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In the era of rapid climate change, abiotic stresses are the primary cause for yield gap in major agricultural crops. Among them, salinity is considered a calamitous stress due to its global distribution and consequences. Salinity affects plant processes and growth by imposing osmotic stress and destroys ionic and redox signaling. It also affects phytohormone homeostasis, which leads to oxidative stress and eventually imbalances metabolic activity. In this situation, signaling compound crosstalk such as gasotransmitters [nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), calcium (Ca), reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and plant growth regulators (auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid) have a decisive role in regulating plant stress signaling and administer unfavorable circumstances including salinity stress. Moreover, recent significant progress in omics techniques (transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have helped to reinforce the deep understanding of molecular insight in multiple stress tolerance. Currently, there is very little information on gasotransmitters and plant growth regulator crosstalk and inadequacy of information regarding the integration of multi-omics technology during salinity stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the crucial cell signaling crosstalk mechanisms and integrative multi-omics techniques to provide a more direct approach for salinity stress tolerance. To address the above-mentioned words, this review covers the common mechanisms of signaling compounds and role of different signaling crosstalk under salinity stress tolerance. Thereafter, we mention the integration of different omics technology and compile recent information with respect to salinity stress tolerance.
Rajesh K. Singhal; Debanjana Saha; Milan Skalicky; Udit N. Mishra; Jyoti Chauhan; Laxmi P. Behera; Devidutta Lenka; Subhash Chand; Vivek Kumar; Prajjal Dey; Indu; Saurabh Pandey; Pavla Vachova; Aayushi Gupta; Marian Brestic; Ayman El Sabagh. Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleRajesh K. Singhal, Debanjana Saha, Milan Skalicky, Udit N. Mishra, Jyoti Chauhan, Laxmi P. Behera, Devidutta Lenka, Subhash Chand, Vivek Kumar, Prajjal Dey, Indu, Saurabh Pandey, Pavla Vachova, Aayushi Gupta, Marian Brestic, Ayman El Sabagh. Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajesh K. Singhal; Debanjana Saha; Milan Skalicky; Udit N. Mishra; Jyoti Chauhan; Laxmi P. Behera; Devidutta Lenka; Subhash Chand; Vivek Kumar; Prajjal Dey; Indu; Saurabh Pandey; Pavla Vachova; Aayushi Gupta; Marian Brestic; Ayman El Sabagh. 2021. "Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants." Frontiers in Plant Science 12, no. : 1.
Wheat constitutes pivotal position for ensuring food and nutritional security; however, rapidly rising soil and water salinity pose a serious threat to its production globally. Salinity stress negatively affects the growth and development of wheat leading to diminished grain yield and quality. Wheat plants utilize a range of physiological biochemical and molecular mechanisms to adapt under salinity stress at the cell, tissue as well as whole plant levels to optimize the growth, and yield by off-setting the adverse effects of saline environment. Recently, various adaptation and management strategies have been developed to reduce the deleterious effects of salinity stress to maximize the production and nutritional quality of wheat. This review emphasizes and synthesizes the deleterious effects of salinity stress on wheat yield and quality along with highlighting the adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainable wheat production to ensure food security of skyrocketing population under changing climate.
Ayman EL Sabagh; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Milan Skalicky; Muhammad Ali Raza; Kulvir Singh; Mohammad Anwar Hossain; Akbar Hossain; Wajid Mahboob; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Disna Ratnasekera; Rajesh Kumar Singhal; Sharif Ahmed; Arpna Kumari; Allah Wasaya; Oksana Sytar; Marian Brestic; Fatih Çig; Murat Erman; Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman; Najeeb Ullah; Adnan Arshad. Salinity Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Changing Climate: Adaptation and Management Strategies. Frontiers in Agronomy 2021, 3, 1 .
AMA StyleAyman EL Sabagh, Mohammad Sohidul Islam, Milan Skalicky, Muhammad Ali Raza, Kulvir Singh, Mohammad Anwar Hossain, Akbar Hossain, Wajid Mahboob, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal, Disna Ratnasekera, Rajesh Kumar Singhal, Sharif Ahmed, Arpna Kumari, Allah Wasaya, Oksana Sytar, Marian Brestic, Fatih Çig, Murat Erman, Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman, Najeeb Ullah, Adnan Arshad. Salinity Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Changing Climate: Adaptation and Management Strategies. Frontiers in Agronomy. 2021; 3 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyman EL Sabagh; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Milan Skalicky; Muhammad Ali Raza; Kulvir Singh; Mohammad Anwar Hossain; Akbar Hossain; Wajid Mahboob; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Disna Ratnasekera; Rajesh Kumar Singhal; Sharif Ahmed; Arpna Kumari; Allah Wasaya; Oksana Sytar; Marian Brestic; Fatih Çig; Murat Erman; Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman; Najeeb Ullah; Adnan Arshad. 2021. "Salinity Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Changing Climate: Adaptation and Management Strategies." Frontiers in Agronomy 3, no. : 1.
Background Organic mulches are widely used in crop production systems. Due to their benefits in improving soil fertility, retention of soil moisture and weed control. Field experiments were conducted during wheat growing seasons of 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 to evaluate the effects of Jatropha leaves mulch on the growth of wheat varieties ‘Wadan-17’ (rainfed) and ‘Pirsabaq-2013’ (irrigated) under well irrigated and water stress conditions (non-irrigated maintaining 40% soil field capacity). Jatropha mulch was applied to the soil surface at 0, 1, 3 and 5 Mg ha−1 before sowing grains in the field. Under conditions of water stress, Jatropha mulch significantly maintained the soil moisture content necessary for normal plant growth. Results We noted a decrease in plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area, leaf relative water content (LRWC), chlorophyll, and carotenoid content due to water stress. However, water stress caused an increase in leaf and root phenolics content, leaf soluble sugars and electrolytes leakage. We observed that Jatropha mulch maintained LRWC, plant height, shoot and root fresh/dry weight, leaf area and chlorophyll content under water stress. Moreover, water stress adverse effects on leaf soluble sugar content and electrolyte leakage were reversed to normal by Jatropha mulch. Conclusion Therefore, it may be concluded that Jatropha leaves mulch will minimize water stress adverse effects on wheat by maintaining soil moisture and plant water status.
