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Ecosystem services (ESs) is a term used to describe the foundations of the well-being of human society, and several relevant studies have been carried out in this area. However, given the fact that the complex trade-offs/synergy relationships of ESs are a challenging area, studies on matching mechanisms for ES supply and demand are still rare. In this study, using the InVEST model, ArcGIS, and other professional tools, we first mapped and quantitatively evaluated the supply and demand of five ES types (water yield, soil conservation, carbon retention, food supply, and leisure and entertainment) in Hangzhou, China, based on land use, meteorology, soil, and socio-economic data. Then, we analyzed the matching characteristics between the supply and demand of these ESs and analyzed the complex trade-offs and synergy between the supply and demand of ESs and factors affecting ESs. The results of this analysis indicate that although the ES supply and demand of carbon retention tended to be out of balance (supply was less than demand), the supply and demand of the other four ES types (i.e., water yield, soil conservation, food supply, and leisure and entertainment) were in balance (supply exceeded demand). Finally, the spatial heterogeneity of the supply and demand of ESs in Hangzhou was significant, especially in urban areas in the northeast and mountainous areas in the southwest. The supply of ESs was based on trade-offs, whereas the demand of ESs was based on synergy. Our results further show that the supply and demand of ESs in the urban area in Hangzhou were out of balance, whereas the supply and demand of ESs in the western region were coordinated. Therefore, the linkage of ES flows between this urban area and the western region should be strengthened. This innovative study could provide useful information for regional land use planning and environmental protection.
Peng Tian; Jialin Li; Luodan Cao; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Haitao Zhang; Huilin Chen; Xiaodong Yang. Assessing Matching Characteristics and Spatial Differences between Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services: A Case Study in Hangzhou, China. Land 2021, 10, 582 .
AMA StylePeng Tian, Jialin Li, Luodan Cao, Ruiliang Pu, Hongbo Gong, Haitao Zhang, Huilin Chen, Xiaodong Yang. Assessing Matching Characteristics and Spatial Differences between Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services: A Case Study in Hangzhou, China. Land. 2021; 10 (6):582.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Tian; Jialin Li; Luodan Cao; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Haitao Zhang; Huilin Chen; Xiaodong Yang. 2021. "Assessing Matching Characteristics and Spatial Differences between Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services: A Case Study in Hangzhou, China." Land 10, no. 6: 582.
The purpose of this study is to reveal the spatial-temporal change and driving factors of green space in coastal cities of southeast China over the past 20 years. A supervised classification method combining support vector machines (SVMs) and visual interpretation was used to extract the green space from Landsat TM/OLI imageries from 2000–2020. The landscape pattern index was used to calculate geospatial information of green space and analyze their spatial-temporal changes. The hierarchical partitioning analysis was then used to determine the influences of anthropogenic and geographic environmental factors on the spatial-temporal changes in green space. The results indicated that the total area of green space remained constant over the past 20 years in coastal cities of southeast China (1% reduction). The spatial change of green space mainly occurred in the area near the ocean and the southern region. 41.37% of forest land was transferred from cultivated land, while 44.56%, 41.83%, 43.20%, 46.31%, 41.98% and 40.20% of shrub land, sparse woodland, other woodland, high-coverage grassland, moderate-coverage grassland and low-coverage grassland were transferred from forest land. The number of patches, patch density, edge density, landscape shape index and Shannon’s diversity index increased from 2000–2015, and then decreased to the minimum in 2020, while largest patch index continued to decline from 2000–2020. The contribution of anthropogenic factors (0.53–0.61) on the spatial-temporal changes of green space continually increased over the past 20 years, which was also higher than geographical environment factors (0.39–0.41). Our study provides a new perspective to distinguish the impact of anthropogenic activities and geographical environmental factors on the change of green space area, thereby providing a theoretical support for the construction and ecological management of green space.
