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Prof. Javaid Iqbal
NUST college of electrical and mechanical engineering rawalpindi

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0 Machine Vision
0 AI
0 Brain computer interface
0 Robotics and Automation
0 mechatronics and robotics

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Brain computer interface

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http://www.nust.edu.pk/INSTITUTIONS/Colleges/CEME/Pages/default.aspx

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Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in IEEE Access
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Amputees with lower limb loss need special care during daily life activities to make the movement natural as before amputation. No such work exists covering the main aspects from causes of amputation to the psycho-social impact of the amputees after using the prosthetic device. This review presents for lower limb prosthesis; the study of lower limb amputation, design & development, control strategies & machine learning algorithms, the psycho-social impact of prosthetic users, and design trends in patents. Research articles, review papers, magazines, letters, study reports, surveys, and patents, etc. have been used as sources for this review. Traumatic injuries and different diseases have been found as common causes of amputation. Design & development section illustrates design mechanisms, the categories of passive, active, & semi-active prostheses, an overview of a subset of commercially available prosthetic devices, and 3D printing of the accessories. The control section provides information about control techniques, sensors used, machine learning algorithms, and their key outcomes. Quality of life, phantom limb pain, and psycho-social impact of prosthetic users have been summarized for different countries that are believed to attract the interest of the readers. We have also developed an open-source database “FAKH-50” for patents to emphasize the design trends and advancements in lower limb prostheses from 1970 to 2020. Overall trend analysis determined is in the descending order as the knee (48%) > ankle (28%) > foot (22%) > hip (2%) patents in the current version of our database. The forthcoming section highlights the challenges and prospects of the domain. A mutual observation demands the design of a bio-compatible, lightweight, and economic prosthesis to track the normal human gait by eliminating phantom limb pain. This will empower the amputees to live a quality life in society. This work may be beneficial for researchers, technicians, clinicians, and amputees.

ACS Style

Muhammad Asif; Mohsin Islam Tiwana; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Waqar Shahid Qureshi; Javaid Iqbal; Nasir Rashid; Noman Naseer. Advancements, Trends and Future Prospects of Lower Limb Prosthesis. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 85956 -85977.

AMA Style

Muhammad Asif, Mohsin Islam Tiwana, Umar Shahbaz Khan, Waqar Shahid Qureshi, Javaid Iqbal, Nasir Rashid, Noman Naseer. Advancements, Trends and Future Prospects of Lower Limb Prosthesis. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():85956-85977.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Asif; Mohsin Islam Tiwana; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Waqar Shahid Qureshi; Javaid Iqbal; Nasir Rashid; Noman Naseer. 2021. "Advancements, Trends and Future Prospects of Lower Limb Prosthesis." IEEE Access 9, no. : 85956-85977.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Electronics
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The study proposed the classification and recognition of hand gestures using electromyography (EMG) signals for controlling the upper limb prosthesis. In this research, the EMG signals were measured through an embedded system by wearing a band of MYO gesture control. In order to observe the behavior of these change movements, the EMG data was acquired from 10 healthy subjects (five male and five females) performing four upper limb movements. After extracting EMG data from MYO, the supervised classification approach was applied to recognize the different hand movements. The classification was performed with a 5-fold cross-validation technique under the supervision of Quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), support vector machine (SVM), random forest, gradient boosted, ensemble (bagged tree), and ensemble (subspace K-Nearest Neighbors) classifier. The execution of these classifiers shows the overall accuracy of 83.9% in the case of ensemble (bagged tree) which is higher than other classifiers. Additionally, in this research an embedded system-based classification approach of hand movement was used for designing an upper limb prosthesis. This approach is different than previous techniques as MYO is used with an external Bluetooth module and different libraries that make its movement and performance boundless. The results of this study also inferred the operations which were easy for hand recognition and can be used for developing a powerful, efficient, and flexible prosthetic design in the future.

ACS Style

Haider Javaid; Mohsin Tiwana; Ahmed Alsanad; Javaid Iqbal; Muhammad Riaz; Saeed Ahmad; Faisal Almisned. Classification of Hand Movements Using MYO Armband on an Embedded Platform. Electronics 2021, 10, 1322 .

AMA Style

Haider Javaid, Mohsin Tiwana, Ahmed Alsanad, Javaid Iqbal, Muhammad Riaz, Saeed Ahmad, Faisal Almisned. Classification of Hand Movements Using MYO Armband on an Embedded Platform. Electronics. 2021; 10 (11):1322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haider Javaid; Mohsin Tiwana; Ahmed Alsanad; Javaid Iqbal; Muhammad Riaz; Saeed Ahmad; Faisal Almisned. 2021. "Classification of Hand Movements Using MYO Armband on an Embedded Platform." Electronics 10, no. 11: 1322.

