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Xueliang Wang
MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China

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Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Materials Characterization
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The strengthening effects of Cr on CuCr alloys are severely limited due to the relatively low solid solubility of Cr in Cu phase. Apart from the dissolved Cr, it should be noted that a high proportion of Cr in Cu matrix work as the second phase dispersion strengthening. To effectively improve the strengthening effect of Cr in CuCr alloys, it is important to enhance the dispersion strengthening effect of the second phase Cr. In this work, the Cr phase could be strengthened by dissolving Cu atoms through the levitation melting method (LM), without additional alloying element was introduced. The results show that a maximum of Cu (0.46-0.54 wt%) is dissolved into Cr phase in Cu2Cr98 and Cu5Cr95 alloys. The corresponding hardness is 38% and 56% higher for Cu2Cr98 and Cu5Cr95 alloys compared with pure Cr, respectively. This novel strengthening mechanism of the enhanced Cr second phase is further applied in CuCr25 alloys. It is confirmed that the hardness is 57% higher for CuCr25 with enhanced Cr phase than that prepared using conventional methods. Furthermore, the significant strengthening effect is confirmed in the tribological properties. This strategy can be utilized to effectively enhance the mechanical performance of CuCr alloys with high Cr content.

ACS Style

Liyuan Shan; Xueliang Wang; Yanli Chang; Yaping Wang. Improving the mechanical performance of Cu Cr alloy by dissolving Cu in the Cr second phase. Materials Characterization 2021, 176, 111104 .

AMA Style

Liyuan Shan, Xueliang Wang, Yanli Chang, Yaping Wang. Improving the mechanical performance of Cu Cr alloy by dissolving Cu in the Cr second phase. Materials Characterization. 2021; 176 ():111104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liyuan Shan; Xueliang Wang; Yanli Chang; Yaping Wang. 2021. "Improving the mechanical performance of Cu Cr alloy by dissolving Cu in the Cr second phase." Materials Characterization 176, no. : 111104.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in Composites Part B: Engineering
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To distinguish the strengthening effect of multilayer graphene (MLG) on the copper matrix from the intrinsic strengthening effect of copper grain boundary (GB), the nanoindentation behavior in the Cu/MLG interface boundary (IB) region is investigated and further compared with those in the copper GB region and pure copper grain interior (GI) regions. The indentation displacement recovery ratio, elastic work ratio, and indentation hardness in the Cu/MLG IB regions are significantly enhanced as compared with those in the copper GB region and copper GI regions. The strengthening effect in the Cu/MLG IB regions can be attributed to the elastic recovery behavior during the unloading period induced by the MLG, which is further confirmed in both the experimental and simulated indentation topography evolutions. In addition, gradient strengthening effect is revealed from the gradual increase in the indentation displacement recovery ratio, elastic work ratio, and indentation hardness with gradual decreasing distance from the MLG in the Cu/MLG IB regions. The findings in this paper can be utilized to precisely enhance the mechanical performance of copper matrix composite materials by tailoring the interfacial microstructure and property.

ACS Style

Xueliang Wang; Yang Su; Songyang Han; Martin A. Crimp; Yaping Wang; Yu Wang. Elastic recovery induced strengthening effect in copper/ multilayer-graphene interface regions revealed by instrumental nanoindentation. Composites Part B: Engineering 2021, 216, 108832 .

AMA Style

Xueliang Wang, Yang Su, Songyang Han, Martin A. Crimp, Yaping Wang, Yu Wang. Elastic recovery induced strengthening effect in copper/ multilayer-graphene interface regions revealed by instrumental nanoindentation. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2021; 216 ():108832.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueliang Wang; Yang Su; Songyang Han; Martin A. Crimp; Yaping Wang; Yu Wang. 2021. "Elastic recovery induced strengthening effect in copper/ multilayer-graphene interface regions revealed by instrumental nanoindentation." Composites Part B: Engineering 216, no. : 108832.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2021 in Membranes
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Minimizing platinum (Pt) loading while reserving high reaction efficiency in the catalyst layer (CL) has been confirmed as one of the key issues in improving the performance and application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To enhance the reaction efficiency of Pt catalyst in CL, the interfacial interactions in the three-phase interface, i.e., carbon, Pt, and ionomer should be first clarified. In this study, a molecular model containing carbon, Pt, and ionomer compositions is built and the radial distribution functions (RDFs), diffusion coefficient, water cluster morphology, and thermal conductivity are investigated after the equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) and nonequilibrium MD simulations. The results indicate that increasing water content improves water aggregation and cluster interconnection, both of which benefit the transport of oxygen and proton in the CL. The growing amount of ionomer promotes proton transport but generates additional resistance to oxygen. Both the increase of water and ionomer improve the thermal conductivity of the C. The above-mentioned findings are expected to help design catalyst layers with optimized Pt content and enhanced reaction efficiency, and further improve the performance of PEMFCs.

