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For the first time in the scientific literature, this research shows an analysis of the implementation of circular economy techniques under sustainable development framework in six municipalities with a depressed economy in Colombia. The analysis is based on solid waste data production at a local scale, the valuation of the waste for subsequent recycling, and the identification and quantification of the variables associated with the treatment and final disposal of waste, in accordance with the Colombian regulatory framework. Waste generation data are obtained considering three different scenarios, in which a comparison between the simulated values and those established in the management plans are compared. Important differences have been identified between the waste management programs of each municipality, specifically regarding the components of waste collection, transportation and disposal, participation of environmental reclaimers, and potential use of materials. These differences are fundamentally associated with the different administrative processes considered for each individual municipality. This research is a good starting point for the development of waste management models based on circular economy techniques, through the subsequent implementation of an office tool in depressed regions such as those studied.
Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri; Camilo-A. Vargas-Terranova; María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero; Paula-A. Bustos-Castro. Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3816 .
AMA StyleJavier Rodrigo-Ilarri, Camilo-A. Vargas-Terranova, María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero, Paula-A. Bustos-Castro. Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3816.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier Rodrigo-Ilarri; Camilo-A. Vargas-Terranova; María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero; Paula-A. Bustos-Castro. 2021. "Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3816.
PROPOSAL OF A CIRCULAR MODEL FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF USABLE WASTE IN LOW-INCOME MUNICIPALITIES IN COLOMBIA
Camilo-A. Vargas-Terranova 1, Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri 2, María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero 2, Paula-A. Bustos-Castro3
1 Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria, Universidad de La Salle, Carrera 2 # 10-70, Piso 6-Bloque A, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia; [email protected]
2 Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain; [email protected]; [email protected]
3 Quipus Consultores SAS, Carrera 8 # 16-36, 250010, Cota, Colombia; [email protected]
Waste reuse is a main activity included in the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) system in Colombia. However, the economic costs related with these activities are not usually included within the service fee. Therefore, operators who perform reuse activities are not formalized or legally constituted and they do not always find a significant economic benefit. This on-going research raises a proposal for a circular model for usable waste in order to add value to the different stages that make up the recovery activity, generating social and environmental benefits.
The circular economy model for the reuse of waste has five phases: i) solid waste generation; ii) solid waste collection; iii) classification of solid waste in collection centers; iv) delivery to an external manager and v) reinstatement to the production chain, to finally return to the first stage.
The financial analysis of the circular economy model is also divided into five phases. In the first phase a basic calculation is made as a reference on the cost of the operation of the public cleaning service, the staff payment cost, the operation of the vehicle fleet and the cost of final waste disposal. In the second and third phases, two scenarios are raised regarding the state of the collection center in a municipality. Specifically, in the second phase, the scenario of a municipality that does not have a collection center or classification and utilization station is proposed. The investment in locating, adapting and building a collection center with different sizes is calculated. In the third phase, a scenario is proposed where a municipality already has a collection center, so the investment for its operation is calculated.
In the fourth phase, the scenarios proposed with the reference value are evaluated. Also, the behavior of production of usable waste and the fluctuation of values in the purchase and sale of this waste in low-income municipalities are determined.
Finally, in the fifth phase, a synthesis of the economic valuation is made, evaluating the scenarios for the municipalities, determining the amount of income and expenses.
Camilo Andres Vargas Terranova; Javier Rodrigo Ilarri; María Elena Rodrigo Clavero; Paula Andrea Bustos Castro. Proposal of a circular model for the management of usable waste in low-income municipalities in Colombia. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleCamilo Andres Vargas Terranova, Javier Rodrigo Ilarri, María Elena Rodrigo Clavero, Paula Andrea Bustos Castro. Proposal of a circular model for the management of usable waste in low-income municipalities in Colombia. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilo Andres Vargas Terranova; Javier Rodrigo Ilarri; María Elena Rodrigo Clavero; Paula Andrea Bustos Castro. 2021. "Proposal of a circular model for the management of usable waste in low-income municipalities in Colombia." , no. : 1.
