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Prof. Senthil Kumar Ponnusamy
Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu 603110, India

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0 Adsorption
0 Alternative Fuels
0 Environmental Analysis
0 Toxicity
0 Wastewater Treatment

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Short Biography

Head, Centre of Excellence in Water Research, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering.

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Journal article
Published: 26 August 2021 in Sustainability
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In this work, Azolla filiculoides was used for the bioremediation of a textile effluent and as a potential sorbent for the rejection of Congo red (CR9) dye from a synthetic aqueous solution. The sorbent was characterized, and a pot culture test was carried out to assess the physiological responses in a controlled environment. The response of the plants to the exposure to the emanating pollutants was subordinate. The BOD, COD, and TDS removals were found to be 98.2%, 98.23%, and 90.29%, respectively. Moreover, the dried biomass was studied for the expulsion of CR9, and the process variables were optimized. The maximum CR9 removal was 95% at the optimal conditions of 2 g/L of the sorbent dose at acidic pH. Equilibrium data for adsorption were analyzed using a two-parameter isotherm model. It was observed that the Langmuir isotherm fit with the data (R2 = 0.98) and also had satisfactory lower error values, with its maximum sorption capacity reaching 243 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetics were well fitted (R2 = 0.98). The mass transfer models and the thermodynamic parameters of the system were evaluated. The regeneration studies also showed that the uptake efficacy in the fifth cycle is reduced by 20% when compared with the first cycle. The results show that the biomass was a capable sorbent for the removal of CR9.

ACS Style

Sathish Sundararaman; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Prabu Deivasigamani; Aravind Kumar Jagadeesan; Marshiana Devaerakkam; Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi; Dongjin Choi. Assessing the Plant Phytoremediation Efficacy for Azolla filiculoides in the Treatment of Textile Effluent and Redemption of Congo Red Dye onto Azolla Biomass. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9588 .

AMA Style

Sathish Sundararaman, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar, Prabu Deivasigamani, Aravind Kumar Jagadeesan, Marshiana Devaerakkam, Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi, Dongjin Choi. Assessing the Plant Phytoremediation Efficacy for Azolla filiculoides in the Treatment of Textile Effluent and Redemption of Congo Red Dye onto Azolla Biomass. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9588.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sathish Sundararaman; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Prabu Deivasigamani; Aravind Kumar Jagadeesan; Marshiana Devaerakkam; Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi; Dongjin Choi. 2021. "Assessing the Plant Phytoremediation Efficacy for Azolla filiculoides in the Treatment of Textile Effluent and Redemption of Congo Red Dye onto Azolla Biomass." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9588.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2021 in Analytica Chimica Acta
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This work describes the development of a miniaturized paper-based pH detection platform using natural dye extracted from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea). The easily available paper was used as a substrate and the requisite patterned zone was created with the aid of a punching machine. Experimental parameters were optimised to obtain the best signal readout. The performance of the device at different pH values was quantitatively assessed using digital image analysis with various colour space models. Regression analysis suggested that a* parameter in CIEL*a*b* colour space model, which captures the variations on the red-green scale, exhibited the best fit with experimental data (R2 = 0.9754). This parameter was used for the quantitative estimation of pH variations in a wide range of pH (1-12). A series of real test samples were examined using the paper-based device and results validated with a standard pH meter. The use of paper and natural dye makes the device eco-friendly. The simplicity of fabrication, ease of usage and low reagent and sample volume requirements render the methodology suitable for in situ measurements of pH. The approach demonstrated here would pave the way for the development of clean, sustainable and intensified chemical sensor technologies.

ACS Style

Pamula Sri Sruthi; Sivasamy Balasubramanian; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Ashish Kapoor; Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy; Meenu Mariam Jacob; Sivaraman Prabhakar. Eco-friendly pH detecting paper-based analytical device: Towards process intensification. Analytica Chimica Acta 2021, 1182, 338953 .

AMA Style

Pamula Sri Sruthi, Sivasamy Balasubramanian, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar, Ashish Kapoor, Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy, Meenu Mariam Jacob, Sivaraman Prabhakar. Eco-friendly pH detecting paper-based analytical device: Towards process intensification. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2021; 1182 ():338953.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pamula Sri Sruthi; Sivasamy Balasubramanian; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Ashish Kapoor; Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy; Meenu Mariam Jacob; Sivaraman Prabhakar. 2021. "Eco-friendly pH detecting paper-based analytical device: Towards process intensification." Analytica Chimica Acta 1182, no. : 338953.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2021 in Fuel
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The aim of this investigation is to enhance the hydrogen production rate using developed micro-patterned graphite electrode in water electrolysis method. Alkaline sodium hydroxide was used as an electrolyte for enhancing the hydrogen production through the continuous electrolysis process. The Box-Behnken design based four-factor three-level full factorial design was utilized to develop the regression model for the hydrogen production process. The response surface methodology was used to analyze the combined effects of voltage supplied, electrolyte molarity and electrode distance on hydrogen production rate. The maximum hydrogen production rate of 2.3 ml/min was achieved under the optimum conditions such as supply voltage of 2 V, electrolyte molarity of 0.3 M and an electrode distance of 10 cm. The predicted regression equation for the hydrogen production process showed positive effect with the experimental value. Also, the individual parameter on hydrogen yield has been evaluated using ANOVA analysis. The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98 showed that the model obtained was highly significant to predict the response accurately with below 2% error. The surface of the graphite microstructure considerably influenced the reaction of the electrolysis on hydrogen evolution rate. The micro-patterned electrode was compared with the planar electrode on the hydrogen production rate at optimum conditions and found a 60% increase in yield.

