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Joshua O. Ighalo obtained a Bachelor Degree in Chemical Engineering (2015) from the University of Benin, Benin-city, Nigeria. He also obtained a Masters’ Degree in Chemical Engineering (2020) from the University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. He is an academic staff of the Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. His research interest includes computer-aided modelling and optimisation of chemical process systems, biofuels, solid waste management and environmental pollution control. He is currently working on a variety of problems across these research areas.
To achieve sustainability, it is necessary to use proper treatment methods to reduce the pollutant loads of receiving waters. This study investigates the coagulative reduction of turbidity, COD, BOD and colour from aquaculture wastewater (AW) using a novel Garcinia kola seeds coagulant (GKC). This coagulant was obtained from extraction of Garcinia kola seeds and analysed for its spectral and morphological characteristics through FTIR and SEM. The kinetics of coagulation-flocculation were also investigated in terms of total dissolved and suspended solids (TDSP). The seeds had 11.27% protein and 68.33% carbohydrate, showing usability in adsorption/charges neutralisation as a coagulant to reduce particles. Maximal turbidity reduction = 81.93%, COD = 75.03%, BOD = 72.84% and colour = 56.69% at 0.3 g GKC/L, pH 2, 60 min and 303 K were achieved. Von Smoluchowski’s second-order peri-kinetics theory was used to fit the results, giving R2 > 0.9. At a coagulation order (α) of 2, the reaction rate (KC) and half-life (
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Ifeoma Amaoge Obiora-Okafo; Ioannis Anastopoulos. Coagulation-Flocculation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Green Coagulant from Garcinia kola Seeds: Parametric Studies, Kinetic Modelling and Cost Analysis. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9177 .
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Joshua O. Ighalo, Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli, Ifeoma Amaoge Obiora-Okafo, Ioannis Anastopoulos. Coagulation-Flocculation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Green Coagulant from Garcinia kola Seeds: Parametric Studies, Kinetic Modelling and Cost Analysis. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9177.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Ifeoma Amaoge Obiora-Okafo; Ioannis Anastopoulos. 2021. "Coagulation-Flocculation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Green Coagulant from Garcinia kola Seeds: Parametric Studies, Kinetic Modelling and Cost Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9177.
Cationic dyes are toxic environmental pollutants that need to be mitigated from the aqueous environment. In this study, Hevea brasiliensis seed shells (HBSS) activated with H3PO4 (PHBSS) and NaCl (SHBSS) were explored for the removal of Congo red (CR) and malachite green (MG) from their aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were carbonised at 300 °C for 3 h and characterised by FTIR, SEM and XRF. Maximum removals for CR and MG were observed at pH 2 and pH 10, respectively. The uptake of both dyes was optimum at 0.3 mm particle size, 2 g/L adsorbent dosage and 100 mg/L initial dye concentration. The adsorption capacity of PHBSS and SHBSS to CR was 55.87 and 50.51 mg/g, respectively, while for MG was 58.48 and 56.82 mg/g, respectively. The study observed that the uptake of both dyes by both adsorbents was best fit to the Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The thermodynamics modelling revealed that the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The mechanism of CR and MG uptake was by a combination of electrostatic attraction, π–π electron–donor interaction, hydrogen bonds and pore diffusion. Furthermore, H3PO4 was a better activating agent for HBSS than NaCl given the current application.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Kenechukwu Keluo Onyechi; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli. Adsorption of Congo red and malachite green using H3PO4 and NaCl-modified activated carbon from rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed shells. Sustainable Water Resources Management 2021, 7, 1 -16.
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Joshua O. Ighalo, Kenechukwu Keluo Onyechi, Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli. Adsorption of Congo red and malachite green using H3PO4 and NaCl-modified activated carbon from rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed shells. Sustainable Water Resources Management. 2021; 7 (4):1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Kenechukwu Keluo Onyechi; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli. 2021. "Adsorption of Congo red and malachite green using H3PO4 and NaCl-modified activated carbon from rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed shells." Sustainable Water Resources Management 7, no. 4: 1-16.
Mesoporous composite activated carbon (AC) prepared from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pod and sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) stalk were evaluated for the sorption of Pb(II) and Fe(II) from wastewater. The different biomasses were acid activated by wet impregnation with phosphoric acid and carbonised at 500 °C. Adsorbents studied were AC from Theobroma cacao (TC-AC) and Theobroma-Tithonia blend (TT-AC) in a mass ratio of 75–25 wt%. The adsorbent was characterised by FTIR, BET and SEM–EDS. The specific surface areas were 237.445 and 392.508 m2/g for TC-AC and TT-AC respectively. Parametric studies revealed that adsorbate uptake reduced with increased initial concentration and increased with increasing dosage and contact time. The monolayer adsorption capacities for Pb(II) sorption onto TC-AC and TT-AC were 47.17 and 46.95 mg/g and for Fe(II) sorption onto TC-AC and TT-AC was 37.45 and 37.04 mg/g respectively. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were the best fits for the adsorption process. From the study, it has been observed that high-quality mesoporous adsorbent can be obtained from the carbonisation of the cocoa pod and sunflower stalk for water treatment applications.
