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Pantelis Barouchas is an Associate Professor, MSc., PhD. in Soil Science, at the Department of Agriculture, University of Patras, Greece. His research activity is focusing on Soil Genesis and Problematic Soils focusing on heavy metals uptake by plants and non-destructive techniques for soil testing analysis. His research work includes publications in peer-reviewed international journals. He has more than 100 publications and contributions in scientific journals, scientific conferences, technical reports, books, and patents. He has been project manager and participated in more than 20 research and development projects in soil management for agricultural production, land reclamation, and agricultural engineering (ETCP GR-IT 2007-2013 IRMA project, FP7 EUROLEGUME; EPAN II 207-2013,AGROTRACE; Western Greece RIS3 Programme 2014-2020, SOILSYS, HYDRERO, OPORA, SquashHydr; ETCP GR-IT 2014-2020, TAGs, IR2MA project; Interreg – IPA CBC GR-AL 2014-2020, OLIVE_CULTURE; EPAnEK 2014-2020, ARETHOU5A; etc.).
Olive cultivation is expanding rapidly in the northwestern part of Greece, under both rainfed and irrigated practices. Irrigation can result in larger yields and economic returns, but trade-offs in the water–energy–pollution nexus remain a controversial and challenging issue. This study presents an environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Greek olive orchard systems in the plain of Arta (Epirus), comparing rainfed (baseline), Decision Support System (DSS)-based (smart) irrigation practices and farmer experience-based (conventional) irrigation practices. The contributions in this paper are, first, to provide a first quantitative indication of the environmental performance of Greek olive growing systems under different management strategies, and second, to detail the advantages that can be achieved using smart irrigation in olive cultivation in the Greek and Mediterranean contexts. Eighteen midpoints (e.g., climate change, water scarcity, acidification, freshwater eutrophication, etc.), two endpoints (damages on human health and ecosystem quality), and a single score (overall environmental impact) were quantified using the IMPACT World+ life cycle impact assessment method. The LCA model was set up using the OpenLCA software v1.10.3. The functional units were 1 ton of product (mass-based) and 1 ha of cultivated area (area-based) on a cradle-to-farm gate perspective. Irrigated systems had the lowest impacts per mass unit due to higher yields, but showed the highest impacts per cultivated area. The DSS-based irrigation management could reduce water and energy use by 42.1% compared to conventional practices. This is translated into a reduction of 5.3% per 1 ton and 10.4% per 1 ha of the total environmental impact. A sensitivity analysis of impact assessment models demonstrated that the benefits could be up to 18% for 1 ton of product or 22.6% for 1 ha of cultivated land. These results outline that DSS-based irrigation is a promising option to support less resource-intensive and sustainable intensification of irrigated agriculture systems in the plain of Arta.
Konstantina Fotia; Andi Mehmeti; Ioannis Tsirogiannis; George Nanos; Andreas Mamolos; Nikolaos Malamos; Pantelis Barouchas; Mladen Todorovic. LCA-Based Environmental Performance of Olive Cultivation in Northwestern Greece: From Rainfed to Irrigated through Conventional and Smart Crop Management Practices. Water 2021, 13, 1954 .
AMA StyleKonstantina Fotia, Andi Mehmeti, Ioannis Tsirogiannis, George Nanos, Andreas Mamolos, Nikolaos Malamos, Pantelis Barouchas, Mladen Todorovic. LCA-Based Environmental Performance of Olive Cultivation in Northwestern Greece: From Rainfed to Irrigated through Conventional and Smart Crop Management Practices. Water. 2021; 13 (14):1954.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonstantina Fotia; Andi Mehmeti; Ioannis Tsirogiannis; George Nanos; Andreas Mamolos; Nikolaos Malamos; Pantelis Barouchas; Mladen Todorovic. 2021. "LCA-Based Environmental Performance of Olive Cultivation in Northwestern Greece: From Rainfed to Irrigated through Conventional and Smart Crop Management Practices." Water 13, no. 14: 1954.