Huayan Weng; Yongchao Gao; Xinyi Su; Xiaodong Yang; Fangyan Cheng; Renfeng Ma; Yanju Liu; Wen Zhang; Liwen Zheng. Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years. Land 2021, 10, 537 .
AMA StyleHuayan Weng, Yongchao Gao, Xinyi Su, Xiaodong Yang, Fangyan Cheng, Renfeng Ma, Yanju Liu, Wen Zhang, Liwen Zheng. Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years. Land. 2021; 10 (5):537.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuayan Weng; Yongchao Gao; Xinyi Su; Xiaodong Yang; Fangyan Cheng; Renfeng Ma; Yanju Liu; Wen Zhang; Liwen Zheng. 2021. "Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years." Land 10, no. 5: 537.
This study investigated contamination status of eight trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni) in farmland soils and crops at 535 sites across the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China. Land use types of the sampling sites included vegetable patch, grain field and orchard. Our experimental results indicated all farmland soils were considered as trace element contamination based on the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index (NCPI > 1). However, 91.97% of the crop samples were uncontaminated according to the Chinese Risk Control Standard. Soils from the vegetable patch showed higher pollution level comparison with that from grain field and orchard. Health risks for both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were calculated through crop ingestion exposure pathway. Grain samples showed highest health risks, followed by melon and fruit, and vegetables. The health risks of crops were mainly driven by Cr and Cd. Crop consumption may pose risks for children but not adults. The source of trace element contamination in the different farmland soils varied and may be attributed to the different agricultural activities. Plant type had a greater influence on the trace element accumulation in crops compared with soil trace element contents and physicochemical properties.
Weiguo Liu; Xiaodong Yang; Luchun Duan; Ravi Naidu; Kaihong Yan; Yanju Liu; Xiyuan Wang; Yongchao Gao; Yinguang Chen. Variability in plant trace element uptake across different crops, soil contamination levels and soil properties in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of northwest China. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -13.
AMA StyleWeiguo Liu, Xiaodong Yang, Luchun Duan, Ravi Naidu, Kaihong Yan, Yanju Liu, Xiyuan Wang, Yongchao Gao, Yinguang Chen. Variability in plant trace element uptake across different crops, soil contamination levels and soil properties in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of northwest China. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguo Liu; Xiaodong Yang; Luchun Duan; Ravi Naidu; Kaihong Yan; Yanju Liu; Xiyuan Wang; Yongchao Gao; Yinguang Chen. 2021. "Variability in plant trace element uptake across different crops, soil contamination levels and soil properties in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of northwest China." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-13.
Research Highlights: 1. Soil fungi have a higher influence on seedling density compared to soil environmental factors; 2. Host-specific pathogens and beneficial fungi affect seeding density via different influencing mechanisms. Background and Objectives: The growth and development of seedlings are the key processes that affect forest regeneration and maintain community dynamics. However, the influencing factors of seedling growth around their adult conspecifics are not clear in arid desert forests. Probing the intrinsic relations among soil fungi, soil environmental factors (pH, water content, salinity, and nutrition), and seedling density will improve our understanding of forest development and provide a theoretical basis for forest management and protection. Materials and Methods: Four experimental plot types, depending on the distance to adult conspecifics, were set in an arid desert forest. Soil environmental factors, the diversity and composition of the soil fungal community, and the seedlings’ density and height were measured in the four experimental plot types, and their mutual relations were analyzed. Results: Seedling density as well as the diversity and composition of the soil fungal community varied significantly among the four plot types (p < 0.05). Soil environmental factors, especially soil salinity, pH, and soil water content, had significant influences on the seedling density and diversity and composition of the soil fungal community. The contribution of soil fungi (72.61%) to the variation in seedling density was much higher than the soil environmental factors (27.39%). The contribution of detrimental fungi to the variation in seedling density was higher than the beneficial fungi. Conclusions: Soil fungi mostly affected the distribution of seedling density in the vicinity of adult conspecifics in an arid desert forest. The distribution of seedling density in the vicinity of adults was mainly influenced by the detrimental fungi, while the adults in the periphery area was mainly influenced by the beneficial fungi.
