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Dr. Robert Zomer
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences

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0 Agroforestry
0 agricultural
0 Ecology and Conservation
0 Ecology modeling
0 Ecology and Natural Resources

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Journal article
Published: 06 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Protected areas are the backbone of biodiversity conservation but vulnerable to climate change. Thailand has a large and well-planned protected area system, covering most remaining natural vegetation. A statistically derived global environmental stratification (GEnS) was used to predict changes in bioclimatic conditions across the protected area system for 2050 and 2070, based on projections from three CMIP5 earth system models and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Five bioclimatic zones were identified composed of 28 strata. Substantial spatial reorganization of bioclimates is projected in the next 50 years, even under RCP2.6, while under RCP8.5 the average upward shift for all zones by 2070 is 328–483 m and the coolest zone disappears with two models. Overall, 7.9–31.0% of Thailand’s land area will change zone by 2070, and 31.7–90.2% will change stratum. The consequences for biodiversity are less clear, particularly in the lowlands where the existing vegetation mosaic is determined largely by factors other than climate. Increasing connectivity of protected areas along temperature and rainfall gradients would allow species to migrate in response to climate change, but this will be difficult in much of Thailand. For isolated protected areas and species that cannot move fast enough, more active, species-specific interventions may be necessary.

ACS Style

Nirunrut Pomoim; Robert Zomer; Alice Hughes; Richard Corlett. The Sustainability of Thailand’s Protected-Area System under Climate Change. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2868 .

AMA Style

Nirunrut Pomoim, Robert Zomer, Alice Hughes, Richard Corlett. The Sustainability of Thailand’s Protected-Area System under Climate Change. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2868.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nirunrut Pomoim; Robert Zomer; Alice Hughes; Richard Corlett. 2021. "The Sustainability of Thailand’s Protected-Area System under Climate Change." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2868.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2020 in Climate
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Protected areas are the backbone of biodiversity conservation but are fixed in space and vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change. Myanmar is exceptionally rich in biodiversity but has a small protected area system. This study aimed to assess the potential vulnerability of this system to climate change. In the absence of good biodiversity data, we used a spatial modeling approach based on a statistically derived bioclimatic stratification (the Global Environmental Stratification, GEnS) to understand the spatial implications of projected climate change for Myanmar’s protected area system by 2050 and 2070. Nine bioclimatic zones and 41 strata were recognized in Myanmar, but their representation in the protected area system varied greatly, with the driest zones especially underrepresented. Under climate change, most zones will shift upslope, with some protected areas projected to change entirely to a new bioclimate. Potential impacts on biodiversity include mountaintop extinctions of species endemic to isolated peaks, loss of climate specialists from small protected areas and those with little elevational range, and woody encroachment into savannas and open forests as a result of both climate change and rising atmospheric CO2. Myanmar needs larger, better connected, and more representative protected areas, but political, social, and economic problems make this difficult.

ACS Style

Thazin Nwe; Robert J. Zomer; Richard T. Corlett. Projected Impacts of Climate Change on the Protected Areas of Myanmar. Climate 2020, 8, 99 .

AMA Style

Thazin Nwe, Robert J. Zomer, Richard T. Corlett. Projected Impacts of Climate Change on the Protected Areas of Myanmar. Climate. 2020; 8 (9):99.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thazin Nwe; Robert J. Zomer; Richard T. Corlett. 2020. "Projected Impacts of Climate Change on the Protected Areas of Myanmar." Climate 8, no. 9: 99.

Analysis
Published: 16 March 2020 in Nature Sustainability
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Mitigating climate change requires clean energy and the removal of atmospheric carbon. Building soil carbon is an appealing way to increase carbon sinks and reduce emissions owing to the associated benefits to agriculture. However, the practical implementation of soil carbon climate strategies lags behind the potential, partly because we lack clarity around the magnitude of opportunity and how to capitalize on it. Here we quantify the role of soil carbon in natural (land-based) climate solutions and review some of the project design mechanisms available to tap into the potential. We show that soil carbon represents 25% of the potential of natural climate solutions (total potential, 23.8 Gt of CO2-equivalent per year), of which 40% is protection of existing soil carbon and 60% is rebuilding depleted stocks. Soil carbon comprises 9% of the mitigation potential of forests, 72% for wetlands and 47% for agriculture and grasslands. Soil carbon is important to land-based efforts to prevent carbon emissions, remove atmospheric carbon dioxide and deliver ecosystem services in addition to climate mitigation.