Muhammad Irshad; Faizan Ullah; Shah Fahad; Sultan Mehmood; Asif Ullah Khan; Martin Brtnicky; Antonin Kintl; Jiri Holatko; Inam Irshad; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish. Evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. leaves mulching on wheat growth and biochemical attributes under water stress. BMC Plant Biology 2021, 21, 1 -12.
AMA StyleMuhammad Irshad, Faizan Ullah, Shah Fahad, Sultan Mehmood, Asif Ullah Khan, Martin Brtnicky, Antonin Kintl, Jiri Holatko, Inam Irshad, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Ayman EL Sabagh, Rahul Datta, Subhan Danish. Evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. leaves mulching on wheat growth and biochemical attributes under water stress. BMC Plant Biology. 2021; 21 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Irshad; Faizan Ullah; Shah Fahad; Sultan Mehmood; Asif Ullah Khan; Martin Brtnicky; Antonin Kintl; Jiri Holatko; Inam Irshad; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish. 2021. "Evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. leaves mulching on wheat growth and biochemical attributes under water stress." BMC Plant Biology 21, no. 1: 1-12.
Jute is the golden fiber of Bangladesh, but its production is declining due to the involvement of higher production and processing costs, where a major portion of the cost is needed for fiber extraction. Labor unavailability and increasing labor cost have led to higher jute fiber production cost. To address these issues, this study looks at the development of a power-operated and cost-effective fiber extraction machine aiming at reducing the production cost. The study was conducted at the Rangpur regional office premises of Practical Action in Bangladesh, and the developed machine was branded as “Aashkol”, which had the following major parts: a feeding tray, a primary extraction roller, a secondary extraction roller, grabbing rollers, fiber collection stand, base frame, protection cover, and a spring-loaded tray under the primary extraction roller. The Aashkol can extract green ribbon from the jute stem, but jute sticks were broken down into smaller pieces (3–6 cm). The performance evaluation of the machine was conducted using different types of jute (Deshi, Kenaf, and Tossa) and compared with another jute extraction machine (KP model, introduced by Karupannya Rangpur Ltd.). The Aashkol-based extraction and improved retting systems were also evaluated and compared with traditional jute extraction systems. The jute stem input capacity (4.99 t h−1) of the Aashkol was 47.6% higher than the KP model (3.38 t h−1). Compared with the traditional system, across jute types, the Aashkol produced a 9% higher fiber yield and saved 46% retting time. Overall, the Aashkol reduced 90% of the labor requirement and saved 11.6 USD t−1 in jute fiber extraction and retting than the traditional method.
Rejaul Karim; Muhammad Hoque; Alamgir Chawdhury; Faruk- Ul- Islam; Sharif Ahmed; Ayman EL Sabagh; Akbar Hossain. Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Power-Operated Jute Fiber Extraction Machine. AgriEngineering 2021, 3, 403 -422.
AMA StyleRejaul Karim, Muhammad Hoque, Alamgir Chawdhury, Faruk- Ul- Islam, Sharif Ahmed, Ayman EL Sabagh, Akbar Hossain. Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Power-Operated Jute Fiber Extraction Machine. AgriEngineering. 2021; 3 (2):403-422.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRejaul Karim; Muhammad Hoque; Alamgir Chawdhury; Faruk- Ul- Islam; Sharif Ahmed; Ayman EL Sabagh; Akbar Hossain. 2021. "Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Power-Operated Jute Fiber Extraction Machine." AgriEngineering 3, no. 2: 403-422.
Cropping under conservation agriculture (CA) has become increasingly attractive among farmers in recent years. However, weed control may be more difficult during the transition to CA from conventional establishment methods due to the reduction in tillage intensity. Conversely, CA changes to weed dynamics can alter the weed seed bank in the longer run. In Bangladesh’s intensively cropped rice-based rotations, the nature of weed seed bank shifts over time after adopting CA are poorly known. Two 2-year studies were sampled from on-farm CA experiments under wheat-mungbean-winter rice and monsoon rice-mustard-winter rice rotations. We investigated the effects of reduced soil disruption in the form of strip-tillage (ST) combined with increased deposition of standing reside from previous crops (0 vs. 50%). The weed seed bank in 0–5, 5–10, and 10–15 cm depths of soil were quantified in a shade-house experiment by measuring weed emergence over 12 months in seedling trays. After 2 years of field study, the year-round count of emerged weeds from the seed bank showed that ST plus 50% mulch had a lower weed abundance and biomass and fewer weed species than that of conventional tillage (CT) without residue. The perennial weeds Ageratum conyzoides L., Alternanthera philoxeroides L., Cynodon dactylon L., Cyperus rotundus L., Jussia decurrence Walt., Leersia hexandra L., Scirpus mucronatus (L.) Palla., and Solanum torvum Sw. were enriched in the smaller-sized ST seed banks in terms of both density and biomass. The CT, on the other hand, was dominated by annual weeds: Cyperus difformis L., Cyanotis axillaris Roem., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., Eleusine indica L., Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl., and Rotala ramosior L. Overall, ST plus 50% residue had a more diverse seed bank than CT without mulch. The majority of weed seeds were amassed in the 0–5 cm soil depth of the ST, while most of them were accumulated in the 10–15 cm layer of the CT. The wheat-mungbean-winter rice rotation had a more diverse floristic composition with many more weed species than the monsoon rice-mustard-winter rice rotation.
Mohammad Hossain; Mahfuza Begum; Abul Hashem; Moshiur Rahman; Sharif Ahmed; Montaser Hassan; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Adel Hadifa; Ayman Sabagh; Richard Bell. Strip Tillage and Crop Residue Retention Decrease the Size but Increase the Diversity of the Weed Seed Bank under Intensive Rice-Based Crop Rotations in Bangladesh. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1164 .
AMA StyleMohammad Hossain, Mahfuza Begum, Abul Hashem, Moshiur Rahman, Sharif Ahmed, Montaser Hassan, Talha Javed, Rubab Shabbir, Adel Hadifa, Ayman Sabagh, Richard Bell. Strip Tillage and Crop Residue Retention Decrease the Size but Increase the Diversity of the Weed Seed Bank under Intensive Rice-Based Crop Rotations in Bangladesh. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (6):1164.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Hossain; Mahfuza Begum; Abul Hashem; Moshiur Rahman; Sharif Ahmed; Montaser Hassan; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Adel Hadifa; Ayman Sabagh; Richard Bell. 2021. "Strip Tillage and Crop Residue Retention Decrease the Size but Increase the Diversity of the Weed Seed Bank under Intensive Rice-Based Crop Rotations in Bangladesh." Agronomy 11, no. 6: 1164.
Accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) by ornamental plants (OPs) from contaminated agriculture soils is a unique technique that can efficiently reduce the metal load in the food chain. Amaranthus tricolor L. has attractive characteristics acquiring a higher growth rate and large biomass when grown at heavy metal contaminated soils. Site-specific detailed information is not available on the use of A. tricolor plant in metal phytoremediation from the polluted sites. The study aimed to enhance the uptake of HMs (Pb, Zn, and Cu) via amending poultry litter extract (PLE), vinasse sugarcane (VSC), and humic acid (HA) as natural mobilized organic materials compared to ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), as a common mobilized chemical agent by A. tricolor plant. The studied soils collected from Helwan, El-Gabal El-Asfar (Cairo Governorate), Arab El-Madabeg (Assiut Governorate), Egypt, and study have been conducted under pot condition. Our results revealed all organic materials in all studied soils, except EDTA in EL-Gabal El-Asfar soil, significantly increased the dry weight of the A. tricolor plant compared to the control treatment. The uptake of Pb and Zn significantly (p > 0.05) increased due to applying all organic materials to the studied soils. HA application caused the highest uptake as shown in Pb concentration by more than 5 times in Helwan soil and EDTA by 65% in El-Gabal El-Asfar soil while VSC increased it by 110% in El-Madabeg soil. Also, an increase in Zn concentration due to EDTA application was 58, 42, and 56% for Helwan, El-Gabal El-Asfar, and El-Madabeg soil, respectively. In all studied soils, the application of organic materials increased the remediation factor (RF) than the control. El-Madabeg soil treated with vinasse sugarcane gave the highest RF values; 6.40, 3.26, and 4.02% for Pb, Zn, and Cu, respectively, than the control. Thus, we identified A. tricolor as a successful ornamental candidate that, along with organic mobilization amendments, most efficiently develop soil health, reduce metal toxicity, and recommend remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. Additionally, long-term application of organic mobilization amendments and continued growth of A. tricolor under field conditions could be recommended for future directions to confirm the results.
Mahrous Awad; M. El-Desoky; A. Ghallab; Jan Kubes; S. Abdel-Mawly; Subhan Danish; Disna Ratnasekera; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Milan Skalicky; Marian Brestic; Alaa Baazeem; Saqer Alotaibi; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Shah Fahad; Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. Ornamental Plant Efficiency for Heavy Metals Phytoextraction from Contaminated Soils Amended with Organic Materials. Molecules 2021, 26, 3360 .
AMA StyleMahrous Awad, M. El-Desoky, A. Ghallab, Jan Kubes, S. Abdel-Mawly, Subhan Danish, Disna Ratnasekera, Mohammad Sohidul Islam, Milan Skalicky, Marian Brestic, Alaa Baazeem, Saqer Alotaibi, Talha Javed, Rubab Shabbir, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman, Ayman EL Sabagh. Ornamental Plant Efficiency for Heavy Metals Phytoextraction from Contaminated Soils Amended with Organic Materials. Molecules. 2021; 26 (11):3360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahrous Awad; M. El-Desoky; A. Ghallab; Jan Kubes; S. Abdel-Mawly; Subhan Danish; Disna Ratnasekera; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Milan Skalicky; Marian Brestic; Alaa Baazeem; Saqer Alotaibi; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Shah Fahad; Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Ornamental Plant Efficiency for Heavy Metals Phytoextraction from Contaminated Soils Amended with Organic Materials." Molecules 26, no. 11: 3360.
Minimum soil disturbance and increased crop residue retention practices are promising options to enhance soil organic matter, nutrient concentration and crop yield. However, the potentials of the practices in improving soil properties, increasing crop yield and in ensuring economic return have not been tested in the monsoon rice (Oryza sativa L.)-lentil (Lens culinaris L.)/wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-jute (Corchorus culinaris L.) cropping systems on seasonally flooded lowlands of the Eastern Gangetic Plain of South Asia. A field trial for consecutive three years was conducted in the Gangetic Plains of Bangladesh to evaluate the effects of zero tillage (ZT), strip-tillage (ST), bed planting (BP) and conventional tillage (CT) with two residue retention levels (RL—a low level similar to current farmers’ practice and RH—increased retention) on soil properties, yield and economic return. Between rice and jute crops, lentil was grown for the 1st and 2nd years and wheat for the 3rd year during the dry winter season. The ST and BP performed better than the CT and ZT in terms of yield of rice and lentil, whereas ST and ZT performed better than other practices in the case of jute. Higher residue retention (RH) increased crop yield for all the years. The highest rice equivalent yield (sum of 3 crop yields, expressed as rice yield) and the greatest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) were recorded with ST and RH. The increased yield in the ST was associated with reduced soil bulk density (BD), while ST with RH increased soil water (SW) and decreased penetration resistance (PR) of soil. Compared to CT, minimum soil disturbance of ZT and ST increased soil organic matter (SOM) stock by 24% and 23%, respectively; total nitrogen (TN) by 23.5% and 18.4%, respectively; extractable sulphur (S) by 21% and 18%, respectively; whereas Zinc (Zn) concentrations increased by 53% and 47%, respectively, in the upper 0–5 cm soil depth. Accumulation of extractable P, S and Zn in the 0–5 cm depth of soil followed the sequence as ZT > ST > BP > CT practice. The higher amount of residue retention significantly increased SOM, TN and extractable P, K, S and Zn concentrations at 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm soil depths. The 3-year study suggests that ST with RH is a potential crop management approach for the seasonally flooded rice-lentil/wheat-jute cropping systems to enhance soil nutrients status, crop yield and farm economy.
Nazmus Salahin; Mohammad Jahiruddin; Mohammad Islam; Khairul Alam; M. Haque; Sharif Ahmed; Alaa Baazeem; Adel Hadifa; Ayman EL Sabagh; Richard Bell. Establishment of Crops under Minimal Soil Disturbance and Crop Residue Retention in Rice-Based Cropping System: Yield Advantage, Soil Health Improvement, and Economic Benefit. Land 2021, 10, 581 .
