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Paula Antunes
CENSE – Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal

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Journal article
Published: 30 July 2021 in Sustainability
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In Southern Patagonia, grasslands are the principal food resource for sheep reared for meat and wool as the main provisioning ecosystem services (ES). The main objective of this study was to model lamb and wool production as provisioning ES at a regional scale using climatic, topographic, and vegetation variables from sheep farms across Santa Cruz province. At a regional level, animal yield ranged from 0.25 to 0.69 g lamb/m2/yr and 0.10 to 0.19 g greasy wool/m2/yr. We used multiple regression models to produce maps of lamb and wool provisioning ES across Santa Cruz province. The model for variation of lamb production explained 96% of the variance in the data and the most significant predictor variables were temperature seasonality, normalized vegetation index (NVDI, dimensionless), and desertification index. The most important variables for the model of greasy wool production were isothermality, temperature seasonality, and NVDI, which together explained 98% of the variance. The lowest CF values of both products (lamb and wool) were located in more productive grasslands. There were differences in lamb and wool production across vegetation types with the highest values being located in more productive grasslands (0.51 g lamb/m2/yr in Nothofagus antarctica forest and 0.15 g greasy wool/m2/yr in Magellanic grass steppe and N. antarctica). Lamb and greasy wool yields decreased with desertification gradient due to erosion processes. The main limitation of the model is related to the data availability at landscape level, which must be improved in future studies by accounting for soil type, fertility, and soil water content. The results of lamb and wool production found in the present work assist in characterizing the provisioning ES ecosystem of livestock products in Southern Patagonia. The successful management of livestock becomes an important challenge to the commercial and policy communities to satisfy society’s need for food and wool products under sustainable grassland management.

ACS Style

Pablo Peri; Yamina Rosas; Emilio Rivera; Guillermo Pastur. Lamb and Wool Provisioning Ecosystem Services in Southern Patagonia. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8544 .

AMA Style

Pablo Peri, Yamina Rosas, Emilio Rivera, Guillermo Pastur. Lamb and Wool Provisioning Ecosystem Services in Southern Patagonia. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8544.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pablo Peri; Yamina Rosas; Emilio Rivera; Guillermo Pastur. 2021. "Lamb and Wool Provisioning Ecosystem Services in Southern Patagonia." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8544.

Article
Published: 27 July 2021 in New Forests
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In forests affected by heavy fires and continuous grazing of exotic herbivorous mammal species, Nothofagus pumilio (lenga) cannot recover naturally. The main factors that hinder the natural recovery of these forests and the feasibility of native tree plantations are the exotic herbivorous pressure, like that produced by Lepus europaeus (European hare), and the environment degradation degree by anthropic disturbances. The objective of this study was to evaluate different plantation efforts to recover N. pumilio forests degraded by fires in Chilean Patagonia. The plantation actions also included wire fences for sapling protection in 100 ha, where 60 ha were established during autumn (May 2012), and 40 ha were established during spring (October 2012). In March 2013 we recorded the height annual growth (cm year−1), the section browsed at each sapling, the modification of plant form (number of new branches), and the vigor expression. We evaluated the data using one- and two-way ANOVAs, Cohen’s d effect size, and chi-square analyses. We measured a total of 872 plants, where 42% presented damages caused by European hare browsing. These results indicated that the wire fences were not completely useful to stop the damage on saplings (Cohen’s d effect size = < 0.2). We also found that autumn plantations were more susceptible to damage than those established during spring. European hares predominantly browsed on a particular sapling section: the apical buds. As a consequence, the browsed saplings had lower height growth than undamaged ones. These outputs highlight the need to explore and implement alternative actions for the rehabilitation of these degraded deciduous forests, to achieve the objectives of sustainable management or to recover the natural ecosystem functions.

ACS Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Álvaro Promis; Mónica Toro-Manríquez; María Vanessa Lencinas; Guillermo Martínez Pastur; Matías Río. Rehabilitation of Nothofagus pumilio forests in Chilean Patagonia: can fencing and planting season effectively protect against exotic European hare browsing? New Forests 2021, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Álvaro Promis, Mónica Toro-Manríquez, María Vanessa Lencinas, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, Matías Río. Rehabilitation of Nothofagus pumilio forests in Chilean Patagonia: can fencing and planting season effectively protect against exotic European hare browsing? New Forests. 2021; ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Álvaro Promis; Mónica Toro-Manríquez; María Vanessa Lencinas; Guillermo Martínez Pastur; Matías Río. 2021. "Rehabilitation of Nothofagus pumilio forests in Chilean Patagonia: can fencing and planting season effectively protect against exotic European hare browsing?" New Forests , no. : 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2021 in Diversity
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Alpine environments and their temporal changes are rarely studied at high latitudes in the southern hemisphere. We analyzed alpine plants, soil temperatures, and growing-season length in mountains of two landscapes of South Patagonia (46° to 56° SL): three summits (814–1085 m a.s.l) surrounded by foothill grasslands in Santa Cruz province (SC), and four summits (634–864 m a.s.l.) in sub-Antarctic forests of Tierra del Fuego province (TF). Sampling followed the protocolized methodology of the Global Observational Research Initiative in Alpine Environments (GLORIA). Factors were topography (elevation and cardinal aspect) and time (baseline vs. re-sampling for plants, five annual periods for temperatures), assessed by univariate and multivariate tests. Plant composition reflected the lowland surrounding landscapes, with only 9 mountain species on 52 totals in SC and 3 on 30 in TF. Richness was higher in re-sampling than baseline, being assemblages more influenced by aspect than elevation. Mean annual soil temperature and growing-season length, which varied with topography, were related to the Multivariate El Niño Southern Oscillation Index (MEI) but did not show clear warming trends over time. We highlight the importance of long-term studies in mountainous regions of extreme southern latitudes, where factors other than warming (e.g., extreme climate events) explain variations.