Original article
Published: 20 May 2021 in Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
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Infarct size is a major determinant of outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMs), which deliver nano-molar concentrations of carbon monoxide to tissues, have been shown to reduce infarct size in rodents. We evaluated efficacy and safety of CORM-A1 to reduce infarct size in a clinically relevant porcine model of AMI. We induced AMI in Yorkshire White pigs by inflating a coronary angioplasty balloon to completely occlude the left anterior descending artery for 60 minutes, followed by deflation of the balloon to mimic reperfusion. Fifteen minutes after balloon occlusion, animals were given an infusion of 4.27mM CORM-A1 (n=7) or sodium borate control (n=6) over 60 minutes. Infarct size, cardiac biomarkers, ejection fraction and hepatic and renal function were compared amongst the groups. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to compare inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis between the groups. CORM-A1 treated animals had significant reduction in absolute infarct area (158±16 vs. 510±91 mm2, p<0.001) and infarct area corrected for area at risk (24.8±2.6% vs. 45.2±4.0%, p<0.0001). Biochemical markers of myocardial injury also tended to be lower and LV function tended to recover better in CORM-A1 treated group. There was no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity with the doses used. The cardio-protective effects of CORM-A1 were associated with a significant reduction in cell proliferation and inflammation. CORM-A1 reduces infarct size and improves LV remodelling and function in a porcine model of reperfused MI via a reduction in inflammation. These potential cardio-protective effects of CORMs warrant further translational investigations.

ACS Style

Javaid Iqbal; Janet Chamberlain; Mabruka Alfaidi; Matthew Hughes; Tooba Alizadeh; Helen Casbolt; Paul Evans; Brian Mann; Roberto Motterlini; Sheila Francis; Julian Gunn. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule A1 reduces myocardial damage after acute myocardial infarction in a porcine model. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 2021, Publish Ah, 1 .

AMA Style

Javaid Iqbal, Janet Chamberlain, Mabruka Alfaidi, Matthew Hughes, Tooba Alizadeh, Helen Casbolt, Paul Evans, Brian Mann, Roberto Motterlini, Sheila Francis, Julian Gunn. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule A1 reduces myocardial damage after acute myocardial infarction in a porcine model. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 2021; Publish Ah ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javaid Iqbal; Janet Chamberlain; Mabruka Alfaidi; Matthew Hughes; Tooba Alizadeh; Helen Casbolt; Paul Evans; Brian Mann; Roberto Motterlini; Sheila Francis; Julian Gunn. 2021. "Carbon monoxide releasing molecule A1 reduces myocardial damage after acute myocardial infarction in a porcine model." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology Publish Ah, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2021 in Sensors
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Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease (CVD), which results in hemiplegia, paralysis, or death. Conventionally, a stroke patient requires prolonged sessions with physical therapists for the recovery of motor function. Various home-based rehabilitative devices are also available for upper limbs and require minimal or no assistance from a physiotherapist. However, there is no clinically proven device available for functional recovery of a lower limb. In this study, we explored the potential use of surface electromyography (sEMG) as a controlling mechanism for the development of a home-based lower limb rehabilitative device for stroke patients. In this experiment, three channels of sEMG were used to record data from 11 stroke patients while performing ankle joint movements. The movements were then decoded from the sEMG data and their correlation with the level of motor impairment was investigated. The impairment level was quantified using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scale. During the analysis, Hudgins time-domain features were extracted and classified using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural network (ANN). On average, 63.86% ± 4.3% and 67.1% ± 7.9% of the movements were accurately classified in an offline analysis by LDA and ANN, respectively. We found that in both classifiers, some motions outperformed others (p < 0.001 for LDA and p = 0.014 for ANN). The Spearman correlation (ρ) was calculated between the FMA scores and classification accuracies. The results indicate that there is a moderately positive correlation (ρ = 0.75 for LDA and ρ = 0.55 for ANN) between the two of them. The findings of this study suggest that a home-based EMG system can be developed to provide customized therapy for the improvement of functional lower limb motion in stroke patients.

ACS Style

Afaq Noor; Asim Waris; Syed Gilani; Amer Kashif; Mads Jochumsen; Javaid Iqbal; Imran Niazi. Decoding of Ankle Joint Movements in Stroke Patients Using Surface Electromyography. Sensors 2021, 21, 1575 .

