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For most of the world’s population, urban green spaces (UGS) offer the easiest form of contact with nature. Such environments deliver a wide variety of Recreational Ecosystem Services (RES) to visitors. This paper explores RES delivery in different types of UGS, differentiated with respect to their naturalness and distance from the city centre. Furthermore, it investigates how the identified use patterns are affected by an abrupt change in access. We extract data from Instagram, posted at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, for Warsaw, Poland, and use it to measure both the intensity of use of UGS, and the experience of Instagram users. Furthermore, we compare these data with data from the same period for the previous year (2019). Our results indicate that, in typical conditions, the wilder the area, the fewer visitors. RES patterns changed, however, when access to UGS was restricted. The recent COVID-19 outbreak showed that soon after restrictions on visiting UGS were lifted, recreation shifted towards wilder green areas. Moreover, users became more oriented to wild nature. We conclude that the number of visitors, and the pattern of recreational use of UGS, are highly dependent on the character of green spaces across the urban wilderness continuum, and that they are influenced by abrupt changes in access.
Tomasz Grzyb; Sylwia Kulczyk; Marta Derek; Edyta Woźniak. Using social media to assess recreation across urban green spaces in times of abrupt change. Ecosystem Services 2021, 49, 101297 .
AMA StyleTomasz Grzyb, Sylwia Kulczyk, Marta Derek, Edyta Woźniak. Using social media to assess recreation across urban green spaces in times of abrupt change. Ecosystem Services. 2021; 49 ():101297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Grzyb; Sylwia Kulczyk; Marta Derek; Edyta Woźniak. 2021. "Using social media to assess recreation across urban green spaces in times of abrupt change." Ecosystem Services 49, no. : 101297.
This paper explores the links between local resources (the natural environment) and the local food on offer; i.e., what parts of nature reach the tourist’s plate. It is based on a content analysis of restaurant menus in the Great Masurian Lakes region, which is considered to be one of the main nature-based tourism destinations in Poland. The concept of Ecosystem Services (ES), closely interlinked with the idea of sustainable development, is employed as it recognizes the relationships between humans and the natural environment. The results indicate that food representing the region’s history is almost non-existent. Instead, the local food heritage is being reinvented based on the area’s iconic ES, i.e., wild food. In this way, the supply side of the ES cascade (ecosystem resources and potential) and its demand side (the benefits for tourists and the costs they pay to obtain these benefits) are encompassed on a tourist’s plate in Masurian restaurants. The findings also reveal that, in many cases, the localness of “local” food is an illusion. This, in turn, poses an important challenge for the sustainability of food (and) tourism in the studied area.
Marta Derek. Nature on a Plate: Linking Food and Tourism within the Ecosystem Services Framework. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1687 .
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Nature on a Plate: Linking Food and Tourism within the Ecosystem Services Framework. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1687.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2021. "Nature on a Plate: Linking Food and Tourism within the Ecosystem Services Framework." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1687.
This chapter underlines the key role of a city centre in urban space gastronomy. It offers a four-step perspective, ranging from urban to local. First, the example of Saint Petersburg (Russia) shows that gastronomy reflects the major phases of urban growth. Here, eating establishments are used as a proxy for the city centre. Second, the example of Warsaw’s Śródmieście district in Poland indicates the constant growth in catering services in this central borough since 1994. Using density analysis, it shows gastronomy hotspots in the centre of the city. Next, the case of Kraków (Poland) focuses on the centre of a historical tourist city, where there has been both quantitative growth in the number of eating establishments and a change in their distribution. The last examples offer a local perspective, specifically they concern the district of Żoliborz in Warsaw, Poland, and the neighbourhood of Podskalí in Prague, the Czech Republic, which are near the city centre.
Marta Derek; Andrzej Kowalczyk; Konstantin A. Kholodilin; Leonid Limonov; Magdalena Kubal-Czerwińska; Dana Fialová. Changes in the Distribution of Gastronomic Services in the City Centre. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods 2020, 159 -181.
AMA StyleMarta Derek, Andrzej Kowalczyk, Konstantin A. Kholodilin, Leonid Limonov, Magdalena Kubal-Czerwińska, Dana Fialová. Changes in the Distribution of Gastronomic Services in the City Centre. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods. 2020; ():159-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek; Andrzej Kowalczyk; Konstantin A. Kholodilin; Leonid Limonov; Magdalena Kubal-Czerwińska; Dana Fialová. 2020. "Changes in the Distribution of Gastronomic Services in the City Centre." The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods , no. : 159-181.