ACS Style

María Lencinas; Rosina Soler; Juan Cellini; Héctor Bahamonde; Magalí Pérez Flores; Lucas Monelos; Guillermo Martínez Pastur; Pablo Peri. Variation in Alpine Plant Diversity and Soil Temperatures in Two Mountain Landscapes of South Patagonia. Diversity 2021, 13, 310 .

AMA Style

María Lencinas, Rosina Soler, Juan Cellini, Héctor Bahamonde, Magalí Pérez Flores, Lucas Monelos, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, Pablo Peri. Variation in Alpine Plant Diversity and Soil Temperatures in Two Mountain Landscapes of South Patagonia. Diversity. 2021; 13 (7):310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Lencinas; Rosina Soler; Juan Cellini; Héctor Bahamonde; Magalí Pérez Flores; Lucas Monelos; Guillermo Martínez Pastur; Pablo Peri. 2021. "Variation in Alpine Plant Diversity and Soil Temperatures in Two Mountain Landscapes of South Patagonia." Diversity 13, no. 7: 310.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Sustainability
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North American beavers (Castor canadensis) are responsible for the major changes in the Tierra del Fuego Archipelago, altering riparian forests for the long-term. Passive restoration of the areas affected was ineffective in the medium-term (up to 20 years), being necessary active strategies. Plantations in abandoned ponds were made with Nothofagus pumilio and N. antarctica tree species across Tierra del Fuego island (Argentina). In the first experiment, we analysed the influence of biotic and abiotic factors in three micro-habitats in the impacted areas: front and tail of ponds, and cut not-flooded forest areas. Five-years-old N. pumilio seedlings had 39% survival in front, 21% in tails, and 46% in cut areas at year-3 of the restoration experiments, being negatively influenced by plant cover and soil moisture. Lower growth was recorded during year-1 (0.7–0.9 cm yr−1), but increased on time (1.9 cm yr−1 front, 1.6 cm yr−1 tail, 4.3 cm yr−1 cut areas). A second experiment explores the alternative to substitute the tree species to face the harder conditions of the impact and climate change. For this, we conducted a new plantation at four locations across the main bioclimatic zones, where 10–40 cm N. antarctica plants attained 17% survival in meadows (front and tail) and 30% in cut areas, being higher with larger than smaller plants (25% vs. 18%), and where they are mainly influenced by rainfall (4% in sites 400 mm yr−1). The main damage was detected in the above-ground biomass due to dryness, but root survival allowed the emergence of new shoots in the following growing season. It is necessary to monitor different Nothofagus species across natural environments in the landscape to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of different strategies in restoration plans, considering the selection of climate-resilient tree species.

ACS Style

Guillermo Pastur; Juan Cellini; María Lencinas; Yamina Rosas; Jonathan Henn; Pablo Peri. Landscape Variables Influence over Active Restoration Strategies of Nothofagus Forests Degraded by Invasive Castor canadensis in Tierra del Fuego. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7541 .

AMA Style

Guillermo Pastur, Juan Cellini, María Lencinas, Yamina Rosas, Jonathan Henn, Pablo Peri. Landscape Variables Influence over Active Restoration Strategies of Nothofagus Forests Degraded by Invasive Castor canadensis in Tierra del Fuego. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7541.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillermo Pastur; Juan Cellini; María Lencinas; Yamina Rosas; Jonathan Henn; Pablo Peri. 2021. "Landscape Variables Influence over Active Restoration Strategies of Nothofagus Forests Degraded by Invasive Castor canadensis in Tierra del Fuego." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7541.

Chapter
Published: 30 April 2021 in Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia
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Land use planning is mainly based on monetary values of provisioning ecosystem services (ES). However, many other non-monetary ES and biodiversity provide values for human well-being, and it should be included in the decision-making. The objective of this chapter was to characterize different ES (provisioning, cultural, supporting, regulating) and potential biodiversity in different forest types in Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina. We map and extract information for provision of ES and biodiversity and compare them through univariate and multivariate methods. We found that each forest type showed different potential biodiversity that determines the need of specific conservation and management strategies. Forest types presented different types and levels of provision of the studied ES, where several synergies and trade-offs were observed according to the current economic activities. Beside this, ES and potential biodiversity of the forests are not equally represented in the currently protected natural reserve network, compared to the values at landscape level. These outputs can be used to improve the current land use planning and the effectiveness of conservation at landscape level.

