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Prof. Peter Budd
University of Manchester

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0 Adsorption
0 Graphene
0 Membranes
0 Polymers
0 polyelectrolytes

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Research article
Published: 16 June 2021 in ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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The polymer synthesis of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-pyridinecarbonitrile-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobisindane-5,5′,6,6′-tetrol copolymer, termed PIM-Py, was investigated under different solvent (dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylacetamide/dichlorobenzene) and temperature (65–160 °C) conditions to produce a range of topologically different polymer samples. Characterization of the polymers, particularly with proton NMR spectroscopy and multiple detector SEC analysis, indicated that, like PIM-1, the polymerizations proceeded with a degree of polymer chain branching. This is attributed to the occurrence of monosubstitution reactions, instead of disubstitution, which eventually leads to a significant proportion of colloidal network formation. However, all polymer samples remained soluble/dispersible in chloroform at the concentration required to cast self-standing films. This work reports the first examination of PIM-Py as a membrane for gas separation applications. The most structurally diverse PIM-Py samples produced films that exhibited selectivity/permeability balances in single gas permeation studies above the 2008 Robeson upper bound for the CO2/N2 gas pair. Indeed, a film cast from the highest colloidal network content sample surpassed the recently introduced 2019 CO2/N2 upper bound. After 143 days of aging, a 40 μm self-standing membrane still exhibited a single gas CO2 permeability of 4480 barrer and an ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of 45. The polymers produced in lower temperature reactions in DMF exhibited gas separation performances very similar to a structurally regular “normal” PIM-1 polymer, sitting on or around the 2008 Robeson upper bound line. Single gas permeation measurements to determine CO2/CH4 selectivity showed similar trends across the range of polymer samples, without generally reaching high selectivities as for the CO2/N2 pair. Mixed gas CO2/CH4 permeation measurements with aging were also completed for PIM-Py membranes, which indicated similar gas separation performance to a structurally regular PIM-1 polymer. This study would suggest that, like PIM-1, gas separation performance of PIM-Py is greatly influenced by the topological balance toward branched and network material within the polymer sample.

ACS Style

Anirudh Devarajan; Edidiong D. Asuquo; Mohd Zamidi Ahmad; Andrew B. Foster; Peter M. Budd. Influence of Polymer Topology on Gas Separation Membrane Performance of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-Py. ACS Applied Polymer Materials 2021, 3, 3485 -3495.

AMA Style

Anirudh Devarajan, Edidiong D. Asuquo, Mohd Zamidi Ahmad, Andrew B. Foster, Peter M. Budd. Influence of Polymer Topology on Gas Separation Membrane Performance of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-Py. ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 2021; 3 (7):3485-3495.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anirudh Devarajan; Edidiong D. Asuquo; Mohd Zamidi Ahmad; Andrew B. Foster; Peter M. Budd. 2021. "Influence of Polymer Topology on Gas Separation Membrane Performance of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-Py." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 3, no. 7: 3485-3495.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Journal of Membrane Science
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Physical aging represents one of the major obstacles towards adoption of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) membranes for gas separation applications. In this work, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of 2D boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) and PIM-1 were prepared and applied in the separation of a CO2/CH4 (1:1, v:v) binary gas mixture. The membranes were tested over a period of more than one year to evaluate their anti-aging properties as compared to neat PIM-1. The results show that introducing BNNS into PIM-1 leads to a significant reduction in the physical aging of PIM-1, as demonstrated by the values of reduction in CO2 permeability after 414 days (22% for the MMMs as compared to 58% for neat PIM-1). This work paves the way to using PIM-based membranes in industry.

ACS Style

Ahmed W. Ameen; Jing Ji; Marzieh Tamaddondar; Sajjad Moshenpour; Andrew B. Foster; Xiaolei Fan; Peter M. Budd; Davide Mattia; Patricia Gorgojo. 2D boron nitride nanosheets in PIM-1 membranes for CO2/CH4 separation. Journal of Membrane Science 2021, 636, 119527 .

AMA Style

Ahmed W. Ameen, Jing Ji, Marzieh Tamaddondar, Sajjad Moshenpour, Andrew B. Foster, Xiaolei Fan, Peter M. Budd, Davide Mattia, Patricia Gorgojo. 2D boron nitride nanosheets in PIM-1 membranes for CO2/CH4 separation. Journal of Membrane Science. 2021; 636 ():119527.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed W. Ameen; Jing Ji; Marzieh Tamaddondar; Sajjad Moshenpour; Andrew B. Foster; Xiaolei Fan; Peter M. Budd; Davide Mattia; Patricia Gorgojo. 2021. "2D boron nitride nanosheets in PIM-1 membranes for CO2/CH4 separation." Journal of Membrane Science 636, no. : 119527.