In this study, soil and aquatic sediments were sampled in the Aetoliko Lagoon and its catchment area, which is exclusively dominated by olive orchards. For the first time in Greece, soil as well as sediments samples of one coherent protected aquatic ecosystem were directly compared. In order to determine the influence that the usage of copper-based fungicides have on the lagoon sediments and on the soils of the surrounding area, twenty five (25) soil samples from different olive orchards that are bordering the water body and ten (10) sediment samples from the bottom of the lagoon were taken. The samples were analyzed for total copper content (total digestion) and extractable copper (diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid, DTPA, extraction method). Furthermore, soil/sedimentological and geochemical analyses such as pH, grain size, total organic carbon, total sulfur, total nitrogen, and calcium carbonate content were carried out. The results show that the total copper in soils ranges from 58.37 to 671.33 mg kg−1. In addition the DTPA-extractable copper in soils has an average value of 45.00 mg kg−1. The average value of total copper in soils (286.24 mg kg−1) is higher than the threshold value for the Cu concentration (100 mg kg−1) set by the EU countries. Total copper content in the lagoon sediments is lower than in soils and varies between 43.85 mg kg−1 and 71.87 mg kg−1. The DTPA-extractable copper in sediments is in low ranges from 0.14 to 0.60 mg kg−1. On average, the total copper value for the lagoon sediments (55.93 mg kg−1) exceeds the Toxicity Screening Value (25.20 mg kg−1) for Cu in freshwater sediments. From the present study, it is clear that, although the copper in soils of the surrounding lagoon area exceeds the threshold limit for ecological risk, the lagoon sediments are influenced in a smaller degree. Our study can be used as a valuable reference and baseline for future studies on the environmental monitoring of the Aetoliko lagoon, as well as for studies in similar ecosystems.
Pavlos Avramidis; Pantelis Barouchas; Thomas Dünwald; Ingmar Unkel; Dionisios Panagiotaras. The Influence of Olive Orchards Copper-Based Fungicide Use, in Soils and Sediments—The Case of Aetoliko (Etoliko) Lagoon Western Greece. Geosciences 2019, 9, 267 .
AMA StylePavlos Avramidis, Pantelis Barouchas, Thomas Dünwald, Ingmar Unkel, Dionisios Panagiotaras. The Influence of Olive Orchards Copper-Based Fungicide Use, in Soils and Sediments—The Case of Aetoliko (Etoliko) Lagoon Western Greece. Geosciences. 2019; 9 (6):267.
Chicago/Turabian StylePavlos Avramidis; Pantelis Barouchas; Thomas Dünwald; Ingmar Unkel; Dionisios Panagiotaras. 2019. "The Influence of Olive Orchards Copper-Based Fungicide Use, in Soils and Sediments—The Case of Aetoliko (Etoliko) Lagoon Western Greece." Geosciences 9, no. 6: 267.
Vanadium and Nickel may enter the human food chain through medicinal and culinary plants which in great doses are toxic to human, so it is important to determine their potential toxicity and health risk. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effects of Vanadium and Nickel on morphological characteristics and on Vanadium and Nickel uptake by shoots of mojito (Mentha × vilosa) and lavender (Lavandula anqustifolia). A completely randomized block design with five Vanadium treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg V L-1) and five replications per treatment and another one with five Nickel treatments (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg Ni L-1) and five replications per treatment for mojito and lavender were conducted in pots. No visible toxic or inhibitory symptoms were observed on the plants due to the increasing amounts of Vanadium or Nickel. Shoot dry matter and root dry matter of mojito and lavender decreased with increasing Vanadium rates. Vanadium uptake by shoots of mojito and lavender increased linearly with increasing Vanadium rates. Nickel uptake by shoots of lavender increased linearly with increasing rates of Nickel. Mojito is a Nickel accumulator.
Pantelis E. Barouchas; Anastasia Akoumianaki-Ioannidou; Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Nicholas K. Moustakas. Effects of Vanadium and Nickel on Morphological Characteristics and on Vanadium and Nickel Uptake by Shoots of Mojito (Mentha × villosa) and Lavender (Lavandula anqustifolia). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2018, 47, 487 -492.
AMA StylePantelis E. Barouchas, Anastasia Akoumianaki-Ioannidou, Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi, Nicholas K. Moustakas. Effects of Vanadium and Nickel on Morphological Characteristics and on Vanadium and Nickel Uptake by Shoots of Mojito (Mentha × villosa) and Lavender (Lavandula anqustifolia). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2018; 47 (2):487-492.