ACS Style

Josela Carrasco; Yamina Micaela Rosas; María Vanessa Lencinas; Andrés Bortoluzzi; Pablo L. Peri; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Synergies and Trade-Offs Among Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in Different Forest Types Inside and Off-Reserve in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia 2021, 75 -97.

AMA Style

Josela Carrasco, Yamina Micaela Rosas, María Vanessa Lencinas, Andrés Bortoluzzi, Pablo L. Peri, Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Synergies and Trade-Offs Among Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in Different Forest Types Inside and Off-Reserve in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia. 2021; ():75-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Josela Carrasco; Yamina Micaela Rosas; María Vanessa Lencinas; Andrés Bortoluzzi; Pablo L. Peri; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. 2021. "Synergies and Trade-Offs Among Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in Different Forest Types Inside and Off-Reserve in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina." Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia , no. : 75-97.

Full paper
Published: 29 April 2021 in Circular Economy and Sustainability
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This paper describes a collaborative process engaging key stakeholders to co-create a shared vision for 2035 and a roadmap for action to support a circular economy transition in the packaging of the food and beverages sector in Portugal. Although the need to engage stakeholders is widely acknowledged, few collaborative initiatives can be found in the literature for scoping and visioning of circular economy strategies. Three main stages are broadly proposed to conduct a participatory scoping and visioning process, including the conduction of exploratory interviews and a collaborative visioning workshop supported by desk-based research. Engaging agents from across the value chain and from critical knowledge fields allowed to create a common understanding of major challenges, opportunities, and key circular strategies to implement towards a desired vision of the future. Five main areas of action were identified: innovation and research, new business models; eco-design; marketing and communication; and regulation and incentives. This work allowed to draw useful lessons for the sector: (i) there is a great potential of circularity in the food and beverages packaging sector; (ii) the engaged stakeholders have the will to continue collaborating. Regarding the proposed process: (i) a process of this nature allows the co-creation of a shared vision and the definition of a roadmap to achieve it and (ii) engaging stakeholders from all the value chain in structured discussions and collaborative exercises may contribute to promote social learning and knowledge co-creation. Some limitations can be pointed out; an important one is the dependency on stakeholders’ engagement, which could bring additional challenges when implementing a process of this nature. Although the process can be applied in different contexts and sectors, the obtained results are specific for this sector in the Portuguese context.

ACS Style

Rita Lopes; Rui Santos; Nuno Videira; Paula Antunes. Co-creating a Vision and Roadmap for Circular Economy in the Food and Beverages Packaging Sector. Circular Economy and Sustainability 2021, 1 -21.

AMA Style

Rita Lopes, Rui Santos, Nuno Videira, Paula Antunes. Co-creating a Vision and Roadmap for Circular Economy in the Food and Beverages Packaging Sector. Circular Economy and Sustainability. 2021; ():1-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Lopes; Rui Santos; Nuno Videira; Paula Antunes. 2021. "Co-creating a Vision and Roadmap for Circular Economy in the Food and Beverages Packaging Sector." Circular Economy and Sustainability , no. : 1-21.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Remote Sensing of Environment
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Over the course of a year, vegetation and temperature have strong phenological and seasonal patterns, respectively, and many species have adapted to these patterns. High inter-annual variability in the phenology of vegetation and in the seasonality of temperature pose a threat for biodiversity. However, areas with high spatial variability likely have higher ecological resilience where inter-annual variability is high, because spatial variability indicates presence of a range of resources, microclimatic refugia, and habitat conditions. The integration of inter-annual and spatial variability is thus important for biodiversity conservation. Areas where spatial variability is low and inter-annual variability is high are likely to limit resilience to disturbance. In contrast, areas of high spatial variability may be high priority candidates for protection. Our goal was to develop spatio-temporal remotely sensed indices to identify hotspots of biodiversity conservation concern. We generated indices that capture the inter-annual and spatial variability of vegetation greenness and land surface temperature and integrated them to identify areas of high, medium, and low biodiversity conservation concern. We applied our method in Argentina (2.8 million km2), a country with a wide range of climates and biomes. To generate the inter-annual variability indices, we analyzed MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) time series from 2001 to 2018, fitted curves to obtain annual phenological and seasonal metrics, and calculated their inter-annual variability. To generate the spatial variability indices, we calculated standard deviation image texture of Landsat 8 EVI and LST. When we integrated our inter-annual and spatial variability indices, areas in the northeast and parts of southern Argentina were the hotspots of highest conservation concern. High inter-annual variability poses a threat in these areas, because spatial variability is low. These are areas where management efforts could be valuable. In contrast, areas in the northwest and central-west are where protection should be strongly considered because the high spatial variability may confer resilience to disturbance, due to the variety of conditions and resources within close proximity. We developed remotely sensed indices to identify hotspots of high and low conservation concern at scales relevant to biodiversity conservation, which can be used to target management actions in order to minimize biodiversity loss.

ACS Style

Eduarda M.O. Silveira; Volker C. Radeloff; Sebastian Martinuzzi; Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Luis O. Rivera; Natalia Politi; Leonidas Lizarraga; Laura S. Farwell; Paul R. Elsen; Anna M. Pidgeon. Spatio-temporal remotely sensed indices identify hotspots of biodiversity conservation concern. Remote Sensing of Environment 2021, 258, 112368 .

