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Rice husk ash is one of the most widely studied biomass ashes used in pozzolanic addition. Given its lower silica content, rice straw ash (RSA) has been explored less often, despite the fact that, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), rice straw (RS) production is estimated at 600 million tons/year. In this work, RSA was physically and chemically characterized, and its pozzolanic properties were assessed. A controlled conditioning, burning, homogenization and grinding procedure was carried out to obtain RSA from RS. Chemical composition, insoluble residue, reactive silica, chloride content and particle size distribution were assessed for ash characterization. To determine RSA pozzolanicity, Frattini, electrical conductivity and pH measurements in an aqueous suspension of hydrated CH/RSA mixtures were obtained. Portland cement (PC) mortars with 15% and 30% RSA substitutions evaluated. The mechanical tests showed specimens with a strength activity index up to 90% and 80% with 15% and 30% RSA, respectively, after 3 days, and these values grew to 107–109% after 90 curing days.
Samantha Hidalgo; Lourdes Soriano; José Monzó; Jordi Payá; Alba Font; Mª Victoria Borrachero. Evaluation of Rice Straw Ash as a Pozzolanic Addition in Cementitious Mixtures. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 773 .
AMA StyleSamantha Hidalgo, Lourdes Soriano, José Monzó, Jordi Payá, Alba Font, Mª Victoria Borrachero. Evaluation of Rice Straw Ash as a Pozzolanic Addition in Cementitious Mixtures. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):773.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamantha Hidalgo; Lourdes Soriano; José Monzó; Jordi Payá; Alba Font; Mª Victoria Borrachero. 2021. "Evaluation of Rice Straw Ash as a Pozzolanic Addition in Cementitious Mixtures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2: 773.
Worldwide cement production is around 4.2 billion tons, and the fabrication of one ton of ordinary Portland cement emits around 900 kg of CO2. Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a byproduct used to produce alkali-activated materials (AAM). BFS production was estimated at about 350 million tons in 2018, and the BFS reuse rate in construction materials of developing countries is low. AAM can reduce CO2 emissions in relation to Portland cement materials: Its use in construction would be a golden opportunity for developing countries in forthcoming decades. The present research aims to formulate AAM destined for future applications in developing countries. Two activators were used: NaOH, Na2CO3, and a mixture of both. The results showed that compressive strengths within the 42–56 MPa range after 28 curing days were obtained for the Na2CO3-activated mortars. The characterization analysis confirmed the presence of hydrotalcite, carbonated phases, CSH and CASH. The economic study showed that Na2CO3 was the cheapest activator in terms of the relative cost per ton and MPa of manufactured mortars. Finally, the environmental benefits of mortars based on this reagent were evidenced, and, in terms of kgCO2 emissions per ton and MPa, the mortars with Na2CO3 yielded 50% lower values than with NaOH.
Nabil Bella; Edwin Gudiel; Lourdes Soriano; Alba Font; María Victoria Borrachero; Jordi Paya; José Maria Monzó. Formulation of Alkali-Activated Slag Binder Destined for Use in Developing Countries. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 9088 .
AMA StyleNabil Bella, Edwin Gudiel, Lourdes Soriano, Alba Font, María Victoria Borrachero, Jordi Paya, José Maria Monzó. Formulation of Alkali-Activated Slag Binder Destined for Use in Developing Countries. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (24):9088.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Bella; Edwin Gudiel; Lourdes Soriano; Alba Font; María Victoria Borrachero; Jordi Paya; José Maria Monzó. 2020. "Formulation of Alkali-Activated Slag Binder Destined for Use in Developing Countries." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24: 9088.
