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Erol Kurt
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Technology Faculty Gazi University Ankara Turkey

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Research article
Published: 11 August 2021 in International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
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In this article, both design and implementation of a novel Omni-directional bioinspired Linden leaf-shaped rectenna are reported. The antenna is designed for the energy harvesting purposes under the operation frequency range between 1.6 and 2.65 GHz with a second harmonic rejection property. At the rectifier stage, voltage doubler circuit is designed and implemented with the help of microstrip transmission lines, which are used for impedance matching procedure between the antenna and the rectifier for the optimum power transfer from the antenna to the load for the operation dual bands of universal mobile telecommunication service and WIFI. In the design, SMS7630Schottky diodes, high frequency capacitors and inductors are used as the main surface mount devices. The FR4 epoxy material is selected as a substrate material for both the antenna and the rectifier circuit due to its low cost and easy—production scheme. The maximum efficiency value realized at the dual band operation is 42% at the 0 dBm input power level. The output voltage value and the harvested power at this point are nearly 960 mV and 0.42 mW with an optimum load RL = 2.2 KOhm. The implemented system can be used efficiently for the RF energy harvesting applications for the proposed frequency bands.

ACS Style

Kayhan Çelik; Erol Kurt. Design and implementation of a dual band bioinspired leaf rectenna for RF energy harvesting applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 2021, e22868 .

AMA Style

Kayhan Çelik, Erol Kurt. Design and implementation of a dual band bioinspired leaf rectenna for RF energy harvesting applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. 2021; ():e22868.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kayhan Çelik; Erol Kurt. 2021. "Design and implementation of a dual band bioinspired leaf rectenna for RF energy harvesting applications." International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering , no. : e22868.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2021 in Sustainability
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In this work, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system for its application to a new piezoelectric wind energy harvester (PWEH) has been designed and implemented. The motivation for such MPPT unit comes from the power scales of the piezoelectric layers being in the order of μW. In addition, the output generates highly disturbed voltage waveforms with high total harmonic distortion (THD), thereby high THD values cause a certain power loss at the output of the PWEH system and an intense motivation is given to design and implement the system. The proposed MPPT system is widely used for many different harvesting studies, however, in this paper it has been used at the first time for such a distorted waveform to our best knowledge. The MPPT consists of a rectifier unit storing the rectified energy into a capacitor with a certain voltage called VOC (i.e., the open circuit voltage of the harvester), then a dc-dc converter is used with the help of the MPPT unit using the half of VOC as the critical value for the performance of the control. It has been demonstrated that the power loss is nearly half of the power for the MPPT-free system, the efficiency has been increased with a rate of 98% and power consumption is measured as low as 5.29 μW.

ACS Style

Erol Kurt; Davut Özhan; Nicu Bizon; Jose Lopez-Guede. Design and Implementation of a Maximum Power Point Tracking System for a Piezoelectric Wind Energy Harvester Generating High Harmonicity. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7709 .

AMA Style

Erol Kurt, Davut Özhan, Nicu Bizon, Jose Lopez-Guede. Design and Implementation of a Maximum Power Point Tracking System for a Piezoelectric Wind Energy Harvester Generating High Harmonicity. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erol Kurt; Davut Özhan; Nicu Bizon; Jose Lopez-Guede. 2021. "Design and Implementation of a Maximum Power Point Tracking System for a Piezoelectric Wind Energy Harvester Generating High Harmonicity." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7709.

Original paper
Published: 17 May 2021 in Technology and Economics of Smart Grids and Sustainable Energy
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In this study, a low frequency wireless power transfer (LFWPT) device has been designed and implemented. The aim of investigation of low frequency system is to eliminate the un-healthy situation due to non-ionized radiation of the high frequency regimes. The transmitter uses a special winding to transmit the electromagnetic signals to the environment, especially for a few centimeters distance. The receiver winding, which is the same with the transmitter winding catches the signal and stores it in capacitor. The system uses maximum 17,649 Hz to transmit the signal, that is fairly low compared to the other studies in the literature. A DC-AC inverter is used to obtain high frequency signals for the transmitter circuit. The experiments have proven that the receiving antenna can get 1 V amplitude from the transmitted peak-to-peak amplitude of 140 V at the operation frequency.

