts applied. The addition of OFHW, moreover, beneficially adjusts the N:P ratio of the digestate mix upwards, albeit without reaching an ideally high ratio by that measure alone. Cd loads from OFHW remain well below regulatory limits.

ACS Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Marianne Thomsen. Using Food Waste in Organic Fertilizer: Modelling Biogenic Carbon Sequestration with Associated Nutrient and Micropollutant Loads. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7399 .

AMA Style

Manfred Klinglmair, Marianne Thomsen. Using Food Waste in Organic Fertilizer: Modelling Biogenic Carbon Sequestration with Associated Nutrient and Micropollutant Loads. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7399.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Marianne Thomsen. 2020. "Using Food Waste in Organic Fertilizer: Modelling Biogenic Carbon Sequestration with Associated Nutrient and Micropollutant Loads." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7399.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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ACS Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Carl Vadenbo; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. An MFA-based optimization model for increased resource efficiency: Phosphorus flows in Denmark. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2017, 122, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Manfred Klinglmair, Carl Vadenbo, Thomas Fruergaard Astrup, Charlotte Scheutz. An MFA-based optimization model for increased resource efficiency: Phosphorus flows in Denmark. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2017; 122 ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Carl Vadenbo; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. 2017. "An MFA-based optimization model for increased resource efficiency: Phosphorus flows in Denmark." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 122, no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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Material Flow Analysis (MFA) studies for a particular substance often exist for several different countries or regions, but share a similar goal and scope. In direct comparisons of such regional resource budgets, the importance of the choices made in establishing an MFA system tends to be disregarded. We identify and quantify the effects of choices made in system layout, data material and uncertainty assessment on the outcome of regional MFAs using two recent country-scale MFAs (of Denmark and Austria) of phosphorus as a case study. We highlight the differences in system boundaries and definition of flows and processes. We quantify types and choice of data sources; analyse the consistency of the data used by looking at the extent of data reconciliation, as a measure of model quality; quantify the effect of different approaches to uncertainty assessment; and show the influence of aggregating/disaggregating flows. We show that differences in system layout are mostly attributable to varying goals and scope definitions. Direct comparison of uncertainties across studies is problematic: both studies draw on similar types of data sources, yet they show very different uncertainty assessments; the uncertainty assessment in MFA is always subjective to a certain extent. We demonstrate that reconciliation of conflicting data provides a useful measure to assess data consistency and model quality: data are more consistent (5% average change in reconciled data) in the Austrian than in the Danish (9%) case. We suggest an iterative approach to uncertainty assessment. Likewise, we demonstrate the effect of the aggregation of flows on model uncertainty. These findings quantify and emphasise the importance of examining MFA studies’ metadata and suggest an approach to be followed when drawing on such studies as a source of information.

ACS Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Ottavia Zoboli; David Laner; Helmut Rechberger; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. The effect of data structure and model choices on MFA results: A comparison of phosphorus balances for Denmark and Austria. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2016, 109, 166 -175.

AMA Style

Manfred Klinglmair, Ottavia Zoboli, David Laner, Helmut Rechberger, Thomas Fruergaard Astrup, Charlotte Scheutz. The effect of data structure and model choices on MFA results: A comparison of phosphorus balances for Denmark and Austria. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2016; 109 ():166-175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Ottavia Zoboli; David Laner; Helmut Rechberger; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. 2016. "The effect of data structure and model choices on MFA results: A comparison of phosphorus balances for Denmark and Austria." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 109, no. : 166-175.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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Substance flow analyses (SFA) of phosphorus (P) have been examined on a national or supra-national level in various recent studies. SFA studies of P on the country scale or larger can have limited informative value; large differences between P budgets exist within countries and are easily obscured by country-wide average values. To quantify and evaluate these imbalances we integrated a country-scale and regional-scale model of the Danish anthropogenic P flows and stocks. We examine three spatial regions with regard to agriculture, as the main driver for P use, and waste management, the crucial sector for P recovery. The regions are characterised by their differences in agricultural practice, population and industrial density. We show considerable variation in P flows within the country. First, these are driven by agriculture, with mineral fertiliser inputs varying between 3 and 5 kg ha−1 yr−1, and animal feedstuff inputs between 5 and 19 kg ha−1 yr−1. We identified surpluses especially in areas with a larger proportion of animal husbandry, owing to additional application of manure in excess of crop P demand. However, redistribution of the large amounts of P in manure is not feasible owing to transport limitations. Second, waste management, closely linked to population and industrial density is the driver behind differences in recoverable P flows. Current amounts of potentially recoverable P cannot change the reliance on primary P. The most immediate P re-use potential exists in the areas around the eastern urban agglomerations, from more complete recovery of sewage sludge (with unrecovered P amounts of up to 33% of P in current mineral fertiliser imports) and the biowaste fraction in municipal solid waste currently not collected separately (24% of P in current mineral fertiliser imports), since this region shows both the highest proportion of crop production and fertiliser use and lowest soil P budget.

ACS Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Camilla Lemming; Lars Stoumann Jensen; Helmut Rechberger; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. Phosphorus in Denmark: National and regional anthropogenic flows. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2015, 105, 311 -324.

AMA Style

Manfred Klinglmair, Camilla Lemming, Lars Stoumann Jensen, Helmut Rechberger, Thomas Fruergaard Astrup, Charlotte Scheutz. Phosphorus in Denmark: National and regional anthropogenic flows. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2015; 105 ():311-324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Klinglmair; Camilla Lemming; Lars Stoumann Jensen; Helmut Rechberger; Thomas Fruergaard Astrup; Charlotte Scheutz. 2015. "Phosphorus in Denmark: National and regional anthropogenic flows." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 105, no. : 311-324.