Omodele A. A. Eletta; Fisayo O. Ayandele; Joshua O. Ighalo. Adsorption of Pb(II) and Fe(II) by mesoporous composite activated carbon from Tithonia diversifolia stalk and Theobroma cacao pod. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleOmodele A. A. Eletta, Fisayo O. Ayandele, Joshua O. Ighalo. Adsorption of Pb(II) and Fe(II) by mesoporous composite activated carbon from Tithonia diversifolia stalk and Theobroma cacao pod. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmodele A. A. Eletta; Fisayo O. Ayandele; Joshua O. Ighalo. 2021. "Adsorption of Pb(II) and Fe(II) by mesoporous composite activated carbon from Tithonia diversifolia stalk and Theobroma cacao pod." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery , no. : 1-10.
The by-product from pistachio (Pistachia vera) has been valorised over the years as an adsorbent material for water treatment. The aim of this review was to synthesise the empirical findings on the uptake of different pollutants using adsorbents developed from pistachio waste. This was done to evaluate the progress of research on the subject matter, identify knowledge gaps and propose interesting areas for future work. Iran was observed to be a major source country (31%) of pistachio feedstock for adsorbent preparation. The highest reported specific surface area for pistachio adsorbent was 1884 m2/g for a carbon activated by NH4NO3 + NaOH and carbonised at 800 °C. Pistachio adsorbents showed very good removal efficiencies (> 90% in most cases) for both dyes, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals and other compounds. Isotherm and kinetics modelling was always best-fit to the classical Langmuir and Freundlich models and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, respectively. HCl was the regularly used eluent for heavy metals desorption, while alkalis and organic acids were more regularly used for dyes. Interesting areas for future work include adsorbent preparation by physical activation, research interest in emerging contaminants, improvement of adsorbent desorption, utilisation of statistical physics modelling tools and the investigation of spent adsorbent disposal.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Soumya Ghosh; Shahin Ahmadi; Victor I. Ugonabo. Pistachio (Pistacia vera) waste as adsorbent for wastewater treatment: a review. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2021, 1 -19.
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Joshua O. Ighalo, Soumya Ghosh, Shahin Ahmadi, Victor I. Ugonabo. Pistachio (Pistacia vera) waste as adsorbent for wastewater treatment: a review. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2021; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Soumya Ghosh; Shahin Ahmadi; Victor I. Ugonabo. 2021. "Pistachio (Pistacia vera) waste as adsorbent for wastewater treatment: a review." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery , no. : 1-19.
Due to the negative environmental effect of methylene blue (MB), researchers have been investigating several aspects of its adsorption. The kinetics/rapidity is an important aspect of its uptake which is affected by the adsorbent pore properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pore size on the adsorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB). The paper employed a novel methodology where empirical findings across studies were summarised, analysed juxtaposed to derive observations. It was observed from the study that the kinetic constant increased as the pore size progressed from the macroporous to the mesoporous range. However, MB uptake was significantly slower for micropores. Microporous pore size leads to a drop in kinetic constant because the diffusion of MB through very small pores is restricted and gradual due to the adsorbate size. The mesoporous range is the superior pore size for MB adsorption kinetics. The Pseudo-second-order (PSO) model was best suited for all cases. However, 15% of the studies for mesoporous adsorbent had Pseudo-second-order (PFO) model as best-fit and 6% for microporous adsorbents. PSO is superior to PFO because it captures both the amount of active sites and the concentration of adsorbate as rate-limiting factors. It was observed that 10% of the studies had PFO as best-fit when linear modelling was used but 15% was best-fit with non-linear modelling. This was due to the mathematical simplicity of the linearised form of the PSO and the errors generally associated with the linearisation of kinetic models.
Joshua O. Ighalo; Kingsley O. Iwuozor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Adewale George Adeniyi. Verification of Pore Size Effect on Aqueous-Phase Adsorption Kinetics: A Case Study of Methylene Blue. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2021, 626, 127119 .
AMA StyleJoshua O. Ighalo, Kingsley O. Iwuozor, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Adewale George Adeniyi. Verification of Pore Size Effect on Aqueous-Phase Adsorption Kinetics: A Case Study of Methylene Blue. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2021; 626 ():127119.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua O. Ighalo; Kingsley O. Iwuozor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Adewale George Adeniyi. 2021. "Verification of Pore Size Effect on Aqueous-Phase Adsorption Kinetics: A Case Study of Methylene Blue." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 626, no. : 127119.
