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Dr. Juan J. Pulido
Department of Didactics of Plastic, Music, and Body Expression. Faculty of Sports Science, University of Extremadura (Avda. de la Universidad, S/N, P.C.), 10003 Caceres, Spain

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0 Coaching
0 Self-determination theory
0 psychological needs
0 motivational processes
0 Teams sport

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Journal article
Published: 22 July 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This study aimed to analyze the association between specific dimension (i.e., fitness, appearance, physical competence, physical strength, and self-esteem) of students’ physical self-concept (PSC) and their physical activity (PA) levels (i.e., intentions to be physically active and out-of-school PA levels perceived by students) and sedentary behavior (SB) (i.e., total sitting and screen time perceived by students). We also tested the role of students’ motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation and amotivation) towards PA in these relationships. A total of 1998 Spanish male (n = 1003) and female (n = 995) secondary students, aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.92, SD = 0.87) from 22 schools, enrolled in third grade (n = 1081) and fourth grade (n = 917), completed the self-reported questionnaires. Five independent structural equation modeling (SEM) adjusted by students’ sex was used to examine the association between specific dimension of students’ PSC (i.e., fitness, appearance, physical competence, physical strength, and self-esteem) and self-reported PA and SB variables, and to test the role of students’ motivation in these relationships. Overall, most of students’ PSC dimension positively predicted students’ PA outcomes, and were negatively associated with SB. In addition, most of students’ PSC dimension were positively associated with intrinsic motivation, and negatively predicted amotivation. In turn, intrinsic motivation was a positive predictor of PA outcomes, and a negative predictor of SB, whereas amotivation was a negative predictor of PA outcomes and sitting time, and a positive predictor of screen time. Finally, from PSC dimensions, sex as a covariate was a positive predictor of intrinsic motivation and PA outcomes, and was a negative predictor of amotivation and sitting time. These findings suggest the importance of the specific dimensions of PSC perceived by adolescents on their motivational processes, and in turn, on their PA and SB outcomes.

ACS Style

Juan Pulido; Miguel Tapia-Serrano; Jesús Díaz-García; José Ponce-Bordón; Miguel López-Gajardo. The Relationship between Students’ Physical Self-Concept and Their Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behavior: The Role of Students’ Motivation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7775 .

AMA Style

Juan Pulido, Miguel Tapia-Serrano, Jesús Díaz-García, José Ponce-Bordón, Miguel López-Gajardo. The Relationship between Students’ Physical Self-Concept and Their Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behavior: The Role of Students’ Motivation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (15):7775.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan Pulido; Miguel Tapia-Serrano; Jesús Díaz-García; José Ponce-Bordón; Miguel López-Gajardo. 2021. "The Relationship between Students’ Physical Self-Concept and Their Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behavior: The Role of Students’ Motivation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 7775.

Research article
Published: 08 July 2021 in International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching
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The aim of the study was to examine the evolution of players' perception of group variables (leadership, motivational climate, cohesion, and collective efficacy) and to determine whether the intercept and growth trajectory differed as a function of whether expectations have or have not been met in a sample of semi-professional Spanish football players. The results show that the levels of the variables (except for autocratic leadership and coach-created ego climate) decrease over the season. Furthermore, the mean scores of the “fully meets expectations” group were significantly higher in positive leader characteristics, coach-created task climate, cohesion and collective efficacy. Also, rates of decline were significantly greater in the “does not meet expectations” group. The results indicate the importance of establishing reachable expectations by coaches and players because to achieve or to miss the expected goals can affect psychological group dynamics.