Soil stabilization using cementing materials is a well-known procedure for earth-based building blocks preparation. For the selected binding materials, innovation usually focuses on low carbon systems, many of which are based on alkaline activation. In the present paper, blast furnace slag (BFS) is used as a mineral precursor, and the innovative alkali activator was olive stone biomass ash (OBA). This means that the most important component in CO2 emissions terms, which is the alkali activator, has been replaced with a greener alternative: OBA. The OBA/BFS mixture was used to prepare compacted dolomitic soil blocks. These specimens were mechanically characterized by compression, and water strength coefficient and water absorption were assessed. The microstructure of blocks and the formation of cementing hydrates were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry, respectively. The final compressive strength of the 120-day cured blocks was 27.8 MPa. It was concluded that OBA is a sustainable alkali activator alternative for producing BFS-stabilized soil-compacted blocks: CO2 emissions were 3.3 kgCO2/ton of stabilized soil, which is 96% less than that for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) stabilization.
Jordi Payá; José Monzó; Josefa Roselló; María Borrachero; Alba Font; Lourdes Soriano. Sustainable Soil-Compacted Blocks Containing Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) Activated with Olive Stone BIOMASS Ash (OBA). Sustainability 2020, 12, 9824 .
AMA StyleJordi Payá, José Monzó, Josefa Roselló, María Borrachero, Alba Font, Lourdes Soriano. Sustainable Soil-Compacted Blocks Containing Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) Activated with Olive Stone BIOMASS Ash (OBA). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):9824.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJordi Payá; José Monzó; Josefa Roselló; María Borrachero; Alba Font; Lourdes Soriano. 2020. "Sustainable Soil-Compacted Blocks Containing Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) Activated with Olive Stone BIOMASS Ash (OBA)." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 9824.
Chemistry is an essential science for understanding and developing construction materials.
Alba Font; María Victoria Borrachero; Lourdes Soriano; José Monzó; Ana Mellado; Jordi Payá. New eco-cellular concretes: sustainable and energy-efficient materials. Green Chemistry 2018, 20, 4684 -4694.
AMA StyleAlba Font, María Victoria Borrachero, Lourdes Soriano, José Monzó, Ana Mellado, Jordi Payá. New eco-cellular concretes: sustainable and energy-efficient materials. Green Chemistry. 2018; 20 (20):4684-4694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlba Font; María Victoria Borrachero; Lourdes Soriano; José Monzó; Ana Mellado; Jordi Payá. 2018. "New eco-cellular concretes: sustainable and energy-efficient materials." Green Chemistry 20, no. 20: 4684-4694.
The use of binders as an alternative to Portland cement has gained importance in recent years. Among them, geopolymeric binders, developed by the reaction between an aluminosilicate precursor and a high alkalinity solution, have become one of the most promising alternatives. The activating solution generally comprises waterglass and sodium hydroxide. Since waterglass is the most expensive material and has a high environmental impact, using alternative silica sources will lead to more sustainable binders. Previous studies have successfully used rice husk ash (RHA) as a silica source. This research aims to assess the possibility of using diatomaceous earth (or diatomite) as an alternative silica source, like the previous studies with RHA. Diatomite is a sedimentary rock with a high amorphous silica content formed by fossilized diatom remains. In this work, the geopolymer was obtained using a fluid cracking catalyst residue as the precursor and six different activating solution types prepared with commercial products, residual diatomite (from beer and wine industries) and RHA. The results open a new possible route for the reuse and recovery of diatomaceous earth residue, although the compressive strength results of the mortars were slightly lower than those for mortars prepared with RHA or commercial reagents.
A. Font; L. Soriano; L. Reig; M.M. Tashima; M.V. Borrachero; J. Monzó; J. Payá. Use of residual diatomaceous earth as a silica source in geopolymer production. Materials Letters 2018, 223, 10 -13.
AMA StyleA. Font, L. Soriano, L. Reig, M.M. Tashima, M.V. Borrachero, J. Monzó, J. Payá. Use of residual diatomaceous earth as a silica source in geopolymer production. Materials Letters. 2018; 223 ():10-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Font; L. Soriano; L. Reig; M.M. Tashima; M.V. Borrachero; J. Monzó; J. Payá. 2018. "Use of residual diatomaceous earth as a silica source in geopolymer production." Materials Letters 223, no. : 10-13.