Polymer composites have recently received a considerable amount of scientific and technological interest, because their properties can be properly controlled, choosing the adequate doped particles, their size and concentrations, and the synthesis conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the crystallographic, functional group and microstructural analysis of oil palm biochar-reinforced hybrid polystyrene composite doped with aluminium. The composites were characterised by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The composite was prepared by hand-layup technique at room temperature (25 ± 2°C) and cured for 7 days. The study revealed that the addition of aluminium as dopant induced sharp peaks at 38°, 40° and 68°, which are suggestive of crystalline properties of the hybrid composite. The changing/shifting FTIR peaks and the disappearance and reappearance of different peaks with change in aluminium doping were due to chemical interactions between the biochar filler and the aluminium dopant. The analysis suggested that the composites are likely to be susceptible to moisture due to the presence of strong and broad polar – OH groups from the spectra. Microstructural analysis showed that the interfacial adhesion of the composite increased as the aluminium composition increased. Graphical Abstract
Adewale George Adeniyi; Sulyman A. Abdulkareem; Joshua O. Ighalo; Oluwaseyi D. Saliu; Mutiu K. Amosa; Ridwan Ohiani Momoh. Crystallographic, Functional Group and Microstructural Properties of Oil Palm Biochar Reinforced Hybrid Polystyrene Composite Doped with Aluminium. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleAdewale George Adeniyi, Sulyman A. Abdulkareem, Joshua O. Ighalo, Oluwaseyi D. Saliu, Mutiu K. Amosa, Ridwan Ohiani Momoh. Crystallographic, Functional Group and Microstructural Properties of Oil Palm Biochar Reinforced Hybrid Polystyrene Composite Doped with Aluminium. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdewale George Adeniyi; Sulyman A. Abdulkareem; Joshua O. Ighalo; Oluwaseyi D. Saliu; Mutiu K. Amosa; Ridwan Ohiani Momoh. 2021. "Crystallographic, Functional Group and Microstructural Properties of Oil Palm Biochar Reinforced Hybrid Polystyrene Composite Doped with Aluminium." Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies , no. : 1-12.
Methylene blue (MB) is a heterocyclic aromatic compound used as a medication or as a synthetic dye for textiles. Due to its ecotoxicity, researchers have been investigating its mitigation by the adsorption process. The aim of this review was to analyse the performance of different classes of adsorbent for MB dye uptake based on their maximum adsorption capacity. MB was chosen for this analysis due to the large volume of work that has been done on it over the years. Over 500 research papers published on MB adsorption (within the past 5 years were analysed). This was to help guide the research area on the best class adsorbents for MB uptake thereby pointing the areas of biggest potential to investigators. Composites adsorbents (31%) were the most frequently studied for MB uptake. Other popularly used types were biosorbents (16%) and activated carbon (16%). Polymers and resins, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles were the more favoured constituents for composite adsorbent development. For similar data indices, composite adsorbents yielded a higher adsorption capacity. This suggests that composite adsorbents (especially with constituents of polymers, resins and nanoparticles) perform better for MB uptake. Though polymers and resins had the highest mean, the highest median was for activated carbon. Composite adsorbent was the second highest for mean, median and number of adsorbents above the 1000 mg/g threshold. It was surmised from the analysis that polymers, resins and composites are the best classes of adsorbents for MB uptake.
Kingsley O. Iwuozor; Joshua O. Ighalo; Lawal Adewale Ogunfowora; Adewale George Adeniyi; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. An empirical literature analysis of adsorbent performance for methylene blue uptake from aqueous media. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 105658 .
AMA StyleKingsley O. Iwuozor, Joshua O. Ighalo, Lawal Adewale Ogunfowora, Adewale George Adeniyi, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. An empirical literature analysis of adsorbent performance for methylene blue uptake from aqueous media. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (4):105658.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKingsley O. Iwuozor; Joshua O. Ighalo; Lawal Adewale Ogunfowora; Adewale George Adeniyi; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. 2021. "An empirical literature analysis of adsorbent performance for methylene blue uptake from aqueous media." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 4: 105658.