AMA Style

Eduarda M.O. Silveira, Volker C. Radeloff, Sebastian Martinuzzi, Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Luis O. Rivera, Natalia Politi, Leonidas Lizarraga, Laura S. Farwell, Paul R. Elsen, Anna M. Pidgeon. Spatio-temporal remotely sensed indices identify hotspots of biodiversity conservation concern. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2021; 258 ():112368.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduarda M.O. Silveira; Volker C. Radeloff; Sebastian Martinuzzi; Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Luis O. Rivera; Natalia Politi; Leonidas Lizarraga; Laura S. Farwell; Paul R. Elsen; Anna M. Pidgeon. 2021. "Spatio-temporal remotely sensed indices identify hotspots of biodiversity conservation concern." Remote Sensing of Environment 258, no. : 112368.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2021 in Forest Ecology and Management
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Ecologically sustainable forest management aims to preserve ecosystem integrity by providing wood and non-wood values. For this, it is necessary to determine the losses produced by the different management practices in natural forest resilience. The aim was to determine changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and human impacts generated by rural timber, pastoral and silvopastoral uses in managed, unmanaged, and transformed Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina), as well as in some associated environments (grasslands). We sampled 145 sites to determine landscape characterization, microclimate, soil properties, debris, forest structure and regeneration under different conditions: (i) six phases of natural forest dynamic (even-and uneven-aged), (ii) four types of management and conversion alternatives with and without natural regeneration, and (iii) forest edges and grasslands. Main results showed that stand characteristics (abiotic, soil, forest structure, and regeneration) did not significantly change along the different natural forest phases in even- and uneven-aged structures. However, many studied variables strongly varied depending on harvesting intensities and fire occurrence. The magnitude of these changes was directly related to the impact degree. Multivariate analyses showed a close relationship among the different natural forest phases, and how stands with harvesting or different conversion intensity differ from the control stands, or how much they become similar to openlands. Through different indexes, we related the modifications of the stand characteristics with the magnitude and direction of the changes. Then, these could be used to propose sustainable forest management strategies in the framework of silvopastoral systems.

ACS Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Yamina M. Rosas; Jimena Chaves; Juan M. Cellini; Marcelo D. Barrera; Santiago Favoretti; María V. Lencinas; Pablo L. Peri. Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests. Forest Ecology and Management 2021, 486, 118973 .

AMA Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Yamina M. Rosas, Jimena Chaves, Juan M. Cellini, Marcelo D. Barrera, Santiago Favoretti, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri. Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 2021; 486 ():118973.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Yamina M. Rosas; Jimena Chaves; Juan M. Cellini; Marcelo D. Barrera; Santiago Favoretti; María V. Lencinas; Pablo L. Peri. 2021. "Changes in forest structure values along the natural cycle and different management strategies in Nothofagus antarctica forests." Forest Ecology and Management 486, no. : 118973.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2021 in Land
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The majority of Europeans live in cities, where parks as components of Urban Green Spaces (UGSs) play an important role in well-being and the provision of ecosystem services (ES). UGSs are especially relevant for the implementation of the United Nations (UN) Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals “Good health and wellbeing” (Goal 3) and “Sustainable cities and communities” (Goal 11). This study focused on ES use and users’ motives, which were surveyed during visits at central parks in the cities Leipzig, Coimbra and Vilnius. Park visitors used 17 different ES, dominated by physical interactions such as walking or biking, followed by experiential and aesthetical ES and ES linked to social relations. Age of visitors, cultural setting and distance to homes influenced ES use in the parks differently in each city, limiting the transferability of park­–user behaviour or motivations across different spatial and cultural contexts. Results also indicate that aligning sustainability objectives and usability, good accessibility of urban parks plays a central role and encourages the use of non-motorized or public transport for park visits. Concrete information about UGS user motivation and behaviour generated in this and similar studies contributes to convert the UN Agenda 2030 strategies at the municipal level into sustainability and user-oriented design and management of UGS.

ACS Style

Jörg Priess; Luis Pinto; Ieva Misiune; Julia Palliwoda. Ecosystem Service Use and the Motivations for Use in Central Parks in Three European Cities. Land 2021, 10, 154 .