ACS Style

Erol Kurt; Fatemeh Zafarmand; Hikmet Fidanboy; Şevki Demirbaş. An Application of a Wireless Power Transfer at Low Frequency Range. Technology and Economics of Smart Grids and Sustainable Energy 2021, 6, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Erol Kurt, Fatemeh Zafarmand, Hikmet Fidanboy, Şevki Demirbaş. An Application of a Wireless Power Transfer at Low Frequency Range. Technology and Economics of Smart Grids and Sustainable Energy. 2021; 6 (1):1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erol Kurt; Fatemeh Zafarmand; Hikmet Fidanboy; Şevki Demirbaş. 2021. "An Application of a Wireless Power Transfer at Low Frequency Range." Technology and Economics of Smart Grids and Sustainable Energy 6, no. 1: 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in JOM
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This work presents the results of experimental analysis of the correlation between open-circuit voltage at 0% and the state of charge of a set (3 × 6) of high-temperature valve-regulated lead acid batteries, which provides a valuable health diagnosis tool when performing predictive maintenance actions. The proposed test could be executed after any emergency event in the battery system. It offers an alternative to the integration ampere hours, simplifying the diagnostic system, and can be used in many applications where the diagnosis can be made by monitoring the discharge voltage to a defined controlled value. By testing three different sealed, high-temperature lead acid battery models, it has been proved that open-circuit-voltage measurement at 0% state of charge is valid to evaluate health status and is applicable to different manufactures. In addition, the first derivative value calculation of the relaxation voltage over time provides accurate correlation with the state of health of the battery. The method proposed minimizes diagnosis times providing an easier way to implement the method in real systems.

ACS Style

Javier Olarte; Jaione Martínez de Ilarduya; Ekaitz Zulueta; Raquel Ferret; Erol Kurt; Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede. High Temperature VLRA Lead Acid Battery SOH Characterization Based on the Evolution of Open Circuit Voltage at Different States of Charge. JOM 2021, 73, 1251 -1260.

AMA Style

Javier Olarte, Jaione Martínez de Ilarduya, Ekaitz Zulueta, Raquel Ferret, Erol Kurt, Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede. High Temperature VLRA Lead Acid Battery SOH Characterization Based on the Evolution of Open Circuit Voltage at Different States of Charge. JOM. 2021; 73 (5):1251-1260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Olarte; Jaione Martínez de Ilarduya; Ekaitz Zulueta; Raquel Ferret; Erol Kurt; Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede. 2021. "High Temperature VLRA Lead Acid Battery SOH Characterization Based on the Evolution of Open Circuit Voltage at Different States of Charge." JOM 73, no. 5: 1251-1260.

Journal article
Published: 24 March 2021 in JOM
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In this study, a zeolite-gas discharge system (ZGDS) with a microporous dielectric cathode was examined according to the physical properties of cold non-equilibrium plasma and discharge mode. The discharge emission intensity (DEI) in the UV, visible and near IR ranges (330–850 nm) generated by a planar Ar-driven ZGDS and the possibility of enhancing DEI in a wide range of gas pressure pg up to one atmosphere (10–760 Torr) for given properties of a microporous zeolite cathode (MZC) has been studied. Interesting results on the discharge emission amplification for different gas-discharge gap dg (45–250 μm) in ambient air and Ar-driven ZGDS are presented for the first time to our knowledge. Electrons entering the discharge gap with microporous and multichannel structure of the MZC are multiplied in the electric field by the avalanche mechanism, so that the current and DEI increase in the discharge gap of the ZGDS. We studied the relative DEI to evaluate the enhanced performance of the ZGDS as a source of stable discharge emission in a wide range of pg up to one atmosphere.

ACS Style

B. G. Salamov; H. Hilal Kurt. Comparative Study of Discharge Emission Amplification in an Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System with Microporous Zeolite Cathode. JOM 2021, 73, 1271 -1278.