Full paper
Published: 27 January 2021 in Advanced Materials Technologies
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Increasing discharges of industrial wastewater, along with ever‐stricter regulations for the protection of natural water sources, have amplified the demand for highly efficient water treatment technologies. Here, electrospun nanofibrous polyimides enhanced with ion exchange properties are proposed as adsorptive membranes for the treatment of dye‐loaded textile wastewater. With the careful selection of monomers, carboxyl‐functionalized porous polyimides are synthesized in a single step and then further decorated with strong cation and anion exchange side groups. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis are used to investigate the alkylation degree and total exchange capacity of the polymers. The electrospinning conditions are optimized to produce highly flexible membrane mats with a uniform nanofibrous structure. A series of dye sorption experiments on the nanofibrous membranes reveals the adsorption kinetics and the effects of the polyimide backbone, the charged side groups, and the hydrophilicity. A recycling study is conducted to confirm the stability of the adsorbent membranes. The results suggest that nanofibrous polyimide membranes enhanced with ion exchange properties are promising candidates for the treatment of dye‐laden wastewater. Owing to their facile syntheses and unique properties, these membranes show promising potential in environmental applications.

ACS Style

Levente Cseri; Fuat Topuz; Mahmoud A. Abdulhamid; Abdulaziz Alammar; Peter M. Budd; Gyorgy Szekely. Electrospun Adsorptive Nanofibrous Membranes from Ion Exchange Polymers to Snare Textile Dyes from Wastewater. Advanced Materials Technologies 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Levente Cseri, Fuat Topuz, Mahmoud A. Abdulhamid, Abdulaziz Alammar, Peter M. Budd, Gyorgy Szekely. Electrospun Adsorptive Nanofibrous Membranes from Ion Exchange Polymers to Snare Textile Dyes from Wastewater. Advanced Materials Technologies. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Levente Cseri; Fuat Topuz; Mahmoud A. Abdulhamid; Abdulaziz Alammar; Peter M. Budd; Gyorgy Szekely. 2021. "Electrospun Adsorptive Nanofibrous Membranes from Ion Exchange Polymers to Snare Textile Dyes from Wastewater." Advanced Materials Technologies , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in Membranes
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Superglassy polymers have emerged as potential membrane materials for several gas separation applications, including acid gas removal from natural gas. Despite the superior performance shown at laboratory scale, their use at industrial scale is hampered by their large drop in gas permeability over time due to physical aging. Several strategies are proposed in the literature to prevent loss of performance, the incorporation of fillers being a successful approach. In this work, we provide a comprehensive economic study on the application of superglassy membranes in a hybrid membrane/amine process for natural gas sweetening. The hybrid process is compared with the more traditional stand-alone amine-absorption technique for a range of membrane gas separation properties (CO2 permeance and CO2/CH4 selectivity), and recommendations for long-term membrane performance are made. These recommendations can drive future research on producing mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of superglassy polymers with anti-aging properties (i.e., target permeance and selectivity is maintained over time), as thin film nanocomposite membranes (TFNs). For the selected natural gas composition of 28% of acid gas content (8% CO2 and 20% H2S), we have found that a CO2 permeance of 200 GPU and a CO2/CH4 selectivity of 16 is an optimal target.

ACS Style

Ahmed W. Ameen; Peter M. Budd; Patricia Gorgojo. Superglassy Polymers to Treat Natural Gas by Hybrid Membrane/Amine Processes: Can Fillers Help? Membranes 2020, 10, 413 .

AMA Style

Ahmed W. Ameen, Peter M. Budd, Patricia Gorgojo. Superglassy Polymers to Treat Natural Gas by Hybrid Membrane/Amine Processes: Can Fillers Help? Membranes. 2020; 10 (12):413.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed W. Ameen; Peter M. Budd; Patricia Gorgojo. 2020. "Superglassy Polymers to Treat Natural Gas by Hybrid Membrane/Amine Processes: Can Fillers Help?" Membranes 10, no. 12: 413.

Review article
Published: 11 November 2020 in Nanoscale
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The development of PIM-1 mixed matrix membranes using organic, inorganic and hybrid fillers towards the ideal gas separation enhancement.