Chicago/Turabian StylePantelis E. Barouchas; Anastasia Akoumianaki-Ioannidou; Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Nicholas K. Moustakas. 2018. "Effects of Vanadium and Nickel on Morphological Characteristics and on Vanadium and Nickel Uptake by Shoots of Mojito (Mentha × villosa) and Lavender (Lavandula anqustifolia)." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 2: 487-492.
Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Pantelis E. Barouchas. Temperature effect on seed germination of four plants in sand from coastal sand dunes in Greece. International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research 2017, 3, 26 -35.
AMA StyleAglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi, Pantelis E. Barouchas. Temperature effect on seed germination of four plants in sand from coastal sand dunes in Greece. International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research. 2017; 3 (5):26-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Pantelis E. Barouchas. 2017. "Temperature effect on seed germination of four plants in sand from coastal sand dunes in Greece." International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research 3, no. 5: 26-35.
Pantelis E. Barouchas; I.L. Tsirogiannis; Nikolaos Malamos. Preface. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 2015, 4, 1 .
AMA StylePantelis E. Barouchas, I.L. Tsirogiannis, Nikolaos Malamos. Preface. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 2015; 4 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePantelis E. Barouchas; I.L. Tsirogiannis; Nikolaos Malamos. 2015. "Preface." Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 4, no. : 1.
The lime requirement (LR) in 39 surface acid soil samples (0–30 cm) from western Greece was calculated using a single-addition titration of successive 3-mL 0.022 M calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Soil pH measurements and titrations were performed in soil/water (1:2) and in a soil/0.01 M CaCl2 (1:2) suspension while being stirred. The results were referred to as ‘pH data group I’ and ‘pH data group II’, respectively. In each ‘pH data group’, the samples were separated into ‘pH data subgroups’, according to the total volume (mL) of 0.022 M Ca(OH)2 added to increase the initial pH (pHa) to a target value of 6.5 (pHt). The fitted linear regression equation pHt = b × volume + pHa was used for each ‘pH data group’ to determine the slope b. The b-weighted mean for each ‘pH data group’ was calculated. The LR was then calculated as follows: Mg CaCO3 ha−1 = 0.495 (pHt – pHa)/b, where b is the average weighted mean from the two ‘pH data groups’ and is equal to 0.227. The validity of the above equation was confirmed after incubation with Ca(OH)2 for 72 h. This procedure is simple and gives a rapid and accurate estimation of LR with respect to the environment.
Pantelis E. Barouchas; Nicholas Moustakas; Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi. A rapid procedure to calculate lime requirements based on single titration with base. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2013, 59, 317 -325.
AMA StylePantelis E. Barouchas, Nicholas Moustakas, Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi. A rapid procedure to calculate lime requirements based on single titration with base. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2013; 59 (2):317-325.
Chicago/Turabian StylePantelis E. Barouchas; Nicholas Moustakas; Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi. 2013. "A rapid procedure to calculate lime requirements based on single titration with base." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 59, no. 2: 317-325.
The purpose of this study is to describe an application that analyzes all the possible tasks a farmer makes in the field, from ploughing the soil, fertilization and use of herbicides, up to traceability of the agriculture products. Farmers are provided with smart phones and tablets for documenting their tasks and products in real time, so that they can use the Integrated Management System in an optimal way, ensuring practical, financial and environmental benefits. The agricultural products will be documented safely and stored in a central information point for future traceability. These documentations may follow the product till the consumer so that he has all the production information available. To achieve these goals a mobile information system is developed that includes amongst others decision support capabilities for the farmer. The system also offers mobile services so as to support the implementation of a whole network of producing units.
Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Dimitrios Tsolis; Pantelis Barouchas; Athanasia-Eleftheria Chantzi; Athanasios Koulopoulos; Nikolaos Malamos. Application of Mobile Technologies through an Integrated Management System for Agricultural Production. Procedia Technology 2013, 8, 165 -170.