AMA StyleNazmus Salahin, Mohammad Jahiruddin, Mohammad Islam, Khairul Alam, M. Haque, Sharif Ahmed, Alaa Baazeem, Adel Hadifa, Ayman EL Sabagh, Richard Bell. Establishment of Crops under Minimal Soil Disturbance and Crop Residue Retention in Rice-Based Cropping System: Yield Advantage, Soil Health Improvement, and Economic Benefit. Land. 2021; 10 (6):581.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNazmus Salahin; Mohammad Jahiruddin; Mohammad Islam; Khairul Alam; M. Haque; Sharif Ahmed; Alaa Baazeem; Adel Hadifa; Ayman EL Sabagh; Richard Bell. 2021. "Establishment of Crops under Minimal Soil Disturbance and Crop Residue Retention in Rice-Based Cropping System: Yield Advantage, Soil Health Improvement, and Economic Benefit." Land 10, no. 6: 581.
The formation of new scaffolds to enhance healing magnitude is necessarily required in biomedical applications. Granulation tissue formation is a crucial stage of wound healing in which granulation tissue grows on the surface of a wound by the formation of connective tissue and blood vessels. In the present study, porous hydrogels were synthesized using chitosan incorporating latex of the Calotropis procera plant by using a freeze–thaw cycle to stimulate the formation of granulation tissue and angiogenesis in wound healing applications. Structural analysis through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between chitosan and Calotropis procera. Latex extract containing hydrogel showed slightly higher absorption than the control during water absorption analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis showed high thermal stability of the 60:40 combination of chitosan (CS) and Calotropis procera as compared to all other treatments and controls. A fabricated scaffold application on a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) showed that all hydrogels containing latex extract resulted in a significant formation of blood vessels and regeneration of cells. Overall, the formation of connective tissues and blood capillaries and healing magnitude decreased in ascending order of concentration of extract.
Muhammad Zahid; Maria Lodhi; Zulfiqar Rehan; Hamna Tayyab; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Ahmed Mukhtar; Ayman EL Sabagh; Robert Adamski; Mohamed Sakran; Dorota Siuta. Sustainable Development of Chitosan/Calotropis procera-Based Hydrogels to Stimulate Formation of Granulation Tissue and Angiogenesis in Wound Healing Applications. Molecules 2021, 26, 3284 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Zahid, Maria Lodhi, Zulfiqar Rehan, Hamna Tayyab, Talha Javed, Rubab Shabbir, Ahmed Mukhtar, Ayman EL Sabagh, Robert Adamski, Mohamed Sakran, Dorota Siuta. Sustainable Development of Chitosan/Calotropis procera-Based Hydrogels to Stimulate Formation of Granulation Tissue and Angiogenesis in Wound Healing Applications. Molecules. 2021; 26 (11):3284.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zahid; Maria Lodhi; Zulfiqar Rehan; Hamna Tayyab; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Ahmed Mukhtar; Ayman EL Sabagh; Robert Adamski; Mohamed Sakran; Dorota Siuta. 2021. "Sustainable Development of Chitosan/Calotropis procera-Based Hydrogels to Stimulate Formation of Granulation Tissue and Angiogenesis in Wound Healing Applications." Molecules 26, no. 11: 3284.
Stem reserves in grain crops are considered important in grain filling under post-anthesis stress in the absence/low availability of photosynthetic assimilates. Considerable variation is present among genotypes for stem reserve translocation in wheat. Therefore, this study aimed to exploit the phenotypic variation for stem reserve translocation in wheat under control and chemically induced stress conditions. The phenotypic variation among six parents and their corresponding direct cross combinations was evaluated under induced stress conditions. The results signify the presence of considerable variation between treatments, genotypes, and treatment-genotype interactions. The parent LLR-20 depicted the highest translocation of dry matter and contribution of post-anthesis assimilates under induced-stress conditions. Similarly, cross combinations Nacozari × LLR22, Nacozari × LLR 20, Nacozari × Parula, Nacozari × LLR 21, LLR 22 × LLR 21, and LLR 20 × LLR 21 showed higher source-sink accumulation under induced-stress conditions. The selected parents and cross combinations can be further utilized in the breeding program to strengthen the genetic basis for stress tolerance in wheat.
Mian Nazir; Zareen Sarfraz; Naimatullah Mangi; Muhammad Nawaz Shah; Talat Mahmood; Tahir Mahmood; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Mohamed Shabaan; Sobhy Sorour; Ayman EL Sabagh. Post-Anthesis Mobilization of Stem Assimilates in Wheat under Induced Stress. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5940 .
AMA StyleMian Nazir, Zareen Sarfraz, Naimatullah Mangi, Muhammad Nawaz Shah, Talat Mahmood, Tahir Mahmood, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Mohamed Shabaan, Sobhy Sorour, Ayman EL Sabagh. Post-Anthesis Mobilization of Stem Assimilates in Wheat under Induced Stress. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5940.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMian Nazir; Zareen Sarfraz; Naimatullah Mangi; Muhammad Nawaz Shah; Talat Mahmood; Tahir Mahmood; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Mohamed Shabaan; Sobhy Sorour; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Post-Anthesis Mobilization of Stem Assimilates in Wheat under Induced Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5940.
Lipoic acid (LA) and melatonin (MT) are pleiotropic molecules participating in plant stress resistance by modulating cellular biochemical changes, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the combined role of these two molecules in counteracting the detrimental impacts of salinity stress is still unknown. In the present study, we determined the effects of exogenous LA (0.5 µM), MT (1 µM) and their combination (LA + MT) on growth performance and biomass accumulation, photosynthetic pigments, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities, and ions homeostatic in canola (Brassica napus L.) seedlings under salinity stress (0, 100 mM) for 40 days. The results indicate that exogenous application of LA + MT improved the phenotypic growth (by 25 to 45%), root thickness (by 68%), number of later lateral roots (by 52%), root viability (by 44%), and root length (by 50%) under salinity stress. Moreover, total soluble protein, chlorophyll pigments, the concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase peroxidase (CAT), and ascorbic peroxidase (ASA) increased with the presence of salt concentration into the growth media and then decreased with the addition of LA + MT to saline solution. Leaf protein contents and the degradation of photosynthetic pigments were lower when LA + MT treatments were added into NaCl media. The proline and phenol contents decreased in the exogenous application of LA + MT treatments more than individual LA or MT treatments under the salinity stress. The incorporation of LA or MT or a combination of LA + MT to saline solution decreased salinity-induced malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage. In conclusion, the alteration of metabolic pathways, redox modulation, and ions homeostasis in plant tissues by the combined LA and MT application are helpful towards the adaptation of Brassica napus L. seedlings in a saline environment. The results of this study provide, for the first time, conclusive evidence about the protective role of exogenous LA + MT in canola seedlings under salinity stress.