ACS Style

Mohd Zamidi Ahmad; Roberto Castro-Muñoz; Peter M. Budd. Boosting gas separation performance and suppressing the physical aging of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) by nanomaterial blending. Nanoscale 2020, 12, 23333 -23370.

AMA Style

Mohd Zamidi Ahmad, Roberto Castro-Muñoz, Peter M. Budd. Boosting gas separation performance and suppressing the physical aging of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) by nanomaterial blending. Nanoscale. 2020; 12 (46):23333-23370.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohd Zamidi Ahmad; Roberto Castro-Muñoz; Peter M. Budd. 2020. "Boosting gas separation performance and suppressing the physical aging of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) by nanomaterial blending." Nanoscale 12, no. 46: 23333-23370.

Paper
Published: 22 September 2020 in Journal of Materials Chemistry C
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In this work, we synthesized novel polymer dots (Pdots) from polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) containing a racemic mixture of R- and S-chiral centers as the hydrophobic conjugated polymer chains.

ACS Style

Foroozan - Feizi; Mojtaba Shamsipur; Mohammad Bagher - Gholivand; Avat (Arman) Taherpour; Ali Barati; Hosna Shamsipur; Ezeddin Mohajerani; Peter Martin Budd. Harnessing the enantiomeric recognition ability of hydrophobic polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) toward amino acids by converting them into hydrophilic polymer dots. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2020, 8, 13827 -13835.

AMA Style

Foroozan - Feizi, Mojtaba Shamsipur, Mohammad Bagher - Gholivand, Avat (Arman) Taherpour, Ali Barati, Hosna Shamsipur, Ezeddin Mohajerani, Peter Martin Budd. Harnessing the enantiomeric recognition ability of hydrophobic polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) toward amino acids by converting them into hydrophilic polymer dots. Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 2020; 8 (39):13827-13835.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Foroozan - Feizi; Mojtaba Shamsipur; Mohammad Bagher - Gholivand; Avat (Arman) Taherpour; Ali Barati; Hosna Shamsipur; Ezeddin Mohajerani; Peter Martin Budd. 2020. "Harnessing the enantiomeric recognition ability of hydrophobic polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) toward amino acids by converting them into hydrophilic polymer dots." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 39: 13827-13835.

Research article
Published: 09 September 2020 in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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A low crosslink density (LCD) network-PIM-1, which offers high compatability with the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1, is synthesised by a modified PIM-1 polycondensation that combines both a tetrafluoro- and an octafluoro- monomer. To maximise the advantages of utilising such crosslinked PIM-1 fillers in PIM-1-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), a grafting route is used to decorate the LCD-network-PIM-1 (dispersed phase) with PIM-1 chains, to further enhance compatability with the PIM-1 matrix. Mixed-gas CO2/CH4 (1:1, v:v) separation results over 160 days of membrane aging confirm the success of a relatively short (24 h) grafting reaction in improving the initial CO2 separation performance, as well as hindering the aging of PIM-1/grafted-LCD-network-PIM-1 MMMs. For MMMs based on a 24 h grafting route, all the gas separation data surpass the 2008 Robeson upper bound by a significant margin, and the 160-day aged membranes show only 29% reduction from the initial CO2 permeability, which is substantially less than the equivalent losses of nearly 70% and 48% for PIM-1 and traditionally-fabricated MMM counterparts, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of network-PIM components for obtaining much more stable gas separation performance over extended periods of time.

ACS Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar; Andrew Bryan Foster; Mariolino Carta; Patricia Gorgojo; Neil B. McKeown; Peter Martin Budd. Mitigation of Physical Aging with Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on Cross-Linked PIM-1 Fillers and PIM-1. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2020, 12, 46756 -46766.

AMA Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar, Andrew Bryan Foster, Mariolino Carta, Patricia Gorgojo, Neil B. McKeown, Peter Martin Budd. Mitigation of Physical Aging with Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on Cross-Linked PIM-1 Fillers and PIM-1. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2020; 12 (41):46756-46766.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar; Andrew Bryan Foster; Mariolino Carta; Patricia Gorgojo; Neil B. McKeown; Peter Martin Budd. 2020. "Mitigation of Physical Aging with Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on Cross-Linked PIM-1 Fillers and PIM-1." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 41: 46756-46766.

Paper
Published: 19 August 2020 in Environmental Science: Nano
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This research reports the fabrication of nanocomposite cation exchange membranes by incorporating negatively charged graphene-based nanomaterials into a non-charged poly(vinylidene fluoride) matrix using a mold-casting technique developed in-house.