AMA StyleAglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi, Dimitrios Tsolis, Pantelis Barouchas, Athanasia-Eleftheria Chantzi, Athanasios Koulopoulos, Nikolaos Malamos. Application of Mobile Technologies through an Integrated Management System for Agricultural Production. Procedia Technology. 2013; 8 ():165-170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi; Dimitrios Tsolis; Pantelis Barouchas; Athanasia-Eleftheria Chantzi; Athanasios Koulopoulos; Nikolaos Malamos. 2013. "Application of Mobile Technologies through an Integrated Management System for Agricultural Production." Procedia Technology 8, no. : 165-170.
Previous research has indicated that grafting fruit vegetables onto some rootstocks may restrict heavy metal uptake while improving the uptake of some nutrients. In the present study, the ability of four commercial C. maxima × C. moschata rootstocks to restrict Cd and Ni uptake and enhance nutrient uptake by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. ‘Creta’) under Cd or Ni stress was tested. In an experiment conducted at the Agricultural University of Athens from 04/11/2009 to 06/06/2009, non-grafted and grafted cucumber plants were exposed to excessively high external Cd and Ni concentrations (10 and 50 μmol L−1, respectively). The rootstocks used for grafting were ‘Creta’ (self-grafting treatment), ‘Power’, ‘TZ-148’, ‘Ferro’, and ‘Strong Tosa’. Of the tested rootstocks, ‘Power’ could efficiently restrict the Cd levels in all of the tested plant parts by 12–50% in comparison with all other grafting treatments. The levels of Ni in old leaves and fruit were significantly reduced in all grafted plants including the self-grafted ones by 22–32%, in comparison with non-grafted plants, with the exception of ‘Power’ in fruit. With respect to the root, the plants grafted onto‘TZ-148’, ‘Ferro’, and ‘Strong Tosa’ exhibited significantly lower Ni levels than both self-grafted and non-grafted ‘Creta’ plants, as well as plants grafted onto ‘Power’. Grafting onto the tested rootstocks did not improve nutrient uptake by cucumber, with the exception of ‘Power’ which enhanced the levels of K, Zn, and Mn in fruit, but this difference disappeared under Cd stress. Cadmium had little effect on Ca, Mg and K uptake by cucumber. Nickel enhanced Mg levels in stem, old leaves and fruit, Ca in fruit, and K in root and young leaves, while reducing the levels of Ca in stem and old leaves, and K in fruit. Both Cd and Ni imposed a deposition of Fe and Cu to the roots while restricting the Fe and Cu translocation to the aerial plant parts. The levels of Mn were reduced by both Cd and Ni in some plant parts, while those of Zn were reduced only by Ni stress in stem, fruit and young leaves. In conclusion, Cd and nutrient uptake by grafted cucumber depends on the rootstock genotype, while Ni uptake and translocation to different plant tissues depends on both, root genotype and grafting incision. Furthermore, Cd affects mainly the uptake of micronutrient cations by cucumber, while Ni results in a redistribution of all nutrient cations between some plant parts.
Dimitrios Savvas; Georgia Ntatsi; Pantelis Barouchas. Impact of grafting and rootstock genotype on cation uptake by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) exposed to Cd or Ni stress. Scientia Horticulturae 2013, 149, 86 -96.
AMA StyleDimitrios Savvas, Georgia Ntatsi, Pantelis Barouchas. Impact of grafting and rootstock genotype on cation uptake by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) exposed to Cd or Ni stress. Scientia Horticulturae. 2013; 149 ():86-96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDimitrios Savvas; Georgia Ntatsi; Pantelis Barouchas. 2013. "Impact of grafting and rootstock genotype on cation uptake by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) exposed to Cd or Ni stress." Scientia Horticulturae 149, no. : 86-96.