ACS Style

D. A. Bossio; S. C. Cook-Patton; P. W. Ellis; J. Fargione; J. Sanderman; P. Smith; Stephen Wood; R. J. Zomer; M. Von Unger; I. M. Emmer; B. W. Griscom. The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions. Nature Sustainability 2020, 3, 391 -398.

AMA Style

D. A. Bossio, S. C. Cook-Patton, P. W. Ellis, J. Fargione, J. Sanderman, P. Smith, Stephen Wood, R. J. Zomer, M. Von Unger, I. M. Emmer, B. W. Griscom. The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions. Nature Sustainability. 2020; 3 (5):391-398.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. A. Bossio; S. C. Cook-Patton; P. W. Ellis; J. Fargione; J. Sanderman; P. Smith; Stephen Wood; R. J. Zomer; M. Von Unger; I. M. Emmer; B. W. Griscom. 2020. "The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions." Nature Sustainability 3, no. 5: 391-398.

Chapter
Published: 05 January 2019 in The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment
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Mountains make up 24% of the world’s land area, are home to 20% of the world’s population, provide 60–80% of the world’s fresh water, and harbour 50% of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (well-established). The United Nations recognized the importance of mountain ecosystems, both for conserving biological diversity and for sustaining humanity, in Chap. 13 of Agenda 21. More generally, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity, and functional diversity all play key roles in the ecosystem services that benefit people and communities (well-established).

ACS Style

Jianchu Xu; Ruchi Badola; Nakul Chettri; Ram P. Chaudhary; Robert Zomer; Bharat Pokhrel; Syed Ainul Hussain; Sunita Pradhan; Rebecca Pradhan. Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Hindu Kush Himalaya. The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment 2019, 127 -165.

AMA Style

Jianchu Xu, Ruchi Badola, Nakul Chettri, Ram P. Chaudhary, Robert Zomer, Bharat Pokhrel, Syed Ainul Hussain, Sunita Pradhan, Rebecca Pradhan. Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Hindu Kush Himalaya. The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment. 2019; ():127-165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianchu Xu; Ruchi Badola; Nakul Chettri; Ram P. Chaudhary; Robert Zomer; Bharat Pokhrel; Syed Ainul Hussain; Sunita Pradhan; Rebecca Pradhan. 2019. "Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Hindu Kush Himalaya." The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment , no. : 127-165.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2017 in Scientific Reports
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The role of soil organic carbon in global carbon cycles is receiving increasing attention both as a potentially large and uncertain source of CO2 emissions in response to predicted global temperature rises, and as a natural sink for carbon able to reduce atmospheric CO2. There is general agreement that the technical potential for sequestration of carbon in soil is significant, and some consensus on the magnitude of that potential. Croplands worldwide could sequester between 0.90 and 1.85 Pg C/yr, i.e. 26–53% of the target of the “4p1000 Initiative: Soils for Food Security and Climate”. The importance of intensively cultivated regions such as North America, Europe, India and intensively cultivated areas in Africa, such as Ethiopia, is highlighted. Soil carbon sequestration and the conservation of existing soil carbon stocks, given its multiple benefits including improved food production, is an important mitigation pathway to achieve the less than 2 °C global target of the Paris Climate Agreement.

ACS Style

Robert J. Zomer; Deborah A. Bossio; Rolf Sommer; Louis V. Verchot. Global Sequestration Potential of Increased Organic Carbon in Cropland Soils. Scientific Reports 2017, 7, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Robert J. Zomer, Deborah A. Bossio, Rolf Sommer, Louis V. Verchot. Global Sequestration Potential of Increased Organic Carbon in Cropland Soils. Scientific Reports. 2017; 7 (1):1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert J. Zomer; Deborah A. Bossio; Rolf Sommer; Louis V. Verchot. 2017. "Global Sequestration Potential of Increased Organic Carbon in Cropland Soils." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1: 1-8.