ACS Style

Adetunji Alabi; Levente Cseri; Ahmed Al Hajaj; Gyorgy Szekely; Peter Martin Budd; Linda Zou. Graphene-PSS/l-DOPA nanocomposite cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis desalination. Environmental Science: Nano 2020, 7, 3108 -3123.

AMA Style

Adetunji Alabi, Levente Cseri, Ahmed Al Hajaj, Gyorgy Szekely, Peter Martin Budd, Linda Zou. Graphene-PSS/l-DOPA nanocomposite cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis desalination. Environmental Science: Nano. 2020; 7 (10):3108-3123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adetunji Alabi; Levente Cseri; Ahmed Al Hajaj; Gyorgy Szekely; Peter Martin Budd; Linda Zou. 2020. "Graphene-PSS/l-DOPA nanocomposite cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis desalination." Environmental Science: Nano 7, no. 10: 3108-3123.

Research article
Published: 27 July 2020 in Macromolecules
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Quasielastic neutron scattering by employing a combination of time-of-flight and backscattering techniques is carried out to explore the molecular mobility of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) on microscopic timescales in comparison with a high-performance polyimide. Molecular fluctuations can change the structure of the temporary network of micropores and open or close pathways for gas molecules. Therefore, the investigation might help to understand the selectivity of PIMs in gas separation processes. The performed neutron scattering experiments provide evidence for a low-temperature relaxation process, which was assigned to methyl group rotation. This methyl group rotation was analyzed in terms of jump diffusion in a threefold potential. The analysis results in a fraction of methyl groups, which are immobilized. For PIM-1, it was found that the fraction of immobilized methyl groups decreases with increasing temperature up to 350 K. At higher temperatures, the number of immobilized methyl group increases gain due to an underlying relaxation process. This motional process on a somewhat larger length scale might lead to a reversible structural rearrangement, which partially hinders the strongly localized methyl group rotation. In addition, it was found that the activation energies for the methyl group rotation for PIM-1 and the polyimide are significantly higher than that for conventional polymers.

ACS Style

Reiner Zorn; Wiebke Lohstroh; Michaela Zamponi; Wayne J. Harrison; Peter M. Budd; Martin Böhning; Andreas Schönhals. Molecular Mobility of a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity Revealed by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 2020, 53, 6731 -6739.

AMA Style

Reiner Zorn, Wiebke Lohstroh, Michaela Zamponi, Wayne J. Harrison, Peter M. Budd, Martin Böhning, Andreas Schönhals. Molecular Mobility of a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity Revealed by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules. 2020; 53 (15):6731-6739.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reiner Zorn; Wiebke Lohstroh; Michaela Zamponi; Wayne J. Harrison; Peter M. Budd; Martin Böhning; Andreas Schönhals. 2020. "Molecular Mobility of a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity Revealed by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering." Macromolecules 53, no. 15: 6731-6739.

Research article
Published: 07 January 2020 in Macromolecules
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The synthesis of PIM-1 is reported from step-growth polymerizations of 5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobisindane with the commercially cheaper monomer, tetrachloroterephthalonitrile. Nitrogen-purged polymerizations (100–160 °C) were quenched after a monitored increase in viscosity. A combination of multiple detector size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry, dynamic light scattering, and elemental analysis was used to elucidate significant structural differences (cyclic, branched, tadpole, extended, and network topologies) in the polymers produced under different conditions. A significant proportion of the apparent surface area (up to 200 m2 g–1) associated with PIM-1 can be attributable to whether its contorted polymer chains in fact link to form cyclic or other nonlinear structures. Membranes cast from solutions of polymer samples containing higher branching and network contents exhibited higher gas pair selectivities (CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2), above the Robeson 2008 upper bound. A toolbox approach to the characterization and production of topologically different PIM-1 samples has been developed which can be used to tune membrane performance for gas separation and other applications.

ACS Style

Andrew B. Foster; Marzieh Tamaddondar; Jose M. Luque-Alled; Wayne J. Harrison; Ze Li; Patricia Gorgojo; Peter M. Budd. Understanding the Topology of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-1: Cyclics, Tadpoles, and Network Structures and Their Impact on Membrane Performance. Macromolecules 2020, 53, 569 -583.