The objective of this study was to record the traditional knowledge of the native variety, Chalcidos of onion set (Allium cepa L.) in Achaia Prefecture, Greece. The plants were grown in soil types [Sandy Clay Loam (SCL), Silty Loam (SL) and Clay Loam (CL)] in two cropping seasons. Field preparation and sowing was performed according to the traditional in the region farming practices. The seeds were produced by farmers in region during the former cropping season. Seeds of onion set were used at a density of 12 kg ha-1. The N, P, K, Ca, Mg and B content in onion set plants was lower when the plants were grown in CL field, compared to the respective values in SCL and SL, in either cropping seasons. No differences were recorded in Ca, Zn and Fe content in plants. Differences in Mn content were observed in the plants and the best value was noticed when the plants were grown in the CL field. The Cu content in plants was higher in CL field compared to the respective values in SCL and SL. Content variation of plants in P, K, Ca and Na and in Mn, Cu and Fe micro-elements exhibits a diminishable trend in either cropping seasons. The macroelements concentrations in onion set for all soil types and cropping seasons were lower (N:1,62%, K:2,09%, P:0,20%, Mg:0,19%) than those referred in literature and this record of the documentation of traditional practices in this study can be used for verification of traditional culture authenticity.
A. Liopa-Tsak; Pantelis Barouchas; I.N. Xynias. Changes of Elements Concentration in Onion Set Plants (Allium cepa L.) Traditionally Cultivated Under Different Soil Types in Greece. International Journal of Agricultural Research 2011, 6, 643 -652.
AMA StyleA. Liopa-Tsak, Pantelis Barouchas, I.N. Xynias. Changes of Elements Concentration in Onion Set Plants (Allium cepa L.) Traditionally Cultivated Under Different Soil Types in Greece. International Journal of Agricultural Research. 2011; 6 (8):643-652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Liopa-Tsak; Pantelis Barouchas; I.N. Xynias. 2011. "Changes of Elements Concentration in Onion Set Plants (Allium cepa L.) Traditionally Cultivated Under Different Soil Types in Greece." International Journal of Agricultural Research 6, no. 8: 643-652.
Six well-drained Alfisols pedons, three from Eastern Greece (Thessaly) and three from Western Greece (Agrinio), were studied focusing on iron oxides distribution and color characteristics. The primary assumption was not confirmed that rainfall was the main factor controlling their color and pedogenetic characteristics. Additionally, pedogenetic indices could not be used to distinguish the soils of Thessaly and Agrinio area. Results indicated a significant correlation between Munsell value (lightness) and chroma (purity of color) with amorphous oxides. An isomorphous replacement of Fe for Al is considered as probable. Second derivative spectroscopy indicated that goethite was probably the prevalent iron oxide.
Pantelis E. Barouchas; Nicolaos K. Moustakas. Iron oxide distribution and color studies of well-drained Alfisols developed on calcareous alluvial deposits in Greece. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2010, 56, 539 -550.
AMA StylePantelis E. Barouchas, Nicolaos K. Moustakas. Iron oxide distribution and color studies of well-drained Alfisols developed on calcareous alluvial deposits in Greece. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2010; 56 (5):539-550.
Chicago/Turabian StylePantelis E. Barouchas; Nicolaos K. Moustakas. 2010. "Iron oxide distribution and color studies of well-drained Alfisols developed on calcareous alluvial deposits in Greece." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 56, no. 5: 539-550.
Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) grown on rockwool in a glasshouse were supplied with a nutrient solution (NS) containing 1.0 mM NH4+-N, or three NS containing 4.0 mM NH4+-N. In one of the high NH4+-N treatments, the K, Ca, Mg, and NO3–-N concentrations were reduced to maintain the same electrical conductivity (EC; 2.0 dS m–1), total-N (14.25 mM), and K:Ca:Mg ratio as in the low NH4+-N treatment. In the other two high NH4+-N treatments, the K, Ca and Mg levels were not altered, thus the extra NH4+-N elevated the EC to 2.3 dS m–1, while the NO3–-N was either reduced to maintain the same total-N as in the low NH4+-N treatment, or not altered, in which case the total-N rose to 17.25 mM. The concentrations of P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, and Mo were identical in all four treatments, while in the high NH4+-N treatments, ion balance was achieved by adjusting the concentration of SO42–. The increase in NH4+-N from 1.0 mM to 4.0 mM in the NS resulted in similar increases in NH4+-N in the root zone, as indicated by measurements of the drainage solution. High NH4+-N levels in the root zone restricted both the vegetative growth and fruit yields of eggplants by 17 – 30% and by 25 – 34%, respectively. The greater reduction in fruit yield was observed when the elevation in NH4+-N concentration was accompanied by an increase in EC, due to the additive effect of salinity. The adverse effects of an increased supply of NH4+-N may have been associated with a reduction in pH in the root zone and a fall in Mg levels in plant tissues. The increased supply of NH4+-N enhanced the concentrations of total-N, P, Mn, and Zn in fruit and leaf tissues, and those of Fe and Cu in leaf tissue. However, this effect was not beneficial to eggplant, in terms of growth and yield, because 1.0 mM NH4+-N proved sufficient to maintain adequate levels of these nutrients in leaves and fruit. We conclude that the increase in NH4+-N to 4.0 mM in the NS supplied was harmful to soilless eggplant crops. However, concomitant changes in the concentrations of other nutrients that are required to balance the extra NH4+-N supply may act synergistically if they increase the total salt concentration in the root zone.