Hafiz Javeed; Mazhar Ali; Milan Skalicky; Fahim Nawaz; Rafi Qamar; Atique Rehman; Maooz Faheem; Muhammad Mubeen; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Rahman; Pavla Vachova; Marian Brestic; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman EL Sabagh. Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings (Brassica napus L.). Molecules 2021, 26, 3147 .
AMA StyleHafiz Javeed, Mazhar Ali, Milan Skalicky, Fahim Nawaz, Rafi Qamar, Atique Rehman, Maooz Faheem, Muhammad Mubeen, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Rahman, Pavla Vachova, Marian Brestic, Alaa Baazeem, Ayman EL Sabagh. Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings (Brassica napus L.). Molecules. 2021; 26 (11):3147.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Javeed; Mazhar Ali; Milan Skalicky; Fahim Nawaz; Rafi Qamar; Atique Rehman; Maooz Faheem; Muhammad Mubeen; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Rahman; Pavla Vachova; Marian Brestic; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings (Brassica napus L.)." Molecules 26, no. 11: 3147.
Nitrogen (N) losses are prevalent under South East Asia’s due to high N fertilizer inputs, but low N fertilizer use efficiency. This leaves a large quantity of reactive N at risk of loss to the environment. Biochar has been found to reduce N losses across a variety of soil types, however, there is limited data available for semi-arid climates, particularly at a field-scale. Herein we present an exploration of the biological and chemical enhancement effects observed of a cotton stalk-based biochar on wheat growth and yield under arid field conditions. The biochar was treated with urea-N and biofertilizer (bio-power) in different treatment setups. The six experimental treatments included; (i) a full N dose “recommended for wheat crops in the region” (104 kg N ha−1) as a positive control; (ii) a half N dose (52 kg N ha−1); (iii) a half N dose + biofertilizer (4.94 kg ha−1) as a soil mixture; (iv) a half N dose + biofertilizer as a seed inoculation; (v) a full N dose as broadcast + biochar (5 t ha−1) inoculated with biofertilizer; and (vi) a full N dose loaded on biochar + biofertilizer applied as a soil mixture. The half dose N application or biofertilizer addition as soil mix/seed inoculated/biochar inoculation with biofertilizer caused reduced wheat growth and yield compared to the control (conventional N fertilization). However, co-application of chemically enhanced biochar (loaded with a full N dose) and biofertilizer as soil mixture significantly increased the crop growth rate (CGR) and leaf area index (LAI). A significantly higher crop growth and canopy development led to a higher light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE) for total dry matter (TDM) and grain yield (11% greater than control) production compared to the control. A greater grain yield, observed for the full N dose loaded on biochar + biofertilizer applied as a soil mixture, is attributed to prolonged N availability as indicated by greater plant and soil N content at harvest and different crop growth stages, respectively. The present study has improved our understanding of how the application of nitrogen loaded biochar and biofertilizer as soil mixtures can synergize to positively affect wheat growth and soil-nitrogen retention under arid environmental conditions.
Zarmeena Khan; Muhammad Rahman; Ghulam Haider; Rabia Amir; Rao Ikram; Shakeel Ahmad; Hannah Schofield; Bilal Riaz; Rashid Iqbal; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman Sabagh; Subhan Danish. Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5890 .
AMA StyleZarmeena Khan, Muhammad Rahman, Ghulam Haider, Rabia Amir, Rao Ikram, Shakeel Ahmad, Hannah Schofield, Bilal Riaz, Rashid Iqbal, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Alaa Baazeem, Ayman Sabagh, Subhan Danish. Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZarmeena Khan; Muhammad Rahman; Ghulam Haider; Rabia Amir; Rao Ikram; Shakeel Ahmad; Hannah Schofield; Bilal Riaz; Rashid Iqbal; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman Sabagh; Subhan Danish. 2021. "Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5890.
Genome-editing (GE) is having a tremendous influence around the globe in the life science community. Among its versatile uses, the desired modifications of genes, and more importantly the transgene (DNA)-free approach to develop genetically modified organism (GMO), are of special interest. The recent and rapid developments in genome-editing technology have given rise to hopes to achieve global food security in a sustainable manner. We here discuss recent developments in CRISPR-based genome-editing tools for crop improvement concerning adaptation, opportunities, and challenges. Some of the notable advances highlighted here include the development of transgene (DNA)-free genome plants, the availability of compatible nucleases, and the development of safe and effective CRISPR delivery vehicles for plant genome editing, multi-gene targeting and complex genome editing, base editing and prime editing to achieve more complex genetic engineering. Additionally, new avenues that facilitate fine-tuning plant gene regulation have also been addressed. In spite of the tremendous potential of CRISPR and other gene editing tools, major challenges remain. Some of the challenges are related to the practical advances required for the efficient delivery of CRISPR reagents and for precision genome editing, while others come from government policies and public acceptance. This review will therefore be helpful to gain insights into technological advances, its applications, and future challenges for crop improvement.
Muntazir Mushtaq; Aejaz Ahmad Dar; Milan Skalicky; Anshika Tyagi; Nancy Bhagat; Umer Basu; Basharat Bhat; Abbu Zaid; Sajad Ali; Tanvir-Ul-Hassan Dar; Gyanendra Rai; Shabir Wani; Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman; Vaclav Hejnak; Pavla Vachova; Marian Brestic; Arzu Çığ; Fatih Çığ; Murat Erman; Ayman EL Sabagh. CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Tools: Insights into Technological Breakthroughs and Future Challenges. Genes 2021, 12, 797 .