AMA Style

Afaq Noor, Asim Waris, Syed Gilani, Amer Kashif, Mads Jochumsen, Javaid Iqbal, Imran Niazi. Decoding of Ankle Joint Movements in Stroke Patients Using Surface Electromyography. Sensors. 2021; 21 (5):1575.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Afaq Noor; Asim Waris; Syed Gilani; Amer Kashif; Mads Jochumsen; Javaid Iqbal; Imran Niazi. 2021. "Decoding of Ankle Joint Movements in Stroke Patients Using Surface Electromyography." Sensors 21, no. 5: 1575.

Journal article
Published: 21 January 2021 in Infrared Physics & Technology
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Melons are nutritious, healthy, and one of the most eatable summer fruits in South Asia, especially in Pakistan. A melon is delicious if it is sweet, however, the gauge of its sweetness depends on the individual taste buds. In this paper, a direct sweetness classifier is proposed as a quantitative measure, to predict the sweetness of melon as opposed to indirect measure of soluble solid content (SSC/°Brix) based thresholding for near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. To provide guidance for fruit sweetness classification, sensory test was conducted, and sweetness standards were established as; very sweet (with °Brix over 10), sweet (with °Brix between 7 and 10), and flat (with °Brix below 7) class. NIR spectral data obtained using F-750 produce quality meter (310–1100 nm) was analyzed to build SSC prediction model and direct sweetness classification model. The best SSC model was obtained using multiple linear regression on second derivative of spectral data (for wavelength range 729–975 nm) with correlation coefficient = 0.93, and root mean square error = 1.63 on test samples. Sweetness of test samples were obtained using °Brix thresholding with an accuracy of 55.45% for three classes. The best direct sweetness classifier was obtained using K nearest neighbor (KNN) on second derivative of spectral data (for wavelength range 729–975 nm) with an accuracy of 70.3% for three classes on test samples. It was further observed that classification accuracy for sweet and flat melon can be improved by combining sweet and very sweet class samples into one ‘satisfactory’ class (with °Brix over 7). For °Brix thresholding-based classification the accuracy was improved to 80.2% and for KNN based direct sweetness classification the accuracy was improved to 88.12%. Extensive evaluation validates our argument that modeling a direct sweetness classifier is a better approach as compared to °Brix based thresholding for sweetness classification using NIR spectroscopy.

ACS Style

Ayesha Zeb; Waqar S. Qureshi; Abdul Ghafoor; Amanullah Malik; Muhammad Imran; Javaid Iqbal; Eisa Alanazi. Is this melon sweet? A quantitative classification for near-infrared spectroscopy. Infrared Physics & Technology 2021, 114, 103645 .

AMA Style

Ayesha Zeb, Waqar S. Qureshi, Abdul Ghafoor, Amanullah Malik, Muhammad Imran, Javaid Iqbal, Eisa Alanazi. Is this melon sweet? A quantitative classification for near-infrared spectroscopy. Infrared Physics & Technology. 2021; 114 ():103645.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayesha Zeb; Waqar S. Qureshi; Abdul Ghafoor; Amanullah Malik; Muhammad Imran; Javaid Iqbal; Eisa Alanazi. 2021. "Is this melon sweet? A quantitative classification for near-infrared spectroscopy." Infrared Physics & Technology 114, no. : 103645.

Research article
Published: 17 December 2020 in Ethnicity & Health
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A number of Healthcare Practitioners (HCPs), mostly from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) origin have died with COVID-19. This survey aimed to explore the views of an ethnically diverse sample of HCPs in the UK about COVID-19-related deaths among HCPs in general and BAME HCPs in particular. It is a cross-sectional prospective survey of HCPs in UK and was conducted online using Google Forms between 28th April and 4th May 2020. A total of 1119 UK HCPs (aged 45.0 ± 9.5 years, 56% males, 71% BAME) participated. Seventy-two per cent of respondents reported being worried about COVID-19 and 84% had concerns about personal protective equipment (PPE). Almost all (93%) respondents felt that inadequate PPE may be a contributory factor to HCP deaths. Half of the respondents, especially younger and BAME, reported feeling unable to say ‘no’, if asked to work without adequate PPE. BAME HCPs were considered at a higher-risk of acquiring coronavirus and dying with COVID-19. Reasons for excess BAME HCP deaths were believed to be comorbidities, inadequate PPE and working in high-risk areas. Majority (81%) of respondents felt that the government has been slow to respond to COVID-19 related deaths in HCPs and 67% HCPs were of the opinion that BAME workers with risk factors should be removed from direct clinical care. HCPs have significant COVID-19-related concerns. BAME HCPs are considered at increased risk due to comorbidities, working in high-risk areas, and inadequate PPE. BAME HCP should have a thorough risk assessment and high-risk HCPs may need work adjustment or redeployment. All HCPs must have appropriate training and provision of PPE.