Yanxin Long; Xiaodong Yang; Yuee Cao; Guanghui Lv; Yan Li; Yingji Pan; Kaihong Yan; Yanju Liu. Relationship between Soil Fungi and Seedling Density in the Vicinity of Adult Conspecifics in an Arid Desert Forest. Forests 2021, 12, 92 .
AMA StyleYanxin Long, Xiaodong Yang, Yuee Cao, Guanghui Lv, Yan Li, Yingji Pan, Kaihong Yan, Yanju Liu. Relationship between Soil Fungi and Seedling Density in the Vicinity of Adult Conspecifics in an Arid Desert Forest. Forests. 2021; 12 (1):92.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYanxin Long; Xiaodong Yang; Yuee Cao; Guanghui Lv; Yan Li; Yingji Pan; Kaihong Yan; Yanju Liu. 2021. "Relationship between Soil Fungi and Seedling Density in the Vicinity of Adult Conspecifics in an Arid Desert Forest." Forests 12, no. 1: 92.
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the relationship between meteorological factors (i.e., daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, temperature range, relative humidity, average wind speed and total precipitation) and COVID-19 transmission is affected by season and geographical location during the period of community-based pandemic prevention and control. COVID-19 infected case records and meteorological data in four cities (Wuhan, Beijing, Urumqi and Dalian) in China were collected. Then, the best-fitting model of COVID-19 infected cases was selected from four statistic models (Gaussian, logistic, lognormal distribution and allometric models), and the relationship between meteorological factors and COVID-19 infected cases was analyzed using multiple stepwise regression and Pearson correlation. The results showed that the lognormal distribution model was well adapted to describing the change of COVID-19 infected cases compared with other models (R2 > 0.78; p-values < 0.001). Under the condition of implementing community-based pandemic prevention and control, relationship between COVID-19 infected cases and meteorological factors differed among the four cities. Temperature and relative humidity were mainly the driving factors on COVID-19 transmission, but their relations obviously varied with season and geographical location. In summer, the increase in relative humidity and the decrease in maximum temperature facilitate COVID-19 transmission in arid inland cities, while at this point the decrease in relative humidity is good for the spread of COVID-19 in coastal cities. For the humid cities, the reduction of relative humidity and the lowest temperature in the winter promote COVID-19 transmission.
Xiao-Dong Yang; Hong-Li Li; Yue-E Cao. Influence of Meteorological Factors on the COVID-19 Transmission with Season and Geographic Location. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 484 .
AMA StyleXiao-Dong Yang, Hong-Li Li, Yue-E Cao. Influence of Meteorological Factors on the COVID-19 Transmission with Season and Geographic Location. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (2):484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Dong Yang; Hong-Li Li; Yue-E Cao. 2021. "Influence of Meteorological Factors on the COVID-19 Transmission with Season and Geographic Location." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2: 484.
Accurate assessment of the spatial distribution and severity of soil salinization has long plagued local governments and researchers in the arid parts of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XJUAR). The emergence of machine learning has brought hope to this research field, such as Random Forest (RF) and Stochastic Gradient Treeboost (SGT),however, which are few applications to the quantitative assessment of soil salinization. Therefore, in order to evaluate the accuracy level of the two algorithms for predicting soil salinity, twenty-seven environmental subsets were designed. Each data set is calculated using both RF and SGT to produce an optimal set of variables. The simulation results from 70.37% (19/27) of the subsets showed that the predicted value of soil salinity from SGT is closer to the observed value than is that from RF. The statistics of all datasets showed that the average values of R2 value for RF and SGT were 0.38 and 0.40, the average Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) value were 28.59 and 27.46, and the Ratio of Prediction to Deviation (RPD) averages were 1.20 and 1.24, respectively. The important dominant factor were topographic variables with coarse resolution, temperature and vegetation indices, land use and landform.