ACS Style

C.N. Kowthaman; P. Senthil Kumar; V. Arul Mozhi Selvan. Micro-patterned graphite electrodes: An analysis and optimization of process parameters on hydrogen evolution in water electrolysis. Fuel 2021, 305, 121542 .

AMA Style

C.N. Kowthaman, P. Senthil Kumar, V. Arul Mozhi Selvan. Micro-patterned graphite electrodes: An analysis and optimization of process parameters on hydrogen evolution in water electrolysis. Fuel. 2021; 305 ():121542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.N. Kowthaman; P. Senthil Kumar; V. Arul Mozhi Selvan. 2021. "Micro-patterned graphite electrodes: An analysis and optimization of process parameters on hydrogen evolution in water electrolysis." Fuel 305, no. : 121542.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2021 in Environmental Research
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Generation of unprocessed effluents, municipal refuse, factory wastes, junking of compostable and non-compostable effluents has hugely contaminated nature-provided water bodies like rivers, lakes and ponds. Therefore, there is a necessity to look into the water standards before the usage. This is a problem that can greatly benefit from Artificial Intelligence (AI). Traditional methods require human inspection and is time consuming. Automatic Machine Learning (AutoML) facilities supply machine learning with push of a button, or, on a minimum level, ensure to retain algorithm execution, data pipelines, and code, generally, are kept from sight and are anticipated to be the stepping stone for normalising AI. However, it is still a field under research. This work aims to recognize the areas where an AutoML system falls short or outperforms a traditional expert system built by data scientists. Keeping this as the motive, this work dives into the Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for comparing AutoML and an expert architecture built by the authors for Water Quality Assessment to evaluate the Water Quality Index, which gives the general water quality, and the Water Quality Class, a term classified on the basis of the Water Quality Index. The results prove that the accuracy of AutoML and TPOT was 1.4 % higher than conventional ML techniques for binary class water data. For Multi class water data, AutoML was 0.5 % higher and TPOT was 0.6% higher than conventional ML techniques.

ACS Style

D. Venkata Vara Prasad; P. Senthil Kumar; Lokeswari Y. Venkataramana; G. Prasannamedha; S. Harshana; S. Jahnavi Srividya; K. Harrinei; Sravya Indraganti. Automating water quality analysis using ML and auto ML techniques. Environmental Research 2021, 202, 111720 .

AMA Style

D. Venkata Vara Prasad, P. Senthil Kumar, Lokeswari Y. Venkataramana, G. Prasannamedha, S. Harshana, S. Jahnavi Srividya, K. Harrinei, Sravya Indraganti. Automating water quality analysis using ML and auto ML techniques. Environmental Research. 2021; 202 ():111720.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Venkata Vara Prasad; P. Senthil Kumar; Lokeswari Y. Venkataramana; G. Prasannamedha; S. Harshana; S. Jahnavi Srividya; K. Harrinei; Sravya Indraganti. 2021. "Automating water quality analysis using ML and auto ML techniques." Environmental Research 202, no. : 111720.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Chemosphere
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The increase in pollution increased the threat level of living organisms in the environment. Municipal Solid Waste is one of the most important wastes which contribute to polluted sites affecting livelihood. They pollute the water stream, marine environment ecology, soil fertility, and agriculture production. This, in turn, reduces the microflora of the marine environment, agricultural soil, and fertility. This could be analyzed by setting up a Winogradsky column using dumpsite soil samples. The current work was designed to study the municipal solid wastes from different dumpsite soil. Soil characterization revealed that the pH of Kodungaiyur and Otteri was 7.3 and 6.4. The bulk density was 0.067 g/cm3 and 0.069 g/cm3. The Porosity resulted to be 0.511 particle/volume and 0.513 particle/volume for Kodungaiyur and Otteri. The Kodungaiyur soil containing contaminants supplied with natural sources showed a 100% germination index, and Otteri soil containing contaminants supplied with natural sources showed a maximum vigour index. The presence of medicinal strips in the collected soil samples led to the study on Acetaminophen degradation. HB1 showed to be 79 ± 0.005% at optimum pH 5 containing 100 mg/L of Acetaminophen at day four among the isolated bacterial strains. Further, the intermediate formation was determined using FTIR and GC-MS. The isolated HB1 bacterial strain was identified as Staphylococcus hominis, which is heterotroph.

ACS Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan; Jemimah D. Peter; P. Senthil Kumar; Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy. Acetaminophen degradation using bacterial strains isolated from winogradsky column and phytotoxicity analysis of dump site soil. Chemosphere 2021, 286, 131570 .