AMA Style

B. G. Salamov, H. Hilal Kurt. Comparative Study of Discharge Emission Amplification in an Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System with Microporous Zeolite Cathode. JOM. 2021; 73 (5):1271-1278.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. G. Salamov; H. Hilal Kurt. 2021. "Comparative Study of Discharge Emission Amplification in an Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System with Microporous Zeolite Cathode." JOM 73, no. 5: 1271-1278.

Chapter
Published: 23 March 2021 in Numerical Methods for Energy Applications
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In this chapter, analytical and numerical techniques for the design and optimization of piezoelectric harvester (PH) systems are handled. In the frame of chapter, initially the approaches on how to start with an initial design will be explained. Then, the techniques to improve the starting design will be described. In the working tasks, especially the applications of finite element analysis (FEA), and time-integration schemes are focused together with the required analytical methods. There exist many tools to implement the time integration, however from the point of engineering, MatLab tool is the most preferable. In the case of FEA, mainly the Maxwell 3D package programme is explained in the present chapter. A route to get the optimized harvester devices is discussed gradually. In the time integration method, the description of dimensionless equations of motion, electricity and magnetic equations are given for the future possible applications. As the most studied sample in the literature—the cantilever structure of piezoelectric materials are considered under single well and double well potential magnetic regions. The time dependent solutions of the systems are given and possible future applications are underlined on the applications. Main interest areas of PH are medicine, automotive industry, space mission and military devices. Following the mechanical design, the ferromagnetic and non-magnetic parts should be clearly identified for the electromagnetic design if the device uses a magnetic component. Each design has its own magnetic flux path, magnetic field density values and magnetic. In order to provide a concrete device, following the analytical description, 2D or/and 3D designs should be drawn under a package programme working with FEA. Magnetostatic and magnetodynamic solutions are required in order to get the voltage and current output from the system. Besides, a time-dependent solution via a MatLab code can be applied. In this chapter, there will be different harvester systems and their analyses to give comprehensive ideas to the readers for the sake of creating original harvesters. Before the practical applications on the harvesters, theoretical works on the considered harvesters give a chance to the engineers to use the budget and time efficiently.

ACS Style

Erol Kurt; Hatice Hilal Kurt. Theoretical Techniques for the Exploration of Piezoelectric Harvesters. Numerical Methods for Energy Applications 2021, 467 -488.

AMA Style

Erol Kurt, Hatice Hilal Kurt. Theoretical Techniques for the Exploration of Piezoelectric Harvesters. Numerical Methods for Energy Applications. 2021; ():467-488.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erol Kurt; Hatice Hilal Kurt. 2021. "Theoretical Techniques for the Exploration of Piezoelectric Harvesters." Numerical Methods for Energy Applications , no. : 467-488.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2020 in 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE)
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A comprehensive GUI tool has been designed and implemented for the cryptographic applications. The tool enables to encrypt and decrypt the colorful images by applying several algorithms. It also contains innovative algorithms using several encryption techniques. Any image can initially be ciphered by the help of chaotic systems, digitally and that process can improve the security of the encryption process. The tool also contains many security tests including noise attack, differential attack, key sensitivity, etc. The tool is easy to maintain and fast enough to make serial encryption procedure. It can give graphical and numerical data to apply for academic researches, too.

ACS Style

Batuhan Arpaci; Erol Kurt. An Innovative Tool for the Chaotic Image Encryption, Decryption and Security Tests. 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE) 2020, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Batuhan Arpaci, Erol Kurt. An Innovative Tool for the Chaotic Image Encryption, Decryption and Security Tests. 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE). 2020; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Batuhan Arpaci; Erol Kurt. 2020. "An Innovative Tool for the Chaotic Image Encryption, Decryption and Security Tests." 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE) , no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2019 in JOM
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The electrical characteristics of InP have been investigated experimentally and its electron density and electrical potential evaluated theoretically using the finite element method in a two-dimensional (2D) medium. Higher ionization rates were achieved at 39.99 kPa and 450 V, and the maximum electron density in the cell was found to lie around ~ 8.64 × 1023 m−3. The main motivation for the use of InP electrodes is the promising optoelectronic characteristics of this material. The plasma currents and gas discharge emissions were recorded simultaneously for an InP electrode under air or He medium. The breakdown voltage was investigated under various operating conditions including He and air plasma. Use of air resulted in a better minimum breakdown point compared with He; that is, the minimum voltage was reached at lower pressure, viz. p = 3.73 kPa for air versus p = 25.99 kPa for He. The system was found to depend on the pressure of the cell, with a transition occurring from the Townsend to glow mode. Self-sustained discharge contributed to the current–voltage characteristics and light emission over a wide pressure range between 1.99 kPa and 101.325 kPa for various interelectrode gaps. It has been shown that the intensity of the plasma is higher in air than He, being 10 a.u. for air versus about 5 a.u. for He under the same conditions.

