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Few studies examine the distribution of food insecurity in advanced capitalist nations. This research investigates cross-national food insecurity in the world’s largest economies by estimating the impact of welfare spending and income inequality on food availability (measured by the FAO’s Dietary Energy and Protein Supply indicators) and food accessibility (measured by the Food Insecurity Experience Scale) in 36 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries between the years of 2000 and 2018. Using a series of regression models on panel and cross-sectional data this research found that increases in state spending on social and health care are associated with (1) increases in food availability and (2) increases in food access. However, the findings also suggest that increases in food supplies do not produce more food security. Thus, for the OECD countries in this analysis, food availability is unrelated to food accessibility. We conclude by suggesting that high income countries that seek to promote global health should not only focus their efforts on poverty reduction polices that increase food accessibility within their own boarders, but must simultaneously ensure a more equitable global distribution of food.
Belal Hossain; Michael Long; Paul Stretesky. Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries. Sustainability 2020, 13, 324 .
AMA StyleBelal Hossain, Michael Long, Paul Stretesky. Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBelal Hossain; Michael Long; Paul Stretesky. 2020. "Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 324.
: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has harmful consequences for children's health and well-being. However, it is less clear how different social processes may amplify or mitigate the effects of ACEs on children's mental health. We examined how parenting stress mediates and family resilience moderates the associations of ACEs with children's mental health and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) outcomes. : This secondary data analysis included 44,684 children aged 6-17 years from the 2016-17 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Logistic regression with survey weights was used to account for the complex survey design and obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI adjusted for sociodemographics. : Overall, 7.3% of children had any mental health condition and 10.4% had ADHD. A higher ACE score (per 1-unit increase) was associated with a higher prevalence of any mental health condition (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.27-1.40) and ADHD (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.15-1.27) after adjustment for sociodemographics. Parenting stress mediated 57.1% of the total effect of ACE on any mental health condition and 59.7% of the total effect of ACE on ADHD diagnosis. The effect of ACE on mental health and ADHD outcomes was stronger among children with low levels of family resilience and connection index (FRCI) than among those with higher levels of FRCI. : Parenting stress may be a potential mechanism through which ACE impacts a child's mental health and behavioral outcomes. Family resilience can lessen the impact of ACE on children's mental health and behavioral disorders.
Jalal Uddin; Najwa Alharbi; Helal Uddin; Belal Hossain; Serra Sevde Hatipoğlu; D. Leann Long; April P. Carson. Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children's mental health and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020, 272, 104 -109.
AMA StyleJalal Uddin, Najwa Alharbi, Helal Uddin, Belal Hossain, Serra Sevde Hatipoğlu, D. Leann Long, April P. Carson. Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children's mental health and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020; 272 ():104-109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJalal Uddin; Najwa Alharbi; Helal Uddin; Belal Hossain; Serra Sevde Hatipoğlu; D. Leann Long; April P. Carson. 2020. "Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children's mental health and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 272, no. : 104-109.
Growth in water use and threatened shortages of water have become increasingly important in the modern world system. Natural resources are exploited extensively by capitalist interests in industrially advanced nations, while the lower strata of the world system, the underdeveloped societies, are left with limited access to natural resources for their productive processes, particularly water resources. We contribute to socio-hydrological research by examining underlying socio-structural factors that play a part in the process of deteriorating conditions of global water resources. Drawing on a world-systems perspective, this study examines how socio-structural forces – world system position, per capita beef consumption, per capita energy consumption, and urbanization – affect per capita water footprint, which includes an accounting of ‘virtual water’ consumption. We find that per capita beef consumption and per capita energy consumption have significant positive direct effects, and the world system position has a significant indirect and total effect on per capita water footprint.
Belal Hossain; Angela G. Mertig. Socio-structural forces predicting global water footprint: socio-hydrology and ecologically unequal exchange. Hydrological Sciences Journal 2020, 65, 495 -506.
AMA StyleBelal Hossain, Angela G. Mertig. Socio-structural forces predicting global water footprint: socio-hydrology and ecologically unequal exchange. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 2020; 65 (4):495-506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBelal Hossain; Angela G. Mertig. 2020. "Socio-structural forces predicting global water footprint: socio-hydrology and ecologically unequal exchange." Hydrological Sciences Journal 65, no. 4: 495-506.
Vulnerability to natural hazards not only depends on the magnitude of the hazards but also on the socio-economic conditions of people. Considering vulnerability as a social construct, the social vulnerability index (SoVI) was introduced to measure the vulnerability of people across space. Very little is known about the social vulnerability of the coastal region of Bangladesh despite their high exposure to natural hazards like cyclones and coastal flooding. Applying modified SoVI, we investigated the social vulnerability of this region at the union level. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), twenty-seven variables are reduced to nine components, which explain 80.79% of the variance in the data. We mapped the composite SoVI score, which was calculated by adding the nine principal components. Results show that 24.26% of the areas of the region are high to very highly vulnerable and most of these areas are either situated near the Meghna estuarine or in the Cox's Bazar district. Results from Local and Global Moran's I show that there are significant clusters of composite scores of social vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of scalar changes (from the union to mouza) on the distribution of SoVI. Introducing a binary classification method to SoVI analysis, we found that scalar change reduces about 30% of the accuracy of vulnerability classification. The findings of this study will help policymakers and disaster managers to formulate informed policy and disaster management plans.
Yasin Wahid Rabby; Belal Hossain; Mahbub Ul Hasan. Social vulnerability in the coastal region of Bangladesh: An investigation of social vulnerability index and scalar change effects. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2019, 41, 101329 .
AMA StyleYasin Wahid Rabby, Belal Hossain, Mahbub Ul Hasan. Social vulnerability in the coastal region of Bangladesh: An investigation of social vulnerability index and scalar change effects. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2019; 41 ():101329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasin Wahid Rabby; Belal Hossain; Mahbub Ul Hasan. 2019. "Social vulnerability in the coastal region of Bangladesh: An investigation of social vulnerability index and scalar change effects." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 41, no. : 101329.