Yang Wei; Jianli Ding; Shengtian Yang; Xiaodong Yang; Fei Wang. Comparisons of random forest and stochastic gradient treeboost algorithms for mapping soil electrical conductivity with multiple subsets using Landsat OLI and DEM/GIS-based data at a type oasis in Xinjiang, China. European Journal of Remote Sensing 2021, 54, 158 -181.
AMA StyleYang Wei, Jianli Ding, Shengtian Yang, Xiaodong Yang, Fei Wang. Comparisons of random forest and stochastic gradient treeboost algorithms for mapping soil electrical conductivity with multiple subsets using Landsat OLI and DEM/GIS-based data at a type oasis in Xinjiang, China. European Journal of Remote Sensing. 2021; 54 (1):158-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang Wei; Jianli Ding; Shengtian Yang; Xiaodong Yang; Fei Wang. 2021. "Comparisons of random forest and stochastic gradient treeboost algorithms for mapping soil electrical conductivity with multiple subsets using Landsat OLI and DEM/GIS-based data at a type oasis in Xinjiang, China." European Journal of Remote Sensing 54, no. 1: 158-181.
Groundwater is the most important water resource in arid regions. However, the groundwater traditional models and field measurements are limited due to the fluctuations in hydrological cycles and the difficulty in the accurate quantification of associated parameters. Here, we hypothesized that maximum potential tree height could be used to predict groundwater depth due to the hydraulic limitation of water transportation. To address this hypothesis, we measured two proxy indicators of maximum potential tree height, i.e., the maxima of heights and volumes, of three common dominant tree species in northwest China to construct classical measurement error (CME) model for predicting groundwater depth in an arid region. Our results showed that the optimal model based on maximum tree height had the best predictive performance of groundwater depth, particularly the tallest plant species. The CME model showed that maximum tree height played a vital role in predicting groundwater depth. Mathematically the model can be expressed as: [Eln(Dw)lnTh,θ)=7.11-1.85ExlnTh,θ), where Dw and Th are respectively the theoretical values of groundwater depth and maximum tree height; x is the measured maximum tree height; θ = {7.11, -1.85, 7.19, 0.15, 1.91, 13.45}; R2=0.82; Marginal log-Likelihood = -131.04; RMSE = 0.33]. In addition, Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation together with correlation analysis indicated that groundwater depth prediction based on maximum tree height in arid regions was an accurate and promising approach. In conclusion, our study showed that the hydraulic limitation of water transportation led to a negative relationship between maximum tree height and groundwater depth. Our developed model for predicting groundwater depth with maximum tree height has provided the important basis for the conservation and management of groundwater resources in arid regions.
Xiao-Dong Yang; Ya-Dong Qie; De-Xiong Teng; Arshad Ali; Yilu Xu; Nanthi Bolan; Wei-Guo Liu; Guang-Hui Lv; Li-Gang Ma; Sheng-Tian Yang; Simayi Zibibula. Prediction of groundwater depth in an arid region based on maximum tree height. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 574, 46 -52.
AMA StyleXiao-Dong Yang, Ya-Dong Qie, De-Xiong Teng, Arshad Ali, Yilu Xu, Nanthi Bolan, Wei-Guo Liu, Guang-Hui Lv, Li-Gang Ma, Sheng-Tian Yang, Simayi Zibibula. Prediction of groundwater depth in an arid region based on maximum tree height. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 574 ():46-52.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Dong Yang; Ya-Dong Qie; De-Xiong Teng; Arshad Ali; Yilu Xu; Nanthi Bolan; Wei-Guo Liu; Guang-Hui Lv; Li-Gang Ma; Sheng-Tian Yang; Simayi Zibibula. 2019. "Prediction of groundwater depth in an arid region based on maximum tree height." Journal of Hydrology 574, no. : 46-52.