AMA Style

Andrew B. Foster, Marzieh Tamaddondar, Jose M. Luque-Alled, Wayne J. Harrison, Ze Li, Patricia Gorgojo, Peter M. Budd. Understanding the Topology of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-1: Cyclics, Tadpoles, and Network Structures and Their Impact on Membrane Performance. Macromolecules. 2020; 53 (2):569-583.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrew B. Foster; Marzieh Tamaddondar; Jose M. Luque-Alled; Wayne J. Harrison; Ze Li; Patricia Gorgojo; Peter M. Budd. 2020. "Understanding the Topology of the Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity PIM-1: Cyclics, Tadpoles, and Network Structures and Their Impact on Membrane Performance." Macromolecules 53, no. 2: 569-583.

Communication
Published: 17 December 2019 in Macromolecular Rapid Communications
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Microporous polymer nanosheets with thicknesses in the range 3-5 nm and with high apparent surface area (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area 940 m2 g-1 ) are formed when the effectively bifunctional (tetrafluoro) monomer used in the preparation of the prototypical polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 is replaced with an effectively tetrafunctional (octafluoro) monomer to give a tightly crosslinked network structure. When employed as a filler in mixed-matrix membranes based on PIM-1, a low loading of 0.5 wt% network-PIM-1 nanosheets gives rise to enhanced CO2 permeability and CO2 /CH4 selectivity, compared to pure PIM-1.

ACS Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar; Andrew B. Foster; Jose M. Luque‐Alled; Kadhum J. Msayib; Mariolino Carta; Sara Sorribas; Patricia Gorgojo; Neil B. McKeown; Peter M. Budd. Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for High‐Performance Gas Separation Membranes. Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2019, 41, e1900572 .

AMA Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar, Andrew B. Foster, Jose M. Luque‐Alled, Kadhum J. Msayib, Mariolino Carta, Sara Sorribas, Patricia Gorgojo, Neil B. McKeown, Peter M. Budd. Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for High‐Performance Gas Separation Membranes. Macromolecular Rapid Communications. 2019; 41 (2):e1900572.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marzieh Tamaddondar; Andrew B. Foster; Jose M. Luque‐Alled; Kadhum J. Msayib; Mariolino Carta; Sara Sorribas; Patricia Gorgojo; Neil B. McKeown; Peter M. Budd. 2019. "Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for High‐Performance Gas Separation Membranes." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 41, no. 2: e1900572.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2019 in Trends in Chemistry
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Membranes formed from polymers with rigid, contorted backbones have been explored for the separation of a variety of liquid and gaseous mixtures. Recent research reported by Helms and colleagues opens a whole new area of application, demonstrating cation-exchange membranes with exceptional performance for new batteries.

ACS Style

Peter M. Budd. Designer Polymers Boost Cation Exchange. Trends in Chemistry 2019, 1, 797 -798.

AMA Style

Peter M. Budd. Designer Polymers Boost Cation Exchange. Trends in Chemistry. 2019; 1 (9):797-798.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter M. Budd. 2019. "Designer Polymers Boost Cation Exchange." Trends in Chemistry 1, no. 9: 797-798.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2019 in Composites Science and Technology
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This paper presents the development and validation of a numerical simulation method using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to predict the permeability of epoxy resin (ER) composites with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). Gas permeability tests were carried out for a series of GNP/ER nanocomposites with different loadings and diameters of GNPs. The experimental results confirm that inclusion of GNPs in ER significantly decreased the effective gas permeability, with the highest reduction of 66% when the GNP loading was 3 wt%. The effects of using different diameters of GNPs show that using GNPs of 25 μm in diameter achieved less reduction in gas permeability than using GNPs of smaller diameters of 5 and 15 μm at the same loading of 1 wt%. This unexpected result has now been explained by the developed numerical model. The microstructures of GNPs filled ER composites were numerically reconstructed for the relative gas permeability prediction model using LBM. The 3D X-ray CT scan images clearly show agglomeration of GNPs, in particular when the diameter of GNPs is large (25 μm), due to strong van der Waals forces. An agglomeration sub-model was thus incorporated when numerically constructing the microstructure of GNPs filled ER composites. Agglomeration of GNPs results in the formation of a small number of super-thick GNPs, leaving large spaces as ER-rich area without any GNP. This led the GNPs filled ER with 25 μm of GNP diameter to obtain a lower reduction in gas permeability than smaller GNPs filled ER. The results of numerical sensitivity studies on surface area, rotation, curling and folding of GNP flakes suggest that it is acceptable to use flat disk shaped flakes to represent amorphous GNPs with small degrees of deformation (less than 20° and 1.5 for folding angle and curling rate respectively). The results also show that the projection area perpendicular to the overall gas flow direction dominates the overall gas barrier effect of GNPs. The feasibility of using 2D models is demonstrated and it is acceptable to assume that the GNPs in the prepared samples are uniformly sized with a diameter equal to the nominal diameter. This numerical simulation model significantly improves the accuracy for prediction of reduction in gas permeability, over that of existing analytical models, when compared against the authors’ experimental results and experimental data from literature.

