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Institute for Public Health National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Aim Older persons are vulnerable to food insecurity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of food insecurity and associated factors among older persons in Malaysia. Methods This is a cross‐sectional study with two‐stage stratified random sampling. In total, 3977 older persons participated in this study. Face‐to‐face interviews were conducted using a mobile device to obtain information about socio‐demographic background, food insecurity, non‐communicable diseases, social support and living arrangements. Descriptive and multiple complex sample logistic regression analyses were performed for data analysis. Results The overall prevalence of food insecurity among older persons was 10.4%. Older persons from rural areas with no or only primary and secondary education, income less than RM 2000 (USD 477.57), at risk of malnutrition and not receiving very high social support were more likely to be food‐insecure. Conclusion Approximately, one‐tenth of Malaysian older adults were classified as food‐insecure; particularly those living in rural areas from lower socio‐economic status, not receiving very high social support and malnourished were more likely to be at risk. A specific nutrition program, such as meals on wheels and food vouchers, should be targeted toward older persons who are at risk to improve their malnutrition status. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 73–78.
Ruhaya Salleh; Cheong Siew Man; Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad; Lalitha Palaniveloo; Norlida Zulkafly; Siti Adibah Ab.Halim; Azli [email protected]; Norhasmah Sulaiman; Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim; Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz; Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin; Munawara Pardi; Ahmad Ali Zainuddin; Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar; Suzana Shahar; Rusidah Selamat; Norazizah Ibrahim Wong. Factors contributing to food insecurity among older persons in Malaysia: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey ( NHMS ) 2018. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2020, 20, 73 -78.
AMA StyleRuhaya Salleh, Cheong Siew Man, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Lalitha Palaniveloo, Norlida Zulkafly, Siti Adibah Ab.Halim, Azli [email protected], Norhasmah Sulaiman, Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim, Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz, Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin, Munawara Pardi, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar, Suzana Shahar, Rusidah Selamat, Norazizah Ibrahim Wong. Factors contributing to food insecurity among older persons in Malaysia: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey ( NHMS ) 2018. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2020; 20 (S2):73-78.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuhaya Salleh; Cheong Siew Man; Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad; Lalitha Palaniveloo; Norlida Zulkafly; Siti Adibah Ab.Halim; Azli [email protected]; Norhasmah Sulaiman; Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim; Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz; Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin; Munawara Pardi; Ahmad Ali Zainuddin; Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar; Suzana Shahar; Rusidah Selamat; Norazizah Ibrahim Wong. 2020. "Factors contributing to food insecurity among older persons in Malaysia: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey ( NHMS ) 2018." Geriatrics & Gerontology International 20, no. S2: 73-78.
(1) Background: One of the most main dietary assessments is through a posteriori application. Although extensive research has incorporated dietary assessment of a population through a posteriori application, this study is the first to examine the Malaysian population and use an a posteriori method and principal component analysis (PCA) to assess the dietary patterns of the Malaysian population. The correlation between all dietary patterns derived via PCA and selected nutrient intake were determined in this sample of study; (2) Methods: A total of 3063 respondents (18 to 59 years old) covering Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak, participated in this study. PCA was applied on the food frequency questionnaire collected from the respondents, and descriptive statistics and PCA were performed using SPSS version 21; (3) Results: Six patterns were identified: "traditional", " prudent", " modern", "western", "Chinese", and "combination" diets. All together, these six patterns were able to explain 45.9% of the total variability. Few components derived from the factor loadings showed positive association with several nutrient markers. The traditional dietary pattern showed a moderate, positive correlation with total protein and total sugar intake, there was a significant moderate correlation between the prudent dietary pattern and dietary fibre, and there was a moderate positive association between the Chinese dietary pattern and total energy; and (4) Conclusions: The exploration of the PCA approach above may provide justification for assessment of dietary patterns rather than reliance on single nutrients or foods to identify potential connections to overall nutritional wellbeing as well as to explore the diet–disease relationship. However, study of pattern analysis must be conducted among the Malaysian population to produce validity and reproducibility for this dietary approach in light of the numerous methodological issues that arise when performing PCA.
Asma’ Ali; Barrie M. Margetts; Ahmad Ali Zainuddin. Exploration of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach in Synthesizing the Diet Quality of the Malaysian Population. Nutrients 2020, 13, 70 .
AMA StyleAsma’ Ali, Barrie M. Margetts, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin. Exploration of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach in Synthesizing the Diet Quality of the Malaysian Population. Nutrients. 2020; 13 (1):70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsma’ Ali; Barrie M. Margetts; Ahmad Ali Zainuddin. 2020. "Exploration of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach in Synthesizing the Diet Quality of the Malaysian Population." Nutrients 13, no. 1: 70.