The purpose of this chapter is to establish the framework for analysing the relationship between gastronomy and urban space, notably from the historical perspective. It begins by defining the role of gastronomy in the premodern period, i.e. before the industrial revolution, and identifies four of the largest concentrations of taverns, inns, pubs, etc. found in cities prior to the eighteenth century. It then explores gastronomy and urban space in the modern period, especially the influence of the capitalist economy, new colonial conquests, the development of science and the introduction of new technologies, which took place mainly in the nineteenth century. The remainder of the chapter focuses on an analysis of gastronomy in the postmodern period (called also post-industrial; Pacione 2005), which starts in middle of the twentieth century. Drawing on a number of examples, it proposes models of the main concentrations of gastronomy found in the inner city, in the outer city, in the suburbs and in tourist cities. It highlights that although the functions performed by gastronomy are largely independent of the historical period, their role in the urban space has changed as the restaurant sector has become increasingly important in the context of the overall economy of a city.
Andrzej Kowalczyk; Marta Derek. Relations Between Gastronomy and the City. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods 2020, 3 -51.
AMA StyleAndrzej Kowalczyk, Marta Derek. Relations Between Gastronomy and the City. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods. 2020; ():3-51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Kowalczyk; Marta Derek. 2020. "Relations Between Gastronomy and the City." The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods , no. : 3-51.
This short introduction to the second part of the book is focused on changes in gastronomy and urban space. It offers an overview of different dimensions that determine the development of gastronomy and shape the quantity, quality and location of bars, restaurants, cafés and other outlets in urban environments. It draws attention to the fact that gastronomy is a lens through which we can observe social and cultural changes, as well as their manifestation in urban space. It also introduces some of the major dimensions to be analysed in the following chapters.
Marta Derek. Changes in Gastronomy and Urban Space—Introduction to Part II. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods 2020, 121 -124.
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Changes in Gastronomy and Urban Space—Introduction to Part II. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods. 2020; ():121-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2020. "Changes in Gastronomy and Urban Space—Introduction to Part II." The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods , no. : 121-124.
This chapter draws attention to restaurants and bars offering ethnic cuisines in the urban space. It offers a general overview of factors that are thought to be responsible for this widespread phenomenon from a historical perspective, ranging from migration to the unification of global trends. As well as analysing changes in dominant cuisines, it also explores the distribution of different kinds of cuisines across the urban space. It focuses mainly on two cities: Amsterdam (The Netherlands), as an example of a Western European city with a long tradition of immigration and a long history of serving ethnic cuisines; and Warsaw (Poland), as an example of a Central European city, where after years of communism ethnic gastronomy only began to expand at the beginning of the 1990s. Although the history of the development of ethnic cuisines in the two cities is very different, their current situation is similar: Italian cuisine dominates, while Japanese cuisine is one of the most popular. Migration, once considered to be one of the most important influences on eating habits, is being increasingly replaced by globalisation.
Marta Derek. Ethnic Cuisine in Urban Space. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods 2020, 225 -237.
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Ethnic Cuisine in Urban Space. The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods. 2020; ():225-237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2020. "Ethnic Cuisine in Urban Space." The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods , no. : 225-237.
This chapter addresses the issues of unwanted past, resulting in unwanted (contested, dissonant, difficult) heritage, and its use for tourism, taking as an example a post-communist heritage of Warsaw, Poland. It shows that for many years people have attempted to deny or remove the communist period from the country’s past, together with a desire to erase the heritage of communist times. This, however, has started to change, and the society began to view the legacy of the former regime from a slightly different, wider perspective. The post-communist heritage, once seen as a symbol of oppression, has now become part of the tourist product in Warsaw. This has become another opportunity to gain an advantage over other destinations, but at the same time it offers a way to deal with the country’s difficult and dissonant past.
Marta Derek. An unwanted past in a contemporary city: post-communist heritage and tourism in Warsaw. A Research Agenda for Heritage Tourism 2020, 135 -150.
AMA StyleMarta Derek. An unwanted past in a contemporary city: post-communist heritage and tourism in Warsaw. A Research Agenda for Heritage Tourism. 2020; ():135-150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2020. "An unwanted past in a contemporary city: post-communist heritage and tourism in Warsaw." A Research Agenda for Heritage Tourism , no. : 135-150.
Marta Derek; Edyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk. Clustering nature-based tourists by activity. Social, economic and spatial dimensions. Tourism Management 2019, 75, 509 -521.
AMA StyleMarta Derek, Edyta Woźniak, Sylwia Kulczyk. Clustering nature-based tourists by activity. Social, economic and spatial dimensions. Tourism Management. 2019; 75 ():509-521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek; Edyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk. 2019. "Clustering nature-based tourists by activity. Social, economic and spatial dimensions." Tourism Management 75, no. : 509-521.