ACS Style

Qiangjun Zhang; Yong C. Wang; Colin G. Bailey; Oana M. Istrate; Zheling Li; Ian A. Kinloch; Peter M. Budd. Quantification of gas permeability of epoxy resin composites with graphene nanoplatelets. Composites Science and Technology 2019, 184, 107875 .

AMA Style

Qiangjun Zhang, Yong C. Wang, Colin G. Bailey, Oana M. Istrate, Zheling Li, Ian A. Kinloch, Peter M. Budd. Quantification of gas permeability of epoxy resin composites with graphene nanoplatelets. Composites Science and Technology. 2019; 184 ():107875.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiangjun Zhang; Yong C. Wang; Colin G. Bailey; Oana M. Istrate; Zheling Li; Ian A. Kinloch; Peter M. Budd. 2019. "Quantification of gas permeability of epoxy resin composites with graphene nanoplatelets." Composites Science and Technology 184, no. : 107875.

Communication
Published: 14 August 2019 in Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are distinguished from other polymers in how the diffusion coefficients for light gases depend on their effective size, with a stronger size-selective trend for gases larger than He and H2.

ACS Style

Alessio Fuoco; Carmen Rizzuto; Elena Tocci; Marcello Monteleone; Elisa Esposito; Peter M. Budd; Mariolino Carta; Bibiana Comesaña-Gándara; Neil B. McKeown; Johannes C. Jansen. The origin of size-selective gas transport through polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2019, 7, 20121 -20126.

AMA Style

Alessio Fuoco, Carmen Rizzuto, Elena Tocci, Marcello Monteleone, Elisa Esposito, Peter M. Budd, Mariolino Carta, Bibiana Comesaña-Gándara, Neil B. McKeown, Johannes C. Jansen. The origin of size-selective gas transport through polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2019; 7 (35):20121-20126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessio Fuoco; Carmen Rizzuto; Elena Tocci; Marcello Monteleone; Elisa Esposito; Peter M. Budd; Mariolino Carta; Bibiana Comesaña-Gándara; Neil B. McKeown; Johannes C. Jansen. 2019. "The origin of size-selective gas transport through polymers of intrinsic microporosity." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 35: 20121-20126.

Journal article
Published: 08 August 2019 in BMC Chemical Engineering
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ACS Style

Richard Kirk; Maia Putintseva; Alexey Volkov; Peter M. Budd. The potential of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) and PIM/graphene composites for pervaporation membranes. BMC Chemical Engineering 2019, 1, 1 .

AMA Style

Richard Kirk, Maia Putintseva, Alexey Volkov, Peter M. Budd. The potential of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) and PIM/graphene composites for pervaporation membranes. BMC Chemical Engineering. 2019; 1 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard Kirk; Maia Putintseva; Alexey Volkov; Peter M. Budd. 2019. "The potential of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) and PIM/graphene composites for pervaporation membranes." BMC Chemical Engineering 1, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2019 in ACS Macro Letters
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ACS Style

Huajie Yin; Bin Yang; Yeong Zen Chua; Paulina Szymoniak; Mariolino Carta; Richard Malpass-Evans; Neil B. McKeown; Wayne J. Harrison; Peter M. Budd; Christoph Schick; Martin Böhning; Andreas Schönhals. Effect of Backbone Rigidity on the Glass Transition of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Probed by Fast Scanning Calorimetry. ACS Macro Letters 2019, 8, 1022 -1028.

AMA Style

Huajie Yin, Bin Yang, Yeong Zen Chua, Paulina Szymoniak, Mariolino Carta, Richard Malpass-Evans, Neil B. McKeown, Wayne J. Harrison, Peter M. Budd, Christoph Schick, Martin Böhning, Andreas Schönhals. Effect of Backbone Rigidity on the Glass Transition of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Probed by Fast Scanning Calorimetry. ACS Macro Letters. 2019; 8 (8):1022-1028.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huajie Yin; Bin Yang; Yeong Zen Chua; Paulina Szymoniak; Mariolino Carta; Richard Malpass-Evans; Neil B. McKeown; Wayne J. Harrison; Peter M. Budd; Christoph Schick; Martin Böhning; Andreas Schönhals. 2019. "Effect of Backbone Rigidity on the Glass Transition of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Probed by Fast Scanning Calorimetry." ACS Macro Letters 8, no. 8: 1022-1028.