ACS Style

Francisco M Leo; Miguel A López-Gajardo; Juan J Pulido; Inmaculada González-Ponce. Multilevel analysis of evolution of team process and their relation to performance in semi-professional soccer. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Francisco M Leo, Miguel A López-Gajardo, Juan J Pulido, Inmaculada González-Ponce. Multilevel analysis of evolution of team process and their relation to performance in semi-professional soccer. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco M Leo; Miguel A López-Gajardo; Juan J Pulido; Inmaculada González-Ponce. 2021. "Multilevel analysis of evolution of team process and their relation to performance in semi-professional soccer." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Motivation seems to enhance athletes’ mental efforts, but this has not been tested yet in padel. The objective was to test the effects of motivation on mental fatigue during padel trainings. Thirty-six elite youth players participated (twenty-two males, Mage = 17.40, SDage = 2.16, and fourteen females, Mage = 17.90, SDage = 3.21). We designed four padel training matches, introducing a constraint in two of them in a counterbalanced order. The constraint was: Couples that win more sets in these two matches obtain a free lesson with a professional padel player. Motivation was quantified by a questionnaire before the matches. Moreover, subjective feelings of mental load and fatigue were measured with questionnaires, and objective measures of fatigue were quantified through heart-rate variability and reaction time. Results suggest that the constraint significantly increases motivation (p< 0.001). Furthermore, in these matches, players reported significantly higher feelings and objective measures of fatigue (p< 0.001 for HRV and VAS; p = 0.04 for reaction time). An increase in the resources used by the neural facilitation system, mediated by higher values of motivation, seems a relevant candidate to explain this phenomenon.

ACS Style

Jesús Díaz-García; Miguel López-Gajardo; José Ponce-Bordón; Juan Pulido. Is Motivation Associated with Mental Fatigue during Padel Trainings? A Pilot Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5755 .

AMA Style

Jesús Díaz-García, Miguel López-Gajardo, José Ponce-Bordón, Juan Pulido. Is Motivation Associated with Mental Fatigue during Padel Trainings? A Pilot Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5755.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Díaz-García; Miguel López-Gajardo; José Ponce-Bordón; Juan Pulido. 2021. "Is Motivation Associated with Mental Fatigue during Padel Trainings? A Pilot Study." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5755.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This study aimed to analyze the effects of rules limitations in pass decisions during soccer tasks on physical and mental load reported by players. Participants were 40 semiprofessional Spanish soccer players (M age = 22.40, SD = 2.25) from two male teams. Two training sessions with four tasks (same tasks with different score system: two maintaining ball possession games with goalkeepers, and two maintaining ball possession games) in counterbalanced order between teams were completed. To achieve a goal during limitation tasks, a minimum number of players had to participate in the passes before the goal. Internal (perceived effort and heart rate) and external physical load (distances), mental load (validated adaptation of the NASA-TXL) and fatigue (VASfatigue) were quantified. Paired t-test and magnitude-based inference were conducted. The results showed significantly higher mean speeds (p < 0.01), effort perception (p < 0.001), and mental fatigue (very likely positive) during possession games with restrictions. Additionally, performance satisfaction obtained significantly higher values with goalkeepers and pass restrictions (very likely positive). External physical load showed no significant differences between situations. The influence of mental fatigue on internal load and the complexity of the tasks could explain these results. Coaches can use this information to manipulate the training load in ecological conditions.

ACS Style

Tomás García-Calvo; Juan Pulido; José Ponce-Bordón; Miguel López-Gajardo; Israel Teoldo Costa; Jesús Díaz-García. Can Rules in Technical-Tactical Decisions Influence on Physical and Mental Load during Soccer Training? A Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4313 .

AMA Style

Tomás García-Calvo, Juan Pulido, José Ponce-Bordón, Miguel López-Gajardo, Israel Teoldo Costa, Jesús Díaz-García. Can Rules in Technical-Tactical Decisions Influence on Physical and Mental Load during Soccer Training? A Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (8):4313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tomás García-Calvo; Juan Pulido; José Ponce-Bordón; Miguel López-Gajardo; Israel Teoldo Costa; Jesús Díaz-García. 2021. "Can Rules in Technical-Tactical Decisions Influence on Physical and Mental Load during Soccer Training? A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 4313.

Research article
Published: 02 February 2021 in European Journal of Sport Science
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The purpose of the present study was to examine how coaches’ satisfaction with the team could be related to their reported interpersonal style towards young athletes, and to analyze the mediating role of basic psychological needs (i.e., need satisfaction and need frustration) in this relationship. Participants were 352 coaches (16-67 years old; Mage = 32.88, SD = 11.14) from 48 clubs, who had between 1 and 52 years of training experience (M = 23.23, SD = 15.02). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the relationships between variables. Results showed that satisfaction with the team is positively related to coaches’ need satisfaction, and negatively to their need frustration. Need satisfaction positively predicted coaches’ need-supportive style, and need frustration predicted their need-thwarting style. Regarding indirect effects, need satisfaction positively mediated the relationship between coaches’ satisfaction with the team and their need-supportive style, and need frustration negatively mediated the relationship between coaches’ satisfaction with the team and their need-thwarting style. These findings are a first step to highlight satisfaction with the team as an antecedent of coaches’ self-reported need-supportive and need-thwarting behaviors towards athletes, and the mediating role of coaches’ psychological needs (need satisfaction and need frustration) in this relationship.