ACS Style

H. Hilal Kurt; B. G. Salamov. Breakdown Phenomenon and Electrical Process in a Microplasma System with InP Electrode. JOM 2019, 72, 651 -657.

AMA Style

H. Hilal Kurt, B. G. Salamov. Breakdown Phenomenon and Electrical Process in a Microplasma System with InP Electrode. JOM. 2019; 72 (2):651-657.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Hilal Kurt; B. G. Salamov. 2019. "Breakdown Phenomenon and Electrical Process in a Microplasma System with InP Electrode." JOM 72, no. 2: 651-657.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2019 in JOM
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A progress update on the development of microporous dielectric materials for gas discharge systems, microelectronics, and energy storage devices is described herein. Experimental results on the dependence of the discharge emission intensity (DEI) on the current in ambient air and argon media for various values of the gas discharge gap dg (45–250 μm) and residual pressure pg (5.33–101 kPa) in a gas discharge system with a dielectric zeolite electrode (ZGDS) are presented for the first time. The unique electronic properties of the microporous surface of the zeolite used in the ZGDS could significantly enhance the emission of electrons from its surface, thereby reducing the ignition voltage Uign. The ignition voltage Uign and the DEI of the ZGDS are found to depend significantly on the electrooptical parameters of the microporous zeolite as well as dg, pg, and the gaseous medium. We therefore believe that a ZGDS with a dielectric microporous zeolite electrode is very promising as a source of cold nonequilibrium plasma at atmospheric pressure (AP) and could be used to create plasma-chemical sources that activate the gaseous medium and surfaces of various materials at AP.

ACS Style

B. G. Salamov; H. Hilal Kurt. Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System Based on Dielectric Zeolite Material. JOM 2019, 72, 644 -650.

AMA Style

B. G. Salamov, H. Hilal Kurt. Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System Based on Dielectric Zeolite Material. JOM. 2019; 72 (2):644-650.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. G. Salamov; H. Hilal Kurt. 2019. "Ar-Driven Gas Discharge System Based on Dielectric Zeolite Material." JOM 72, no. 2: 644-650.

Research article
Published: 04 November 2019 in SN Applied Sciences
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In this study, flow phenomena through the axial fan and the rotor dynamic performance analysis of a permanent magnet generator with three phases has been explored for a wide velocity range by using an Ansys-Fluent computational fluid dynamics package. In this respect, velocities of dependence angle for a flat blade have been analyzed, numerically. The self-sustained air cooling performance has been optimized in order to provide more efficient machine, namely the number of blades and blade angles have been considered as different input parameters in the simulations. As a result of simulations, the optimum flat angle of the blade is determined after having the highest velocity value from the outlet of the simulation. Besides, the rotor fan power is obtained from the pressure differences between the inlet and outlet. According to the results, the highest velocity has been predicted as 1.86 m/s and power has been calculated as 0.48 W at 65 degrees of blade. In addition, the optimum number of blade has been ascertained as 40 and the velocity for this blade geometry has been found as 1.39 m/s. Consequently, the optimum rotor blade angle and number have been determined as 65 degrees and 40, respectively.

ACS Style

Mustafa Ilbaş; Mustafa Demirci; Erol Kurt. Modeling and experimental validation of flow phenomena for optimum rotor blades of a new type permanent magnet generator. SN Applied Sciences 2019, 1, 1544 .