AMA Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan, Jemimah D. Peter, P. Senthil Kumar, Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy. Acetaminophen degradation using bacterial strains isolated from winogradsky column and phytotoxicity analysis of dump site soil. Chemosphere. 2021; 286 ():131570.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan; Jemimah D. Peter; P. Senthil Kumar; Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy. 2021. "Acetaminophen degradation using bacterial strains isolated from winogradsky column and phytotoxicity analysis of dump site soil." Chemosphere 286, no. : 131570.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Chemosphere
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Flood Frequency Analysis (FFA) is a systematic tool used for an efficient hydraulic structures design, operation and maintenance. An effort is made to study and compare the Linear Log Regression Graphical Method (LLRGM) and Gumbel's Analytical Method (GAM) to assess the future flood magnitude for any given Return Period (RP). Twenty-four years of annual daily peak flood flow value recorded at Vaigai reservoir gauging station between the year 1995 and 2018 was used in the two methods for detailed analysis. The results indicated that the GAM predicts the maximum possible optimum future flood in comparison with the LLRGM. This conclusion was drawn based on the coefficient of determination R2 obtained as 0.8904, which is nearing 1. Based on the analytical method of Gumbel's, the magnitude of frequency factor K has been introduced based on the size of data and coveted RP. The comparative study will provide boon to regulate the storage water to the posterior areas concerning safety and optimum utilization of water for various uses.

ACS Style

M. Ramasamy; S. Nagan; P. Senthil Kumar. A case study of flood frequency analysis by intercomparison of graphical linear log-regression method and Gumbel's analytical method in the Vaigai river basin of Tamil Nadu, India. Chemosphere 2021, 286, 131571 .

AMA Style

M. Ramasamy, S. Nagan, P. Senthil Kumar. A case study of flood frequency analysis by intercomparison of graphical linear log-regression method and Gumbel's analytical method in the Vaigai river basin of Tamil Nadu, India. Chemosphere. 2021; 286 ():131571.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Ramasamy; S. Nagan; P. Senthil Kumar. 2021. "A case study of flood frequency analysis by intercomparison of graphical linear log-regression method and Gumbel's analytical method in the Vaigai river basin of Tamil Nadu, India." Chemosphere 286, no. : 131571.

Journal article
Published: 15 July 2021 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Electrolysis of seawater gets an attention to produce hydrogen for renewable energy technology. It significantly reduces the use of fresh water instead of seawater. Development of low temperature fabrication of electrocatalyst can explore seawater splitting by avoiding chloride reduction during the hydrogen production. In the present work, we fabricated low temperature hydrothermal growth of Cu2S electrocatalyst on Ni foam at constant temperature of 80 °C at different growth times of 1–3 h. The prepared Cu2S electrocatalyst grown for 1 h exhibited low overpotentials of 76 and 118 mV at 10 mA/cm2 (289 and 358 mV overpotentials at 100 mA/cm2) in 1 M KOH deionized water and seawater, respectively for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Tafel plot of Cu2S catalyst grown for 1 h showed lesser Tafel slope value of 128 mVdec−1 than that of other growth times 2 h (136 mVdec−1) and 3 h (142 mV dec−1) indicating elevated electrocatalytic behaviour of Cu2S grown for 1 h. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed charge transfer resistance of 12.8Ω, 19.6 Ω and 25.7Ω, for Cu2S grown for 1, 2 and 3 h, respectively, this lower charge transfer resistance indicated higher charge transfer properties. The Cu2S electrocatalyst grown for 1 h sustained retention of 80% after 12 h continuous stability test. Therefore, the cost-effective and low temperature fabrication of Cu2S electrocatalyst proceeds for development of largescale seawater splitting for hydrogen production.

ACS Style

T. Marimuthu; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; Xueqing Xu; Dhayalan Velauthapillai; Dai Viet N. Vo. Cost effective and facile low temperature hydrothermal fabrication of Cu2S thin films for hydrogen evolution reaction in seawater splitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

T. Marimuthu, R. Yuvakkumar, P. Senthil Kumar, G. Ravi, Xueqing Xu, Dhayalan Velauthapillai, Dai Viet N. Vo. Cost effective and facile low temperature hydrothermal fabrication of Cu2S thin films for hydrogen evolution reaction in seawater splitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. Marimuthu; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; Xueqing Xu; Dhayalan Velauthapillai; Dai Viet N. Vo. 2021. "Cost effective and facile low temperature hydrothermal fabrication of Cu2S thin films for hydrogen evolution reaction in seawater splitting." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 14 July 2021 in Chemosphere
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Treating the effluents from industries by using biological and agricultural wastes is an emerging field of research. In this study, three different biosorbents are prepared from tamarind seeds such as; raw, sulphuric acid-modified and ultrasonic-assisted surface-modified tamarind seed powder has been utilized to expel the Pb (II) ions from synthetic solution. The surface characteristics of the newly synthesized raw and surface modified agro-waste biomass were studied by FTIR and SEM. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of different parameters on adsorption of Pb(II) ions using raw, sulphuric acid-modified and ultrasonic-assisted surface-modified tamarind seeds. The maximum Pb(II) ions adsorption was found at pH - 6.0, temperature - 303 K, biosorbent dosage - 3.5 g/L and contact time - 60 min for raw tamarind seeds and 30 min for sulphuric acid-modified and ultrasonic-assisted surface-modified tamarind seeds. The adsorption mechanism was described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-first order kinetic model. Among the three biosorbents, ultrasonic-assisted surface-modified tamarind seeds show higher adsorption capacity (18.86 mg/g) of Pb(II) ions removal from the synthetic solution. The thermodynamic study declared that the present Pb(II) ions adsorption onto the prepared biosorbents was spontaneous, exothermic and followed physical adsorption process. Results have shown that tamarind seed was found to be the best adsorbent in the expulsion of Pb(II) ions from the wastewater environment.