The treatment of municipal solid waste leachate using electrocoagulation–flocculation with metal electrodes: aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) were investigated in this work. The feasibility of using this method for leachate treatment was determined in terms of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and colour removal. The influence of pH, current dosage, electrolysis time, setting time, temperature and NaCl concentration on the process were examined. The effects of using the hybrid of Al and Fe in different arrangements (Al–Al, Fe–Fe, Fe–Al and Al–Fe) were also considered for the ECF process. The applicability of the perikinetic flocculation theory proposed by Von Smoluchowski was confirmed for the study through the regression coefficient (R2) values. The time evolution of aggregating particles or species was predicted. The properties of the sludge (flocs) were determined via the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The optimum pH using Al–Al, Fe–Fe, Al–Fe, and Fe–Al were 2, 4, 10 and 2, respectively. Al–Al electrode presented a higher turbidity removal (93.12%) and COD removal (75.28%) on the leachate than the other electrodes arrangements. Fe–Fe electrodes were the best for colour reduction (73.25%). The kinetic data obeyed the Brownian perikinetic flocculation theory. The mechanisms that accounted for the particle distribution evolution were both sweep flocculation and charge neutralisation. The FTIR results indicate that the particles were adsorbed from the leachate and no significant changes in the composition of the sludge were observed using the different electrode arrangements. The electrocoagulation–flocculation was very effective for pollutants reduction from municipal leachate.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu; Adewale George Adeniyi. Comparative analysis on the electrochemical reduction of colour, COD and turbidity from municipal solid waste leachate using aluminium, iron and hybrid electrodes. Sustainable Water Resources Management 2021, 7, 1 -18.
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli, Joshua O. Ighalo, Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu, Adewale George Adeniyi. Comparative analysis on the electrochemical reduction of colour, COD and turbidity from municipal solid waste leachate using aluminium, iron and hybrid electrodes. Sustainable Water Resources Management. 2021; 7 (3):1-18.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu; Adewale George Adeniyi. 2021. "Comparative analysis on the electrochemical reduction of colour, COD and turbidity from municipal solid waste leachate using aluminium, iron and hybrid electrodes." Sustainable Water Resources Management 7, no. 3: 1-18.
In conjunction with the pressing and rising needs to develop improved materials for modern tastes and demands, developing metal-reinforced plastic composites is equally a key aspect of solid waste management. In this study, the literature on pure metal-reinforced plastic composites was systematically reviewed to catalogue key findings, observe trends in results, evaluate the progress of the research area and predict future perspectives. The major metals used as fillers in plastic composites are aluminium, copper and iron and the most used polymer is epoxy. Aluminium is the most popular metal used due to its low cost, corrosion resistance, availability and excellent thermal and electrical properties. Studies preferred manual mixing, hand layup and casting for the composite production. Parametric studies have delved into the factor-response relationships for filler content against morphological, physical, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites. The nature of the base plastic resin had a greater influence on the electrical properties of the plastics and the conductivities of the composites in terms of their base resin was in the order PS > EP > PVC. Tribological investigations revealed that wear rate increased with increasing test load and speed and that increase in metal fillers was led to greater wear resistance. From the review, the need to gain further knowledge on the corrosion characteristics, flame retardation ability and effect of other process factors were noted. Metal reinforced plastic composites can be served as semiconductors, dielectric materials, ballistic protections, building panels and aircraft materials. Investigations and breakthroughs in this research area would be invaluable to many of other areas in science and technology.
Adewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O. Ighalo. A systematic review of pure metals reinforced plastic composites. Iranian Polymer Journal 2021, 30, 751 -768.
AMA StyleAdewale George Adeniyi, Joshua O. Ighalo. A systematic review of pure metals reinforced plastic composites. Iranian Polymer Journal. 2021; 30 (7):751-768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O. Ighalo. 2021. "A systematic review of pure metals reinforced plastic composites." Iranian Polymer Journal 30, no. 7: 751-768.
The aim of this review was to examine the adsorption of doxycycline (DC) from aqueous media. The review investigated the performance of various adsorbents, analysed the adsorption mechanism, and discussed the isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics and other aspects of the adsorption process. Furthermore, the purpose of this review was also to identify knowledge gaps and future perspectives in the research area. DC has a proven ecotoxicological risk hence its mitigation from the environment through adsorption is justified. The highest reported adsorption capacity for DC is 835.45 mg/g for hierarchical CoFe2O4/bio-silica nanocomposite. The major mechanisms of DC uptake were electrostatic interaction and π-π interactions. DC was uptake was majorly best-fit to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. It was observed that DC is readily desorbed from various adsorbents and most of these can have >80% of the initial adsorption capacity retained after 4 cycles. Researchers on DC competitive adsorption have observed the salting-out effect, bridging effect and electrostatic screening effect. From this review, it can be concluded that DC can be efficiently mitigated from industrial effluents and wastewaters by the adsorption techniques.
Chukwunonso O. Aniagor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Stephen N. Oba. Adsorption of doxycycline from aqueous media: A review. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2021, 334, 116124 .