AMA Style

Mustafa Ilbaş, Mustafa Demirci, Erol Kurt. Modeling and experimental validation of flow phenomena for optimum rotor blades of a new type permanent magnet generator. SN Applied Sciences. 2019; 1 (12):1544.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mustafa Ilbaş; Mustafa Demirci; Erol Kurt. 2019. "Modeling and experimental validation of flow phenomena for optimum rotor blades of a new type permanent magnet generator." SN Applied Sciences 1, no. 12: 1544.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal
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A genuine encryption/decryption algorithm has been developed by using a new chaotic circuit, namely modified Chua’s circuit (MCC). The importance of MCC is that it exhibits hyper-chaotic behaviour for a large parameter regime due to the double frequency dependent nature. The numbers extracted from the solutions of the MCC are transmitted to the newly developed algorithm for the encryption and the decryption aims. The scrambling feature, which is implemented at the bit level using the MCC has been applied in the algorithm. Following the encryption procedure, the encrypted colored image has been tested by a variety of tests including the secret key size, secret key sensitivity analysis, histogram analysis, correlation analysis, differential analysis, information entropy analysis, noise attack analysis and occlusion analysis. The results are good and provide an efficient technique for the color image encryption and decryption in the theme of secure communication. Besides, it is not time consuming.

ACS Style

Batuhan Arpacı; Erol Kurt; Kayhan Çelik. A new algorithm for the colored image encryption via the modified Chua’s circuit. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 2019, 23, 595 -604.

AMA Style

Batuhan Arpacı, Erol Kurt, Kayhan Çelik. A new algorithm for the colored image encryption via the modified Chua’s circuit. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2019; 23 (3):595-604.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Batuhan Arpacı; Erol Kurt; Kayhan Çelik. 2019. "A new algorithm for the colored image encryption via the modified Chua’s circuit." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 23, no. 3: 595-604.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2019 in Energies
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In this paper, the results of the sensitivity analysis applied to a fuel cell hybrid power system using a fuel economy strategy is analyzed in order to select the best values of the parameters involved in fuel consumption optimization. The fuel economy strategy uses the fuel and air flow rates to efficiently operate the proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) system based on the load-following control and the global extremum seeking (GES) algorithm. The load-following control will ensure the charge-sustained mode for the batteries’ stack, improving its lifetime. The optimization function’s optimum, which is defined to improve the fuel economy, will be tracked in real-time by two GES algorithms that will generate the references for the controller of the boost DC-DC converter and air regulator. The optimization function and performance indicators (such as FC net power, FC electrical efficiency, fuel efficiency, and fuel economy) have a multimodal behavior in dithers’ frequency. Furthermore, the optimum in the considered range of frequencies depends on the load level. So, the best value could be selected as the frequency where the optimum is obtained for the most load levels. Considering a dither frequency of 100 Hz selected as the best value, the sensitivity analysis of the fuel economy is further analyzed for different values of the weighting parameter keff, highlighting the multimodal feature in the parameters for the optimization function and fuel economy as well. A keff value around of 20 lpm/W seems to give the best fuel economy in the full range of load.

ACS Style

Nicu Bizon; Alin Gheorghita Mazare; Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu; Phatiphat Thounthong; Erol Kurt; Mihai Oproescu; Gheorghe Serban; Ioan Lita. Better Fuel Economy by Optimizing Airflow of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Using Fuel Flow-Based Load-Following Control. Energies 2019, 12, 2792 .

AMA Style

Nicu Bizon, Alin Gheorghita Mazare, Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu, Phatiphat Thounthong, Erol Kurt, Mihai Oproescu, Gheorghe Serban, Ioan Lita. Better Fuel Economy by Optimizing Airflow of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Using Fuel Flow-Based Load-Following Control. Energies. 2019; 12 (14):2792.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicu Bizon; Alin Gheorghita Mazare; Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu; Phatiphat Thounthong; Erol Kurt; Mihai Oproescu; Gheorghe Serban; Ioan Lita. 2019. "Better Fuel Economy by Optimizing Airflow of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Using Fuel Flow-Based Load-Following Control." Energies 12, no. 14: 2792.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2019 in Journal of Energy Systems
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In the present study, a new micro-power scaled electromagnetic (EM) harvester is designed and fabricated. The device has an innovative magnetic flux varying mechanism with two cylindrical Nb magnets and a central core moving inside the magnets back and forth. The system harvest electricity from the linear oscillations by the help of a spring attached at the bottom part of the core. The device requires only one spring and a second linear-laminated core closes the flux outside of the magnets in order to lower the reluctance of the system. The device is 6 cm in length and 2.4 cm in width in cylindrical geometry as a compact and stable geometry. The experimental verifications have proven that it can generate up to U = 7.76 mV output voltage depending on the oscillation frequency. The maximal output power has been measured as P= 32 m W for 44 Hz frequency with the resistive load RL = 0.2 Ohm. The power density p = 1.17 m W/cm 3 has been obtained, experimentally.