ACS Style

R. Jayasree; P. Senthil Kumar; A. Saravanan; R.V. Hemavathy; P.R. Yaashikaa; P. Arthi; J. Shreshta; S. Jeevanantham; S. Karishma; Mariadhas Valan Arasu; Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi; Ki Choon Choi. Sequestration of toxic Pb(II) ions using ultrasonic modified agro waste: Adsorption mechanism and modelling study. Chemosphere 2021, 285, 131502 .

AMA Style

R. Jayasree, P. Senthil Kumar, A. Saravanan, R.V. Hemavathy, P.R. Yaashikaa, P. Arthi, J. Shreshta, S. Jeevanantham, S. Karishma, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Ki Choon Choi. Sequestration of toxic Pb(II) ions using ultrasonic modified agro waste: Adsorption mechanism and modelling study. Chemosphere. 2021; 285 ():131502.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. Jayasree; P. Senthil Kumar; A. Saravanan; R.V. Hemavathy; P.R. Yaashikaa; P. Arthi; J. Shreshta; S. Jeevanantham; S. Karishma; Mariadhas Valan Arasu; Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi; Ki Choon Choi. 2021. "Sequestration of toxic Pb(II) ions using ultrasonic modified agro waste: Adsorption mechanism and modelling study." Chemosphere 285, no. : 131502.

Review
Published: 13 July 2021 in Environmental Chemistry Letters
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The recent discovery and synthesis of graphene materials have led to many applications in various fields such as medicine, energy and environment. Here, we review the synthesis, functionalization, properties and applications of graphene materials with focus on environmental applications such as detection and adsorption of pollutants, and photocatalysis. For instance, hybrid systems can detect pollutants at levels of 0.1 nM Pb2+, 5 nM Hg2+ and 0.3 μmol Cu2+ per L with a faster response time. Graphene-based materials have adsorption capacities ranging from 21 to 117.5 mg/g for metal ions, and from 1 to 827 mg/g for organic pollutants. Graphene oxide-based photocatalytic devices allow more than 95% of dye degradation.

ACS Style

V. Karthik; P. Selvakumar; P. Senthil Kumar; Dai-Viet N. Vo; M. Gokulakrishnan; P. Keerthana; V. Tamil Elakkiya; R. Rajeswari. Graphene-based materials for environmental applications: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters 2021, 1 -14.

AMA Style

V. Karthik, P. Selvakumar, P. Senthil Kumar, Dai-Viet N. Vo, M. Gokulakrishnan, P. Keerthana, V. Tamil Elakkiya, R. Rajeswari. Graphene-based materials for environmental applications: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2021; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

V. Karthik; P. Selvakumar; P. Senthil Kumar; Dai-Viet N. Vo; M. Gokulakrishnan; P. Keerthana; V. Tamil Elakkiya; R. Rajeswari. 2021. "Graphene-based materials for environmental applications: a review." Environmental Chemistry Letters , no. : 1-14.

Original paper
Published: 10 July 2021 in Topics in Catalysis
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Active electrodes of transition metal selenides attract extensive consideration in energy storage application because of its improved electrochemical performances. In this study, evolution of flower like [email protected] was subsequently synthesized through one pot hydrothermal route. Growth of combined composite exposed flowerlike morphology with looser corrugated nanospikes increases surface area for redox reaction which reduces ionic diffusion pathway and improves supercapacitor performance in three-cell configurations. The best performed (MMS-3) electrode exhibited 719 Fg−1 specific capacitance and retained 99.78% capacity retention over 2000 cycles. Furthermore, as an asymmetric [email protected]//AC device delivered significant 75 Whkg−1 energy density at 747 Wkg−1 power density. Besides, asymmetric (MMS-3)//AC device maintained 99.16% capacity retention after constant 2000 charge discharge cycles. In a small-scale practical demonstration, [email protected]//AC device illuminated red LED and displayed improved electrochemical performance. Hence, both Mn (manganese) and Mo (molybdenum) mutual role promotes more affluent redox chemistry, which is beneficial for higher electrochemical activity. Thereby, Se provided greater number of electroactive sites that can aid maximum utilization of electrolyte ions.

ACS Style

M. Sangeetha Vidhya; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; D. Velauthapillai. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower Like [email protected] Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications. Topics in Catalysis 2021, 1 -8.