Article
Published: 07 September 2017 in Journal of Mountain Science
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Climatic extremes such as drought have becoming a severe climate-related problem in many regions all over the world that can induce anomalies in vegetation condition. Growth and CO2 uptake by plants are constrained to a large extent by drought. Therefore, it is important to understand the spatial and temporal responses of vegetation to drought across the various land cover types and different regions. Leaf area index (LAI) derived from Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) data was used to evaluate the response of vegetation to drought occurrence across Yunnan Province, China (2001–2010). The meteorological drought was assessed based on Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values. Pearson’s correlation coefficients between LAI and SPI were examined across several timescales within six sub-regions of the Yunnan. Further, the drought-prone area was identified based on LAI anomaly values. Lag and cumulative effects of lack of precipitation on vegetation were evident, with significant correlations found using 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month timescale. We found 9-month timescale has higher correlations compared to another timescale. Approximately 29.4% of Yunnan’s area was classified as drought-prone area, based on the LAI anomaly values. Most of this drought-prone area was distributed in the mountainous region of Yunnan. From the research, it is evident that GLASS LAI can be effectively used as an indicator for assessing drought conditions and it provide valuable information for drought risk defense and preparedness.

ACS Style

Kwangchol Kim; Ming-Cheng Wang; Sailesh Ranjitkar; Su-Hong Liu; Jian-Chu Xu; Robert J. Zomer. Using leaf area index (LAI) to assess vegetation response to drought in Yunnan province of China. Journal of Mountain Science 2017, 14, 1863 -1872.

AMA Style

Kwangchol Kim, Ming-Cheng Wang, Sailesh Ranjitkar, Su-Hong Liu, Jian-Chu Xu, Robert J. Zomer. Using leaf area index (LAI) to assess vegetation response to drought in Yunnan province of China. Journal of Mountain Science. 2017; 14 (9):1863-1872.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwangchol Kim; Ming-Cheng Wang; Sailesh Ranjitkar; Su-Hong Liu; Jian-Chu Xu; Robert J. Zomer. 2017. "Using leaf area index (LAI) to assess vegetation response to drought in Yunnan province of China." Journal of Mountain Science 14, no. 9: 1863-1872.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2016 in Scientific Reports
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Agroforestry systems and tree cover on agricultural land make an important contribution to climate change mitigation, but are not systematically accounted for in either global carbon budgets or national carbon accounting. This paper assesses the role of trees on agricultural land and their significance for carbon sequestration at a global level, along with recent change trends. Remote sensing data show that in 2010, 43% of all agricultural land globally had at least 10% tree cover and that this has increased by 2% over the previous ten years. Combining geographically and bioclimatically stratified Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 default estimates of carbon storage with this tree cover analysis, we estimated 45.3 PgC on agricultural land globally, with trees contributing >75%. Between 2000 and 2010 tree cover increased by 3.7%, resulting in an increase of >2 PgC (or 4.6%) of biomass carbon. On average, globally, biomass carbon increased from 20.4 to 21.4 tC ha−1. Regional and country-level variation in stocks and trends were mapped and tabulated globally, and for all countries. Brazil, Indonesia, China and India had the largest increases in biomass carbon stored on agricultural land, while Argentina, Myanmar, and Sierra Leone had the largest decreases.

ACS Style

Robert Zomer; Henry Neufeldt; Jianchu Xu; Antje Ahrends; Deborah Bossio; Antonio Trabucco; Meine Van Noordwijk; Mingcheng Wang. Global Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on Agricultural Land: The contribution of agroforestry to global and national carbon budgets. Scientific Reports 2016, 6, 29987 .

AMA Style

Robert Zomer, Henry Neufeldt, Jianchu Xu, Antje Ahrends, Deborah Bossio, Antonio Trabucco, Meine Van Noordwijk, Mingcheng Wang. Global Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on Agricultural Land: The contribution of agroforestry to global and national carbon budgets. Scientific Reports. 2016; 6 (1):29987.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Zomer; Henry Neufeldt; Jianchu Xu; Antje Ahrends; Deborah Bossio; Antonio Trabucco; Meine Van Noordwijk; Mingcheng Wang. 2016. "Global Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on Agricultural Land: The contribution of agroforestry to global and national carbon budgets." Scientific Reports 6, no. 1: 29987.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Environmental Modelling & Software
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Changing climate is likely to impact on both tree species and agroforestry systems in a variety of ways. A multi-model ensemble approach based on ecological niche modelling was used to understand the impact of climate on distribution of agroforestry trees in Yunnan Province of China. Future changes in distribution of 10 agroforestry tree species were projected using an ensemble of climate projections derived from the results of 19 Earth System Models provided by the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project-Phase 5. Our model explained suitable habitat, and identified potential locations for mixed agroforestry using selected species. The model suggested west and southwest Yunnan as important location for tea and alder-based agroforestry, while southern parts of Yunnan are better suited for tea and hog plum, and northern parts could support walnut-based agroforestry options. Agroforestry is an important adaptation option for climate change, which could benefiting farmers and enhancing environmental conservation and restoration of the landscape.