AMA Style

Jörg Priess, Luis Pinto, Ieva Misiune, Julia Palliwoda. Ecosystem Service Use and the Motivations for Use in Central Parks in Three European Cities. Land. 2021; 10 (2):154.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jörg Priess; Luis Pinto; Ieva Misiune; Julia Palliwoda. 2021. "Ecosystem Service Use and the Motivations for Use in Central Parks in Three European Cities." Land 10, no. 2: 154.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2021 in Land
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Cattle grazing and fire are common types of management on natural ecosystems, generating several threats to the conservation of native vegetation (e.g., changes in species richness, cover, and abundance, mainly of bovine-palatable species). In this work, we analysed the response of the structure and composition of vegetation managed with different cattle stocking rates and fire in the savanna ecosystems of Colombia. The study was located in the eastern area of the Llanos region, where savannas were subjected to grazing and burning. Regarding grazing, we classified the area according to the cattle stocking rate (Bos indicus ~300 kg): NG = non-grazed, LS = low stocking rate (0.5 ind ha−1 yr−1), and HS = high stocking rate (1.0 ind ha−1 yr−1). Controlled artificial burning was applied in all the area at the beginning of the study, and surveys were conducted in the same plots at pre-burn (t0) and four post-burn times (t1, t2, t3, t4), at 15, 45, 75 and 105 days after burning. Vegetation composition (species list, life-form, palatability) and structure (bare soil and vascular plant ground covers, species height and richness) were recorded at each sampling. Data were compared through ANOVAs and multivariate analyses. We found 53 species in total: 26 in the pre-burn treatment and 44 in the post-burn treatments, detecting an increase of 18 species considering all treatments. Seven natives and two exotic species represented the dominant cover (>50%). LS and HS had the highest number of palatable species in t0 (seven species) compared with NG (two species), but this became similar after burning (14 species in NG, 12 in LS, and 11 in HS). ANOVAs and multivariate analyses showed that plant assemblages were significantly different according to the grazing treatment, and more homogeneous in pre-burn than in post-burn periods. Cattle grazing favored higher covers of dominant palatable species (e.g., Axonopus purpusii) compared with NG, but many native species with high palatability only recovered within the system after burning. In the context of the current management proposals, the search for new alternatives other than intensive cattle grazing and burning is needed to reconcile human production activities, international commitments against climate change and biodiversity conservation in the savanna landscapes.

ACS Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Brigitte L. G. Baptiste Ballera; Mónica D. R. Toro-Manríquez; María V. Lencinas; Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Hugoberto Huertas Ramírez. Changes in Vegetation of Flooded Savannas Subject to Cattle Grazing and Fire in Plains of Colombia. Land 2021, 10, 108 .

AMA Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Brigitte L. G. Baptiste Ballera, Mónica D. R. Toro-Manríquez, María V. Lencinas, Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Hugoberto Huertas Ramírez. Changes in Vegetation of Flooded Savannas Subject to Cattle Grazing and Fire in Plains of Colombia. Land. 2021; 10 (2):108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Brigitte L. G. Baptiste Ballera; Mónica D. R. Toro-Manríquez; María V. Lencinas; Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Hugoberto Huertas Ramírez. 2021. "Changes in Vegetation of Flooded Savannas Subject to Cattle Grazing and Fire in Plains of Colombia." Land 10, no. 2: 108.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Ecology and Society
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ACS Style

Julia Palliwoda; Joerg A. Priess. What do people value in urban green? Linking characteristics of urban green spaces to users’ perceptions of nature benefits, disturbances, and disservices. Ecology and Society 2021, 26, 1 .

AMA Style

Julia Palliwoda, Joerg A. Priess. What do people value in urban green? Linking characteristics of urban green spaces to users’ perceptions of nature benefits, disturbances, and disservices. Ecology and Society. 2021; 26 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Palliwoda; Joerg A. Priess. 2021. "What do people value in urban green? Linking characteristics of urban green spaces to users’ perceptions of nature benefits, disturbances, and disservices." Ecology and Society 26, no. 1: 1.

Report
Published: 01 January 2021 in Open Science bij het INBO
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ACS Style

Floris Vanderhaeghe; Aaike De Wever; Lien Reyserhove; Peter Desmet; Thierry Onkelinx; Bart Goossens; Saskia Wanner; Gerrit Genouw; Lymke Janssens; Francis Turkelboom; Toon Van Daele. Open Science bij het INBO. Open Science bij het INBO 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Floris Vanderhaeghe, Aaike De Wever, Lien Reyserhove, Peter Desmet, Thierry Onkelinx, Bart Goossens, Saskia Wanner, Gerrit Genouw, Lymke Janssens, Francis Turkelboom, Toon Van Daele. Open Science bij het INBO. Open Science bij het INBO. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Floris Vanderhaeghe; Aaike De Wever; Lien Reyserhove; Peter Desmet; Thierry Onkelinx; Bart Goossens; Saskia Wanner; Gerrit Genouw; Lymke Janssens; Francis Turkelboom; Toon Van Daele. 2021. "Open Science bij het INBO." Open Science bij het INBO , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Land
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Green infrastructure is a strategically planned network of natural and semi-natural areas, including green and blue spaces and other ecosystems, designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services at various scales. Apart from the ecological functions, green infrastructure, as a planning tool, contributes to social and economic benefits, leading to the achievement of sustainable, resilient, inclusive and competitive urban areas. Despite recent developments, there is still no consensus among researchers and practitioners regarding the concept of green infrastructure as well as its implementation approaches, which makes it often difficult for urban planners and other professionals in the field to develop a robust green infrastructure in some parts of the world. To address this issue, an integrative literature review was conducted to identify which green infrastructure planning principles should be acknowledged in spatial planning practices to promote sustainability and resilience. As a result of this literature review, the most common eight green infrastructure planning principles were selected—connectivity, multifunctionality, applicability, integration, diversity, multiscale, governance, and continuity. These principles intend to promote and simplify the development and use of green infrastructure by different academic and implementation organizations and provide a more defined model for sustainable landscape management in order to help practitioners and decision makers during the conceptualization and planning of green infrastructure.