ACS Style

Erol Kurt; Busra Mutlu; Nicu Bizon; Jose Manuel Lopez Guede. Design and fabrication of a new micro-power scaled electromagnetic harvester. Journal of Energy Systems 2019, 3, 51 -66.

AMA Style

Erol Kurt, Busra Mutlu, Nicu Bizon, Jose Manuel Lopez Guede. Design and fabrication of a new micro-power scaled electromagnetic harvester. Journal of Energy Systems. 2019; 3 (2):51-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erol Kurt; Busra Mutlu; Nicu Bizon; Jose Manuel Lopez Guede. 2019. "Design and fabrication of a new micro-power scaled electromagnetic harvester." Journal of Energy Systems 3, no. 2: 51-66.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2019 in Journal of Electronic Materials
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In this work, the temperature dependent electret state (ES) effect on the resistivity of microporous clinoptilolite was studied. The current–voltage characteristics with an unusual hysteresis in the clinoptilolite wafers were measured for different temperatures in the range of 30–260°C. After the application of a constant electric field of 2 kV cm−1 in air medium for 24 h, the effect of the electric field on the electrical properties of clinoptilolite wafers was investigated. A significant change in the stability of the ES was observed for clinoptilolite plates. The transport properties were restored, which confirmed the presence of the initial electret state in clinoptilolite plates at atmospheric pressure. Differences in transport properties remain for several days. It is considered that the electric field E produces a polarization inside the sample, where the carriers move through the dielectric and they are captured at the traps by resulting in a certain distribution of space charge in atmospheric pressure.

ACS Style

B. Soltabayev; H. Hilal Kurt; S. Acar; B. G. Salamov. Influence of Temperature on the Peculiarities of Electret State in Microporous Zeolite. Journal of Electronic Materials 2019, 48, 6910 -6918.

AMA Style

B. Soltabayev, H. Hilal Kurt, S. Acar, B. G. Salamov. Influence of Temperature on the Peculiarities of Electret State in Microporous Zeolite. Journal of Electronic Materials. 2019; 48 (11):6910-6918.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. Soltabayev; H. Hilal Kurt; S. Acar; B. G. Salamov. 2019. "Influence of Temperature on the Peculiarities of Electret State in Microporous Zeolite." Journal of Electronic Materials 48, no. 11: 6910-6918.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2019 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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In the present paper, a hybrid machine, which converts the heat energy to directly electricity has been implemented. The new machine uses a beta-type Stirling engine and a generator coupled to the rotating flywheel unit of the engine. The system has been operated under various charge pressures of Helium and air using a liquefied petroleum gas heater. It has been measured that the direct coupled system can produce electricity efficiently. The generated voltage amplitude increases linearly by the speed of engine. The waveform type is also ideal sinusoidal although the machine rotates at low speeds, that makes the machine valuable in terms of electricity conversion. The pressure of the gas affects the operation of the engine, substantially in the sense that higher pressure rates yield to higher speeds and that enables to generate high powers if an optimal electrical load is used at the output of the three phase electrical generator. It is proven that the electrical power of 270 W is generated at 744 rpm under the pressure of 0.85 bar for Helium filled engine.

ACS Style

Salem Alarabi Shufat; Erol Kurt; Can Cinar; Fatih Aksoy; Aybaba Hançerlioğulları; Hamit Solmaz. Exploration of a Stirling engine and generator combination for air and helium media. Applied Thermal Engineering 2019, 150, 738 -749.