ACS Style

Sailesh Ranjitkar; Nani Maiya Sujakhu; Yang Lu; Qing Wang; Mingcheng Wang; Jun He; Peter E. Mortimer; Jianchu Xu; Roeland Kindt; Robert Zomer. Climate modelling for agroforestry species selection in Yunnan Province, China. Environmental Modelling & Software 2016, 75, 263 -272.

AMA Style

Sailesh Ranjitkar, Nani Maiya Sujakhu, Yang Lu, Qing Wang, Mingcheng Wang, Jun He, Peter E. Mortimer, Jianchu Xu, Roeland Kindt, Robert Zomer. Climate modelling for agroforestry species selection in Yunnan Province, China. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2016; 75 ():263-272.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sailesh Ranjitkar; Nani Maiya Sujakhu; Yang Lu; Qing Wang; Mingcheng Wang; Jun He; Peter E. Mortimer; Jianchu Xu; Roeland Kindt; Robert Zomer. 2016. "Climate modelling for agroforestry species selection in Yunnan Province, China." Environmental Modelling & Software 75, no. : 263-272.

Report
Published: 01 January 2016 in Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands
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ACS Style

Robert Zomer; A Trabucco; M Wang; Jianchu Xu. Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands. Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Robert Zomer, A Trabucco, M Wang, Jianchu Xu. Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands. Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Zomer; A Trabucco; M Wang; Jianchu Xu. 2016. "Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands." Projected Climate Change Impact on Hydrology, Bioclimatic Conditions, and Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Asian Highlands , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in Biological Conservation
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ACS Style

Robert Zomer; Jianchu Xu; Mingcheng Wang; Antonio Trabucco; Zhuoqing Li. Projected impact of climate change on the effectiveness of the existing protected area network for biodiversity conservation within Yunnan Province, China. Biological Conservation 2015, 184, 335 -345.

AMA Style

Robert Zomer, Jianchu Xu, Mingcheng Wang, Antonio Trabucco, Zhuoqing Li. Projected impact of climate change on the effectiveness of the existing protected area network for biodiversity conservation within Yunnan Province, China. Biological Conservation. 2015; 184 ():335-345.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Zomer; Jianchu Xu; Mingcheng Wang; Antonio Trabucco; Zhuoqing Li. 2015. "Projected impact of climate change on the effectiveness of the existing protected area network for biodiversity conservation within Yunnan Province, China." Biological Conservation 184, no. : 335-345.

Report
Published: 01 January 2015 in Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia
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ACS Style

Utkur Djanibekov; World Agroforestry Centre; Klara Dzhakypbekova; James Chamberlain; Horst Weyerhaeuser; Robert Zomer; Grace B. Villamor; Jianchu Xu. Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia. Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Utkur Djanibekov, World Agroforestry Centre, Klara Dzhakypbekova, James Chamberlain, Horst Weyerhaeuser, Robert Zomer, Grace B. Villamor, Jianchu Xu. Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia. Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Utkur Djanibekov; World Agroforestry Centre; Klara Dzhakypbekova; James Chamberlain; Horst Weyerhaeuser; Robert Zomer; Grace B. Villamor; Jianchu Xu. 2015. "Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia." Agroforestry for Landscape Restoration and Livelihood Development in Central Asia , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 January 2015 in Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report
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ACS Style