ACS Style

Parveen Ali; Zulfiquar Adam; John West; Manish Pareek; Muhammad Raza; Javaid Iqbal. Perceptions of COVID-19-related risk and mortality among ethnically diverse healthcare professionals in the UK. Ethnicity & Health 2020, 26, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Parveen Ali, Zulfiquar Adam, John West, Manish Pareek, Muhammad Raza, Javaid Iqbal. Perceptions of COVID-19-related risk and mortality among ethnically diverse healthcare professionals in the UK. Ethnicity & Health. 2020; 26 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Parveen Ali; Zulfiquar Adam; John West; Manish Pareek; Muhammad Raza; Javaid Iqbal. 2020. "Perceptions of COVID-19-related risk and mortality among ethnically diverse healthcare professionals in the UK." Ethnicity & Health 26, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Infrared Physics & Technology
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Experimentation and analysis of Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) has increasingly been studied as a communication possibility for patients who are severely paralyzed. This study has applied this technique to distinguish brain activities during four different mental tasks. These tasks include Mental Arithmetic (MA), Motor Imagery of Left-Hand (LHMI) and Right-Hand (RHMI) and Rest. fNIRS data used is from an open access dataset of 29 individuals which was collected by Continuous-wave imaging system (NIR Scout). In this research Data integration is performed before the data is preprocessed. Usual preprocessing is done using Butterworth filter to minimize or eliminate any unwanted signal distortion. After that an extensive signal analysis is done in which six different statistical features (Signal Mean (SM), Skewness (SK), Kurtosis (KR), Standard Deviation (SD), Signal Peak (SP), and Signal Variance (SV)) are obtained in the time domain and 13 Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) features are obtained from the frequency domain. As per literature review, MFCC has never been used as feature towards classification of fNIRS signal, which is a novel contribution towards this study. Separate Classification analysis is performed on each domain features. We were able to compare, differentiate and distinguish the brain signal activities captured while performing four different tasks using three different classifiers i.e. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN). The average classification accuracy of 90.54% is achieved from K Nearest Neighbors (KNN) using the time domain features and accuracy achieved from Support Vector Machine (SVM) using the frequency domain features is 95.7%. Comparison with benchmark study shows the efficiency of MFCC as suitable features for improved classification accuracy.

ACS Style

Muhammad Saad Bin Abdul Ghaffar; Umar S. Khan; J. Iqbal; Nasir Rashid; Amir Hamza; Waqar S. Qureshi; Mohsin I. Tiwana; U. Izhar. Improving classification performance of four class FNIRS-BCI using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). Infrared Physics & Technology 2020, 112, 103589 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Saad Bin Abdul Ghaffar, Umar S. Khan, J. Iqbal, Nasir Rashid, Amir Hamza, Waqar S. Qureshi, Mohsin I. Tiwana, U. Izhar. Improving classification performance of four class FNIRS-BCI using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). Infrared Physics & Technology. 2020; 112 ():103589.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Saad Bin Abdul Ghaffar; Umar S. Khan; J. Iqbal; Nasir Rashid; Amir Hamza; Waqar S. Qureshi; Mohsin I. Tiwana; U. Izhar. 2020. "Improving classification performance of four class FNIRS-BCI using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC)." Infrared Physics & Technology 112, no. : 103589.

Review
Published: 10 November 2020 in Artificial Intelligence Review
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Safety and reliability are absolutely important for modern sophisticated systems and technologies. Therefore, malfunction monitoring capabilities are instilled in the system for detection of the incipient faults and anticipation of their impact on the future behavior of the system using fault diagnosis techniques. In particular, state-of-the-art applications rely on the quick and efficient treatment of malfunctions within the equipment/system, resulting in increased production and reduced downtimes. This paper presents developments within Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) methods and reviews of research work in this area. The review presents both traditional model-based and relatively new signal processing-based FDD approaches, with a special consideration paid to artificial intelligence-based FDD methods. Typical steps involved in the design and development of automatic FDD system, including system knowledge representation, data-acquisition and signal processing, fault classification, and maintenance related decision actions, are systematically presented to outline the present status of FDD. Future research trends, challenges and prospective solutions are also highlighted.