AMA StyleMuntazir Mushtaq, Aejaz Ahmad Dar, Milan Skalicky, Anshika Tyagi, Nancy Bhagat, Umer Basu, Basharat Bhat, Abbu Zaid, Sajad Ali, Tanvir-Ul-Hassan Dar, Gyanendra Rai, Shabir Wani, Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman, Vaclav Hejnak, Pavla Vachova, Marian Brestic, Arzu Çığ, Fatih Çığ, Murat Erman, Ayman EL Sabagh. CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Tools: Insights into Technological Breakthroughs and Future Challenges. Genes. 2021; 12 (6):797.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuntazir Mushtaq; Aejaz Ahmad Dar; Milan Skalicky; Anshika Tyagi; Nancy Bhagat; Umer Basu; Basharat Bhat; Abbu Zaid; Sajad Ali; Tanvir-Ul-Hassan Dar; Gyanendra Rai; Shabir Wani; Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman; Vaclav Hejnak; Pavla Vachova; Marian Brestic; Arzu Çığ; Fatih Çığ; Murat Erman; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Tools: Insights into Technological Breakthroughs and Future Challenges." Genes 12, no. 6: 797.
The changing climate and global warming have rendered existing surface water insufficient, which is projected to adversely influence the irrigated farming systems globally. Consequently, groundwater demand has increased significantly owing to increasing population and demand for plant-based foods especially in South Asia and Pakistan. This study aimed to determine the potential areas for groundwater use for agriculture sector development in the study area Lower Dir District. ArcGIS 10.4 was utilized for geospatial analysis, which is referred to as Multi Influencing Factor (MIF) methodology. Seven parameters including land cover, geology, soil, rainfall, underground faults (liniment) density, drainage density, and slope, were utilized for delineation purpose. Considering relative significance and influence of each parameter in the groundwater recharge rating and weightage was given and potential groundwater areas were classified into very high, high, good, and poor. The result of classification disclosed that the areas of 113.10, 659.38, 674.68, and 124.17 km2 had very high, high, good, and poor potential for groundwater agricultural uses, respectively. Field surveys for water table indicated groundwater potentiality, which was high for Kotkay and Lalqila union councils having shallow water table. However, groundwater potentiality was poor in Zimdara, Khal, and Talash, characterized with a very deep water table. Moreover, the study effectively revealed that remote sensing and GIS could be developed as potent tools for mapping potential sites for groundwater utilization. Furthermore, MIF technique could be a suitable approach for delineation of groundwater potential zone, which can be applied for further research in different areas.
Abid Sarwar; Sajid Ahmad; Muhammad Rehmani; Muhammad Asif Javid; Shazia Gulzar; Muhammad Shehzad; Javeed Shabbir Dar; Alaa Baazeem; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Rahman; Milan Skalicky; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh. Mapping Groundwater Potential for Irrigation, by Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of District Lower Dir, Pakistan. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 669 .
AMA StyleAbid Sarwar, Sajid Ahmad, Muhammad Rehmani, Muhammad Asif Javid, Shazia Gulzar, Muhammad Shehzad, Javeed Shabbir Dar, Alaa Baazeem, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Rahman, Milan Skalicky, Marian Brestic, Ayman EL Sabagh. Mapping Groundwater Potential for Irrigation, by Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of District Lower Dir, Pakistan. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (6):669.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbid Sarwar; Sajid Ahmad; Muhammad Rehmani; Muhammad Asif Javid; Shazia Gulzar; Muhammad Shehzad; Javeed Shabbir Dar; Alaa Baazeem; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Rahman; Milan Skalicky; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Mapping Groundwater Potential for Irrigation, by Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of District Lower Dir, Pakistan." Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 669.
Changing climates and frequent spells of drought have increased the risk of crop failure, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, thus multiplying the vulnerability of food-insecure populations. The exogenous application of potassium (K) can potentially ameliorate the adverse effects of drought in maize by maintaining cell osmotic potential and turgidity, provided its optimum doses are applied. The present experiment comprised two maize cultivars, viz. Islamabad Gold (drought tolerant) and Azam (drought susceptible), grown under well-watered (80% water-holding capacity (WHC)), mild drought (60% WHC) and severe drought (40% WHC) conditions. Different doses of K, viz. 0%, 1% and 2%, were also tested to screen out the most superior concentration. Drought stress markedly reduced root and shoot lengths (25% and 16%, respectively) along with their dry weights (20% and 10%, respectively). Moreover, a substantial reduction in leaf relative water content (RWC) (24%), stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis rates, chlorophyll pigments a, b and total chlorophyll contents (31%) were recorded, compared with well-watered conditions. However, foliar application of K2SO4 at 2% concentration outperformed other doses by improving growth attributes, RWC (10%), total chlorophyll (9%) and proline (12%) under severe drought conditions. Our findings confirmed the effectiveness of foliage-applied K2SO4 in ameliorating drought effects in rainfed maize; however, more doses and sources of K could be tested for developing it as a potent source to cope with water stress.
Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Affan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Atique- Ur- Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Haseeb Rehman; Muqarrab Ali; Farukh Nawaz; Ahmed Galal; Muhammad Iqbal; Mohammad Islam; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Muhammad Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 663 .
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Muhammad Affan, Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Atique- Ur- Rehman, Khuram Mubeen, Haseeb Rehman, Muqarrab Ali, Farukh Nawaz, Ahmed Galal, Muhammad Iqbal, Mohammad Islam, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Muhammad Rahman, Ayman EL Sabagh. Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (6):663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Muhammad Affan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Atique- Ur- Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Haseeb Rehman; Muqarrab Ali; Farukh Nawaz; Ahmed Galal; Muhammad Iqbal; Mohammad Islam; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Muhammad Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize." Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 663.
Weed-competitive rice cultivars, a viable tool for integrated weed management of rice-field weeds, may greatly reduce the weed pressure and excessive dependence on herbicide in controlling weeds. Based on this premise, field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 during the monsoon and winter rice-growing seasons at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh, to evaluate the weed competitiveness of the selected rice varieties. A total of 42 monsoon and 28 winter rice varieties from Bangladesh were evaluated under “weedy” and “weed-free” conditions in the puddled transplanted system of cultivation. The field experiments were designed with three replications in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that weed competition greatly reduces the yield of rice, and relative yield loss was 15–68% and 20–50% in monsoon and winter season rice, respectively. The lowest relative yield losses were recorded in monsoon rice from the variety BU dhan 1 (18%) and from the winter rice BRRI hybrid dhan5 (23.7%), which exhibited high weed tolerance. The weed competitive index (WCI) greatly varied among the varieties in both seasons and the monsoon season, ranging from 0.4 to 2.8, and the highest value was recorded from the hybrid variety Dhani Gold followed by BU dhan 1. In winter season rice, the WCI varied 0.25 to 2.4 and the highest value was recorded from the variety BRRI hybrid dhan3, followed by hybrid variety Heera 6. In monsoon rice, hybrid Dhani Gold was the most productive, but BU dhan 1 was the most weed competitive variety. Among the winter-grown varieties, the hybrid Heera 6 was the most productive, and the most weed competitive. Our research confirmed a high degree of variability in weed competitiveness among the 70 Bangladeshi rice varieties tested.