ACS Style

Juan J. Pulido; Miguel A. López-Gajardo; José C. Ponce-Bordón; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; Francisco M. Leo. Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs. European Journal of Sport Science 2021, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Juan J. Pulido, Miguel A. López-Gajardo, José C. Ponce-Bordón, Mikel Vaquero-Solís, Francisco M. Leo. Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs. European Journal of Sport Science. 2021; ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J. Pulido; Miguel A. López-Gajardo; José C. Ponce-Bordón; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; Francisco M. Leo. 2021. "Does coaches’ satisfaction with the team determine their interpersonal style? The mediating role of basic psychological needs." European Journal of Sport Science , no. : 1-9.

Research article
Published: 26 November 2020 in Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy
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Although several studies that rely on self-determination theory have shown the positive interrelations among perceived need supportive learning environment, needs satisfaction, quality of motivation, and desired outcomes in the context of physical education, only few studies have tested so far the full sequence of relations within a single integrated model. The main aim of this study was to test whether indeed needs satisfaction and in turn quality of motivation mediate the relations of need supportive learning environment to physical activity engagement and intentions. Participants were 1120 Spanish students (49.9% males; Mage = 11.70 years; SD = 1.63; range = 10–17 years) from 30 classes out of 13 primary and secondary schools. The multilevel path model showed a positive relation of perceived need-supportive teaching to physical activity engagement and intentions by means of needs satisfaction and autonomous motivation and a negative relation of perceived need-thwarting teaching to engagement and intentions by means of needs frustration and amotivation. Although controlled motivation was found to associate with need frustration and need-thwarting teaching it was not associated with engagement and intentions. the present findings suggest that the type of teaching style employed by the teachers is decisive to achieve positive consequences in physical education students.

ACS Style

F. M. Leo; A. Mouratidis; J. J. Pulido; M. A. López-Gajardo; D. Sánchez-Oliva. Perceived teachers’ behavior and students’ engagement in physical education: the mediating role of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy 2020, 1 -18.

AMA Style

F. M. Leo, A. Mouratidis, J. J. Pulido, M. A. López-Gajardo, D. Sánchez-Oliva. Perceived teachers’ behavior and students’ engagement in physical education: the mediating role of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. 2020; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. M. Leo; A. Mouratidis; J. J. Pulido; M. A. López-Gajardo; D. Sánchez-Oliva. 2020. "Perceived teachers’ behavior and students’ engagement in physical education: the mediating role of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation." Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy , no. : 1-18.

Original article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
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There are not many valid instruments to quickly and easily identify body dissatisfaction in adolescents. Most studies have used the Stunkard Rating Scale to assess body image. Nevertheless, this scale has been described as too abrupt and crude for adolescents. Was to validate the body image dimensional assessment (BIDA) questionnaire in a sample of adolescents from Secondary schools of Spain. The BIDA consists of four items to answer with reference to a series of four silhouettes using a numeric scale that allows the quantification of the degree of body dissatisfaction (BD), sexual body dissatisfaction (SxBD), comparative body dissatisfaction (CBD) and the calculation of the final body dissatisfaction index (BDIndex). The sample included 2059 adolescents, 1132 males and 929 females aged 13.10 ± 0.89. Participants answered the BIDA and then their anthropometrics measurements were taken. Reliability test, a convergent test and confirmatory factorial analysis were conducted to validate BIDA instrument. A single factor structure emerged from confirmatory factorial analysis; the BIDA demonstrated adequate internal consistency in adolescents: (CFI > 0.90, TLI > 0.90, α > 0.80). Significant correlations (p < 0.001) emerged between the BIDA indices and all the anthropometric measures. The BIDA questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate body dissatisfaction in Spanish adolescents. Level V, descriptive study.