Recreation is a complex and important ecosystem service. Therefore, there is a need for approaches that can account for this complexity, and integrate both environmental and socio-economical perspectives. The Recreational Ecosystem Services (RES) model proposed in this paper responds to this need. RES are understood as the delivery of services, conditioned by recreational use. Demand is, however, shaped by supply, in the form of natural potential, and recreational infrastructure. New mapping methods are proposed and tested using the example of water-based recreation in the Great Masurian Lakes, Poland. A combination of three levels of landscape potential, recreational infrastructure and use made it possible to identify and map 27 types of RES and calculate their monetary value. Although the study was carried out in a relatively natural area, the findings showed that it was not landscape potential, but recreational facilities that was correlated with recreational use. This suggests that the responsible management of an area can significantly influence recreational use and develop various RES patterns.
Sylwia Kulczyk; Edyta Woźniak; Marta Derek. Landscape, facilities and visitors: An integrated model of recreational ecosystem services. Ecosystem Services 2018, 31, 491 -501.
AMA StyleSylwia Kulczyk, Edyta Woźniak, Marta Derek. Landscape, facilities and visitors: An integrated model of recreational ecosystem services. Ecosystem Services. 2018; 31 ():491-501.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylwia Kulczyk; Edyta Woźniak; Marta Derek. 2018. "Landscape, facilities and visitors: An integrated model of recreational ecosystem services." Ecosystem Services 31, no. : 491-501.
Edyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk; Marta Derek. From intrinsic to service potential: An approach to assess tourism landscape potential. Landscape and Urban Planning 2018, 170, 209 -220.
AMA StyleEdyta Woźniak, Sylwia Kulczyk, Marta Derek. From intrinsic to service potential: An approach to assess tourism landscape potential. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2018; 170 ():209-220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk; Marta Derek. 2018. "From intrinsic to service potential: An approach to assess tourism landscape potential." Landscape and Urban Planning 170, no. : 209-220.
Tourism and leisure influence urban space in a significant way. Geographers, as well as urban planners, take tourism as one of the important factors responsible for spatial, functional and social changes in cities. The influence of tourism on urban space has been widely discussed in tourism literature and it has been argued that tourism was concentrated into small distinctive areas. The aim of the study is to explore spatial organisation of tourism in Warsaw. In this chapter the main precincts of Warsaw are analysed showing how their tourist space is organized and what their functions are. It is proven that tourist districts in Warsaw are not organised similar to many western European cities, with a core tourist district. The main method used in the paper is field work which examines patterns of land-use within the districts. The results of this field work are shown in maps representing these areas. The historical context of these parts of Warsaw is also drawn upon to explain the results.
Marta Derek. Spatial Structure of Tourism in a City After Transition: The Case of Warsaw, Poland. Progress in French Tourism Geographies 2017, 157 -171.
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Spatial Structure of Tourism in a City After Transition: The Case of Warsaw, Poland. Progress in French Tourism Geographies. 2017; ():157-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2017. "Spatial Structure of Tourism in a City After Transition: The Case of Warsaw, Poland." Progress in French Tourism Geographies , no. : 157-171.
In the tourism studies literature, wilderness has been addressed from two perspectives. From the first, human, perspective wilderness is a social, subjective construction that exists only in the mind of its users. From the second, ecological, perspective it is a material, objective reality. Here, we compare these two perspectives based on data collected in one of Poland's most popular nature-based destinations, The Great Masurian Lakes region, and develop a methodological framework which would operationalise this comparison and make it measurable. The research approach combined a survey of tourists and mapping of natural features. The data was analysed, first, to verify whether stated preferences regarding nature and the natural features surrounding tourist accommodation were coherent; this resulted in the construction of a Coherence Index (CI). Second, we analysed how stated preferences with respect to nature were linked to outdoor recreational activities; this was measured by a Nature Cruciality Index (NCI). Finally, both indexes were mapped and their spatial distributions were analysed. The findings showed that the subjective, social construction of wilderness does not always correspond to objective reality. Although tourists declared natural environment to be very important to them, in some cases the analysis found a lack of consistency between expressed preferences and the natural features found around accommodation. The phenomenon was mainly found in towns, where tourists were most nature-indifferent. Moreover, they were not interested in activities with high NCI. In some cases, however, the two perspectives were coherent, especially among nature-oriented tourists who stayed near lakes and those who stayed in villages (who were most conscious of their choices). Tourists who stayed near lakes undertook the most nature-crucial activities. These findings can be used to enhance local planning, management and marketing strategies for nature tourism.
Marta Derek; Edyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk. Tourism in a nature-based destination: the human versus the ecological perspectives. Tourism Geographies 2017, 19, 548 -574.