Dimitrios Savvas; Heleni Leneti; Nikolaos Mantzos; Labrini Kakarantza; Pantelis Barouchas. Effects of enhanced NH 4+ -N supply and concomitant changes in the concentrations of other nutrients needed for ion balance on the growth, yield, and nutrient status of eggplants grown on rockwool. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 2010, 85, 355 -361.
AMA StyleDimitrios Savvas, Heleni Leneti, Nikolaos Mantzos, Labrini Kakarantza, Pantelis Barouchas. Effects of enhanced NH 4+ -N supply and concomitant changes in the concentrations of other nutrients needed for ion balance on the growth, yield, and nutrient status of eggplants grown on rockwool. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 2010; 85 (4):355-361.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDimitrios Savvas; Heleni Leneti; Nikolaos Mantzos; Labrini Kakarantza; Pantelis Barouchas. 2010. "Effects of enhanced NH 4+ -N supply and concomitant changes in the concentrations of other nutrients needed for ion balance on the growth, yield, and nutrient status of eggplants grown on rockwool." The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 85, no. 4: 355-361.
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were grown hydroponically using irrigation water with four different NaCl concentrations (0.8, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 mM) to compensate for transpiration losses. The experiment was carried out in 12 completely independent closed units, each of which contained two channels accommodating 80 plants per channel, and with 3 replicates per NaCl treatment. The amounts of nutrients supplied to compensate for plant uptake were identical in all experimental units. The different treatments were applied by automatically injecting the calculated amounts of NaCl into the irrigation water, which already contained 0.8 mM NaCl. During the experiment, no drainage solution was discharged. Initially, the recycling of the leachate resulted in a progressive increase in the electrical conductivity (EC) within the root zone (indicated by the values measured in the drainage solution) due principally to NaCl accumulation. However, 60–70 days after the initiation of recycling, the rate of EC increase declined and finally approached zero level, indicating that the EC had asymptomatically reached a maximum, the level of which depended on the NaCl concentration in the irrigation water. The maximum EC level was established as soon as the Na/water and Cl/water uptake ratios (uptake concentrations) had reached the concentration of NaCl in the irrigation water of the particular treatment. The gradual increase of the EC in the root zone imposed a corresponding decrease on water uptake. Due to the progressive increase of the EC, the early fruit yield of bean was hardly affected, but subsequently the yield losses imposed by increasing salinity were considerable. Yield suppression resulted from a decrease in both the mean fruit (pod) weight and the number of pods per plant. The progressive increase in EC did not depress the K, Ca and Mg concentrations in the leaves, but the leaf chlorophyll content was reduced.
Dimitrios Savvas; H.C. Passam; C. Olympios; N. Mantzos; Pantelis Barouchas; D. Kyrkas; A. Hanafi; W.H. Schnitzler. EFFECTS OF INCREASING SALINITY DUE TO PROGRESSIVE NACL ACCUMULATION IN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON FRENCH BEANS GROWN IN A CLOSED HYDROPONIC SYSTEM. Acta Horticulturae 2007, 531 -538.