ACS Style

Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; David Sánchez-Oliva; Juan J. Pulido-González; Cristina Segura-García; Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano. Validation of the body image dimensional assessment in adolescents from Spanish high school. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2020, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel, Mikel Vaquero-Solís, David Sánchez-Oliva, Juan J. Pulido-González, Cristina Segura-García, Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano. Validation of the body image dimensional assessment in adolescents from Spanish high school. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2020; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; David Sánchez-Oliva; Juan J. Pulido-González; Cristina Segura-García; Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano. 2020. "Validation of the body image dimensional assessment in adolescents from Spanish high school." Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity , no. : 1-8.

Research article
Published: 20 August 2020 in International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching
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Objectives The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of a coaching intervention on soccer athletes’ perceptions of the coaches’ competencies, enjoyment, satisfaction, and intention to persist in the sport. Equipment and methods: The sample consisted of 117 young male soccer players and eight of their coaches who were divided into two groups: group receiving the coaching effectiveness intervention (EG) ( n = 4; Mage = 32.50 years, SD = 14.24) with an average of 3.00 years of training experience ( SD = 2.44); and control group (CG) ( n = 4; Mage = 28.50 years, SD = 13.67) with an average of 6.25 years of training experience ( SD = 2.87), and their 117 young male soccer players from 45 teams, aged between 10 and 16 years ( Mage = 13.78, SD = 1.38). Focused on coach-effectiveness, coaches from EG received a 12-hour training program. Self-report questionnaires were administered to the athletes both at the beginning and the end of the intervention. A repeated-measures ANOVA was carried out for each dependent variable. Results The results showed significant changes in coaches’ game strategy competency, technique competency, and character-building competency as perceived by the players from the EG compared with the players from the CG. Also, both the CG and the EG athletes decreased their satisfaction with the coach. Thus, these types of interventions are effective for improving and maintaining over time variables related to athletes’ perception of their coaches’ competency, their own enjoyment, and intention to persist practicing sports.

ACS Style

Juan J Pulido; Francisco M Leo; Inmaculada González-Ponce; Miguel A López-Gajardo; David Sánchez-Oliva. Methodological intervention with soccer coaches to improve athlete-perceived coaching competency, satisfaction with the coach, enjoyment and intention to persist. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 2020, 16, 16 -26.

AMA Style

Juan J Pulido, Francisco M Leo, Inmaculada González-Ponce, Miguel A López-Gajardo, David Sánchez-Oliva. Methodological intervention with soccer coaches to improve athlete-perceived coaching competency, satisfaction with the coach, enjoyment and intention to persist. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 2020; 16 (1):16-26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J Pulido; Francisco M Leo; Inmaculada González-Ponce; Miguel A López-Gajardo; David Sánchez-Oliva. 2020. "Methodological intervention with soccer coaches to improve athlete-perceived coaching competency, satisfaction with the coach, enjoyment and intention to persist." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 16, no. 1: 16-26.

Protocol
Published: 22 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Prevalence of overweight and obesity is an important health problem worldwide. It was shown that physical activity and sedentary behaviour are associated with prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth individuals. However, few children and adolescents meet the World Health Organization recommendations about physical activity levels. The need to start promoting regular physical activity from an early age is crucial to avoid these problems. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to show a school-based motivational program for the promotion of healthy lifestyle in inactive adolescents grounded on Self-Determination Theory aimed at promoting physical activity adherence. The study is a quasi-experimental study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03974607) aimed for adolescents from the 1st and 2nd high school level aged between 12 and 14 years old. The program will be based on the promotion of the three basics psychological needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness. The satisfaction of these needs is essential to fulfill the self-determined motivation and psychological well-being. The length of the sessions are 60 min, 3 times per week, during 5 months. The sessions will be based on the participants’ interests. Finally, this protocol will intend to change the perception of physical activity programs in order to focus the strategies on the motivational aspects, rather than physical activity itself as was usually conducted by previous programs

ACS Style

Pedro Sánchez-Miguel; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; David Sánchez-Oliva; Juan Pulido; Miguel López-Gajardo; Miguel Tapia-Serrano. Promoting Healthy Lifestyle through Basic Psychological Needs in Inactive Adolescents: A Protocol Study from Self-Determination Approach. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5893 .