ACS Style

Anam Abid; Muhammad Tahir Khan; Javaid Iqbal. A review on fault detection and diagnosis techniques: basics and beyond. Artificial Intelligence Review 2020, 54, 3639 -3664.

AMA Style

Anam Abid, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Javaid Iqbal. A review on fault detection and diagnosis techniques: basics and beyond. Artificial Intelligence Review. 2020; 54 (5):3639-3664.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anam Abid; Muhammad Tahir Khan; Javaid Iqbal. 2020. "A review on fault detection and diagnosis techniques: basics and beyond." Artificial Intelligence Review 54, no. 5: 3639-3664.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2020 in Micromachines
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This paper presents microfabrication process-driven design of a multi-degree of freedom (multi-DoF) non-resonant electrostatic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope by considering the design constraints of commercially available low-cost and widely-used silicon-on-insulator multi-user MEMS processes (SOIMUMPs), with silicon as a structural material. The proposed design consists of a 3-DoF drive mode oscillator with the concept of addition of a collider mass which transmits energy from the drive mass to the passive sense mass. In the sense direction, 2-DoF sense mode oscillator is used to achieve dynamically-amplified displacement in the sense mass. A detailed analytical model for the dynamic response of MEMS gyroscope is presented and performance characteristics are validated through finite element method (FEM)-based simulations. The effect of operating air pressure and temperature variations on the air damping and resulting dynamic response is analyzed. The thermal stability of the design and corresponding effect on the mechanical and capacitive sensitivity, for an operating temperature range of −40 °C to 100 °C, is presented. The results showed that the proposed design is thermally stable, robust to environmental variations, and process tolerances with a wide operational bandwidth and high sensitivity. Moreover, a system-level model of the proposed gyroscope and its integration with the sensor electronics is presented to estimate the voltage sensitivity under the constraints of the readout electronic circuit.

ACS Style

Syed Ali Raza Bukhari; Muhammad Mubasher Saleem; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Amir Hamza; Javaid Iqbal; Rana Iqtidar Shakoor. Microfabrication Process-Driven Design, FEM Analysis and System Modeling of 3-DoF Drive Mode and 2-DoF Sense Mode Thermally Stable Non-Resonant MEMS Gyroscope. Micromachines 2020, 11, 862 .

AMA Style

Syed Ali Raza Bukhari, Muhammad Mubasher Saleem, Umar Shahbaz Khan, Amir Hamza, Javaid Iqbal, Rana Iqtidar Shakoor. Microfabrication Process-Driven Design, FEM Analysis and System Modeling of 3-DoF Drive Mode and 2-DoF Sense Mode Thermally Stable Non-Resonant MEMS Gyroscope. Micromachines. 2020; 11 (9):862.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ali Raza Bukhari; Muhammad Mubasher Saleem; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Amir Hamza; Javaid Iqbal; Rana Iqtidar Shakoor. 2020. "Microfabrication Process-Driven Design, FEM Analysis and System Modeling of 3-DoF Drive Mode and 2-DoF Sense Mode Thermally Stable Non-Resonant MEMS Gyroscope." Micromachines 11, no. 9: 862.

Editorial
Published: 01 July 2019 in Journal of Thoracic Disease
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ACS Style

Rebecca Gosling; Javaid Iqbal. Predicting contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Journal of Thoracic Disease 2019, 11, 2672 -2674.

AMA Style

Rebecca Gosling, Javaid Iqbal. Predicting contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2019; 11 (7):2672-2674.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebecca Gosling; Javaid Iqbal. 2019. "Predicting contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention." Journal of Thoracic Disease 11, no. 7: 2672-2674.

Article
Published: 21 January 2019 in Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
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The “smoker’s paradox”, where smokers have improved survival post-myocardial infarction, was predominantly observed in the thrombolytic era. However, evidence for the smoker’s paradox in the current era of PCI therapy is both limited and inconsistent. We aimed to examine the effect of smoking status on survival in unselected ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients managed by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data were collected for all patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI at The South Yorkshire Cardiothoracic Centre, UK over a 5-year period between 2009 and 2014. Differences in survival by smoking status were assessed before and after adjustment for differences in baseline variables using a Kaplan–Meier curve and a Cox regression analysis, respectively. A total of 3133 STEMI patients were included in the study. After adjustment for differences in baseline variables, smoking was associated with a significantly increased mortality (hazard ratio 1.35 (95% CI 1.04–1.74)) compared to never smokers after 3 years. The risk for ex-smokers (hazard ratio 0.99 (0.76–1.28)) was similar to never smokers. There were no significant differences in survival by smoking status at 30 days and 1 year. In this large registry of STEMI patients managed by primary PCI, smokers had a significantly higher 3-year mortality than non-smokers. This study is the first to not only dispel the existence of the smoker’s paradox, but to highlight a high-risk subgroup who may warrant tailored secondary prevention treatment, including smoking cessation.