AMA StyleDimitrios Savvas, H.C. Passam, C. Olympios, N. Mantzos, Pantelis Barouchas, D. Kyrkas, A. Hanafi, W.H. Schnitzler. EFFECTS OF INCREASING SALINITY DUE TO PROGRESSIVE NACL ACCUMULATION IN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON FRENCH BEANS GROWN IN A CLOSED HYDROPONIC SYSTEM. Acta Horticulturae. 2007; (747):531-538.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDimitrios Savvas; H.C. Passam; C. Olympios; N. Mantzos; Pantelis Barouchas; D. Kyrkas; A. Hanafi; W.H. Schnitzler. 2007. "EFFECTS OF INCREASING SALINITY DUE TO PROGRESSIVE NACL ACCUMULATION IN THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON FRENCH BEANS GROWN IN A CLOSED HYDROPONIC SYSTEM." Acta Horticulturae , no. 747: 531-538.
Two different irrigation regimes with two different salinity levels were applied to peppers (Capsicum annum L.) grown in closed hydroponic systems in a glasshouse. The two salinity levels were attained by adding NaCl to the irrigation water used to prepare nutrient solution to obtain concentrations of 0.8 and 6 mol m−3, and allowing the salts to progressively accumulate in the recycled nutrient solution. The two salinity levels were combined with two different levels of irrigation frequency in a two-factorial experimental design. Initially, the Na and Cl concentrations increased rapidly in the recycled effluents, but nearly three months after treatment initiation they converged gradually to maximal levels depending on the NaCl treatment. The low irrigation frequency imposed a more rapid salt accumulation in the root zone, which was ascribed to restriction of the volume of drainage solution. However, the maximal salt concentrations in the root zone were independent of the watering schedule. This finding agrees with previous research revealing that the maximal salt accumulation in the root zone of plants, grown in closed hydroponics, is dictated merely by the NaCl concentration in the irrigation water. Total and Class I yields were suppressed by salt accumulation but the high irrigation frequency significantly mitigated the deleterious salinity effects. At low salinity, the low irrigation frequency raised significantly the weight percentage of fruits with blossom-end rot (BER), whereas at high salinity the incidence of BER was further increased without significant differences due to the irrigation regime. Frequent irrigation resulting in high drainage fractions in closed hydroponic systems may delay the rate of salt accumulation in the root zone, thereby enhancing yield and improving fruit quality, without increasing the discharge of polluting fertigation effluents to the environment.
D. Savvas; E. Stamati; I.L. Tsirogiannis; N. Mantzos; P.E. Barouchas; N. Katsoulas; C. Kittas. Interactions between salinity and irrigation frequency in greenhouse pepper grown in closed-cycle hydroponic systems. Agricultural Water Management 2007, 91, 102 -111.
AMA StyleD. Savvas, E. Stamati, I.L. Tsirogiannis, N. Mantzos, P.E. Barouchas, N. Katsoulas, C. Kittas. Interactions between salinity and irrigation frequency in greenhouse pepper grown in closed-cycle hydroponic systems. Agricultural Water Management. 2007; 91 (1-3):102-111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Savvas; E. Stamati; I.L. Tsirogiannis; N. Mantzos; P.E. Barouchas; N. Katsoulas; C. Kittas. 2007. "Interactions between salinity and irrigation frequency in greenhouse pepper grown in closed-cycle hydroponic systems." Agricultural Water Management 91, no. 1-3: 102-111.
Two successive lettuce crops were grown in spring 2005 in a completely closed hydroponic system. The ratio of ammonium to total nitrogen (Nr) in the fresh nutrient solution (FNS) introduced into the closed system to compensate for plant uptake was 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 on a molar basis. In all Nr treatments, the concentrations of total N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and micronutrients in the FNS were identical, but that of SO42– increased as Nr increased, to compensate electrochemically for the enhanced NH4+ and decreased NO3– supply. The highest fresh and dry weights per plant were attained with the highest ammonium supply (Nr = 0.3) but, even when no NH4+ was included in the FNS as an N source, the plants were healthy without apparent nutritional disorders. The ammonium concentration in the drainage solution dropped to nearly zero in all treatments some days after the initiation of recycling, which implies a preferential uptake of NH4-N over NO3-N. The root zone pH, as indicated by the values measured in the drainage solution, decreased slightly as Nr increased, and ranged from 6.5 to 8.0 in all treatments. The leaf K, Ca, Mg, and Fe concentrations were not influenced, whereas those of P, Mn, Zn, and Cu were enhanced by the increasing NH4+ supply. The increased ammonium supply did not enhance the utilization of N in plant metabolism, although it reduced the nitrate concentration of the internal leaves in the early spring experiment. The leaf micronutrient concentrations were clearly more than critical levels even when NO3– was the sole N source for lettuce, whereas the P concentration approached the lowest critical level when Nr was 0 or 0.1. The stimulation of lettuce growth as Nr was increased to 0.3 may be a consequence of enhanced P uptake resulting from better control of pH in the root zone.
