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Jennifer I. Schmidt
Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

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Short Biography

Professor of Natural Resource Management and Policy

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Preprint content
Published: 01 April 2021
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The food-energy-water (FEW) nexus describes interactions among domains that yield gains or tradeoffs when analyzed together rather than independently. In a project about renewable energy in rural Alaska communities, we applied this concept to examine the implications for sustainability and resilience. The FEW nexus provided a useful framework for identifying the cross-domain benefits of renewable energy, including gains in FEW security. However, other factors such as transportation and governance also play a major role in determining FEW security outcomes in rural Alaska. Here we show the implications of our findings for theory and practice. The precise configurations of and relationships among FEW nexus components vary by place and time, and the range of factors involved further complicates the ability to develop a functional, systematic FEW model. Instead, we suggest how the FEW nexus may be applied conceptually to identify and understand cross-domain interactions that contribute to long-term sustainability and resilience.

ACS Style

Henry P. Huntington; Jennifer Schmidt; Philip A. Loring; Erin Whitney; Srijan Aggarwal; Amanda G. Byrd; Subhabrata Dev; Aaron D. Dotson; Daisy Huang; Barbara Johnson; Justus Karenzi; Henry J.F. Penn; AlexAnna Salmon; Daniel J. Sambor; William E. Schnabel; Richard W. Wies; Michelle Wilber. Applying the FEW nexus concept at the local scale. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Henry P. Huntington, Jennifer Schmidt, Philip A. Loring, Erin Whitney, Srijan Aggarwal, Amanda G. Byrd, Subhabrata Dev, Aaron D. Dotson, Daisy Huang, Barbara Johnson, Justus Karenzi, Henry J.F. Penn, AlexAnna Salmon, Daniel J. Sambor, William E. Schnabel, Richard W. Wies, Michelle Wilber. Applying the FEW nexus concept at the local scale. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henry P. Huntington; Jennifer Schmidt; Philip A. Loring; Erin Whitney; Srijan Aggarwal; Amanda G. Byrd; Subhabrata Dev; Aaron D. Dotson; Daisy Huang; Barbara Johnson; Justus Karenzi; Henry J.F. Penn; AlexAnna Salmon; Daniel J. Sambor; William E. Schnabel; Richard W. Wies; Michelle Wilber. 2021. "Applying the FEW nexus concept at the local scale." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2021 in Land
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The late-season extreme fire activity in Southcentral Alaska during 2019 was highly unusual and consequential. Firefighting operations had to be extended by a month in 2019 due to the extreme conditions of hot summer temperature and prolonged drought. The ongoing fires created poor air quality in the region containing most of Alaska’s population, leading to substantial impacts to public health. Suppression costs totaled over $70 million for Southcentral Alaska. This study’s main goals are to place the 2019 season into historical context, provide an attribution analysis, and assess future changes in wildfire risk in the region. The primary tools are meteorological observations and climate model simulations from the NCAR CESM Large Ensemble (LENS). The 2019 fire season in Southcentral Alaska included the hottest and driest June–August season over the 1979–2019 period. The LENS simulation analysis suggests that the anthropogenic signal of increased fire risk had not yet emerged in 2019 because of the CESM’s internal variability, but that the anthropogenic signal will emerge by the 2040–80 period. The effect of warming temperatures dominates the effect of enhanced precipitation in the trend towards increased fire risk.

ACS Style

Uma S. Bhatt; Rick T. Lader; John E. Walsh; Peter A. Bieniek; Richard Thoman; Matthew Berman; Cecilia Borries-Strigle; Kristi Bulock; Jonathan Chriest; Micah Hahn; Amy S. Hendricks; Randi Jandt; Joseph Little; Daniel McEvoy; Chris Moore; T. Scott Rupp; Jennifer Schmidt; Eric Stevens; Heidi Strader; Christine Waigl; James White; Alison York; Robert Ziel. Emerging Anthropogenic Influences on the Southcentral Alaska Temperature and Precipitation Extremes and Related Fires in 2019. Land 2021, 10, 82 .

AMA Style

Uma S. Bhatt, Rick T. Lader, John E. Walsh, Peter A. Bieniek, Richard Thoman, Matthew Berman, Cecilia Borries-Strigle, Kristi Bulock, Jonathan Chriest, Micah Hahn, Amy S. Hendricks, Randi Jandt, Joseph Little, Daniel McEvoy, Chris Moore, T. Scott Rupp, Jennifer Schmidt, Eric Stevens, Heidi Strader, Christine Waigl, James White, Alison York, Robert Ziel. Emerging Anthropogenic Influences on the Southcentral Alaska Temperature and Precipitation Extremes and Related Fires in 2019. Land. 2021; 10 (1):82.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Uma S. Bhatt; Rick T. Lader; John E. Walsh; Peter A. Bieniek; Richard Thoman; Matthew Berman; Cecilia Borries-Strigle; Kristi Bulock; Jonathan Chriest; Micah Hahn; Amy S. Hendricks; Randi Jandt; Joseph Little; Daniel McEvoy; Chris Moore; T. Scott Rupp; Jennifer Schmidt; Eric Stevens; Heidi Strader; Christine Waigl; James White; Alison York; Robert Ziel. 2021. "Emerging Anthropogenic Influences on the Southcentral Alaska Temperature and Precipitation Extremes and Related Fires in 2019." Land 10, no. 1: 82.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2020 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Energy costs are large and increasing in rural Alaska communities, so communities are turning to renewable energy. While, many of these communities have a mixed subsistence-cash economy, the relationship between renewable energy and subsistence has not been studied. Tanana, Alaska has a biomass program and we conducted interviews with 61 households in 2017 to understand how residents perceive the program and its association with subsistence activities. We analyzed Alaska Department of Fish & Game subsistence surveys from 89 communities to estimate differences in subsistence harvest between households that harvest wood and those that do not. Interviews indicated that people who harvest wood for the biomass program were six times more likely to engage in subsistence. Subsistence harvests were nearly double (184 kg/per capita) in households that harvested wood for personal use versus those that did not (101 kg/per capita). Equipment used for both activities was similar, and 57% respondents combined wood harvesting with other activities (e.g. subsistence, travel, etc.). Higher household incomes and employment were positively associated with subsistence participation (p < 0.001) while only household incomes was positively associated with wood harvest through the biomass program (p < 0.001). Overall, the program was perceived as having a positive effect (69%) for the community because it has created jobs (36%), saved people money (23%), promoted sharing (16%), and reduced fuel use by the community (15%). Our research shows that biomass programs have the potential to complement subsistence activities and enhance the sustainability of communities in rural Alaska that are faced with high energy costs.