ACS Style

Lloyd Steele; James Palmer; Amelia Lloyd; James Fotheringham; Javaid Iqbal; Ever D. Grech. The impact of smoking on mortality after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort outcome study at 3 years. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 2019, 47, 520 -526.

AMA Style

Lloyd Steele, James Palmer, Amelia Lloyd, James Fotheringham, Javaid Iqbal, Ever D. Grech. The impact of smoking on mortality after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort outcome study at 3 years. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 2019; 47 (4):520-526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lloyd Steele; James Palmer; Amelia Lloyd; James Fotheringham; Javaid Iqbal; Ever D. Grech. 2019. "The impact of smoking on mortality after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort outcome study at 3 years." Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 47, no. 4: 520-526.

Journal article
Published: 27 December 2018 in Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine
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Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the default treatment for patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and carries a higher risk of adverse outcomes when compared with elective and urgent PCI. Conventional PCI risk scores tend to be complex and may underestimate the risk associated with PPCI due to under-representation of patients with STEMI in their datasets. This study aimed to develop a simple, practical and contemporary risk model to provide risk stratification in PPCI. Demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected for all patients who underwent PPCI between January 2009 and October 2013 at the Northern General Hospital, Sheffield. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of mortality and to construct a risk model. This model was then separately validated on an internal and external dataset. The derivation cohort included 2870 patients with a 30-day mortality of 5.1% (145 patients). Only four variables were required to predict 30-day mortality: age [OR:1.047, 95% CI:1.031–1.063], call-to-balloon (CTB) time [OR:1.829, 95% CI:1.198–2.791], cardiogenic shock [OR:13.886, 95% CI:8.284–23.275] and congestive heart failure [OR:3.169, 95% CI:1.420–7.072]. Internal validation was performed in 693 patients and external validation in 660 patients undergoing PPCI. Our model showed excellent discrimination on ROC-curve analysis (C-Stat = 0.87 internal and 0.86, external), and excellent calibration on Hosmer-Lemeshow testing (p = 0.37 internal, 0.55 external). We have developed a bedside risk model which can predict 30-day mortality after PPCI using only four variables: age, CTB time, congestive heart failure and shock.

ACS Style

Michael Andrews; Javaid Iqbal; Joshua J. Wall; Dawn Teare; Magdi El-Omar; Farzin Fath-Ordoubadi; Julian Gunn. Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 2018, 20, 980 -984.

AMA Style

Michael Andrews, Javaid Iqbal, Joshua J. Wall, Dawn Teare, Magdi El-Omar, Farzin Fath-Ordoubadi, Julian Gunn. Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 2018; 20 (11):980-984.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael Andrews; Javaid Iqbal; Joshua J. Wall; Dawn Teare; Magdi El-Omar; Farzin Fath-Ordoubadi; Julian Gunn. 2018. "Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction." Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 20, no. 11: 980-984.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2018 in 2018 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems (ACIRS)
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This paper presents the design of a 3 degree of freedom manipulator which can be easily mounted on an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV). UGVs operate in closed spaces and rough terrains where human manipulation is difficult for applications involving urban search and rescue. The manipulator therefore needs to have high performance, be light-weight and compact. The proposed design of the manipulator can be easily used with different end-effectors like a camera, gripper or cutter, relevant to the application. In order to maximize the payload capacity and minimize power consumption, in-parallel actuation of the elbow joint is proposed which nullifies the load of actuator on shoulder joint. A chain mechanism is used to transfer torque from motor at base to the relevant joint. Self-locking has been achieved by using worm and gear. This approach results in an increase of 1.42 kilograms in the payload capacity of the manipulator. The results are verified through experimentation.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umar Masood; Muhammad Mujtaba; Muhammad Ahsan Sami; Nasir Rashid; Javaid Iqbal. Design and Experimental Testing of an In-Parallel Actuated 3 DOF Serial Robotic Manipulator for Unmanned Ground Vehicle. 2018 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems (ACIRS) 2018, 45 -49.