Robert J. Zomer; World Agroforestry Centre; Mingcheng Wang; Jianchu Xu. Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report. Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Robert J. Zomer, World Agroforestry Centre, Mingcheng Wang, Jianchu Xu. Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report. Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert J. Zomer; World Agroforestry Centre; Mingcheng Wang; Jianchu Xu. 2015. "Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report." Projected Climate Change and Impact on Bioclimatic Conditions in Central and South-Central Asia ICRAF East and Central Asia Research Report , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2014 in Climatic Change
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Rapidly accelerating climate change in the Himalaya is projected to have major implications for montane species, ecosystems, and mountain farming and pastoral systems. A geospatial modeling approach based on a global environmental stratification is used to explore potential impacts of projected climate change on the spatial distribution of bioclimatic strata and ecoregions within the transboundary Kailash Sacred Landscape (KSL) of China, India and Nepal. Twenty-eight strata, comprising seven bioclimatic zones, were aggregated to develop an ecoregional classification of 12 ecoregions (generally defined by their potential dominant vegetation type), based upon vegetation and landcover characteristics. Projected climate change impacts were modeled by reconstructing the stratification based upon an ensemble of 19 Earth System Models (CIMP5) across four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) emission scenarios (i.e. 63 impact simulations), and identifying the change in spatial distribution of bioclimatic zones and ecoregions. Large and substantial shifts in bioclimatic conditions can be expected throughout the KSL area by the year 2050, within all bioclimatic zones and ecoregions. Over 76 % of the total area may shift to a different stratum, 55 % to a different bioclimatic zone, and 36.6 % to a different ecoregion. Potential impacts include upward shift in mean elevation of bioclimatic zones (357 m) and ecoregions (371 m), decreases in area of the highest elevation zones and ecoregions, large expansion of the lower tropical and sub-tropical zones and ecoregions, and the disappearance of several strata representing unique bioclimatic conditions within the KSL, with potentially high levels of biotic perturbance by 2050, and a high likelihood of major consequences for biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, conservation efforts and sustainable development policies in the region.

ACS Style

Robert J. Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Marc J. Metzger; Mingcheng Wang; Krishna P. Oli; Jianchu Xu. Projected climate change impacts on spatial distribution of bioclimatic zones and ecoregions within the Kailash Sacred Landscape of China, India, Nepal. Climatic Change 2014, 125, 445 -460.

AMA Style

Robert J. Zomer, Antonio Trabucco, Marc J. Metzger, Mingcheng Wang, Krishna P. Oli, Jianchu Xu. Projected climate change impacts on spatial distribution of bioclimatic zones and ecoregions within the Kailash Sacred Landscape of China, India, Nepal. Climatic Change. 2014; 125 (3-4):445-460.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert J. Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Marc J. Metzger; Mingcheng Wang; Krishna P. Oli; Jianchu Xu. 2014. "Projected climate change impacts on spatial distribution of bioclimatic zones and ecoregions within the Kailash Sacred Landscape of China, India, Nepal." Climatic Change 125, no. 3-4: 445-460.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2014 in Biological Conservation
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ACS Style

Robert Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Mingcheng Wang; Rong Lang; Huafang Chen; Marc J. Metzger; Alex Smajgl; Philip Beckschäfer; Jianchu Xu. Environmental stratification to model climate change impacts on biodiversity and rubber production in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. Biological Conservation 2014, 170, 264 -273.

AMA Style

Robert Zomer, Antonio Trabucco, Mingcheng Wang, Rong Lang, Huafang Chen, Marc J. Metzger, Alex Smajgl, Philip Beckschäfer, Jianchu Xu. Environmental stratification to model climate change impacts on biodiversity and rubber production in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. Biological Conservation. 2014; 170 ():264-273.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Mingcheng Wang; Rong Lang; Huafang Chen; Marc J. Metzger; Alex Smajgl; Philip Beckschäfer; Jianchu Xu. 2014. "Environmental stratification to model climate change impacts on biodiversity and rubber production in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China." Biological Conservation 170, no. : 264-273.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2013 in Ecological Indicators
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ACS Style

M.J. Metzger; D.J. Brus; R.G.H. Bunce; P.D. Carey; João Gonçalves; Joao Honrado; R.H.G. Jongman; Antonio Trabucco; Robert Zomer. Environmental stratifications as the basis for national, European and global ecological monitoring. Ecological Indicators 2013, 33, 26 -35.

AMA Style

M.J. Metzger, D.J. Brus, R.G.H. Bunce, P.D. Carey, João Gonçalves, Joao Honrado, R.H.G. Jongman, Antonio Trabucco, Robert Zomer. Environmental stratifications as the basis for national, European and global ecological monitoring. Ecological Indicators. 2013; 33 ():26-35.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.J. Metzger; D.J. Brus; R.G.H. Bunce; P.D. Carey; João Gonçalves; Joao Honrado; R.H.G. Jongman; Antonio Trabucco; Robert Zomer. 2013. "Environmental stratifications as the basis for national, European and global ecological monitoring." Ecological Indicators 33, no. : 26-35.