AMA Style

M. Sangeetha Vidhya, R. Yuvakkumar, P. Senthil Kumar, G. Ravi, D. Velauthapillai. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower Like [email protected] Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications. Topics in Catalysis. 2021; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Sangeetha Vidhya; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; D. Velauthapillai. 2021. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower Like [email protected] Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications." Topics in Catalysis , no. : 1-8.

Review
Published: 06 July 2021 in Chemosphere
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Chlorpyrifos (CPF) falls under the category of organophosphorus pesticides which are in huge demand in the agricultural sector. Overuse of this pesticide has led to the degradation of the quality of terrestrial and aquatic life. The chemical is moderately persistent in the environment but its primary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is comparatively highly persistent. Thus, it is important to degrade the chemical and there are many proposed techniques of degradation. Out of which bioremediation is considered to be highly cost-effective and efficient. Many previous studies have attempted to isolate appropriate microbial strains to degrade CPF which established the fact that chlorine atoms released while mineralising TCP inhibits further proliferation of microorganisms. Thus, it has been increasingly important to experiment with strains that can simultaneously degrade both CPF and TCP. In this review paper, the need for degrading CPF specifically the problems related to it has been discussed elaborately. Alongside these, the metabolism pathways undertaken by different kinds of microorganisms have been included. This paper also gives a detailed insight into the potential strains of microorganisms which has been confirmed through experiments conducted previously. It can be concluded that a wide range of microorganisms has to be studied to understand the possibility of applying bioremediation in wastewater treatment to remove pesticide residues. In addition to this, in the case of recalcitrant pesticides, options of treating it with hybrid techniques like bioremediation clubbed with photocatalytic biodegradation can be attempted.

ACS Style

Sanchali Bose; P. Senthil Kumar; Dai-Viet N. Vo. A review on the microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP. Chemosphere 2021, 283, 131447 .

AMA Style

Sanchali Bose, P. Senthil Kumar, Dai-Viet N. Vo. A review on the microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP. Chemosphere. 2021; 283 ():131447.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanchali Bose; P. Senthil Kumar; Dai-Viet N. Vo. 2021. "A review on the microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP." Chemosphere 283, no. : 131447.

Review
Published: 06 July 2021 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Environmental pollutants are a serious threat for decades causing contamination of soil and water systems. The release from various industries is the main source of these pollutants. Biosorption has been accepted as an alternative eco-friendly green technology for the removal of various pollutants utilizing microbes such as bacteria, fungi and algae, and yeasts. This review features on overview of studies on materials as biosorbents, their pretreatment process, desorption of adsorbed pollutants from biosorbents, and safe disposal of biosorbent material in detail. Pretreatment is mainly performed for increasing the efficiency and adsorption rate which can be performed using various methods. Desorbing eluents can be used for recovering adsorbed pollutants and regeneration of biosorbents can be performed chemically, thermally, or electrochemical methods. In the case of large-scale commercial utilization of biosorbents, final disposal of biosorbents without any effects has paid better attention. Cost is also one of the major factors and it has an impact on the overall economy of the biosorption process. Additional efforts are required for discovering novel biosorbent materials and desorbing eluents for an economically feasible and efficient treatment process.

ACS Style

P.R. Yaashikaa; P. Senthil Kumar; A. Saravanan; Dai-Viet N. Vo. Advances in biosorbents for removal of environmental pollutants: A review on pretreatment, removal mechanism and future outlook. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 420, 126596 .

AMA Style

P.R. Yaashikaa, P. Senthil Kumar, A. Saravanan, Dai-Viet N. Vo. Advances in biosorbents for removal of environmental pollutants: A review on pretreatment, removal mechanism and future outlook. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 420 ():126596.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P.R. Yaashikaa; P. Senthil Kumar; A. Saravanan; Dai-Viet N. Vo. 2021. "Advances in biosorbents for removal of environmental pollutants: A review on pretreatment, removal mechanism and future outlook." Journal of Hazardous Materials 420, no. : 126596.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2021 in Fuel
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In this research, manganese carbonate nanostructures were prepared employing simple co-precipitation route using ethylene glycol. Rhombohedral phase of MnCO3 nanostructures was determined by X-ray diffraction. [email protected] ml EG electrode exhibited small Tafel slope value and significantly facilitating its OER performance. The fabricated electrode materials of MnCO3 nanostructure exhibited high 257 mA/g current density with low 184 mV overpotential. The prepared electrodes explored excellent OER performance and good stability over 16 h without degradation. Organic additive of ethylene glycol tuning its morphology to favor of OER activity and it enhanced the electrochemical performance of MnCO3 nanomaterial. MnCO3 material was also subjected to photocatalytic hydrogen production. There was no activity noticed in the pure water even after 3 h of experiments. The following factor may enhance the H2 evolution rate. They are introducing hetero-atoms in crystal lattice points, combination with carbon materials such as GO, g-C3N4 etc and composed of heterostructures with some other material such as TMDs, CdS, TiO2 and ZnS etc. Hence, mono metal carbonate of MnCO3 doesn’t show any H2 activity and the fabricated electrode was suitable candidate for oxygen evolution reaction.