AMA StyleChukwunonso O. Aniagor, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Joshua O. Ighalo, Stephen N. Oba. Adsorption of doxycycline from aqueous media: A review. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021; 334 ():116124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChukwunonso O. Aniagor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Joshua O. Ighalo; Stephen N. Oba. 2021. "Adsorption of doxycycline from aqueous media: A review." Journal of Molecular Liquids 334, no. : 116124.
Background: There are different types of pollutants in water hence they are constantly in competition for active sites during the adsorption process. A key advantage of competitive adsorption studies is that these inform regarding the adsorbent’s performance in real water treatment applications. Objective: This study aims to investigate the competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) biochar and hybrid biochar from LDPE. Method: The produced biochar was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption parameters, equilibrium isotherm modelling and parametric studies were conducted based on data from the batch adsorption experiments. Results: For both adsorbents, the removal efficiency was >99% over the entire investigation for dosage and contact time, suggesting that they are very efficient for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous media. It was observed that removal efficiency was optimal at 2 g/l dosage and contact time was 20 minutes for both adsorbent types. The Elovich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models were best-fit for the competitive adsorption process. Conclusion: The study was able to successfully reveal that biomass biochar from elephant grass and hybrid biochar from LDPE can be used as effective adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. This study bears a positive implication for environmental protection and solid waste management.
Joshua O. Ighalo; Lois T. Arowoyele; Samuel Ogunniyi; Comfort A. Adeyanju; Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel; Olayiwola R. Belgore; Maroof O. Omisore; Adewale George Adeniyi. Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media. Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 2021, 14, 148 -159.
AMA StyleJoshua O. Ighalo, Lois T. Arowoyele, Samuel Ogunniyi, Comfort A. Adeyanju, Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel, Olayiwola R. Belgore, Maroof O. Omisore, Adewale George Adeniyi. Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media. Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering). 2021; 14 (2):148-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua O. Ighalo; Lois T. Arowoyele; Samuel Ogunniyi; Comfort A. Adeyanju; Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel; Olayiwola R. Belgore; Maroof O. Omisore; Adewale George Adeniyi. 2021. "Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media." Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 14, no. 2: 148-159.
The review paper embodies the current trends and advancements involved in the transformation of biomass to enhanced products, bioenergy, and chemicals. Some selected chemical process like the slow-fast pyrolysis, catalytic fast pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, transesterification and lignin valorization by depolymerization are aptly suited for biorefinery processing, and were discussed in this review. The (catalytic) fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction are quite similar, but differ in their feedstock preparations, reactor configuration and thermal or energy optimization. The review covers the biomass selection, chemical conversion techniques and most importantly the required heterogeneous catalysts (where applicable). The work further suggests the superiority of dedicated chemicals over drop-in and smart drop-in chemicals, due the complete usage of biomass. Relative to the oil refinery process, biorefining is quite novel and accompanied by its drawbacks. These challenges range from catalyst poisoning and deactivation to energy intensiveness and eventually as being cost-ineffective. The challenge encountered in biorefinery is in the economic feasibility, as it is inferred from this review that the pre-treatment process takes up to about 20% of the conversion cost. Although the biorefinery plant employ lignocellulosic biomass, but study shows that the use of biomass is largely under-utilized. The solid products/ wastes from pyrolysis for example, can be utilized as source of energy for the process. In the pursuit for sustainability, it is essential to ensure a balance-energy-mix, where every other type of energy will have a role to play to avoid dependence on only one solution for the future. Therefore, in contrast to the dwindling fossil fuels, it can be generally speculated that the future for biorefining is bright. It was concluded that with vast knowledge on the suitable heterogeneous catalysts and proper optimization of process parameters (temperatures, pressure, and reactant species); some of the biorefining processes will result into a significant increase in industrial fuels and bio-based drop-in chemicals leading towards commercialization.
Great Umenweke; Joshua Ighalo; Modestus Anusi; Blessing Itabana; Lina Ekeh. Selected Thermo-Chemical Biorefining: Evaluation of the Current Trends and Progressions. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 2021, 5, em0154 .
AMA StyleGreat Umenweke, Joshua Ighalo, Modestus Anusi, Blessing Itabana, Lina Ekeh. Selected Thermo-Chemical Biorefining: Evaluation of the Current Trends and Progressions. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research. 2021; 5 (2):em0154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGreat Umenweke; Joshua Ighalo; Modestus Anusi; Blessing Itabana; Lina Ekeh. 2021. "Selected Thermo-Chemical Biorefining: Evaluation of the Current Trends and Progressions." European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 5, no. 2: em0154.