ACS Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt; Amanda Byrd; Jennifer Curl; Todd J. Brinkman; Krista Heeringa. Stoking the flame: Subsistence and wood energy in rural Alaska, United States. Energy Research & Social Science 2020, 71, 101819 .

AMA Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt, Amanda Byrd, Jennifer Curl, Todd J. Brinkman, Krista Heeringa. Stoking the flame: Subsistence and wood energy in rural Alaska, United States. Energy Research & Social Science. 2020; 71 ():101819.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt; Amanda Byrd; Jennifer Curl; Todd J. Brinkman; Krista Heeringa. 2020. "Stoking the flame: Subsistence and wood energy in rural Alaska, United States." Energy Research & Social Science 71, no. : 101819.

Research article
Published: 04 December 2019 in Ambio
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This study of aviation-related recreation loss shows that a survey primarily aimed at collecting information on invasive species’ pathways can also be used to estimate changes in pathway-related ecosystem services. We present a case study for Elodea spp. (elodea), Alaska’s first known aquatic invasive plant, by combining respondents’ stated pre-invasion actual flights with stated post-invasion contingent behavior, plane operating costs, and site quality data. We asked pilots about the extent of continued flights should destinations become invaded and inhibit flight safety. We estimate a recreation demand model where the lost trip value to the average floatplane pilot whose destination is an elodea-invaded lake is US$185 (95 % CI $157, $211). Estimates of ecosystem damages incurred by private actors responsible for transmitting invaders can nudge actors to change behavior and inform adaptive ecosystem management. The policy and modeling implications of quantifying such damages and integration into more complex models are discussed.

ACS Style

Tobias Schwoerer; Joseph M. Little; Jennifer I. Schmidt; Kyle W. Borash. Hitchhikers on floats to Arctic freshwater: Private aviation and recreation loss from aquatic invasion. Ambio 2019, 49, 1364 -1376.

AMA Style

Tobias Schwoerer, Joseph M. Little, Jennifer I. Schmidt, Kyle W. Borash. Hitchhikers on floats to Arctic freshwater: Private aviation and recreation loss from aquatic invasion. Ambio. 2019; 49 (8):1364-1376.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tobias Schwoerer; Joseph M. Little; Jennifer I. Schmidt; Kyle W. Borash. 2019. "Hitchhikers on floats to Arctic freshwater: Private aviation and recreation loss from aquatic invasion." Ambio 49, no. 8: 1364-1376.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Sustainability
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Sustainable resource management depends on support from the public and local stakeholders. Fish, wildlife, and land management in remote areas face the challenge of working across vast areas, often with limited resources, to monitor land use or the status of the fish-and-wildlife populations. Resource managers depend on local residents, often Indigenous, to gain information about environmental changes and harvest trends. Developing mutual trust is thus important for the transfer of knowledge and sustainable use of land resources. We interviewed residents of eight communities in Arctic Alaska and Canada and analyzed their trust in resource governance organizations using mixed-methods. Trust was much greater among Alaska (72%) and Nunavut (62%) residents than Churchill (23%). Trust was highest for organizations that dealt with fish and wildlife issues, had no legal enforcement rights, and were associated with Indigenous peoples. Local organizations were trusted more than non-local in Alaska and Nunavut, but the opposite was true in Churchill. Association tests and modeling indicated that characteristics of organizations were significantly related to trust, whereas education was among the few individual-level characteristics that mattered for trust. Familiarity, communication, and education are crucial to improve, maintain, or foster trust for more effective management of natural resources in such remote communities.

ACS Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt; Douglas Clark; Nils Lokken; Jessica Lankshear; Vera Hausner. The Role of Trust in Sustainable Management of Land, Fish, and Wildlife Populations in the Arctic. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3124 .

AMA Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt, Douglas Clark, Nils Lokken, Jessica Lankshear, Vera Hausner. The Role of Trust in Sustainable Management of Land, Fish, and Wildlife Populations in the Arctic. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3124.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jennifer I. Schmidt; Douglas Clark; Nils Lokken; Jessica Lankshear; Vera Hausner. 2018. "The Role of Trust in Sustainable Management of Land, Fish, and Wildlife Populations in the Arctic." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3124.