Paper
Published: 25 February 2019 in Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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A new series of thin film composite membranes with high CO2 permeance (up to 8000 GPU) and CO2/N2 selectivity (up to 55.7) was designed and fabricated via coating PIM-1 solution in a mixture of chloroform and trichloroethylene on top of a cross-linked PTMSP gutter layer.

ACS Style

Ilya Borisov; Danila Bakhtin; Jose M. Luque-Alled; Anastasiya Rybakova; Veronika Makarova; Andrew B. Foster; Wayne J. Harrison; Vladimir Volkov; Viktoria Polevaya; Patricia Gorgojo; Eric Prestat; Peter M. Budd; Alexey Volkov. Synergistic enhancement of gas selectivity in thin film composite membranes of PIM-1. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2019, 7, 6417 -6430.

AMA Style

Ilya Borisov, Danila Bakhtin, Jose M. Luque-Alled, Anastasiya Rybakova, Veronika Makarova, Andrew B. Foster, Wayne J. Harrison, Vladimir Volkov, Viktoria Polevaya, Patricia Gorgojo, Eric Prestat, Peter M. Budd, Alexey Volkov. Synergistic enhancement of gas selectivity in thin film composite membranes of PIM-1. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2019; 7 (11):6417-6430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilya Borisov; Danila Bakhtin; Jose M. Luque-Alled; Anastasiya Rybakova; Veronika Makarova; Andrew B. Foster; Wayne J. Harrison; Vladimir Volkov; Viktoria Polevaya; Patricia Gorgojo; Eric Prestat; Peter M. Budd; Alexey Volkov. 2019. "Synergistic enhancement of gas selectivity in thin film composite membranes of PIM-1." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 11: 6417-6430.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2019 in Separation and Purification Technology
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The separation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from its mixtures with methanol was studied using pervaporation (PV) and vapour permeation (VP) through thick (∼0.5 mm) PIM-1 membranes; PV characteristics of PDMS and PTMSP membranes are provided for comparison. DMC is a “green” chemical with numerous applications in chemistry, but its production is energy- and cost-intensive. As their azeotrope contains 82 mol.% of methanol at 40 °C, DMC-selective rather than common methanol-selective membranes can allow for energy efficient separation and thus production of this “green chemical”. PV of the azeotropic mixture through the PIM-1 membrane showed a separation factor of 2.3, which is comparable to that observed for PV through the PDMS membrane; the PTMSP membrane showed practically no separation. The total PV fluxes followed the order: PTMSP >> PIM-1 > PDMS. When the PIM-1 membrane was operated in the VP mode, a separation factor of up to 5.1 was reached for the vapours having the azeotropic composition, while total fluxes dropped ca 50-times compared to PV. The highest observed separation factor of 6.5 was found for VP of DMC-rich vapour mixtures highly diluted with inert gas. To our knowledge, VP through PIM-1 membranes enables to date the most selective membrane-based removal of DMC from its azeotrope with methanol.

ACS Style

Petr Číhal; Ondřej Vopička; Tereza-Markéta Durďáková; Peter Budd; Wayne Harrison; Karel Friess. Pervaporation and vapour permeation of methanol – dimethyl carbonate mixtures through PIM-1 membranes. Separation and Purification Technology 2019, 217, 206 -214.