Biodiversity conservation, plant growth and spatial distribution of plant species are the central issues in contemporary community ecology. Ephemeral stream may influence soil properties, which in turn may determine biodiversity and function of an ecosystem in alluvial fan of arid desert region. Ephemeral stream is one of the most common natural disturbances, yet the effects of the ephemeral stream on plant communities in terms of species diversity and plant species distribution remain poorly studied. In this study, the information of species distribution, ephemeral stream beds ('washes'), and the characteristics of plant growth, i.e. height, crown area, were interpreted at different heights using the images of low altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). After that, soil properties such as soil texture (sand, silt and clay), soil water content, pH, soil organic matter, soil electric conductivity, soil bulk density and the percentage of gravel content, and their relationships with UAV data were assessed in order to explore the influences of ephemeral stream on species diversity, plant growth characteristics and species distribution in an alluvial fan of arid desert region. The results showed that deep-rooted plants were only distributed in washes whereas shallow-rooted plants were distributed in both washes and the outside of washes ('non-washes'). Species richness was significantly higher in washes than that in non-washes whereas the opposite pattern was true for abundance. Soil properties, plant height and crown area were higher in washes than that in non-washes. Plant height, crown area and the total number of individual plants increased with increasing wash width and per unit length of stream flow. This study highlights that the coupling factors of ephemeral stream, such as soil erosion, particle transport and sedimentation, can dramatically cause changes in soil properties and total number of individual plants, and hence, can influence species diversity, plant growth characteristics and spatial distribution of plant species in an alluvial fan of arid desert regions.
Xiao-Dong Yang; Juan Wang; Ming-Shan Xu; Arshad Ali; Yilu Xu; Dane Lamb; Lu-Chun Duan; Kai-Hong Yan; Sheng-Tian Yang. Effects of the ephemeral stream on plant species diversity and distribution in an alluvial fan of arid desert region: An application of a low altitude UAV. PLOS ONE 2019, 14, e0212057 .
AMA StyleXiao-Dong Yang, Juan Wang, Ming-Shan Xu, Arshad Ali, Yilu Xu, Dane Lamb, Lu-Chun Duan, Kai-Hong Yan, Sheng-Tian Yang. Effects of the ephemeral stream on plant species diversity and distribution in an alluvial fan of arid desert region: An application of a low altitude UAV. PLOS ONE. 2019; 14 (2):e0212057.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Dong Yang; Juan Wang; Ming-Shan Xu; Arshad Ali; Yilu Xu; Dane Lamb; Lu-Chun Duan; Kai-Hong Yan; Sheng-Tian Yang. 2019. "Effects of the ephemeral stream on plant species diversity and distribution in an alluvial fan of arid desert region: An application of a low altitude UAV." PLOS ONE 14, no. 2: e0212057.
The conversion of extreme xeromorphic vegetation (natural desert forest) to agricultural lands is one of the largest land-use changes in the arid desert region of China over the past 30 years, which may substantially influence soil respiration, and hence may largely determine local climate change. However, few studies have considered the change in soil respiration across natural desert forest and agricultural lands in the arid desert region. In this study, soil respiration and its influencing factors, i.e., soil moisture content, soil salinity, microbial quantity, soil temperature, fine-root biomass, soil organic matter (SOM), air temperature, pH and relative air humidity, were determined across natural desert forest and three chronosequential fields where forests have been converted to agricultural lands having varying length of cultivation period (i.e., 5, 10 and 30 years of cultivation) in an arid desert region. We used two-way repeated measure ANOVA for evaluating significant differences in soil respiration and its influencing factors between natural desert forest and agricultural lands, and then employed structural equation model (SEM) with the support of stepwise regressions analyses to test for the direct and indirect effects of influencing factors on soil respiration. The results showed that soil respiration significantly increased along the years of cultivation in agricultural lands (P < 0.05). Soil respiration was higher in all agricultural lands than that in natural desert forest (P < 0.05). Stepwise regressions and SEM showed that soil moisture content and soil salinity had explained 75% of the variation in soil respiration through direct and indirect effects via abiotic and biotic factors. Soil respiration was significantly affected by the sum of the direct and indirect effects of soil salinity (β = −0.46) and soil moisture content (β = 0.49) via microbial quantity, soil temperature, fine-root biomass and SOM. This study suggests that deforestation and subsequent agricultural activities might alter the soil moisture and salinity contents, and as a consequence influence soil respiration across natural desert forest and agricultural lands in an arid desert region.