In this study, the morphological characteristics of the T. neapolitana biofilms on a ceramic carrier, stainless steel, graphite foil, carbon paper, carbon felt and carbon cloth using 3D reconstruction technology was investigated. This was based on the micrographs available in Squadrito et al. (Data Brief 33: 106–403, 2020). Besides the ceramic carrier, the other surfaces were conductive and slightly positively polarised (0.8 and 1.2 V). A simple drying technique was used to show the biofilm and avoid its detachment while chemical fixing with glutaraldehyde was used to better highlight the bacterial morphology within the biofilm. The latter was more suitable for investigating biofilm morphology while the former for bacteria morphology. For the ceramic carrier and stainless steel electrode surfaces, a regular undulating pattern of the biofilm was highlighted by the 3D rendering whilst the glutaraldehyde fixed sample showed a rod-like bacteria morphology. For the other surfaces, a regular undulating pattern of the biofilm and a mixture of a rod-like and a coccoid form of settled bacteria were evidenced also. Carbon cloth was the more suitable electrode for the current application due to its richer filamentous network of bacteria biofilm suggesting a better prevention of bacteria detachment from the electrode surface. Indeed, a preserved biofilm was highlighted on the surfaces of the polarised carbon cloth.
Joshua O. Ighalo; Adewale George Adeniyi; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. 3D reconstruction and morphological analysis of electrostimulated hyperthermophile biofilms of Thermotoga neapolitana. Biotechnology Letters 2021, 43, 1303 -1309.
AMA StyleJoshua O. Ighalo, Adewale George Adeniyi, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. 3D reconstruction and morphological analysis of electrostimulated hyperthermophile biofilms of Thermotoga neapolitana. Biotechnology Letters. 2021; 43 (7):1303-1309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua O. Ighalo; Adewale George Adeniyi; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. 2021. "3D reconstruction and morphological analysis of electrostimulated hyperthermophile biofilms of Thermotoga neapolitana." Biotechnology Letters 43, no. 7: 1303-1309.
The performance of Picralima nitida extract (PNE) in bio-coagulation-flocculation (BCF) for the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in municipal solid waste leachate (MSWL) was studied. The PNE was characterised via Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The process was modelled using both the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods, and their prognostic capabilities established. The coagulant precursor was found to contain protein (28.4%) which is an active component of a good coagulant for neutralisation and adsorption of the colloidal particles. C=O, O–H, and N-H functional groups were present in the extract which are preferred for BCF process. This process was effectively optimised (COD = 75.25±0.5%) to achieve the best removal at pH = 2.3, PNE dosage = 0.38 g/L, and time = 28.22. min. The analysis of variance indicated that the RSM model was statistically suitable for the interpretation of the processes at the studied range. The RSM and ANN were capable of predicting the COD reduction process with the latter giving the best prediction with lesser error and nonlinear relationship. Though ANN had superior accuracy, RSM has the advantage of giving a predictive equation and showing the effect of operating factors and their interactions on the response compared. The mechanisms of the process were charge neutralisation, adsorption and bridging.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Mathew Chukwudi Menkiti. Bio-coagulation-flocculation (BCF) of municipal solid waste leachate using Picralima nitida extract: RSM and ANN modelling. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2021, 4, 100078 .
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli, Joshua O. Ighalo, Mathew Chukwudi Menkiti. Bio-coagulation-flocculation (BCF) of municipal solid waste leachate using Picralima nitida extract: RSM and ANN modelling. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. 2021; 4 ():100078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Mathew Chukwudi Menkiti. 2021. "Bio-coagulation-flocculation (BCF) of municipal solid waste leachate using Picralima nitida extract: RSM and ANN modelling." Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 4, no. : 100078.
Ibuprofen (IBP) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug released into the environment through hospital and medical effluents, pharmaceutical wastewater and veterinary use. The aim of this paper is to review the empirical findings on the adsorption of IBP from aqueous media. A preliminary ecotoxicological assessment confirmed the environmental risk of IBP in the aqueous environment. Open literature works considered in this review were for the past decade (2010 – 2020). Carbon-based adsorbents are the best class of adsorbent for the uptake of IBP and the highest reported maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for IBP is 496.1 mg/g by SWCNTs. The range of adsorption capacities for IBP uptake in this review is between 0.0496 – 496.1 mg/g. The mechanism of uptake is majorly by hydrophobic interactions, π – π stacking, hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions and dipole-dipole interaction. IBP uptake was best fit to a wide variety of isotherm models but was well suited to the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The thermodynamics of IBP uptake depends majorly on the nature of the adsorbent and desorption from the solid phase is based on an appropriate choice of the eluent. Knowledge gaps were observed in used adsorbent disposal and process improvement. In the future, interest would increase in scale-up, industrial applications and practical utilisation of the research findings which would help in sustainable water resource management.
Stephen N. Oba; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chukwunonso O. Aniagor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. Removal of ibuprofen from aqueous media by adsorption: A comprehensive review. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 780, 146608 .