AMA Style

Muhammad Umar Masood, Muhammad Mujtaba, Muhammad Ahsan Sami, Nasir Rashid, Javaid Iqbal. Design and Experimental Testing of an In-Parallel Actuated 3 DOF Serial Robotic Manipulator for Unmanned Ground Vehicle. 2018 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems (ACIRS). 2018; ():45-49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umar Masood; Muhammad Mujtaba; Muhammad Ahsan Sami; Nasir Rashid; Javaid Iqbal. 2018. "Design and Experimental Testing of an In-Parallel Actuated 3 DOF Serial Robotic Manipulator for Unmanned Ground Vehicle." 2018 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems (ACIRS) , no. : 45-49.

Review article
Published: 02 June 2018 in Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine
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Reperfusion therapy has resulted in significant improvement in post-myocardial infarction morbidity and mortality in over the last 4 decades. Nonetheless, it is well recognized that simply restoring patency of the epicardial artery may not stop or reverse damage at microvascular level, and myocardial salvage is often suboptimal. Numerous efforts have been undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms underlying extensive myonecrosis to facilitate the discovery of therapies to provide additional and incremental benefits over current therapeutic pathways. To date, conclusively effective strategies to promote myocardial recovery have not yet been established. Novel approaches are investigating the foundational cellular and molecular bases of myocardial ischemia and irreversible injury. Herein, we review the emerging concepts and proposed therapies that may improve myocardial protection and reduce infarct size. We examine the preclinical and clinical evidence for reduced infarct size with these strategies, including anti-inflammatory agents, intracellular ion channel modulators, agents affecting the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) and nitric oxide signaling pathways, modulators of mitochondrial function, anti-apoptotic agents, and stem cell and gene therapy. We review the potential reasons of failures to date and the potential for new strategies to further promote myocardial recovery and improve prognosis.

ACS Style

Yasir Parviz; Mohammad Waleed; Sethumadhavan Vijayan; David Adlam; Shahar Lavi; Arif Al Nooryani; Javaid Iqbal; Gregg W. Stone. Cellular and molecular approaches to enhance myocardial recovery after myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 2018, 20, 351 -364.

AMA Style

Yasir Parviz, Mohammad Waleed, Sethumadhavan Vijayan, David Adlam, Shahar Lavi, Arif Al Nooryani, Javaid Iqbal, Gregg W. Stone. Cellular and molecular approaches to enhance myocardial recovery after myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 2018; 20 (4):351-364.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yasir Parviz; Mohammad Waleed; Sethumadhavan Vijayan; David Adlam; Shahar Lavi; Arif Al Nooryani; Javaid Iqbal; Gregg W. Stone. 2018. "Cellular and molecular approaches to enhance myocardial recovery after myocardial infarction." Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 20, no. 4: 351-364.

Conference paper
Published: 13 April 2018 in Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017)
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Fahad Mahmood; Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir; Fahad Mehmood; Javaid Iqbal. 3D shape recovery from image focus using gray level co-occurrence matrix. Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017) 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Fahad Mahmood, Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir, Fahad Mehmood, Javaid Iqbal. 3D shape recovery from image focus using gray level co-occurrence matrix. Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017). 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fahad Mahmood; Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir; Fahad Mehmood; Javaid Iqbal. 2018. "3D shape recovery from image focus using gray level co-occurrence matrix." Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017) , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 13 April 2018 in Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017)
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Recovering an accurate and precise depth map from a set of acquired 2-D image dataset of the target object each having different focus information is an ultimate goal of 3-D shape recovery. Focus measure algorithm plays an important role in this architecture as it converts the corresponding color value information into focus information which will be then utilized for recovering depth map. This article introduces Gabor features as focus measure approach for recovering depth map from a set of 2-D images. Frequency and orientation representation of Gabor filter features is similar to human visual system and normally applied for texture representation. Due to its little computational complexity, sharp focus measure curve, robust to random noise sources and accuracy, it is considered as superior alternative to most of recently proposed 3-D shape recovery approaches. This algorithm is deeply investigated on real image sequences and synthetic image dataset. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is also compared with the state of art 3-D shape recovery approaches. Finally, by means of two global statistical measures, root mean square error and correlation, we claim that this approach, in spite of simplicity, generates accurate results.

ACS Style

Fahad Mahmood; Ayesha Zeb; Jawad Mahmood; Javaid Iqbal. 3D shape recovery from image focus using Gabor features. Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017) 2018, 10696, 106961F .