IMPROVING THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF NEMOCÓN (COLOMBIA)
CAMILO-ANDRÉS VARGAS-TERRANOVA(1) and JAVIER RODRIGO-ILARRI(2)
(1)Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia ([email protected])
(2)Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain ([email protected])
ABSTRACT
The municipality of Nemocón (Colombia) located 45 km from Bogotá generates 810.3 t/year of municipal solid waste (MSW). Despite the Colombian national legal requirements, Nemocón Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP) shows important deficiencies in the waste management system, especially concerning the final destination of waste.
During 2019 a set of activities have been performed in the town as an initial response to these needs with the participation of the community and local authorities. First, the design of the waste collection routes was analyzed and improved. Two routes were designed, supported by compacting vehicles with an average time of 3 hours (80 km per route) and 3 routes per week each. Besides, two shorter routes were designed for the collection of recyclable waste, supported by hand-drawn vehicles, with operating times of 6 hours (8-10 km per route) and daily routes.
With the support of students from the University of La Salle and the donation of an abandoned building, a Classification and Use Station (CUS) was implemented to strengthen the management of such recyclable waste. The CUS was provided with personal protection elements to improve their condition as managers of minor routes and the preliminary treatment of waste in the CUS, for later sale to wholesalers external managers.
Finally, a tax system was designed to finance the operation of the CUS (2500-2800 Euros/month) and promote greater separation volumes in the midterm, based on an adjustment to the normal payment made by the users for the service of waste collection and management. This system took into account the different types of users (commercial, industrial, residential and official), local socioeconomic scale and national economic variables. The increased rate varies between 1 and 1.5% for all users in the first year of increase.
Camilo Andrés Vargas Terranova; Javier Rodrigo Ilarri. Improving The Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan Of The Municipality Of Nemocón (Colombia). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleCamilo Andrés Vargas Terranova, Javier Rodrigo Ilarri. Improving The Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan Of The Municipality Of Nemocón (Colombia). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilo Andrés Vargas Terranova; Javier Rodrigo Ilarri. 2020. "Improving The Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan Of The Municipality Of Nemocón (Colombia)." , no. : 1.
La fotocatálisis heterogénea y la pasteurización para la desinfección del agua se presentan como una alternativa de potencial implementación y operación, porque buscan el aprovechamiento de la radiación y la temperatura, y la hacen apta para emplearla en múltiples locaciones, principalmente donde existan fuentes de abastecimiento que presenten bajos niveles de turbiedad. Para verificar la efectividad de estas técnicas, se evaluó una unidad compuesta por un sistema de captación de aguas lluvias, un filtro lento de arena y un sistema de desinfección solar compuesto por fotocatálisis heterogénea, que emplea como catalizador dióxido de titanio (TiO 2 ) en forma de anatasa 99 % en un lecho fijo, y pasteurización con un proceso de recirculación, en una comunidad ubicada en la zona sur de Bogotá. La caracterización del afluente mostró valores de turbiedad iguales a 3,29 UNT, pH de 6,4, alcalinidad de 2,5 mg CaCO 3 L -1 dureza de 0,65 mg CaCO 3 L -1 y presencia de coliformes identificados en placas de petrifilm. La eliminación de microorganismos se hizo efectiva en días con índices de radiación por encima de 4UV (longitudes de onda de 315400 nm), estados del tiempo soleados o parcialmente nublados y valores de turbiedad de 4 UNT para cargas hidráulicas por debajo de 60 m 3 m -2 -d -1 . El efluente presentó efectividad próxima al 60 % en la remoción de turbiedad y 100 % en coliformes. Los resultados obtenidos permiten el uso del agua tratada en actividades complementarias, excluyendo el consumo humano.
Angie Catherin Quintero Agudelo; Camilo Andrés Vargas Terranova; Juan Pablo Sanabria Alcantar. Evaluación de un sistema de fotocatálisis heterogénea y pasteurización para desinfección de aguas lluvias. Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina 2017, 28, 117 -134.
AMA StyleAngie Catherin Quintero Agudelo, Camilo Andrés Vargas Terranova, Juan Pablo Sanabria Alcantar. Evaluación de un sistema de fotocatálisis heterogénea y pasteurización para desinfección de aguas lluvias. Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina. 2017; 28 (1):117-134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngie Catherin Quintero Agudelo; Camilo Andrés Vargas Terranova; Juan Pablo Sanabria Alcantar. 2017. "Evaluación de un sistema de fotocatálisis heterogénea y pasteurización para desinfección de aguas lluvias." Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina 28, no. 1: 117-134.