ACS Style

S. Swathi; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; Dhayalan Velauthapillai; Dai-Viet N. Vo. Ethylene glycol assisted MnCO3 electrocatalyst for water oxidation and hydrogen production application. Fuel 2021, 302, 121151 .

AMA Style

S. Swathi, R. Yuvakkumar, P. Senthil Kumar, G. Ravi, Dhayalan Velauthapillai, Dai-Viet N. Vo. Ethylene glycol assisted MnCO3 electrocatalyst for water oxidation and hydrogen production application. Fuel. 2021; 302 ():121151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Swathi; R. Yuvakkumar; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Ravi; Dhayalan Velauthapillai; Dai-Viet N. Vo. 2021. "Ethylene glycol assisted MnCO3 electrocatalyst for water oxidation and hydrogen production application." Fuel 302, no. : 121151.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2021 in Fuel
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Rapid industrialization and population growth have resulted in the wastage of significant quantity of food globally throughout the value chain right from harvesting to storage, processing and consumption. Normally, these waste materials are allowed to decay in the natural process or burnt to recover a part of the energy in the thermal form, leading to environmental pollution and loss of value. There is an imperative need to realize that food waste is a bundle of energy, which requires carefully planned recovery without damaging the environment. Conversion of food waste to bio-based liquid or gaseous fuels appears to be an attractive option to meet the escalating demand for fuel and at the same time slowing down the fast-depleting fossil fuel resources. In this context, it is felt appropriate to review the current status of the available technologies which are used in the disposal of food waste in order to identify the variables for process intensification to convert them to fuel keeping in mind the environmental concerns and logistics of utilization. The technologies including incineration, landfill, composting, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis and biochemical methods have been assessed alongside the recent developing technologies such as hydrothermal carbonization and supercritical water gasification. The critical evaluations of these technologies have been made based on the concepts of life cycle analysis, multi-objective optimization and circular bio-economics which help in assessing the environmental impact. Finally, safety aspects and the way forward are highlighted for future work. This article could form a promising path towards a holistic assessment of efficient food waste to energy conversion for a sustainable development.

ACS Style

Adithya Sridhar; Ashish Kapoor; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy; Sivasamy Balasubramanian; Sivaraman Prabhakar. Conversion of food waste to energy: A focus on sustainability and life cycle assessment. Fuel 2021, 302, 121069 .

AMA Style

Adithya Sridhar, Ashish Kapoor, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar, Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy, Sivasamy Balasubramanian, Sivaraman Prabhakar. Conversion of food waste to energy: A focus on sustainability and life cycle assessment. Fuel. 2021; 302 ():121069.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adithya Sridhar; Ashish Kapoor; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy; Sivasamy Balasubramanian; Sivaraman Prabhakar. 2021. "Conversion of food waste to energy: A focus on sustainability and life cycle assessment." Fuel 302, no. : 121069.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2021 in Environmental Research
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Plastic pollution is threatening the world and the life in it. Cost-effective and eco-friendly treatment is the need of the hour. Treating plastics using chemical methods adds up chemicals into the environment with toxic byproducts. The physical method, a slow and expensive process, is not the better alternative. The process should rely on the environmental sources producing eco-friendly byproducts. The byproducts such as biofuel could be utilized for a sustainable environment, but the conversion of plastics into biofuel is expensive. Hence, biodegradation is the better, sustainable, and cost-effective process for plastic/any other pollutant removal. The study focuses on the construction of Winogradsky column using dumpsite soil. The column amended with Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) serves as a carbon source for native microbes. The utilization of microbes in every niche for the degradation enhances the degradation of LDPE. The Otteri soil resulted in 35.4 ± 0.3%, while Kodungaiyur and agriculture soil show 29.7 ± 0.6% and 19.8 ± 0.8%. The AFM analysis shows the disruption of smooth LDPE surface by forming ridges and grooves, which further confirms the occurrence of degradation. The FTIR analysis shows the incorporation of OH, CO, and other CO–O–CO in the CH backbone of LDPE. The oxidation of LDPE will aid in cleavage and result in the process of weathering. The tensile strength decreased after LDPE treatment (23.88 MPa - control, 22.50 MPa – Kodungaiyur, and 14.92 MPa – Otteri). Thus, utilizing the native microbes present in every niche enhances the degradation of pollutants.

ACS Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan; Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy; P. Senthil Kumar. Analysis and microbial degradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in Winogradsky column. Environmental Research 2021, 201, 111646 .