AMA Style

Pedro Sánchez-Miguel, Mikel Vaquero-Solís, David Sánchez-Oliva, Juan Pulido, Miguel López-Gajardo, Miguel Tapia-Serrano. Promoting Healthy Lifestyle through Basic Psychological Needs in Inactive Adolescents: A Protocol Study from Self-Determination Approach. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):5893.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Sánchez-Miguel; Mikel Vaquero-Solís; David Sánchez-Oliva; Juan Pulido; Miguel López-Gajardo; Miguel Tapia-Serrano. 2020. "Promoting Healthy Lifestyle through Basic Psychological Needs in Inactive Adolescents: A Protocol Study from Self-Determination Approach." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 5893.

Review
Published: 05 February 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: The aim of this systematic review was to examinemotivational interventions based on physical activity as precursor of psychosocial benefits inside of the scholar context. Method: studies were identified in seven databases (Web of Science, Sport Discuss, Scopus, Eric, Pubmed, Psycinfo and Google Scholar). The search process was from June 2011 to September 2019. A total of 41 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: 23 studies showed psychological effects after intervention and also 10 studies showed psychosocial effect after the intervention. The rest of the studies, although they presented changes, did not become significant.Conclusions: this systematic review showed the importance of motivational processes for the performance of physical activity and sport as a precursor of psychosocial changesand highlights the importance of strategies and the temporal nature of studies to maintain significant changes over time.Likewise, the study shows the future trend of motivational interventions, highlighting the female gender as participants of special interest, and changing the methodology through web-based interventions and active breaks or mental breaks during traditional subject classes.

ACS Style

Mikel Vaquero-Solís; Damián Iglesias Gallego; Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano; Juan J. Pulido; Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel. School-based Physical Activity Interventions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 999 .

AMA Style

Mikel Vaquero-Solís, Damián Iglesias Gallego, Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano, Juan J. Pulido, Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel. School-based Physical Activity Interventions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (3):999.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mikel Vaquero-Solís; Damián Iglesias Gallego; Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano; Juan J. Pulido; Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel. 2020. "School-based Physical Activity Interventions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 999.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology
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ACS Style

Juan J. Pulido; Tomás García-Calvo; Francisco M. Leo; António J. Figueiredo; Hugo Sarmento; David Sánchez-Oliva. Perceived coach interpersonal style and basic psychological needs as antecedents of athlete-perceived coaching competency and satisfaction with the coach: A multi-level analysis. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology 2020, 9, 16 -28.

AMA Style

Juan J. Pulido, Tomás García-Calvo, Francisco M. Leo, António J. Figueiredo, Hugo Sarmento, David Sánchez-Oliva. Perceived coach interpersonal style and basic psychological needs as antecedents of athlete-perceived coaching competency and satisfaction with the coach: A multi-level analysis. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. 2020; 9 (1):16-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J. Pulido; Tomás García-Calvo; Francisco M. Leo; António J. Figueiredo; Hugo Sarmento; David Sánchez-Oliva. 2020. "Perceived coach interpersonal style and basic psychological needs as antecedents of athlete-perceived coaching competency and satisfaction with the coach: A multi-level analysis." Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology 9, no. 1: 16-28.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Using self-determination theory as a framework, we aimed to study the relationships between perceived need support and need satisfaction with self-determined motivation and extracurricular physical activity intentions in the physical education (PE) classroom, including sex and out-of-school sport participation as moderators. Additionally, we aimed to test whether a need-supportive classroom environment in PE moderates these associations. Participants were 1259 students (556 males) aged between 12 to 16 years (Mage = 13.46 years; SD = 0.74) from 77 PE classes. At the student level we found (a) need satisfaction to predict positively autonomous motivation and negatively amotivation, and (b) autonomous motivation to predict positively and amotivation to predict negatively intentions to undertake extracurricular physical activities. At the classroom level, in need-supportive classes males benefit more than females in terms of increased autonomous motivation while females benefit more than males in terms of decreased amotivation. Finally, class-level perceived need support moderated (i.e., attenuated) the negative association between need satisfaction and amotivation and between amotivation and intentions. These results suggest a buffering role that a need-supportive classroom environment may have on students’ motivation and behavior.

ACS Style

David Sánchez-Oliva; Athanasios Mouratidis; Francisco M. Leo; José L. Chamorro; Juan J. Pulido-González; Tomás García-Calvo. Understanding Physical Activity Intentions in Physical Education Context: A Multi-Level Analysis from the Self-Determination Theory. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 799 .