Xiao-Dong Yang; Arshad Ali; Yi-Lu Xu; La-Mei Jiang; Guang-Hui Lv. Soil moisture and salinity as main drivers of soil respiration across natural xeromorphic vegetation and agricultural lands in an arid desert region. CATENA 2019, 177, 126 -133.
AMA StyleXiao-Dong Yang, Arshad Ali, Yi-Lu Xu, La-Mei Jiang, Guang-Hui Lv. Soil moisture and salinity as main drivers of soil respiration across natural xeromorphic vegetation and agricultural lands in an arid desert region. CATENA. 2019; 177 ():126-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Dong Yang; Arshad Ali; Yi-Lu Xu; La-Mei Jiang; Guang-Hui Lv. 2019. "Soil moisture and salinity as main drivers of soil respiration across natural xeromorphic vegetation and agricultural lands in an arid desert region." CATENA 177, no. : 126-133.
In an arid region, water is the limiting factor for the performance of plants and, hence, the input of water significantly affects the ecological processes. Although the dew phenomenon often occurs in the desert, whether plants can absorb and utilise this water source is still unknown. In this study, we tested the effects of 3 amounts of dew, that is, total natural amount of dew, half amount of natural dew, and no amount of (zero) dew, in order to investigate variations in functional traits and demographic traits in relation to the life history of an ephemeral plant Lappula semiglabra. Results showed that variations in functional traits including plant height, crown area, leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate were significantly increased with increasing dew amount. Leaf water potential was significantly decreased, whereas root length and root diameter showed no significant differences among 3 amounts of dew. Demographic traits including survival rate, survival, total age, and mean life expectancy increased with increasing dew amount, whereas the vanish rate percentage, mortality rate, mortality, and fatal number decreased. In combination, our results showed that leaf and stem traits L. semiglabra related to dew absorption increased with increasing of dew amount, and hence, obtained more water, whereas root traits related to uptake of soil water remain unchanged. We conclude that leaves and stem of L. semiglabra can absorb and efficiently utilise dew as a water resource for better suitability in the arid desert region.
Xiao-Dong Yang; Guang-Hui Lv; Arshad Ali; Qi-Yang Ran; Xue-Wei Gong; Fei Wang; Zhi-Dong Liu; Lu Qin; Wei-Guo Liu. Experimental variations in functional and demographic traits ofLappula semiglabraamong dew amount treatments in an arid region. Ecohydrology 2017, 10, e1858 .
AMA StyleXiao-Dong Yang, Guang-Hui Lv, Arshad Ali, Qi-Yang Ran, Xue-Wei Gong, Fei Wang, Zhi-Dong Liu, Lu Qin, Wei-Guo Liu. Experimental variations in functional and demographic traits ofLappula semiglabraamong dew amount treatments in an arid region. Ecohydrology. 2017; 10 (6):e1858.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Dong Yang; Guang-Hui Lv; Arshad Ali; Qi-Yang Ran; Xue-Wei Gong; Fei Wang; Zhi-Dong Liu; Lu Qin; Wei-Guo Liu. 2017. "Experimental variations in functional and demographic traits ofLappula semiglabraamong dew amount treatments in an arid region." Ecohydrology 10, no. 6: e1858.