ACS Style

Wenkai Wang; Zhiguo Qu; Xueliang Wang; Jianfei Zhang. A Molecular Model of PEMFC Catalyst Layer: Simulation on Reactant Transport and Thermal Conduction. Membranes 2021, 11, 148 .

AMA Style

Wenkai Wang, Zhiguo Qu, Xueliang Wang, Jianfei Zhang. A Molecular Model of PEMFC Catalyst Layer: Simulation on Reactant Transport and Thermal Conduction. Membranes. 2021; 11 (2):148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenkai Wang; Zhiguo Qu; Xueliang Wang; Jianfei Zhang. 2021. "A Molecular Model of PEMFC Catalyst Layer: Simulation on Reactant Transport and Thermal Conduction." Membranes 11, no. 2: 148.

Journal article
Published: 12 January 2021 in Journal of Alloys and Compounds
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The lifetime of the electronic packaging system is shortened due to the mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the substrate and the packaging material. Developing packaging materials with tailored CTE has become one of the most challenging topics. Herein, the CTE behavior of copper matrix composites filled with high volume fraction of multilayer graphene (MLG) is tuned by tailoring the interfacial curvature, which is further illustrated through multi-scale numerical simulations. The results show that a) the interfacial curvature radius decreases with increasing MLG content for Cu-MLG composite materials; b) a gradually decreased CTE from 16.8 × 10−6/°C to 15.3 × 10−6/°C at temperatures from 300 °C to 900 °C is displayed in the Cu-48 vol% MLG composite, which is different from the increased CTE performed in the pure copper and Cu-30 vol% MLG composite materials; c) a higher constraint stress is generated by MLG with a smaller curvature radius in Cu/MLG interface region as revealed from Finite Element modeling; d) the atomic vibration amplitude of copper decreases when introducing MLG in the copper grain boundary region as identified from the Molecular Dynamic Simulations. This finding makes the Cu-MLG composite a promising candidate for applying in the thermal management of electronic packaging systems.

ACS Style

Xueliang Wang; Yong Liu; Xin Wang; Yaping Wang; Tao Lai; Guofu Ren. Tuning thermal expansion coefficient of copper-multilayer graphene thermal management materials through tailoring interfacial microstructure. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2021, 862, 158709 .

AMA Style

Xueliang Wang, Yong Liu, Xin Wang, Yaping Wang, Tao Lai, Guofu Ren. Tuning thermal expansion coefficient of copper-multilayer graphene thermal management materials through tailoring interfacial microstructure. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2021; 862 ():158709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueliang Wang; Yong Liu; Xin Wang; Yaping Wang; Tao Lai; Guofu Ren. 2021. "Tuning thermal expansion coefficient of copper-multilayer graphene thermal management materials through tailoring interfacial microstructure." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 862, no. : 158709.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in Materials
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In Cu-Cr alloys, the strengthening effects of Cr are severely limited due to the relatively low Cr solid solubility in Cu matrix. In addition, apart from the dissolved Cr, it should be noted that high proportion of Cr in Cu matrix work as the second phase dispersion strengthening. Therefore, it is of great significance to extend the Cr solid solubility and decrease the size of the undissolved Cr phase to nano-structure. In this work, the nano-sized Cu-5 wt.% Cr solid solution was achieved through high energy ball milling (HEBM) only for 12 h. The Cr solubility of ~1.15 at.% was quantitatively calculated based on XRD patterns, which means supersaturated solid solution was realized. Except for the dissolved Cr, the undissolved Cr phase was with nano-sized work as the second phase. Upon milling of the Cu-Cr powders with coarse grains, the crystallite sizes and grain sizes are found to decrease with the milling time, and remain almost unchanged at a steady-state with continued milling. In addition, it was found that the stored energy induced by dislocation density increment and grain size refinement would be high enough to overcome the thermodynamic barrier for the formation of solid solution.

ACS Style

Liyuan Shan; Xueliang Wang; Yaping Wang. Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling. Materials 2020, 13, 5532 .

AMA Style

Liyuan Shan, Xueliang Wang, Yaping Wang. Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling. Materials. 2020; 13 (23):5532.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liyuan Shan; Xueliang Wang; Yaping Wang. 2020. "Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling." Materials 13, no. 23: 5532.