ACS Style

Renato Monteiro; José C. Ferreira; Paula Antunes. Green Infrastructure Planning Principles: An Integrated Literature Review. Land 2020, 9, 525 .

AMA Style

Renato Monteiro, José C. Ferreira, Paula Antunes. Green Infrastructure Planning Principles: An Integrated Literature Review. Land. 2020; 9 (12):525.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renato Monteiro; José C. Ferreira; Paula Antunes. 2020. "Green Infrastructure Planning Principles: An Integrated Literature Review." Land 9, no. 12: 525.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Journal for Nature Conservation
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Understanding human influence on ecosystems and their services is crucial to achieve sustainable development and ensure the conservation of biodiversity. In this context, the human footprint index (HFI) represents the anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems and the natural environment. Our objective was to characterize the HFI in Southern Patagonia (Argentina) across the landscape, qualifying the differences among the main ecological areas and especially the forested landscapes. We also assessed the potential utility of HFI to identify priority conservation areas according to their wilderness quality and potential biodiversity values. We created a HFI map (scores varied from 0 representing high wilderness quality to 1 representing maximum human impact) using variables related to direct (e.g. infrastructure) and indirect (e.g. derived from economic activities) human impacts, including settlements, accessibility, oil industry, and sheep production. HFI varied significantly across the natural landscapes, being lower (0.07−0.11) in remote ecosystems close to the Andes Mountains and higher (0.38−0.40) in southern areas close to the provincial capital city. Forested landscapes presented different impact values, which were directly related to the economical values of the different forest types. We determined that the current protected area network is not equally distributed across the different ecological areas and forest types. Priority conservation areas were also identified using the fragmentation produced by the human impact, the patch size, and the potential biodiversity values. HFI can present high compatibility with other land-use management decision making tools, acting as a complement to the existing tools for conservation planning or management.

ACS Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas; Pablo L. Peri; Anna M. Pidgeon; Natalia Politi; Julieta Pedrana; Ricardo Díaz-Delgado; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Human footprint defining conservation strategies in Patagonian landscapes: Where we are and where we want to go? Journal for Nature Conservation 2020, 59, 125946 .

AMA Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas, Pablo L. Peri, Anna M. Pidgeon, Natalia Politi, Julieta Pedrana, Ricardo Díaz-Delgado, Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Human footprint defining conservation strategies in Patagonian landscapes: Where we are and where we want to go? Journal for Nature Conservation. 2020; 59 ():125946.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas; Pablo L. Peri; Anna M. Pidgeon; Natalia Politi; Julieta Pedrana; Ricardo Díaz-Delgado; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. 2020. "Human footprint defining conservation strategies in Patagonian landscapes: Where we are and where we want to go?" Journal for Nature Conservation 59, no. : 125946.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Flanders (Belgium) is one of the most densely populated regions in Europe. Intensive land use, widespread suburbanization, inadequate environmental qualities, and fragmentation everywhere deteriorate living conditions and put pressure on species and natural habitats. In the past, several governmental initiatives were launched to establish a coherent ecological network to improve the situation. Despite the set objectives, only a little progress was made. Therefore, to establish green infrastructure, a new approach that moves away from previous top-down and one-sided strategies is developed. Making use of Green Infrastructure as a boundary concept, interpretation was given through an open and participatory process. The core is the identification of common objectives (ecosystem services or other objectives/services), the selection of appropriate green infrastructure elements to support the services, and the co-design of a network taking the local socio-ecological realm into account. By applying the methodology in concrete urban and rural projects, we learned that establishing strong coalitions of stakeholders, obtaining and sharing reliable knowledge of the systems are key to an effective realization of green infrastructure.

ACS Style

Jasmien Smets; Geert De Blust; Wim Verheyden; Saskia Wanner; Maarten Van Acker; Francis Turkelboom. Starting a Participative Approach to Develop Local Green Infrastructure; from Boundary Concept to Collective Action. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10107 .

AMA Style

Jasmien Smets, Geert De Blust, Wim Verheyden, Saskia Wanner, Maarten Van Acker, Francis Turkelboom. Starting a Participative Approach to Develop Local Green Infrastructure; from Boundary Concept to Collective Action. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10107.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jasmien Smets; Geert De Blust; Wim Verheyden; Saskia Wanner; Maarten Van Acker; Francis Turkelboom. 2020. "Starting a Participative Approach to Develop Local Green Infrastructure; from Boundary Concept to Collective Action." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10107.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Parks
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Giulia Iannuzzi; João Mourato; Rui Santos. Towards a multidimensional framework to assess the social and ecological fit of institutional arrangements for private protected areas. Parks 2020, 7 -22.

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Giulia Iannuzzi, João Mourato, Rui Santos. Towards a multidimensional framework to assess the social and ecological fit of institutional arrangements for private protected areas. Parks. 2020; (26.2):7-22.

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Giulia Iannuzzi; João Mourato; Rui Santos. 2020. "Towards a multidimensional framework to assess the social and ecological fit of institutional arrangements for private protected areas." Parks , no. 26.2: 7-22.