AMA Style

Fahad Mahmood, Ayesha Zeb, Jawad Mahmood, Javaid Iqbal. 3D shape recovery from image focus using Gabor features. Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017). 2018; 10696 ():106961F.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fahad Mahmood; Ayesha Zeb; Jawad Mahmood; Javaid Iqbal. 2018. "3D shape recovery from image focus using Gabor features." Tenth International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2017) 10696, no. : 106961F.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes
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Instant demand of products and services by technologically active users has increased the demand for open source software (OSS)-based applications. Unfortunately, with the complexity and lack of understanding of OSS-based systems, it becomes difficult for a testing team to remove the faults and the fault removal rate becomes low in comparison to what it should be. This also results in generating new faults during removal. Also, the rate at which the testing team detects/corrects fault need not be same during the entire process of testing due to various reasons viz. change in testing strategy, understanding of code, change in resources, etc. In the existing literature on OSS, authors have developed many models considering the above aspects separately. In this article, all of the above aspects have been combined to develop a general framework for predicting the number of faults in OSS. The comparison of eight models on the basis of their prediction capability on two well-known Open Source Software datasets is created and then ranked using normalized criteria distance approach.

ACS Style

Shozab Khurshid; Avinash Kumar Shrivastava; Javaid Iqbal. Fault Prediction Modelling in Open Source Software Under Imperfect Debugging and Change-Point. International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 2018, 9, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Shozab Khurshid, Avinash Kumar Shrivastava, Javaid Iqbal. Fault Prediction Modelling in Open Source Software Under Imperfect Debugging and Change-Point. International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes. 2018; 9 (2):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shozab Khurshid; Avinash Kumar Shrivastava; Javaid Iqbal. 2018. "Fault Prediction Modelling in Open Source Software Under Imperfect Debugging and Change-Point." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 9, no. 2: 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of the American College of Cardiology
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Lloyd Steele; James Palmer; Amelia Lloyd; James Fotheringham; Javaid Iqbal; Ever Grech. SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SURVIVAL AFTER ACUTE ST-SEGMENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2018, 71, A1902 .

AMA Style

Lloyd Steele, James Palmer, Amelia Lloyd, James Fotheringham, Javaid Iqbal, Ever Grech. SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SURVIVAL AFTER ACUTE ST-SEGMENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2018; 71 (11):A1902.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lloyd Steele; James Palmer; Amelia Lloyd; James Fotheringham; Javaid Iqbal; Ever Grech. 2018. "SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SURVIVAL AFTER ACUTE ST-SEGMENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 71, no. 11: A1902.

Conference paper
Published: 01 December 2017 in 2017 20th International Conference of Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT)
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Now a day many visually impaired people face many problems when they walk on the roads or streets. These people need a device which is used in avoiding obstacle and helping in navigation. This paper introduces a novel embedded system device called voice enabled stick (VES) which is used to help the visually impaired people to navigate among the obstacles. This device is comprised of a long handle and three ultra-sonic sensors mounted at the end to extract the distance from the nearest obstacle. The output of the stick is in the form of voice to a head phone which gives commands to the user (visually impaired-person) to move right, turn left, and go straight or to stop. The user hears the voice commands from the device and navigates through the obstacles easily without any prior knowledge on the device. In this paper past existing devices have reviewed and the parameters related to these devices and VES are discussed. The improvement in different existing devices for blind people, their limitations and their advantages and disadvantages are examined. Comparison of different existing sticks with our proposed device is also recognized. Challenges issues and difficulties related to propose VES needs to be overcome have been highlighted.

ACS Style

Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir; Fahad Mahmood; Ayesha Zeb; Fahad Mehmood; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Javaid Iqbal. The voice enabled stick. 2017 20th International Conference of Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT) 2017, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir, Fahad Mahmood, Ayesha Zeb, Fahad Mehmood, Umar Shahbaz Khan, Javaid Iqbal. The voice enabled stick. 2017 20th International Conference of Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT). 2017; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Muhammad Umair Munir; Fahad Mahmood; Ayesha Zeb; Fahad Mehmood; Umar Shahbaz Khan; Javaid Iqbal. 2017. "The voice enabled stick." 2017 20th International Conference of Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT) , no. : 1-5.

Website
Published: 02 October 2017 in Bioresorbable Scaffolds
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Ayyaz Sultan; Takashi Muramatsu; Javaid Iqbal. Bioresorbable scaffolds for treating coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Bioresorbable Scaffolds 2017, 379 -388.

AMA Style

Ayyaz Sultan, Takashi Muramatsu, Javaid Iqbal. Bioresorbable scaffolds for treating coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Bioresorbable Scaffolds. 2017; ():379-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayyaz Sultan; Takashi Muramatsu; Javaid Iqbal. 2017. "Bioresorbable scaffolds for treating coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus." Bioresorbable Scaffolds , no. : 379-388.