AMA Style

David Sánchez-Oliva, Athanasios Mouratidis, Francisco M. Leo, José L. Chamorro, Juan J. Pulido-González, Tomás García-Calvo. Understanding Physical Activity Intentions in Physical Education Context: A Multi-Level Analysis from the Self-Determination Theory. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (3):799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Sánchez-Oliva; Athanasios Mouratidis; Francisco M. Leo; José L. Chamorro; Juan J. Pulido-González; Tomás García-Calvo. 2020. "Understanding Physical Activity Intentions in Physical Education Context: A Multi-Level Analysis from the Self-Determination Theory." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 799.

Journal article
Published: 02 August 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Framed within Self-Determination Theory, the objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs, levels of motivation, physical activity, and satisfaction with life. Methods: A total of 487 students participated, comprising males (n = 262) and females (n = 225), aged between 14 and 16 years (M = 15.02; SD = 0.87), from different secondary schools. Results: A regression analysis was carried out (structural equation modeling) that revealed the existence of two theoretical lines, one positive and the other negative, where the satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively related to autonomous motivation and physical activity, which predicted satisfaction with life. On the other hand, the frustration of basic psychological needs was positively related to controlled motivation, whereas controlled motivation (introjected regulation and extrinsic regulation) was inversely associated with physical activity and satisfaction with life. Conclusion: The results show the importance of motivational processes in physical activity, and the effects of physical activity on satisfaction with life in adolescents who spend more time engaged in physical activity.

ACS Style

Mikel Vaquero Solís; Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel; Miguel Ángel Tapia Serrano; Juan J. Pulido; Damián Iglesias Gallego. Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2765 .

AMA Style

Mikel Vaquero Solís, Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel, Miguel Ángel Tapia Serrano, Juan J. Pulido, Damián Iglesias Gallego. Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (15):2765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mikel Vaquero Solís; Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel; Miguel Ángel Tapia Serrano; Juan J. Pulido; Damián Iglesias Gallego. 2019. "Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15: 2765.

Research article
Published: 18 June 2019 in International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching
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ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to design and develop a multidimensional observational coding system (Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System) to assess coaches' interpersonal style adopted during training sessions and matches.Equipment and methodsContent validity was established by 11 experts (with proven knowledge and experience in sport science, motivational psychology, and coaching) using qualitative (e.g. ease of comprehension, utility, and adequacy of examples) and quantitative (category scores) approaches. Coders were trained to test inter- and intra-rater reliability.ResultsQualitative analyses revealed global positive assessment. Experts' category scores were very high. After coder training, inter- and intra-rater reliability scores were acceptable. Discriminant validity was tested through the pilot application to eight soccer coaches. Overall, the results support the preliminary reliability and validity of an instrument to analyze interpersonal coach behavior.

ACS Style

Juan J Pulido; David Sánchez-Oliva; Marlene Nunes Silva; António Palmeira; Tomas García-Calvo. Development and preliminary validation of the Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 2019, 14, 471 -479.

AMA Style

Juan J Pulido, David Sánchez-Oliva, Marlene Nunes Silva, António Palmeira, Tomas García-Calvo. Development and preliminary validation of the Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 2019; 14 (4):471-479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J Pulido; David Sánchez-Oliva; Marlene Nunes Silva; António Palmeira; Tomas García-Calvo. 2019. "Development and preliminary validation of the Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 14, no. 4: 471-479.

Research article
Published: 10 June 2019 in PLOS ONE
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This study aimed to analyze the number of task, social and external athlete leaders within sports teams, and to examine the effectiveness of different leadership structures in male and female teams. The participants were 317 male and 214 female soccer players belonging to 18 teams playing in the third highest male division and to 13 teams playing in the highest female division in Spain, respectively. First, we identified the leadership structure in each team (i.e., having zero, one, two or three leaders); second, we grouped the teams according to these leadership structures; and third, MANOVA was used to compare different leadership groups in terms of their effectiveness. The results demonstrated that: (a) the most common structure within the teams was to have one task leader, one social leader, and two external leaders; (b) shared leadership across and within leadership roles was seen as the most effective leadership structure for male and female teams; and (c) male teams showed more benefits when having more task and external leaders, while female teams experienced more benefits when having more task and social leaders on the team. Based on these findings, coaches can optimize their team’s functioning by implementing a structure of shared leadership within their teams, both across and within the different leadership roles.