AMA Style

Salem Alarabi Shufat, Erol Kurt, Can Cinar, Fatih Aksoy, Aybaba Hançerlioğulları, Hamit Solmaz. Exploration of a Stirling engine and generator combination for air and helium media. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2019; 150 ():738-749.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salem Alarabi Shufat; Erol Kurt; Can Cinar; Fatih Aksoy; Aybaba Hançerlioğulları; Hamit Solmaz. 2019. "Exploration of a Stirling engine and generator combination for air and helium media." Applied Thermal Engineering 150, no. : 738-749.

Energy materials
Published: 17 December 2018 in JOM
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CdS has a wide range of applications for explorations of its optical and electrical behaviors. A microplasma cell with a CdS electrode has been constructed. The measurements on discharge currents under various gas pressures, interelectrode distances and excitation voltages have been studied theoretically and experimentally. The 2D electron densities under different parameter ranges along the gas discharge volume have been examined. The structural and optical features have been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for complementary information. Experimentally, as an additional optical test, CVC measurements have also been performed under IR stimulation to verify the infrared sensitivity of the sample. The CdS cathode sample has been damaged by the high energetic current value around 10−1 A following the plasma transition from the glow to the arc.

ACS Style

H. Hilal Kurt; E. Tanrıverdi; B. G. Salamov. Optical and Electrical Properties of CdS Material in a Microplasma Cell Under IR Stimulation. JOM 2018, 71, 644 -650.

AMA Style

H. Hilal Kurt, E. Tanrıverdi, B. G. Salamov. Optical and Electrical Properties of CdS Material in a Microplasma Cell Under IR Stimulation. JOM. 2018; 71 (2):644-650.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Hilal Kurt; E. Tanrıverdi; B. G. Salamov. 2018. "Optical and Electrical Properties of CdS Material in a Microplasma Cell Under IR Stimulation." JOM 71, no. 2: 644-650.

Research article
Published: 04 December 2018 in International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
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In this article, design of a novel meander integrated E‐shaped rectenna is presented. The designed rectenna operates at ISM frequency range from 2.2 to 2.5 GHz with acceptable reflection coefficients, gain and VSWR values. The designed rectenna is simulated using HFSS 15 (High Frequency Electromagnetic Field Simulation) and FR4 epoxy material is used in rectenna design for low cost having dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. In the rectifying stage full wave voltage doubler circuit is designed for DC power generation with SMS7630 Schottky diode and lumped circuit elements. The impedance matching circuit between the antenna and the rectifier is designed and simulated using advanced design system (ADS) software for efficient power transmission from the antenna to the load. The simulation and measurement results with different load and input power levels prove that the designed and implemented system can be used for low power energy harvesting applications in order to feed electronic components and battery free sensor networks.

ACS Style

Kayhan Çelik; Erol Kurt. A novel meander line integrated E-shaped rectenna for energy harvesting applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 2018, 29, e21627 .

AMA Style

Kayhan Çelik, Erol Kurt. A novel meander line integrated E-shaped rectenna for energy harvesting applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. 2018; 29 (1):e21627.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kayhan Çelik; Erol Kurt. 2018. "A novel meander line integrated E-shaped rectenna for energy harvesting applications." International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 29, no. 1: e21627.

Original research paper
Published: 26 November 2018 in Fuel Cells
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The Fuel_LF‐RTO strategy is real‐time optimization (RTO) strategy proposed here to find the optimal values of fueling for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell hybrid power sources under unknown load profile, which is the case of fuel cell vehicle. The proposed optimization strategy is based on global extremum seeking (GES) algorithm and load‐following (LF) control for air and fuel flows. The results show the performance obtained with Fuel_LF‐RTO strategy in comparison with the Static Feed‐Forward strategy. The performance was estimated for constant and variable load. The FC system efficiency and the fuel consumption efficiency for maximum load of 8 kW can increase with up to 1.88% and 11.26 W lpm−1 in comparison with the sFF RTO strategy. Also, the fuel economy is 27.36 L during the 8 kW/12 s constant load cycle, which means an economy of 136.8 lpm. This performance is highlighted for constant load in range 2 to 8 kW, which represents 0.33% and 1.25% from nominal power of the 6 kW FC stack used in this study. Also, the performance was estimate for variable load considering the fuel economy, which can be up to 21.86 l during the 6.25 kW/12 s pulsed load cycle.