AMA StyleStephen N. Oba, Joshua O. Ighalo, Chukwunonso O. Aniagor, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. Removal of ibuprofen from aqueous media by adsorption: A comprehensive review. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 780 ():146608.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen N. Oba; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chukwunonso O. Aniagor; Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe. 2021. "Removal of ibuprofen from aqueous media by adsorption: A comprehensive review." Science of The Total Environment 780, no. : 146608.
This work investigated the treatment of fish pond wastewater (FPW) using electrocoagulation – flocculation (ECF) through aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) electro-coagulants. The feasibility of using this method has been determined in terms of turbidity (TUR), biochemical demand oxygen (BOD), chemical demand oxygen (COD), and reduction of colour (COL). The study analysed the role of pH, current dosage, electrolysis time, settling time, temperature, and concentration of NaCl on the ECF process. Also, the influence of using the hybrid of Al and Fe in different configurations (Al-Al, Fe-Fe, Fe-Al, and Al-Fe) was taken into account for the ECF process. The perikinetics kinetics of the process flocculation was studied. The coefficient of regression (R2) was used to confirm the theoretical applicability of perikinetics flocculation. The forecast of the time evolution of aggregating particles or species was included. The optimum pH was 2. Al-Al electrode had a higher TUR removal (87.87%). Fe-Fe electrodes were the best for reducing COL (73.56%). Al-Al was proven to be the best electrode configuration for BOD removal (76.90%) and COD removal (86.4 %). The ECF kinetic data partially followed Von Smoluchowski's equation for the Brownian perikinetics flocculation theory. The mechanisms that accounted for the distribution of particles were sweep flocculation and charge neutralisation. The ECF was very effective for reducing FPW pollutants.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu. Electrocoagulation-flocculation of aquaculture effluent using hybrid iron and aluminium electrodes: A comparative study. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 2021, 6, 100107 .
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli, Joshua O. Ighalo, Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu. Electrocoagulation-flocculation of aquaculture effluent using hybrid iron and aluminium electrodes: A comparative study. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances. 2021; 6 ():100107.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli; Joshua O. Ighalo; Chinedu Josiah Umembamalu. 2021. "Electrocoagulation-flocculation of aquaculture effluent using hybrid iron and aluminium electrodes: A comparative study." Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 6, no. : 100107.
In this study, a comparison between charcoal produced from Eucalyptus urograndis modified and unmodified with HNO3 on the adsorption capacity of metals (Cu(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II)) in aqueous solutions was performed. The modification was performed using charcoal from the wood of a hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis (commonly referred to in Brazil as Eucalyptus urograndis). The charcoal was produced at a final temperature of 450 °C. Nitric acid was the oxidizing agent, employed at a concentration of 12.5% (v/v) and a reaction time of 3 h. The materials were characterized and compared using thermogravimetric analysis, thermogravimetric index, specific surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and point of zero charge. Studies of the process factors (contact time, mass, ideal pH), adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich), and the thermodynamics of the process were also carried out. Treatment with nitric acid altered the elemental composition of charcoal, and functional groups, like carbonyl groups, were added to the surface, which caused a significant increase in total adsorption capacity (from 114.27 to 310.53 mg g−1 in a solution with a mix of metals). The model that best fit the data was Langmuir, and the maximum removal of Cu(II) ions was 96%, and occurred at pH 5, at 318 K, with a dose of biosorbent equal to 0.4 g 50 mL−1 of solution and equilibrium contact time of 30 min. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that adsorption occurred spontaneously and occurred through the ion exchange and electrostatic interaction mechanisms. In systems with the presence of more than one metal ion, the total adsorption capacity increased.
Elias Costa de Souza; Alexandre Santos Pimenta; Alfredo José Ferreira da Silva; Paula Fabiane Pinheiro Do Nascimento; Joshua O. Ighalo. Oxidized eucalyptus charcoal: a renewable biosorbent for removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleElias Costa de Souza, Alexandre Santos Pimenta, Alfredo José Ferreira da Silva, Paula Fabiane Pinheiro Do Nascimento, Joshua O. Ighalo. Oxidized eucalyptus charcoal: a renewable biosorbent for removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2021; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElias Costa de Souza; Alexandre Santos Pimenta; Alfredo José Ferreira da Silva; Paula Fabiane Pinheiro Do Nascimento; Joshua O. Ighalo. 2021. "Oxidized eucalyptus charcoal: a renewable biosorbent for removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery , no. : 1-15.
