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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are networks of thousands of nodes installed in a defined physical environment to sense and monitor its state condition. The viability of such a network is directly dependent and limited by the power of batteries supplying the nodes of these networks, which represents a disadvantage of such a network. To improve and extend the life of WSNs, scientists around the world regularly develop various routing protocols that minimize and optimize the energy consumption of sensor network nodes. This article, introduces a new heterogeneous-aware routing protocol well known as Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network or EZ-SEP, where the connection of nodes to a base station (BS) is done via a hybrid method, i.e., a certain amount of nodes communicate with the base station directly, while the remaining ones form a cluster to transfer data. Parameters of the field are unknown, and the field is partitioned into zones depending on the node energy. We reviewed the Z-SEP protocol concerning the election of the cluster head (CH) and its communication with BS and presented a novel extended mechanism for the selection of the CH based on remaining residual energy. In addition, EZ-SEP is weighted up using various estimation schemes such as base station repositioning, altering the field density, and variable nodes energy for comparison with the previous parent algorithm. EZ-SEP was executed and compared to routing protocols such as Z-SEP, SEP, and LEACH. The proposed algorithm performed using the MATLAB R2016b simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed extended version performs better than Z-SEP in the stability period due to an increase in the number of active nodes by 48%, in efficiency of network by the high packet delivery coefficient by 16% and optimizes the average power consumption compared to by 34.
Zhanserik Nurlan; Tamara Zhukabayeva; Mohamed Othman. EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network. Sensors 2021, 21, 1021 .
AMA StyleZhanserik Nurlan, Tamara Zhukabayeva, Mohamed Othman. EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1021.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhanserik Nurlan; Tamara Zhukabayeva; Mohamed Othman. 2021. "EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1021.
The main course of this paper will be to assess the applicability of dynamic routing protocols in Mesh networks. In the process, evaluation criteria were identified, an evaluation method was developed and implemented using simulation in the NS-3 environment, a method for describing a topology has been proposed, and an experiment was conducted using the method on a simulated network topology. The experiment showed the possibility of applying the method to evaluate such indicators as throughput and error rate, loss coefficient, delay variation and network delay. The results obtained allowed to conclude about the applicability of particular routing protocol to specified topology with specific network quality requirements.
Zhanserik Nurlan; Tamara Zhukabayeva; Mohamed Othman. Mesh Network Dynamic Routing Protocols. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) 2019, 364 -369.
AMA StyleZhanserik Nurlan, Tamara Zhukabayeva, Mohamed Othman. Mesh Network Dynamic Routing Protocols. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET). 2019; ():364-369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhanserik Nurlan; Tamara Zhukabayeva; Mohamed Othman. 2019. "Mesh Network Dynamic Routing Protocols." 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) , no. : 364-369.