Research article
Published: 22 October 2018 in Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
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A flexible Al2O3/Al/Al2O3 sandwich composite was prepared by microarc oxidation (MAO) on an aluminum foil with 50 μm thickness. The obtained ceramic layers with a thickness of 20–22 μm on the surface of the aluminum foil are mainly Al2O3. The composite, with exterior layers of Al2O3, can be bent more than 90° without observable fracture or delamination. The morphology of the MAO coatings, which has been characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), is porous and contains microcracks. The energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the MAO coatings mainly contain γ-Al2O3. Based on experimental observations, the flexibility mechanism was explained by the presence of the microcracks which improve the toughness and decrease the stiffness of the MAO coatings. The well-adhered layers of the sandwich structure can also prevent the fracture of the MAO coating. The thermal diffusivity of the composite is between that of aluminum and Al2O3 and the specific electrical resistance is 45.4% of that of Al2O3 under 50 V. This composite has the potential to be applied as tailorable low-voltage insulation material.

ACS Style

Yigang Tong; Zhibin Zhou; Hui Cai; Xueliang Wang; Yaping Wang. Preparation and Properties of a Flexible Al2O3/Al/Al2O3 Composite. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018, 2018, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Yigang Tong, Zhibin Zhou, Hui Cai, Xueliang Wang, Yaping Wang. Preparation and Properties of a Flexible Al2O3/Al/Al2O3 Composite. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2018; 2018 ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yigang Tong; Zhibin Zhou; Hui Cai; Xueliang Wang; Yaping Wang. 2018. "Preparation and Properties of a Flexible Al2O3/Al/Al2O3 Composite." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018, no. : 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Journal of Alloys and Compounds
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Multilayer graphene reinforced copper matrix (Cu-MLG) composites were fabricated via molecular-level mixing combined with vacuum hot-pressing (VHP). The MLG displayed a preferred orientation in the copper matrix, with the in-plane surface perpendicular to the hot-pressing direction, resulting in significant anisotropy in the thermal properties of Cu-MLG composites. Theoretical predictions were made using four models (Schapery, Kerner, Turner and mixture rule) to investigate the effect of the preferential orientation of MLG on the CTE anisotropy of Cu-MLG composites. The CTE anisotropy was further analyzed by carrying out molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to determine the variation in bond lengths for copper and MLG in different directions in the interface regions. The MLG bond length increased gradually with increasing temperatures in the in-plane direction, while in the out-plane directions, it increased significantly at first and then decreased at higher temperatures. The variations of bond lengths for MLG are consistent with the CTE anisotropy of the Cu-MLG composites in the same direction.

ACS Style

Xueliang Wang; Xin Wang; Miao Liu; Martin A. Crimp; Yaping Wang; Zhiguo Qu. Anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient of multilayer graphene reinforced copper matrix composites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2018, 755, 114 -122.

AMA Style

Xueliang Wang, Xin Wang, Miao Liu, Martin A. Crimp, Yaping Wang, Zhiguo Qu. Anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient of multilayer graphene reinforced copper matrix composites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018; 755 ():114-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueliang Wang; Xin Wang; Miao Liu; Martin A. Crimp; Yaping Wang; Zhiguo Qu. 2018. "Anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient of multilayer graphene reinforced copper matrix composites." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 755, no. : 114-122.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in Journal of Alloys and Compounds
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ACS Style

Xueliang Wang; Jiarong Li; Yan Zhang; Yaping Wang. Improvement of interfacial bonding and mechanical properties of Cu-Al2O3 composite by Cr-nanoparticle-induced interfacial modification. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2017, 695, 2124 -2130.

AMA Style

Xueliang Wang, Jiarong Li, Yan Zhang, Yaping Wang. Improvement of interfacial bonding and mechanical properties of Cu-Al2O3 composite by Cr-nanoparticle-induced interfacial modification. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2017; 695 ():2124-2130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueliang Wang; Jiarong Li; Yan Zhang; Yaping Wang. 2017. "Improvement of interfacial bonding and mechanical properties of Cu-Al2O3 composite by Cr-nanoparticle-induced interfacial modification." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 695, no. : 2124-2130.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2016 in Materials Letters
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ACS Style

Xueliang Wang; Junjun Li; Yaping Wang. Improved high temperature strength of copper-graphene composite material. Materials Letters 2016, 181, 309 -312.

AMA Style

Xueliang Wang, Junjun Li, Yaping Wang. Improved high temperature strength of copper-graphene composite material. Materials Letters. 2016; 181 ():309-312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueliang Wang; Junjun Li; Yaping Wang. 2016. "Improved high temperature strength of copper-graphene composite material." Materials Letters 181, no. : 309-312.