ACS Style

N. Bizon; G. Iana; E. Kurt; P. Thounthong; M. Oproescu; M. Culcer; M. Iliescu. Air Flow Real-time Optimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Sources with Fuel Flow Based on Load-following. Fuel Cells 2018, 18, 809 -823.

AMA Style

N. Bizon, G. Iana, E. Kurt, P. Thounthong, M. Oproescu, M. Culcer, M. Iliescu. Air Flow Real-time Optimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Sources with Fuel Flow Based on Load-following. Fuel Cells. 2018; 18 (6):809-823.

Chicago/Turabian Style

N. Bizon; G. Iana; E. Kurt; P. Thounthong; M. Oproescu; M. Culcer; M. Iliescu. 2018. "Air Flow Real-time Optimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Sources with Fuel Flow Based on Load-following." Fuel Cells 18, no. 6: 809-823.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2018 in Energy Conversion and Management
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A new Energy Management Strategy to reduce the hydrogen consumption is proposed for Hybrid Power Systems based on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell system used as backup source. The Energy Management Strategy uses a Load Following control loop of requested load demand on DC bus and an optimization control loop to improve the fuel economy based on the Global Extremum Seeking algorithm applied to the air flow rate. The performance of proposed strategy is compared to the one obtained with the Static Feed-Forward strategy considering three case studies for the optimization function used in different scenarios for power flow on DC bus (variable or constant load demand, without or with variable renewable energy power).

ACS Style

Nicu Bizon; Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede; Erol Kurt; Phatiphat Thounthong; Alin Gheorghita Mazare; Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu; Gabriel Iana. Hydrogen economy of the fuel cell hybrid power system optimized by air flow control to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty about available renewable power and load dynamics. Energy Conversion and Management 2018, 179, 152 -165.

AMA Style

Nicu Bizon, Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede, Erol Kurt, Phatiphat Thounthong, Alin Gheorghita Mazare, Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu, Gabriel Iana. Hydrogen economy of the fuel cell hybrid power system optimized by air flow control to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty about available renewable power and load dynamics. Energy Conversion and Management. 2018; 179 ():152-165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicu Bizon; Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede; Erol Kurt; Phatiphat Thounthong; Alin Gheorghita Mazare; Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu; Gabriel Iana. 2018. "Hydrogen economy of the fuel cell hybrid power system optimized by air flow control to mitigate the effect of the uncertainty about available renewable power and load dynamics." Energy Conversion and Management 179, no. : 152-165.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Canadian Journal of Physics
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A new electromagnetic energy harvester has been designed to generate electricity from mechanical vibrations. The new system operates with two springs attached to two ends of a linear-laminated core and a winding circulated on the core directs the electrical energy to the output. Initially an electromagnetic model has been developed for the Halbach-oriented magnets at the ends of core. That orientation has been used to deviate the magnetic field at the tips of the core unit. Some preliminary studies prove that the output peak voltage U = 0.75 V and maximal peak power P = 14 mW can be achieved experimentally, thereby a power density of p = 0.3684 mW/cm3 is obtained with the new system. The efficiency of that new designed linear harvester reaches 36% at its optimum frequency and electrical load conditions.

ACS Style

Erol Kurt; Mustafa Melih Kale; Sinan Akbaba; Nicu Bizon. Analytical and experimental studies on a new linear energy harvester. Canadian Journal of Physics 2018, 96, 727 -733.

AMA Style

Erol Kurt, Mustafa Melih Kale, Sinan Akbaba, Nicu Bizon. Analytical and experimental studies on a new linear energy harvester. Canadian Journal of Physics. 2018; 96 (7):727-733.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erol Kurt; Mustafa Melih Kale; Sinan Akbaba; Nicu Bizon. 2018. "Analytical and experimental studies on a new linear energy harvester." Canadian Journal of Physics 96, no. 7: 727-733.