D. Savvas; H.C. Passam; C. Olympios; E. Nasi; E. Moustaka; N. Mantzos; P. Barouchas. Effects of Ammonium Nitrogen on Lettuce Grown on Pumice in a Closed Hydroponic System. HortScience 2006, 41, 1667 -1673.
AMA StyleD. Savvas, H.C. Passam, C. Olympios, E. Nasi, E. Moustaka, N. Mantzos, P. Barouchas. Effects of Ammonium Nitrogen on Lettuce Grown on Pumice in a Closed Hydroponic System. HortScience. 2006; 41 (7):1667-1673.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Savvas; H.C. Passam; C. Olympios; E. Nasi; E. Moustaka; N. Mantzos; P. Barouchas. 2006. "Effects of Ammonium Nitrogen on Lettuce Grown on Pumice in a Closed Hydroponic System." HortScience 41, no. 7: 1667-1673.
Four different NaCl concentrations in the irrigation water, 0.8, 3, 6 and 9 mol m−3, were applied as experimental treatments to beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in completely closed hydroponic systems in a greenhouse. Initially, the Na and Cl concentrations increased rapidly in the root zone, as indicated by the values measured in the drainage water, and this resulted in corresponding increases in the Na/water and Cl/water uptake ratios. However, as these ratios approached equilibrium with the NaCl/water ratios in the irrigation water, the Na and Cl concentrations in the root zone converged to maximal levels, which depended on the treatment. The highest Na and Cl concentrations in the root zone and the corresponding NaCl concentrations in each treatment were used to establish relationships between the external NaCl concentration and the Na/water or Cl/water uptake ratios, which proved to be exponential for Na but linear for Cl. These relationships were then used in a previously established model [Savvas, D., Kotsiras, A., Meletiou, G., Margariti, S., Tsirogiannis, I., 2005a. Modeling the relationship between water uptake by cucumber and NaCl accumulation in a closed hydroponic system. HortScience 40, 802–807] to enable the prediction of the Na and Cl concentrations in the root zone in relation to the cumulative water uptake. The curves predicted by the model followed a convex pattern, with an initially rapid increase in Na and Cl concentrations in the root zone followed by a gradual levelling out as the cumulative water consumption rose. The measured Na and Cl concentrations in the drainage water were more accurately predicted at the higher NaCl concentrations in the irrigation water, although those predicted at 0.8 mol m−3 of NaCl were considered acceptable for use in commercial practice. Bean showed a high efficiency of Na exclusion from the upper leaves, while Cl was readily translocated to the young leaves as the external Cl concentration rose. Plant growth decreased with increasing salinity in a way similar to that reported for beans constantly exposed to comparable salinity levels.
D. Savvas; N. Mantzos; P.E. Barouchas; I.L. Tsirogiannis; C. Olympios; H.C. Passam. Modelling salt accumulation by a bean crop grown in a closed hydroponic system in relation to water uptake. Scientia Horticulturae 2006, 111, 311 -318.
AMA StyleD. Savvas, N. Mantzos, P.E. Barouchas, I.L. Tsirogiannis, C. Olympios, H.C. Passam. Modelling salt accumulation by a bean crop grown in a closed hydroponic system in relation to water uptake. Scientia Horticulturae. 2006; 111 (4):311-318.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Savvas; N. Mantzos; P.E. Barouchas; I.L. Tsirogiannis; C. Olympios; H.C. Passam. 2006. "Modelling salt accumulation by a bean crop grown in a closed hydroponic system in relation to water uptake." Scientia Horticulturae 111, no. 4: 311-318.