Research article
Published: 24 November 2020 in PLoS ONE
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Bryophytes (liverworts, mosses and hornworts) are one of the most diverse plant groups worldwide but one of the least studied in temperate forests from an ecological perspective. In comparison to vascular plants, bryophytes have a broader distribution and a longer altitudinal gradient, and their influence on the landscape is poorly understood. The objective was to evaluate environmental drivers that can influence bryophyte cover, richness, diversity, and nestedness in different forest canopy compositions in two typical landscapes across the natural distribution of bryophytes in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Three natural Nothofagus forest types (pure deciduous, pure evergreen, and mixed deciduous-evergreen) in two landscapes (coasts < 100 m.a.s.l. and mountains > 400 m.a.s.l.) were selected (N = 60 plots). In each plot, we established one transect (10 m length) to measure bryophyte cover (point-intercept method). Data were evaluated using generalized linear mixed models and multivariate analyses. The studied environmental drivers were mainly explained by the microclimate, with higher effective annual precipitation and relative air humidity in the coastal forests and higher soil moisture in the mountain forests. Greater liverwort richness was found in evergreen forests at the mountain (9 species) than at the coastal, while mosses showed higher richness in mixed deciduous-evergreen forests at the coastal (11 species) than at the mountain. However, the expected richness according to the rarefaction/extrapolation curves suggested that it is possible to record additional species, except for liverworts in pure deciduous forests on the coasts. Similarities and differences among the studied forest types and among plots of the same forest type and landscape were detected. These differences in the studied indexes (similarity that varied between 0 and 1) ranged from 0.09–0.48 for liverworts and 0.05–0.65 for mosses. Moreover, these results indicated that pure evergreen and mixed deciduous-evergreen forests presented higher moss cover (10.7% and 10.0%, respectively), mainly in the mountains than on the coast. These outputs highlight the need to explore differences at greater altitudinal ranges to achieve sustainability objectives conservation planning for bryophytes in southernmost forests.

ACS Style

Mónica D. R. Toro Manríquez; Víctor Ardiles; Álvaro Promis; Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Rosina Soler; María Vanessa Lencinas; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Forest canopy-cover composition and landscape influence on bryophyte communities in Nothofagus forests of southern Patagonia. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0232922 .

AMA Style

Mónica D. R. Toro Manríquez, Víctor Ardiles, Álvaro Promis, Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Rosina Soler, María Vanessa Lencinas, Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Forest canopy-cover composition and landscape influence on bryophyte communities in Nothofagus forests of southern Patagonia. PLoS ONE. 2020; 15 (11):e0232922.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mónica D. R. Toro Manríquez; Víctor Ardiles; Álvaro Promis; Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Rosina Soler; María Vanessa Lencinas; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. 2020. "Forest canopy-cover composition and landscape influence on bryophyte communities in Nothofagus forests of southern Patagonia." PLoS ONE 15, no. 11: e0232922.

Chapter
Published: 09 October 2020 in Soil and Recycling Management in the Anthropocene Era
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The role of biodiversity in natural forests is critical as a regulator of ecosystem function, productivity, and provision of ecosystem services. The objective was to analyse the conservation value of Nothofagus forests in Southern Patagonia (Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego provinces), Argentina, through integration of maps of potential biodiversity (MPB) and human footprint (HFM), which can help to improve the natural reserve designs through the spatial prioritization of their conservation values. To achieve the, first we determine that the different forest types presented different species assemblage with specific ecological niche requirements which justify differential conservation or management strategies. We used understory plants as proxy, and we selected indicator species of the understory plants for the following analyses. With these species we produce the MPB, and we found that the occurrence of MPB differ from the pattern of HFM according to the different forest types. After that, we identify woodland patches with special values of MPB and low HFM according to the different forest types, and analyzed if the distribution of MPB of the different forest types changed across the current natural protected reserve network, private and public lands. Finally, with these outputs, we propose new methodologies to enhance the current natural reserve network effectiveness. These outputs can be used as a tool to determine new strategies for management and conservation at landscape level in Southern Patagonia.

ACS Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas; Pablo L. Peri; Josela Carrasco; María Lencinas; Anna M. Pidgeon; Natalia Politi; Sebastián Martinuzzi; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Improving Potential Biodiversity and Human Footprint in Nothofagus Forests of Southern Patagonia through the Spatial Prioritization of their Conservation Values. Soil and Recycling Management in the Anthropocene Era 2020, 441 -471.

AMA Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas, Pablo L. Peri, Josela Carrasco, María Lencinas, Anna M. Pidgeon, Natalia Politi, Sebastián Martinuzzi, Guillermo Martínez Pastur. Improving Potential Biodiversity and Human Footprint in Nothofagus Forests of Southern Patagonia through the Spatial Prioritization of their Conservation Values. Soil and Recycling Management in the Anthropocene Era. 2020; ():441-471.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yamina Micaela Rosas; Pablo L. Peri; Josela Carrasco; María Lencinas; Anna M. Pidgeon; Natalia Politi; Sebastián Martinuzzi; Guillermo Martínez Pastur. 2020. "Improving Potential Biodiversity and Human Footprint in Nothofagus Forests of Southern Patagonia through the Spatial Prioritization of their Conservation Values." Soil and Recycling Management in the Anthropocene Era , no. : 441-471.