A. Islam; Mohammad Nasir; Mahmuda Akter Mou; Sabina Yeasmin; Shafiqul Islam; Sharif Ahmed; Parvez Anwar; Adel Hadifa; Alaa Baazeem; Muhammad Iqbal; Abdul Juraimi; Ayman EL Sabagh. Preliminary Reports on Comparative Weed Competitiveness of Bangladeshi Monsoon and Winter Rice Varieties under Puddled Transplanted Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5091 .
AMA StyleA. Islam, Mohammad Nasir, Mahmuda Akter Mou, Sabina Yeasmin, Shafiqul Islam, Sharif Ahmed, Parvez Anwar, Adel Hadifa, Alaa Baazeem, Muhammad Iqbal, Abdul Juraimi, Ayman EL Sabagh. Preliminary Reports on Comparative Weed Competitiveness of Bangladeshi Monsoon and Winter Rice Varieties under Puddled Transplanted Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5091.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Islam; Mohammad Nasir; Mahmuda Akter Mou; Sabina Yeasmin; Shafiqul Islam; Sharif Ahmed; Parvez Anwar; Adel Hadifa; Alaa Baazeem; Muhammad Iqbal; Abdul Juraimi; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Preliminary Reports on Comparative Weed Competitiveness of Bangladeshi Monsoon and Winter Rice Varieties under Puddled Transplanted Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5091.
Soil salinity disrupts the physiological and biochemical processes of crop plants and ultimately leads to compromising future food security. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a contributor to nitric oxide (NO), holds the potential to alleviate abiotic stress effects and boost tolerance in plants, whereas less information is available on its role in salt-stressed lentils. We examined the effect of exogenously applied SNP on salt-stressed lentil plants by monitoring plant growth and yield-related attributes, biochemistry of enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)) amassing of leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Salinity stress was induced by NaCl application at concentrations of 50 mM (moderate salinity) and 100 mM (severe salinity), while it was alleviated by SNP application at concentrations of 50 µM and 100 µM. Salinity stress severely inhibited the length of roots and shoots, the relative water content, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves, the number of branches, pods, seeds, seed yield, and biomass per plant. In addition, MDA, H2O2 as well as SOD, CAT, and POD activities were increased with increasing salinity levels. Plants supplemented with SNP (100 µM) showed a significant improvement in the growth- and yield-contributing parameters, especially in plants grown under moderate salinity (50 mM NaCl). Essentially, the application of 100 µM SNP remained effective to rescue lentil plants under moderate salinity by regulating plant growth and biochemical pathways. Thus, the exogenous application of SNP could be developed as a useful strategy for improving the performance of lentil plants in salinity-prone environments.
Tauqeer Yasir; Ayesha Khan; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Rehmani; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Mudassir Aziz; Mohamed Hassan; Fahmy Hassan; Muhammad Iqbal; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Islam; Subhan Danish; Ayman EL Sabagh. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties. Molecules 2021, 26, 2576 .
AMA StyleTauqeer Yasir, Ayesha Khan, Milan Skalicky, Allah Wasaya, Muhammad Rehmani, Naeem Sarwar, Khuram Mubeen, Mudassir Aziz, Mohamed Hassan, Fahmy Hassan, Muhammad Iqbal, Marian Brestic, Mohammad Islam, Subhan Danish, Ayman EL Sabagh. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties. Molecules. 2021; 26 (9):2576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTauqeer Yasir; Ayesha Khan; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Rehmani; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Mudassir Aziz; Mohamed Hassan; Fahmy Hassan; Muhammad Iqbal; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Islam; Subhan Danish; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties." Molecules 26, no. 9: 2576.
Tea tree oil (TTO) from the genus Melaleuca L. has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties and is used by the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and horticultural industries. In Pakistan, Melaleuca bracteata can be exploited for essential oil purposes, as this species is well adapted to Pakistan’s agroclimatic conditions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield of M. bracteata essential oil together with its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties under local prevailing conditions of the subtropics. Essential oil was extracted through the hydrodistillation method. Using this method, six batches of 8 kg samples (fresh leaves and branches) underwent a distillation process for 4–5 h. The average yield obtained was about 0.2%. The GCMS was used to identify the components of extracted essential oil. Eugenol methyl ether is the major component in extracted essential oil, i.e., 96% of the total. A high content of flavonoids and phenolics and a Fe-reducing power ability of M. bracteata were observed. The oil was also found effective against B. subtilis, B. cereus, White rot, and A. flavus. Hence, it is concluded that there is a possibility to use TTO for its biocidal properties, and it must also be inspected and then commercialized in Pakistan by the agriculture and cosmetic industries.
Mursleen Yasin; Adnan Younis; Fahad Ramzan; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Hamza Noushahi; Milan Skalicky; Peter Ondrisik; Marian Brestic; Sabry Hassan; Ayman EL Sabagh. Extraction of Essential Oil from River Tea Tree (Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell.): Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4827 .
AMA StyleMursleen Yasin, Adnan Younis, Fahad Ramzan, Talha Javed, Rubab Shabbir, Hamza Noushahi, Milan Skalicky, Peter Ondrisik, Marian Brestic, Sabry Hassan, Ayman EL Sabagh. Extraction of Essential Oil from River Tea Tree (Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell.): Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4827.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMursleen Yasin; Adnan Younis; Fahad Ramzan; Talha Javed; Rubab Shabbir; Hamza Noushahi; Milan Skalicky; Peter Ondrisik; Marian Brestic; Sabry Hassan; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Extraction of Essential Oil from River Tea Tree (Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell.): Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4827.