AMA Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan, Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy, P. Senthil Kumar. Analysis and microbial degradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in Winogradsky column. Environmental Research. 2021; 201 ():111646.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rajalakshmi Sridharan; Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy; P. Senthil Kumar. 2021. "Analysis and microbial degradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in Winogradsky column." Environmental Research 201, no. : 111646.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2021 in Environmental Technology & Innovation
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The emerging pollutant such as metronidazole, chloramphenicol and sulphonamide were utilized for this research. Three-dimensional electrochemical reactor with particle electrodes such as Strychnos potatorum used to treat the above emerging pollutants. Voltage, pH, initial pollutant concentration and the particle electrode concentration were varied and the optimum conditions for the effective removal was found to be at 9 V, 15 grams of particle electrode and 100 mg/L of initial pollutant concentration. The efficiency of removal was found to be 93.68% for metronidazole, 94.56% for chloramphenicol and 94.11% for sulphonamide under optimum conditions. The air flow was varied to 2 L/min, 3 L/min and 5 L/min, the removal efficiency was found to be 80.24%, 94.12% and 95.26% for the above air flow rates. The comparison of adsorption, two-dimensional electrochemical treatment and three-dimensional electrochemical treatment was done and among them, three-dimensional electrochemical treatment was found to be 18.3% higher when compared to two-dimensional electrochemical treatment The removal efficiency for three-dimensional and two-dimensioanl two-dimensional treatment were found to be 53.74% and 45.83% in 60min.

ACS Style

Kirubanandam Grace Pavithra; Vasudevan Jaikumar; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Panneerselvam Sundarrajan. Removal of emerging pollutants from aquatic system using electrochemical treatment and adsorption: Comparison and analysis. Environmental Technology & Innovation 2021, 23, 101754 .

AMA Style

Kirubanandam Grace Pavithra, Vasudevan Jaikumar, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar, Panneerselvam Sundarrajan. Removal of emerging pollutants from aquatic system using electrochemical treatment and adsorption: Comparison and analysis. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2021; 23 ():101754.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kirubanandam Grace Pavithra; Vasudevan Jaikumar; Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar; Panneerselvam Sundarrajan. 2021. "Removal of emerging pollutants from aquatic system using electrochemical treatment and adsorption: Comparison and analysis." Environmental Technology & Innovation 23, no. : 101754.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2021 in Environmental Research
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Endophytic wild fungal strain Phyllosticta elongata MH458897 isolated from medicinal plant Cipadessa baccifera from the Western Ghats region of Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve Forest. This endophytic fungus has potential of effective anticancer drug Camptothecin (CPT). Endophytic fungi act as key symbionts in-between plants and ecosystem in the biosphere. This recently identified microbial population inside the plants produces many defence metabolites against plant pathogens. Among these defense metabolites, CPT gained much attention because of its effective anticancer activity. The maximum yield of CPT produced by optimizing the various factors like DEKM07 medium, pH 5.6, incubation time using Response Surface Methodology based on Central Composite Design. Extracted CPT is characterized using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Electrospray ionization-Mass spectrometry. The highest yield of CPT was 0.747 mg/L was produced at optimized factors of dextrose – 50 g L−1, peptone – 5.708 g L−1, magnesium sulphate – 0.593 g L−1, and incubation time – 14 days. In-vitro MTT assay revealed the CPT derivatives were cytotoxic to A-549 cancer cell line (IC50 58.28 μg/ml) as nearly compared to the (IC50 51.08 μg/ml) standard CPT. CPT producing strain P. elongata from C. baccifera has the potential of CPT biosynthesis, and could be an effective anticancer bio metabolite. This compound has been described in the literature to be an effective anticancer metabolite. Our findings support the novel lifesaving anticancer drug from endophytic fungus in forest ecosystem concludes effective utilization of key symbionts will safeguard the humans and forest ecosystem.

ACS Style

Madhankumar Dhakshinamoorthy; Ponnusamy SenthilKumar; Udaya Prakash Nyayiru Kannaian; Bhuvaneswari Srinivasan; Sripriya Nannu Shankar; Kannan Kilavan Packiam. Plant-microbe interactions implicated in the production of camptothecin – An anticancer biometabolite from Phyllosticta elongata MH458897 a novel endophytic strain isolated from medicinal plant of Western Ghats of India. Environmental Research 2021, 201, 111564 .

AMA Style

Madhankumar Dhakshinamoorthy, Ponnusamy SenthilKumar, Udaya Prakash Nyayiru Kannaian, Bhuvaneswari Srinivasan, Sripriya Nannu Shankar, Kannan Kilavan Packiam. Plant-microbe interactions implicated in the production of camptothecin – An anticancer biometabolite from Phyllosticta elongata MH458897 a novel endophytic strain isolated from medicinal plant of Western Ghats of India. Environmental Research. 2021; 201 ():111564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Madhankumar Dhakshinamoorthy; Ponnusamy SenthilKumar; Udaya Prakash Nyayiru Kannaian; Bhuvaneswari Srinivasan; Sripriya Nannu Shankar; Kannan Kilavan Packiam. 2021. "Plant-microbe interactions implicated in the production of camptothecin – An anticancer biometabolite from Phyllosticta elongata MH458897 a novel endophytic strain isolated from medicinal plant of Western Ghats of India." Environmental Research 201, no. : 111564.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2021 in Fuel
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This research work aims to evaluate the lipid extraction from algae and biogas production using thermo-chemical pretreatment of extracted (de-oiled) algae in co-digestion with corn husk. The hexane is found as a suitable solvent for the lipid extraction with the maximum yield of 1.8%, which is higher than the other solvent such as di-ethyl ether (1.2%), iso-propanol (0.8%), ethanol (0.2%) and methanol (0.5%). The FTIR characterization results confirms the presence of alkyl esters at 1724 cm−1 and methyl esters at 3000–2853 cm−1. The optimum biogas yield was determined using the Box-Behnken design of experiments. The pretreatment parameters such as temperature, heating time and sodium hydroxide concentration in three levels were investigated. After pretreatment, 17 experimental trails were carried at the thermophilic condition in batch mode. From the experimental investigations, sodium hydroxide showed the most influential in biogas yield. Response surface methodology predicted the maximum yield of 740 ml/gVS under the optimum reaction conditions such as 6% sodium hydroxide concentration at 70 °C in 3 h reaction time. Pretreated algae and corn husk produced 60% higher biogas yield than the untreated algae. The high value of regression R2 0.98 showed the predicted model can be effectively applied for the mass application from de-oiled algae with the co-digestion of corn husk.