Original paper
Published: 25 September 2020 in Biodiversity and Conservation
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Usually, stands with aging trees are considered forests with higher conservation values, regardless their structural diversity and other functional attributes. Natural stands present a wide range of age structures, from even-aged stands growing at different development growth phases (e.g. CO = stands at initial or final optimum development growth phase, MD = stands at mature or decaying development growth phases) to uneven-aged stands with mixed development growth phases (e.g. UOG = stands combining mature or decaying development growth phases with initial or final optimum development growth phases, UMD = stands combining only mature and decaying development growth phases). The aim of this work was to compare richness and cover of understory vascular plants of even- and uneven-aged stands of Nothofagus antarctica (ñire) forests in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina), and relate these characteristics with abiotic, soil and forest structure variables. A total of 75 stands were sampled across the natural range distribution of the forests, where understory (point intercept method), forest structure (angle count sampling and eye-fish photos) and environmental (soil) variables were measured. 17 one-way ANOVAs were conducted using Tukey test at p < 0.05 to compare the means. Among forest structure and environmental variables, cover (F = 4.3, p = 0.007), radiation (F = 4.4, p = 0.006), phosphorous (F = 3.9, p = 0.012), tree density (F = 10.3, p < 0.001), tree diameter (F = 10.3, p < 0.001) and stand growth (F = 4.9, p = 0.004) showed significant differences, and in general with a positive or negative trend across the MD—UMD—UOG—CO gradient. Total (F = 6.5, p < 0.001) and native species richness of the understory (F = 7.2, p < 0.001) were significantly different among forest types, where UMD > UOG > MD > CO (17–28 total, and 13–24 native species, respectively). Neither exotic species richness (4–5 species) nor understory cover significantly changed among treatments (total, dicots, ferns and bryophytes). However, monocots cover significantly differed among treatments (F = 3.9, p = 0.012), where UMD > MD > UOG > CO. Finally, indicator species cover for environmental degradation did not present significant differences (F = 2.1, p = 0.106), but they were positive related to forests growing in mature stages. We concluded that uneven-aged stands presented significantly higher conservation values compared to even-aged stands, where mature/decay stands have better conservation values than optimum growth development phases. These findings can be used for better silviculture practices that combine silvopastoral use and conservation strategies.

ACS Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Yamina M. Rosas; Juan M. Cellini; Marcelo D. Barrera; Mónica Toro Manríquez; Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Santiago Favoretti Bondar; María V. Lencinas; Pablo L. Peri. Conservation values of understory vascular plants in even- and uneven-aged Nothofagus antarctica forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 2020, 1 -23.

AMA Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Yamina M. Rosas, Juan M. Cellini, Marcelo D. Barrera, Mónica Toro Manríquez, Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Santiago Favoretti Bondar, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri. Conservation values of understory vascular plants in even- and uneven-aged Nothofagus antarctica forests. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2020; ():1-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur; Yamina M. Rosas; Juan M. Cellini; Marcelo D. Barrera; Mónica Toro Manríquez; Alejandro Huertas Herrera; Santiago Favoretti Bondar; María V. Lencinas; Pablo L. Peri. 2020. "Conservation values of understory vascular plants in even- and uneven-aged Nothofagus antarctica forests." Biodiversity and Conservation , no. : 1-23.

Perspective
Published: 11 September 2020 in Ambio
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Conservation efforts are increasingly supported by ecosystem service assessments. These assessments depend on complex multi-disciplinary methods, and rely on a number of assumptions which reduce complexity. If assumptions are ambiguous or inadequate, misconceptions and misinterpretations may arise when interpreting results of assessments. An interdisciplinary understanding of assumptions in ecosystem service science is needed to provide consistent conservation recommendations. Here, we synthesise and elaborate on 12 prevalent types of assumptions in ecosystem service assessments. These comprise conceptual and ethical foundations of the ecosystem service concept, assumptions on data collection, indication, mapping, and modelling, on socio-economic valuation and value aggregation, as well as about using assessment results for decision-making. We recommend future assessments to increase transparency about assumptions, and to test and validate them and their potential consequences on assessment reliability. This will support the taking up of assessment results in conservation science, policy and practice.

ACS Style

Matthias Schröter; Emilie Crouzat; Lisanne Hölting; Julian Massenberg; Julian Rode; Mario Hanisch; Nadja Kabisch; Julia Palliwoda; Jörg A. Priess; Ralf Seppelt; Michael Beckmann. Assumptions in ecosystem service assessments: Increasing transparency for conservation. Ambio 2020, 50, 289 -300.

AMA Style

Matthias Schröter, Emilie Crouzat, Lisanne Hölting, Julian Massenberg, Julian Rode, Mario Hanisch, Nadja Kabisch, Julia Palliwoda, Jörg A. Priess, Ralf Seppelt, Michael Beckmann. Assumptions in ecosystem service assessments: Increasing transparency for conservation. Ambio. 2020; 50 (2):289-300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthias Schröter; Emilie Crouzat; Lisanne Hölting; Julian Massenberg; Julian Rode; Mario Hanisch; Nadja Kabisch; Julia Palliwoda; Jörg A. Priess; Ralf Seppelt; Michael Beckmann. 2020. "Assumptions in ecosystem service assessments: Increasing transparency for conservation." Ambio 50, no. 2: 289-300.