Water scarceness is a major threat to wheat productivity under changing climate scenarios, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, growing drought-tolerant wheat genotypes could be a sustainable option to enhance wheat productivity under drought stress conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mild to severe drought stress on gas exchange parameters, relative water content, SPAD-chlorophyll value, and yield-related parameters of 14 wheat genotypes being cultivated in arid to semi-arid areas on large scale. The genotypes were grown in earthen pots under three drought levels, namely (1) control-well watered, (2) mild water stress, i.e., 60% water holding capacity, and (3) severe water stress, i.e., 40% water holding capacity. The drought was imposed from the jointing stage to physiological maturity. Drought significantly decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, relative water contents, 100-grain weight, and grain yield in all genotypes. However, the reduction percentage was different in different genotypes under drought stress compared with well-watered conditions. The highest relative water content (65.2%) was maintained by the genotype Galaxy-2013, followed by AAS-2011 (64.6%) and Johar-2016 (62.3%) under severe drought conditions. Likewise, Galaxy-2013 showed the highest net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under severe drought conditions. The highest grain yield per plant (6.2 g) and 100-grain weight (3.3 g) was also recorded in Galaxy-2013 under severe drought conditions, while the highest grain yield under well-watered conditions was recorded in Johar-2016, followed by Galaxy-2013. These results suggest that wheat variety Galaxy-2013 could be cultivated extensively to obtain good wheat yield under limited water conditions.
Allah Wasaya; Sobia Manzoor; Tauqeer Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Ismail Ismail; Ali Raza; Abdul Rehman; Akbar Hossain; Ayman EL Sabagh. Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4799 .
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Sobia Manzoor, Tauqeer Yasir, Naeem Sarwar, Khuram Mubeen, Ismail Ismail, Ali Raza, Abdul Rehman, Akbar Hossain, Ayman EL Sabagh. Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4799.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Sobia Manzoor; Tauqeer Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Ismail Ismail; Ali Raza; Abdul Rehman; Akbar Hossain; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4799.
Zinc (Zn) concentration in soil varies from deficient to toxic. Its deficiency, as well as toxicity, through imbalanced application and cropping in industrial sites can reduce maize growth and yield. Therefore, balanced Zn application is necessary to save resources and achieve optimum growth and yield in maize. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can provide tolerance to the host plant against Zn-induced stress. Inoculation with AMF helps in regulating the uptake of Zn and enhances the growth and yield of crops. Different application rates of Zn (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg Zn kg−1) were applied with inoculation with AMF (AM) and without AMF (NM). Results showed that root colonization was 45% higher in AMF-inoculated plants than non-inoculated plants. A significant increase in plant height (15%), number of leaves (35.4%), cob weight (4.39%), 1000-grain weight (10.5%), and biological yield (42.2%) signified the efficacious functioning of Zn20 + AM over sole inoculation with AM. We also observed that AMF inoculation with Zn20 helped to improve photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance. Furthermore, both Zn20 + AM and Zn20 + AM significantly increased total soluble protein compared with AM. Higher application rates of zinc, i.e., Zn80 and Zn120, induced Zn toxicity with (AM) and without (NM) AMF. In conclusion, Zn20 + AM is an effective treatment to achieve better growth and maize yield without Zn deficiency or toxicity.
Abdul Saboor; Muhammad Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Milan Skalicky; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Fahmy Hassan; Mohamed Hassan; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta. Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil. Agriculture 2021, 11, 310 .
AMA StyleAbdul Saboor, Muhammad Ali, Niaz Ahmed, Milan Skalicky, Subhan Danish, Shah Fahad, Fahmy Hassan, Mohamed Hassan, Marian Brestic, Ayman EL Sabagh, Rahul Datta. Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):310.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Saboor; Muhammad Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Milan Skalicky; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Fahmy Hassan; Mohamed Hassan; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 310.
Magnetic seed enhancement has been practicing as a promising tool to improve germination and seedling growth of low vigor seeds stored under suboptimal conditions, but there is still ambiguity regarding the prospects for magnetism in oilseeds. Present study elucidates the potential of magnetic seed stimulation to improve sunflower germination, growth and yield. Germination and emergence tests were performed to optimize the strength of the magnetic field to sunflower seed enhancement. The seeds were directly exposed to magnetic field strengths of 50, 100 and 150 millitesla (mT) for 5, 10 and 15 min (min) and then standard germination tests were performed. Secondly, the emergence potential of untreated seeds was compared with seed exposed to hydropriming, priming with 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE), priming with magnetically treated water (MTW) for 10 min and priming with 3% MLE solution prepared in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE). Germination, emergence, seedling growth and seed biochemical properties were used to select the best treatment for field evaluation. The results of the study revealed that magnetic seed treatment with 100 mT for 10 min and seed priming with 3% MLE solution in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE) significantly improved emergence, crop growth rate and sunflower yield.
Irfan Afzal; Saman Saleem; Milan Skalicky; Talha Javed; Muhammad Bakhtavar; Zia Ul Haq; Muhammad Kamran; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Sohail Saddiq; Aneela Afzal; Noshin Shafqat; Eldessoky Dessoky; Aayushi Gupta; Joanna Korczyk-Szabo; Marian Brestic; Ayman E. L. Sabagh. Magnetic Field Treatments Improves Sunflower Yield by Inducing Physiological and Biochemical Modulations in Seeds. Molecules 2021, 26, 2022 .
AMA StyleIrfan Afzal, Saman Saleem, Milan Skalicky, Talha Javed, Muhammad Bakhtavar, Zia Ul Haq, Muhammad Kamran, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Sohail Saddiq, Aneela Afzal, Noshin Shafqat, Eldessoky Dessoky, Aayushi Gupta, Joanna Korczyk-Szabo, Marian Brestic, Ayman E. L. Sabagh. Magnetic Field Treatments Improves Sunflower Yield by Inducing Physiological and Biochemical Modulations in Seeds. Molecules. 2021; 26 (7):2022.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrfan Afzal; Saman Saleem; Milan Skalicky; Talha Javed; Muhammad Bakhtavar; Zia Ul Haq; Muhammad Kamran; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Sohail Saddiq; Aneela Afzal; Noshin Shafqat; Eldessoky Dessoky; Aayushi Gupta; Joanna Korczyk-Szabo; Marian Brestic; Ayman E. L. Sabagh. 2021. "Magnetic Field Treatments Improves Sunflower Yield by Inducing Physiological and Biochemical Modulations in Seeds." Molecules 26, no. 7: 2022.