ACS Style

C.N. Kowthaman; V. Arul Mozhi Selvan; P. Senthil Kumar. Optimization strategies of alkaline thermo-chemical pretreatment for the enhancement of biogas production from de-oiled algae. Fuel 2021, 303, 121242 .

AMA Style

C.N. Kowthaman, V. Arul Mozhi Selvan, P. Senthil Kumar. Optimization strategies of alkaline thermo-chemical pretreatment for the enhancement of biogas production from de-oiled algae. Fuel. 2021; 303 ():121242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.N. Kowthaman; V. Arul Mozhi Selvan; P. Senthil Kumar. 2021. "Optimization strategies of alkaline thermo-chemical pretreatment for the enhancement of biogas production from de-oiled algae." Fuel 303, no. : 121242.

Review
Published: 30 June 2021 in Chemosphere
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Due to the continuous increase in industrial pollution and modern lifestyle, several types of air contaminants and their concentrations are emerging in the atmosphere. Besides, photocatalysis has gained much attention in the elimination of air pollution. Several ultraviolet and visible light active photocatalysts were tested in air pollutant treatment and thereby, the number of reports was increased in the past few years. In this context, this review describes the photocatalytic treatment of gaseous inorganic contaminants like NOx, H2S, and organic pollutants like formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzene derivatives. Different photocatalysts with their air pollutant removal efficiency were explained. Improving strategies such as metal/non-metal doping, composite formation for photocatalyst activities have been studied. Moreover, an analysis is presented from each of the existing photocatalytic immobilization approaches. Also, factors responsible for effective photocatalysis were explained. Overall, the photocatalytic abatement technique is an auspicious way to eliminate different air contaminants. Besides, existing drawbacks and future challenges are also discussed.

ACS Style

A.K. Priya; R. Suresh; P. Senthil Kumar; Saravanan Rajendran; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Matias Soto-Moscoso. A review on recent advancements in photocatalytic remediation for harmful inorganic and organic gases. Chemosphere 2021, 284, 131344 .

AMA Style

A.K. Priya, R. Suresh, P. Senthil Kumar, Saravanan Rajendran, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Matias Soto-Moscoso. A review on recent advancements in photocatalytic remediation for harmful inorganic and organic gases. Chemosphere. 2021; 284 ():131344.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.K. Priya; R. Suresh; P. Senthil Kumar; Saravanan Rajendran; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Matias Soto-Moscoso. 2021. "A review on recent advancements in photocatalytic remediation for harmful inorganic and organic gases." Chemosphere 284, no. : 131344.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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This research paper concentrates on the removal of heavy metal from wastewater which was produced from an electroplating industry. Here, the Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) treatment process is carried out to remove toxic metals such as chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead, and copper using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) as a collector. The best-optimized conditions for the maximum removal of all the metal ions about 97.39% was achieved at pH 8, contact time of 60 min, surfactant dosage of 0.2 g, and the pressure of 137.89 kPa. At optimized conditions, the treated water consists of 2.71 mg/L of chromium, 1.13 mg/L of cadmium, 10.24 mg/L of nickel, 0.06 mg/L of lead, and 1.14 mg/L of copper. The used surfactant SDS was found as an environmentally friendly compound as prescribed by the Environmental Protection Agency. It is inferred that the flotation kinetics that manifests the rate of recovery and time for all the metal ions follow first-order kinetics. Further, the removal rate constant (k) increases with decreasing the initial metal ion concentration. Overall, the result of this work propounds that the DAF process plays as a promising technique to eliminate noxious pollutants from the wastewater.

ACS Style

G. Pooja; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Prasannamedha; Sunita Varjani; Dai-Viet N. Vo. Sustainable approach on removal of toxic metals from electroplating industrial wastewater using dissolved air flotation. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 295, 113147 .

AMA Style

G. Pooja, P. Senthil Kumar, G. Prasannamedha, Sunita Varjani, Dai-Viet N. Vo. Sustainable approach on removal of toxic metals from electroplating industrial wastewater using dissolved air flotation. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 295 ():113147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Pooja; P. Senthil Kumar; G. Prasannamedha; Sunita Varjani; Dai-Viet N. Vo. 2021. "Sustainable approach on removal of toxic metals from electroplating industrial wastewater using dissolved air flotation." Journal of Environmental Management 295, no. : 113147.