Journal article
Published: 20 December 2012 in Global Ecology and Biogeography
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To develop a novel global spatial framework for the integration and analysis of ecological and environmental data. The global land surface excluding Antarctica. A broad set of climate‐related variables were considered for inclusion in a quantitative model, which partitions geographic space into bioclimate regions. Statistical screening produced a subset of relevant bioclimate variables, which were further compacted into fewer independent dimensions using principal components analysis (PCA). An ISODATA clustering routine was then used to classify the principal components into relatively homogeneous environmental strata. The strata were aggregated into global environmental zones based on the attribute distances between strata to provide structure and support a consistent nomenclature. The global environmental stratification (GEnS) consists of 125 strata, which have been aggregated into 18 global environmental zones. The stratification has a 30 arcsec resolution (equivalent to 0.86 km2 at the equator). Aggregations of the strata were compared with nine existing global, continental and national bioclimate and ecosystem classifications using the Kappa statistic. Values range between 0.54 and 0.72, indicating good agreement in bioclimate and ecosystem patterns between existing maps and the GEnS. The GEnS provides a robust spatial analytical framework for the aggregation of local observations, identification of gaps in current monitoring efforts and systematic design of complementary and new monitoring and research. The dataset is available for non‐commercial use through the GEO portal (http://www.geoportal.org).

ACS Style

Marc J. Metzger; Robert G. H. Bunce; Rob H. G. Jongman; Roger Sayre; Antonio Trabucco; Robert Zomer. A high-resolution bioclimate map of the world: a unifying framework for global biodiversity research and monitoring. Global Ecology and Biogeography 2012, 22, 630 -638.

AMA Style

Marc J. Metzger, Robert G. H. Bunce, Rob H. G. Jongman, Roger Sayre, Antonio Trabucco, Robert Zomer. A high-resolution bioclimate map of the world: a unifying framework for global biodiversity research and monitoring. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2012; 22 (5):630-638.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marc J. Metzger; Robert G. H. Bunce; Rob H. G. Jongman; Roger Sayre; Antonio Trabucco; Robert Zomer. 2012. "A high-resolution bioclimate map of the world: a unifying framework for global biodiversity research and monitoring." Global Ecology and Biogeography 22, no. 5: 630-638.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2009 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Recent advances in remote sensing provide opportunities to map plant species and vegetation within wetlands at management relevant scales and resolutions. Hyperspectral imagers, currently available on airborne platforms, provide increased spectral resolution over existing space-based sensors that can document detailed information on the distribution of vegetation community types, and sometimes species. Development of spectral libraries of wetland species is a key component needed to facilitate advanced analytical techniques to monitor wetlands. Canopy and leaf spectra at five sites in California, Texas, and Mississippi were sampled to create a common spectral library for mapping wetlands from remotely sensed data. An extensive library of spectra (n = 1336) for coastal wetland communities, across a range of bioclimatic, edaphic, and disturbance conditions were measured. The wetland spectral libraries were used to classify and delineate vegetation at a separate location, the Pacheco Creek wetland in the Sacramento Delta, California, using a PROBE-1 airborne hyperspectral data set (5 m pixel resolution, 128 bands). This study discusses sampling and collection methodologies for building libraries, and illustrates the potential of advanced sensors to map wetland composition. The importance of developing comprehensive wetland spectral libraries, across diverse ecosystems is highlighted. In tandem with improved analytical tools these libraries provide a physical basis for interpretation that is less subject to conditions of specific data sets. To facilitate a global approach to the application of hyperspectral imagers to mapping wetlands, we suggest that criteria for and compilation of wetland spectral libraries should proceed today in anticipation of the wider availability and eventual space-based deployment of advanced hyperspectral high spatial resolution sensors.

ACS Style

R.J. Zomer; A. Trabucco; S.L. Ustin. Building spectral libraries for wetlands land cover classification and hyperspectral remote sensing. Journal of Environmental Management 2009, 90, 2170 -2177.

AMA Style

R.J. Zomer, A. Trabucco, S.L. Ustin. Building spectral libraries for wetlands land cover classification and hyperspectral remote sensing. Journal of Environmental Management. 2009; 90 (7):2170-2177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.J. Zomer; A. Trabucco; S.L. Ustin. 2009. "Building spectral libraries for wetlands land cover classification and hyperspectral remote sensing." Journal of Environmental Management 90, no. 7: 2170-2177.

Report
Published: 01 January 2009 in Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89
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ACS Style

R.A. Zomer; A. Trabucco; R. Coe; F. Place. Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89. Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89 2009, 1 .