AMA Style

Petr Číhal, Ondřej Vopička, Tereza-Markéta Durďáková, Peter Budd, Wayne Harrison, Karel Friess. Pervaporation and vapour permeation of methanol – dimethyl carbonate mixtures through PIM-1 membranes. Separation and Purification Technology. 2019; 217 ():206-214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Petr Číhal; Ondřej Vopička; Tereza-Markéta Durďáková; Peter Budd; Wayne Harrison; Karel Friess. 2019. "Pervaporation and vapour permeation of methanol – dimethyl carbonate mixtures through PIM-1 membranes." Separation and Purification Technology 217, no. : 206-214.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2018 in Separation and Purification Technology
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This work presents a study on mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1, embedding the crystalline Cr-terephthalate metal-organic framework (MOF), known as MIL-101. Different kinds of MIL-101 were used: MIL-101 with an average particle size of ca. 0.2 µm, NanoMIL-101 (ca. 50 nm), ED-MIL-101 (MIL-101 functionalized with ethylene diamine) and NH2-MIL-101 (MIL-101 synthesized using 2-aminoterephthalic acid instead of terephthalic acid). Permeability, diffusion and solubility coefficients and their corresponding ideal selectivities were determined for the gases He, H2, O2, N2, CH4 and CO2 on the “as-cast” samples and after alcohol treatment. The performance of the MMMs was evaluated in relation to the Maxwell model. The addition of NH2-MIL-101 and ED-MIL-101 does not increase the membrane performance for the CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 separation because of an initial decrease in selectivity at low MOF content, whereas the O2 and N2 permeability both increase for NH2-MIL-101. In contrast, MIL-101 and NanoMIL-101 cause a strong shift to higher permeability in the Robeson diagrams for all gas pairs, especially for CO2, without significant change in selectivity. Unprecedented CO2 permeabilities up to 35,600 Barrer were achieved, which are among the highest values reached with PIM-1 based mixed matrix membranes. For various gas pairs, the permeability and selectivity were far above the Robeson upper bound after alcohol treatment. Short to medium time aging shows that alcohol treated samples with MIL-101 maintain a systematically higher permeability in time. Mixed gas permeation experiments on an aged as-cast sample with 47 vol% MIL-101 reveal that the MMM sample maintains an excellent combination of permeability and selectivity, far above the Robeson upper bound (CO2=3,500-3,800 Barrer, CO2/N2= 25-27; CO2/CH4=21-24). This suggests good perspectives for these materials in thin film composite membranes for real applications.

ACS Style

Muhanned Khdhayyer; Alexandra F. Bushell; Peter Budd; Martin Attfield; Dongmei Jiang; Andrew Burrows; Elisa Esposito; Paola Bernardo; Marcello Monteleone; Alessio Fuoco; Gabriele Clarizia; Fabio Bazzarelli; Amalia Gordano; Johannes Jansen. Mixed matrix membranes based on MIL-101 metal–organic frameworks in polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1. Separation and Purification Technology 2018, 212, 545 -554.

AMA Style

Muhanned Khdhayyer, Alexandra F. Bushell, Peter Budd, Martin Attfield, Dongmei Jiang, Andrew Burrows, Elisa Esposito, Paola Bernardo, Marcello Monteleone, Alessio Fuoco, Gabriele Clarizia, Fabio Bazzarelli, Amalia Gordano, Johannes Jansen. Mixed matrix membranes based on MIL-101 metal–organic frameworks in polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1. Separation and Purification Technology. 2018; 212 ():545-554.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhanned Khdhayyer; Alexandra F. Bushell; Peter Budd; Martin Attfield; Dongmei Jiang; Andrew Burrows; Elisa Esposito; Paola Bernardo; Marcello Monteleone; Alessio Fuoco; Gabriele Clarizia; Fabio Bazzarelli; Amalia Gordano; Johannes Jansen. 2018. "Mixed matrix membranes based on MIL-101 metal–organic frameworks in polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1." Separation and Purification Technology 212, no. : 545-554.

Journals
Published: 08 November 2018 in Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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Reaching beyond the upper limits of electromembrane desalination processes with novel graphene-based nanocomposite anion exchange membranes.

ACS Style

Levente Cseri; Joseph Baugh; Adetunji Alabi; Ahmed AlHajaj; Linda Zou; Robert A. W. Dryfe; Peter Martin Budd; Gyorgy Szekely. Graphene oxide–polybenzimidazolium nanocomposite anion exchange membranes for electrodialysis. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2018, 6, 24728 -24739.

AMA Style

Levente Cseri, Joseph Baugh, Adetunji Alabi, Ahmed AlHajaj, Linda Zou, Robert A. W. Dryfe, Peter Martin Budd, Gyorgy Szekely. Graphene oxide–polybenzimidazolium nanocomposite anion exchange membranes for electrodialysis. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2018; 6 (48):24728-24739.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Levente Cseri; Joseph Baugh; Adetunji Alabi; Ahmed AlHajaj; Linda Zou; Robert A. W. Dryfe; Peter Martin Budd; Gyorgy Szekely. 2018. "Graphene oxide–polybenzimidazolium nanocomposite anion exchange membranes for electrodialysis." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 48: 24728-24739.