ACS Style

Francisco M. Leo; Tomas García-Calvo; Inmaculada González-Ponce; Juan J. Pulido; Katrien Fransen. How many leaders does it take to lead a sports team? The relationship between the number of leaders and the effectiveness of professional sports teams. PLOS ONE 2019, 14, e0218167 .

AMA Style

Francisco M. Leo, Tomas García-Calvo, Inmaculada González-Ponce, Juan J. Pulido, Katrien Fransen. How many leaders does it take to lead a sports team? The relationship between the number of leaders and the effectiveness of professional sports teams. PLOS ONE. 2019; 14 (6):e0218167.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco M. Leo; Tomas García-Calvo; Inmaculada González-Ponce; Juan J. Pulido; Katrien Fransen. 2019. "How many leaders does it take to lead a sports team? The relationship between the number of leaders and the effectiveness of professional sports teams." PLOS ONE 14, no. 6: e0218167.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2018 in Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
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El objetivo de este estudio era analizar los efectos de un programa de formación sobre la conducta verbal de entrenadores de fútbol base no cualificados. El programa estaba basado en el fomento de estrategias motivacionales y metodológicas para optimizar las necesidades psicológicas básicas de los deportistas, aumentando las conductas relacionadas a un estilo interpersonal de apoyo y, reduciendo las conductas asociadas a un estilo interpersonal controlador. Participaron ocho entrenadores distribuidos intencionadamente en dos grupos: grupo experimental (n = 4) y grupo control (n = 4). Tras la observación del estilo interpersonal de los entrenadores (pre y post) mediante un instrumento creado a propósito para el estudio, no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos, aunque los resultados del grupo experimental demostraron una tendencia positiva entre la medida pre-intervención y la post-intervención. Por tanto, el programa resulta eficaz pero no en la medida que se esperaba, por lo que es preciso seguir investigando en esta línea de trabajo.

ACS Style

Juan José Pulido González; Antonio Merino; David Sánchez-Oliva; Miguel Rodríguez-González; Tomás García-Calvo. Efectos de un programa de intervención sobre el estilo interpersonal de entrenadores de fútbol base. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 2018, 19, 32 -49.

AMA Style

Juan José Pulido González, Antonio Merino, David Sánchez-Oliva, Miguel Rodríguez-González, Tomás García-Calvo. Efectos de un programa de intervención sobre el estilo interpersonal de entrenadores de fútbol base. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte. 2018; 19 (1):32-49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan José Pulido González; Antonio Merino; David Sánchez-Oliva; Miguel Rodríguez-González; Tomás García-Calvo. 2018. "Efectos de un programa de intervención sobre el estilo interpersonal de entrenadores de fútbol base." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 19, no. 1: 32-49.

Research article
Published: 22 July 2018 in Perceptual and Motor Skills
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Grounded in self-determination theory, this study aimed first to examine differences in motivation for physical activity (PA) and habitual PA levels between adolescents and university students in Spain. The second aim was to examine differences in the degree of association between their intrinsic motivation and amotivation for PA and habitual PA levels in both samples. We studied 2,699 students (1,833 high school and 866 university; mean age = 18.83, standard deviation = 4.12 years) who completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and two dimensions of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. High school students, relative to university students, self-reported significantly higher intrinsic motivation and higher PA levels for each type of PA intensity (i.e., walk, moderate, and vigorous); high school students also self-reported significantly lower amotivation than university students. The degree of association between the total metabolic equivalents of task and intrinsic motivation was higher among high school (versus) university students. This study shows the need to design intervention strategies to enhance PA levels and intrinsic motivation in university students.

ACS Style

Javier Sevil; Pedro A. Sánchez-Miguel; Juan J. Pulido; Alba Práxedes; David Sánchez-Oliva. Motivation and Physical Activity: Differences Between High School and University Students in Spain. Perceptual and Motor Skills 2018, 125, 894 -907.

AMA Style

Javier Sevil, Pedro A. Sánchez-Miguel, Juan J. Pulido, Alba Práxedes, David Sánchez-Oliva. Motivation and Physical Activity: Differences Between High School and University Students in Spain. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 2018; 125 (5):894-907.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Sevil; Pedro A. Sánchez-Miguel; Juan J. Pulido; Alba Práxedes; David Sánchez-Oliva. 2018. "Motivation and Physical Activity: Differences Between High School and University Students in Spain." Perceptual and Motor Skills 125, no. 5: 894-907.