Naphthalene is a major component of tar whose formation is a technical barrier in gasification systems. It can be used for hydrogen production via the steam reforming process. In this study, artificial neural network was used to model the steam reforming of naphthalene. The dataset will be developed by non-stoichiometric computation of the minimisation of Gibbs free energy method. The effect of temperature and steam-to-oil ratio (STOR) on the selectivity of hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane in the product stream was investigated. Temperature and STOR increase favoured H2 production in the steam reforming process. At the threshold of temperature > 600° C and STOR > 4 kg/kg, optimal H2 selectivity is achieved. The coefficient of determination and root mean squared error for the model for all regimes (training, validation and testing) and all synthesis gas constituents was > 0.99 and < 1 mol%, respectively. Parity plots revealed that the predictions were accurate at both high and low levels of prediction. Paired samples correlation revealed a strong positive correlation between model predictions and the experimental values. The current approach is unfavourable in scenarios where quick predictions and preliminary estimations are required other investigations in product and process development.
Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Adewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O. Ighalo. ANN modelling of the steam reforming of naphthalene based on non-stoichiometric thermodynamic analysis. Chemical Papers 2021, 75, 3363 -3372.
AMA StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Adewale George Adeniyi, Joshua O. Ighalo. ANN modelling of the steam reforming of naphthalene based on non-stoichiometric thermodynamic analysis. Chemical Papers. 2021; 75 (7):3363-3372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinenye Adaobi Igwegbe; Adewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O. Ighalo. 2021. "ANN modelling of the steam reforming of naphthalene based on non-stoichiometric thermodynamic analysis." Chemical Papers 75, no. 7: 3363-3372.
In this study, the materials-to-product potentials of Nigeria in light of the need for sustainable national development was systematically reviewed. It was observed that agricultural and solid mineral resources are as abundant as petroleum resources but have gained less interest in research and development (R&D) due to lesser cash flow. The management and conversion of waste to useful products was established as an important facet of the wealth creation for sustainable development in the Nigerian context. The key issue in waste management and conversion observed in the paper circled around the poor efficiency of the system of manual reclamation and sorting. The relationship between universities and the industries for product development was observed to be fractious. It was recommended that complementary policy and infrastructure be put in place to ensure sustainability, and efforts are made to diversify out of the petroleum revenues. It was concluded that abundant resources for materials-to-product innovations for sustainable development is not in question but the willingness/motivation of the relevant stakeholders to put the necessary machinery in place is non-existent.
Adewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O Ighalo; Comfort Abidemi Adeyanju. Materials-to-product potentials for sustainable development in Nigeria. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleAdewale George Adeniyi, Joshua O Ighalo, Comfort Abidemi Adeyanju. Materials-to-product potentials for sustainable development in Nigeria. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdewale George Adeniyi; Joshua O Ighalo; Comfort Abidemi Adeyanju. 2021. "Materials-to-product potentials for sustainable development in Nigeria." International Journal of Sustainable Engineering , no. : 1-8.
Polymer composites have been prepared with natural fibres as fillers/reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties and obtain the characteristics demanded in specific applications. In this study, the moisture absorption behaviour, thermal conductivity and microstructural p roperties of rice husk reinforced polystyrene composite, developed by solvent casting method was investigated. The filler particle size was 20 µm. The moisture absorption was investigated by immersion tests, thermal conductivity was investigated using the guarded hot plate apparatus, whilst the microstructural property of the composite was studied at 40× and 100× magnifications by an optical microscope. It was observed that moisture absorbed increased with increasing time and composites with a higher composition of filler absorbed more moisture than those with a lesser amount of fillers. The sample with 20 wt% filler had the lowest equilibrium/saturation point (5.79 wt%) achieved after just 5 hours. The sample with 30 wt% filler had the highest moisture diffusivity and mass transfer kinetic constant of 1.14 × 10−4 mm2/s and 2.013 hr−1 respectively. The maximum thermal conductivity of 1.7 W/moC was observed at 40 wt% filler loading. Microstructural analysis revealed that the best fibre-polymer mix was achieved at 40 wt% filer loading.
Joshua O. Ighalo; Adewale George Adeniyi; Oluwasemilogo O. Owolabi; Sulyman A. Abdulkareem. Moisture absorption, thermal and microstructural properties of polymer composites developed from rice husk and polystyrene wastes. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleJoshua O. Ighalo, Adewale George Adeniyi, Oluwasemilogo O. Owolabi, Sulyman A. Abdulkareem. Moisture absorption, thermal and microstructural properties of polymer composites developed from rice husk and polystyrene wastes. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua O. Ighalo; Adewale George Adeniyi; Oluwasemilogo O. Owolabi; Sulyman A. Abdulkareem. 2021. "Moisture absorption, thermal and microstructural properties of polymer composites developed from rice husk and polystyrene wastes." International Journal of Sustainable Engineering , no. : 1-10.