AMA Style

R.A. Zomer, A. Trabucco, R. Coe, F. Place. Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89. Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89. 2009; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.A. Zomer; A. Trabucco; R. Coe; F. Place. 2009. "Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89." Trees on farm: analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of Agroforestry ICRAF Working Paper no. 89 , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2008 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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The implicit hydrologic dimensions of international efforts to mitigate climate change, specifically potential impacts of the Clean Development Mechanism-Afforestation/Reforestation (CDM-AR) provisions of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) on global, regional and local water cycles, are examined. The global impact of the redistribution of water use driven by agriculture and land use change, of which CDM-AR can be a contributing factor, is a major component of ongoing global change and climate change processes. If converted to forest, large areas deemed suitable for CDM-AR would exhibit increases in actual evapotranspiration (AET) and/or decreases in runoff. Almost 20% (144 Mha) of all suitable land showed little or no impact on runoff and another 28% (210 Mha) showed only moderate impact. About 27% (200 Mha) was in the highest impact class, exhibiting an 80–100% decrease in runoff, and prevalent in drier areas (based on Aridity Index (AI)), the semi-arid tropics, and in conversion from grasslands and subsistence agriculture. Significant impacts on local hydrologic cycles were evident, however large impacts were not predicted at regional or global scale due primarily to the current limit on carbon offset projects under the Kyoto Protocol. Predicted decreases in runoff ranged from 54% in drier areas to less than 15% in more humid areas, based on four case studies located across a range of biophysical conditions and project scenarios in Ecuador and Bolivia. Factors other than climate, e.g. upstream/downstream position, were shown to be important in evaluating off-site impacts. This study demonstrates that it will become increasingly important to consider implications on local to regional water resources, and how the hydrologic dimension of CDM-AR impacts on issues of sustainability, local communities, and food security.

ACS Style

Antonio Trabucco; Robert J. Zomer; Deborah A. Bossio; Oliver van Straaten; Louis Verchot. Climate change mitigation through afforestation/reforestation: A global analysis of hydrologic impacts with four case studies. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2008, 126, 81 -97.

AMA Style

Antonio Trabucco, Robert J. Zomer, Deborah A. Bossio, Oliver van Straaten, Louis Verchot. Climate change mitigation through afforestation/reforestation: A global analysis of hydrologic impacts with four case studies. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2008; 126 (1-2):81-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Trabucco; Robert J. Zomer; Deborah A. Bossio; Oliver van Straaten; Louis Verchot. 2008. "Climate change mitigation through afforestation/reforestation: A global analysis of hydrologic impacts with four case studies." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 126, no. 1-2: 81-97.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2008 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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Within the Kyoto Protocol, the clean development mechanism (CDM) is an instrument intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while assisting developing countries in achieving sustainable development, with the multiple goals of poverty reduction, environmental benefits and cost-effective emission reductions. The CDM allows for a small percentage of emission reduction credits to come from afforestation and reforestation (CDM-AR) projects. We conducted a global analysis of land suitability for CDM-AR carbon ‘sink’ projects and identified large amounts of land (749 Mha) as biophysically suitable and meeting the CDM-AR eligibility criteria. Forty-six percent of all the suitable areas globally were found in South America and 27% in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Asia, despite the larger land mass, relatively less land was available. In South America and Sub-Saharan Africa the majority of the suitable land was shrubland/grassland or savanna. In Asia the majority of the land was low-intensity agriculture. The sociologic and ecological analyses showed that large amounts of suitable land exhibited relatively low population densities. Many of the most marginal areas were eliminated due to high aridity, which resulted in a generally Gaussian distribution of land productivity classes. If the cap on CDM-AR were raised to compensate for a substantially greater offset of carbon emission through sink projects, this study suggests that it will be increasingly important to consider implications on local to regional food security and local community livelihoods.

ACS Style

Robert J. Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Deborah A. Bossio; Louis Verchot. Climate change mitigation: A spatial analysis of global land suitability for clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2008, 126, 67 -80.

AMA Style

Robert J. Zomer, Antonio Trabucco, Deborah A. Bossio, Louis Verchot. Climate change mitigation: A spatial analysis of global land suitability for clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2008; 126 (1-2):67-80.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert J. Zomer; Antonio Trabucco; Deborah A. Bossio; Louis Verchot. 2008. "Climate change mitigation: A spatial analysis of global land suitability for clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 126, no. 1-2: 67-80.