AMA StyleMarta Derek, Edyta Woźniak, Sylwia Kulczyk. Tourism in a nature-based destination: the human versus the ecological perspectives. Tourism Geographies. 2017; 19 (4):548-574.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek; Edyta Woźniak; Sylwia Kulczyk. 2017. "Tourism in a nature-based destination: the human versus the ecological perspectives." Tourism Geographies 19, no. 4: 548-574.
Lokalizacja usług noclegowych w otoczeniu Rynku Starego Miasta w Warszawie
Marta Derek; Karolina Dycht. Lokalizacja usług noclegowych w otoczeniu Rynku Starego Miasta w Warszawie. Prace Geograficzne 2017, 2018, 55 66 .
AMA StyleMarta Derek, Karolina Dycht. Lokalizacja usług noclegowych w otoczeniu Rynku Starego Miasta w Warszawie. Prace Geograficzne. 2017; 2018 (152):55 66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek; Karolina Dycht. 2017. "Lokalizacja usług noclegowych w otoczeniu Rynku Starego Miasta w Warszawie." Prace Geograficzne 2018, no. 152: 55 66.
L’article propose d’analyser le redéveloppement des friches industrielles à travers le concept de tourisme hors des sentiers battus. Il propose de discuter ce concept et le met en relation avec la reconversion des friches urbaines en général. Il démontre également différentes facettes du tourisme hors des sentiers battus grâce à une analyse de trois exemples de reconversion de friches industrielles, situées dans la ville postindustrielle de Łódź en Pologne. Les différents mécanismes de reconversions sont présentés, ainsi que les diverses pratiques touristiques qui en résultent. Les trois sites sont des projets clés dans la pensée de réaménagement des friches industrielles. Selon les échelles d’analyse, ces lieux sont devenus pour certains des attractions touristiques à part entière, d’autres, davantage alternatifs, attirent déjà de nombreux clients et présentent de forts potentiels touristiques.
Marta Derek. Le tourisme hors des sentiers battus à la conquête des friches industrielles. Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme 2015, 34, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Le tourisme hors des sentiers battus à la conquête des friches industrielles. Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme. 2015; 34 (1-2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2015. "Le tourisme hors des sentiers battus à la conquête des friches industrielles." Téoros: Revue de recherche en tourisme 34, no. 1-2: 1.
Współcześnie w polityce dużych miast coraz większego znaczenia nabierają działania dotyczące kształtowania przestrzeni związanej z konsumpcją czasu wolnego. Tego rodzaju działania traktowane są współcześnie jako jeden z ważniejszych czynników rozwoju miast i regionów. Inwestycje w kulturę, rozrywkę, turystykę czy rekreację nie tylko wpływają na zwiększenie atrakcyjności turystycznej miast, lecz także podnoszą jakość życia mieszkańców, przyciągają inwestorów, poprawiają jakość przestrzeni miejskiej itp. Jednym z przejawów przemian przestrzeni miejskiej związanych z jej kształtowaniem w związku z czasem wolnym są działania podejmowane na obszarach, które pełniły wcześniej inne funkcje, głównie tereny poprzemysłowe, pokolejowe itp.
Andrzej Kowalczyk; Marta Derek. Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w polityce dużych miast. Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 2015, 77, 311 -325.
AMA StyleAndrzej Kowalczyk, Marta Derek. Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w polityce dużych miast. Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny. 2015; 77 (1):311-325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Kowalczyk; Marta Derek. 2015. "Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w polityce dużych miast." Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 77, no. 1: 311-325.
Marta Derek. Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w obiektach poprzemysłowych na warszawskiej Pradze. Pomysł na sukces? Turystyka. Moda na sukces, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 2 2012, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w obiektach poprzemysłowych na warszawskiej Pradze. Pomysł na sukces? Turystyka. Moda na sukces, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 2. 2012; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2012. "Przestrzeń czasu wolnego w obiektach poprzemysłowych na warszawskiej Pradze. Pomysł na sukces?" Turystyka. Moda na sukces, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 2 , no. : 1.
Marta Derek. Od miasta przemysłowego do miasta rozrywki? Turystyka, rozrywka i miasto polskie w latach 1989–2009. Turystyka polska w latach 1989-2009, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 1 2011, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Derek. Od miasta przemysłowego do miasta rozrywki? Turystyka, rozrywka i miasto polskie w latach 1989–2009. Turystyka polska w latach 1989-2009, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 1. 2011; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Derek. 2011. "Od miasta przemysłowego do miasta rozrywki? Turystyka, rozrywka i miasto polskie w latach 1989–2009." Turystyka polska w latach 1989-2009, Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu, tom 1 , no. : 1.