Research article
Published: 07 November 2017 in International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching
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Grounded on the self-determination theory, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of perceived need support/thwarting, psychological needs satisfaction/frustration and motivation on young soccer players’ sport commitment. We used a sample of 430 male soccer players (Mage = 14.21 years, SD = 1.67 years, range = 12–18 years). Structural equation model analysis (χ2/df = 2.31; CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.89, GFI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.03, RMSEA = 0.05) showed that coach supporting style positively correlated with players’ needs satisfaction, which, in turn positively predicted intrinsic motivation, which, in turn positively predicted sport commitment. On another hand, coach thwarting style positively predicted needs frustration, which positively predicted amotivation, and amotivation negatively predicted sport commitment. The coach-created training environment can be crucial for the satisfaction or frustration of the basic psychological needs and, as a consequence, it could play an important role in young soccer players’ sport commitment.

ACS Style

Juan J Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Pedro A Sánchez-Miguel; Diana Amado; Tomas García-Calvo. Sport commitment in young soccer players: A self-determination perspective. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 2017, 13, 243 -252.

AMA Style

Juan J Pulido, David Sanchez-Oliva, Pedro A Sánchez-Miguel, Diana Amado, Tomas García-Calvo. Sport commitment in young soccer players: A self-determination perspective. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 2017; 13 (2):243-252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Pedro A Sánchez-Miguel; Diana Amado; Tomas García-Calvo. 2017. "Sport commitment in young soccer players: A self-determination perspective." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 13, no. 2: 243-252.

Journal article
Published: 20 October 2017 in Journal of Human Kinetics
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The main goal of the study was to assess the effects of an intervention programme developed with soccer coaches, based on promoting strategies to optimise the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of athletes. Eight soccer coaches, aged between 19 and 50 years (M = 32.5; SD = 14.34), participated in the study. They were selected intentionally (without academic or federative training) and divided equally into a control and an experimental group by random peer selection. Also, 109 soccer players, aged between 11 and 15 years (M = 13.78; SD = 1.38), divided into a control group (CG; n = 56) and an experimental group (EG; n = 53), participated in the experiment. The training programme (12 hours) was aimed to develop methodological and motivational strategies to promote autonomy, competence and relatedness need satisfaction among the players. The results showed that the participants in the EG decreased competence and relatedness control, while significantly increased (post-intervention) competence and relatedness needs satisfaction. Moreover, values for the EG did not decrease for autonomy, competence frustration and amotivation, while they increased for the sport commitment. Also, intrinsic motivation decreased in both groups (greater decrease in the CG). In conclusion, we can affirm the effectiveness of the training programme to create an environment of “bright side” motivation, and reduce thwarting styles, needs frustration and low self-determination levels.

ACS Style

Juan J. Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Francisco M. Leo; Sergio Matos; Tomas García-Calvo. Effects of an Interpersonal Style Intervention for Coaches on Young Soccer Players’ Motivational Processes. Journal of Human Kinetics 2017, 59, 107 -120.

AMA Style

Juan J. Pulido, David Sanchez-Oliva, Francisco M. Leo, Sergio Matos, Tomas García-Calvo. Effects of an Interpersonal Style Intervention for Coaches on Young Soccer Players’ Motivational Processes. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2017; 59 (1):107-120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J. Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Francisco M. Leo; Sergio Matos; Tomas García-Calvo. 2017. "Effects of an Interpersonal Style Intervention for Coaches on Young Soccer Players’ Motivational Processes." Journal of Human Kinetics 59, no. 1: 107-120.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2017 in Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science
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ACS Style

Juan J. Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Francisco M. Leo; Jorge Sánchez-Cano; Tomas García-Calvo. Development and validation of Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science 2017, 22, 25 -37.

AMA Style

Juan J. Pulido, David Sanchez-Oliva, Francisco M. Leo, Jorge Sánchez-Cano, Tomas García-Calvo. Development and validation of Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science. 2017; 22 (1):25-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan J. Pulido; David Sanchez-Oliva; Francisco M. Leo; Jorge Sánchez-Cano; Tomas García-Calvo. 2017. "Development and validation of Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire." Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science 22, no. 1: 25-37.