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The purpose of this research is to examine ethical climate as a mediator iin the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying. An online questionnaire was answered by 223 Portuguese employees, who had worked for at least 6 consecutive months at the same organization. Results support the mediating role of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and bullying at work, suggesting that ethical leaders can contribute to the minimization of bullying through their impact on ethical climate and employees’ behavior. Drawing on the social learning theory and the social information processing theory, this study clarifies the mediating role of ethical climate.
Carla Freire; Maria Inés Pinto. Clarifying the mediating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying. Ethics & Behavior 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCarla Freire, Maria Inés Pinto. Clarifying the mediating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying. Ethics & Behavior. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; Maria Inés Pinto. 2021. "Clarifying the mediating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying." Ethics & Behavior , no. : 1-12.
The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating role of the perception of social responsibility, and organizational identification, in the relationship between responsible leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality industry. A questionnaire was answered by 214 frontline employees of four and five-star hotels, in the north of Portugal. Results indicate that there is a mediation model, which uses the effect of the perception of social responsibility and organizational identification in the relationship between responsible leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors. This study is a first attempt to propose a parallel multiple mediator model that explores the effect of hotel frontline employees’ perceptions of the importance of social responsibility, as well as the effect of employees’ identification with the organization, both of which act as mediators in the relationship between responsible leadership and OCB in the hospitality industry.
Carla Freire; Joana Gonçalves. The Relationship between Responsible Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Hospitality Industry. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4705 .
AMA StyleCarla Freire, Joana Gonçalves. The Relationship between Responsible Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Hospitality Industry. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4705.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; Joana Gonçalves. 2021. "The Relationship between Responsible Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Hospitality Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4705.
Purpose The main aim of this study is to explore the moderating role of ethical leadership on the indirect effect of work–family conflict on nurses' job satisfaction via hindrance stress. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was answered by 224 nursing professionals working in public and private health institutions. Findings A mediation–moderation model was estimated, and the results thereof indicated that work–family conflict has an indirect negative effect on satisfaction through the mediation mechanism of hindrance stress. Results also show that ethical leadership enhances this mediated relationship. Research limitations/implications The cross-sectional data limited the generalization of results. Future research should develop longitudinal studies, which will allow for conclusions to be drawn with regard to inferences of causality. Practical implications It is recommended that health organizations should develop ethical training for their leaders. By doing so, they will address two issues: the conciliation between work and family as well as the reduction of job stress, which will subsequently improve job satisfaction. Originality/value The originality of this empirical study lies in the exploration of the moderating role of ethical leadership in the indirect effect of work–family conflict, which, in turn, impacts on job satisfaction via the hindrance stress experienced by nurses. The study is innovative in the sense that it seeks to gain a greater understanding of the moderation–mediation mechanisms of the variables under study.
Carla Freire; Cláudia Bettencourt. The effect of work–family conflict and hindrance stress on nurses' satisfaction: the role of ethical leadership. Personnel Review 2021, ahead-of-p, 1 .
AMA StyleCarla Freire, Cláudia Bettencourt. The effect of work–family conflict and hindrance stress on nurses' satisfaction: the role of ethical leadership. Personnel Review. 2021; ahead-of-p (ahead-of-p):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; Cláudia Bettencourt. 2021. "The effect of work–family conflict and hindrance stress on nurses' satisfaction: the role of ethical leadership." Personnel Review ahead-of-p, no. ahead-of-p: 1.
Sandra Santos; Carla Freire; Iris Barbosa; Hugo Figueiredo; Manuel João Costa. ASSESSING TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE FUTURE OF GRADUATE WORK: AN ADAPTATION OF THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS METHOD. ICERI2020 Proceedings 2020, 4112 -4122.
AMA StyleSandra Santos, Carla Freire, Iris Barbosa, Hugo Figueiredo, Manuel João Costa. ASSESSING TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE FUTURE OF GRADUATE WORK: AN ADAPTATION OF THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS METHOD. ICERI2020 Proceedings. 2020; ():4112-4122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandra Santos; Carla Freire; Iris Barbosa; Hugo Figueiredo; Manuel João Costa. 2020. "ASSESSING TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE FUTURE OF GRADUATE WORK: AN ADAPTATION OF THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS METHOD." ICERI2020 Proceedings , no. : 4112-4122.
Sandra Santos; Iris Barbosa; Carla Freire; Hugo Figueiredo; Manuel João Costa. THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS AS A METHOD TO ASSESS TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE GRADUATE JOB MARKET: A PILOT STUDY. ICERI2020 Proceedings 2020, 4144 -4153.
AMA StyleSandra Santos, Iris Barbosa, Carla Freire, Hugo Figueiredo, Manuel João Costa. THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS AS A METHOD TO ASSESS TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE GRADUATE JOB MARKET: A PILOT STUDY. ICERI2020 Proceedings. 2020; ():4144-4153.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandra Santos; Iris Barbosa; Carla Freire; Hugo Figueiredo; Manuel João Costa. 2020. "THE MULTIPLE MINI-INTERVIEWS AS A METHOD TO ASSESS TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR THE GRADUATE JOB MARKET: A PILOT STUDY." ICERI2020 Proceedings , no. : 4144-4153.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the mediating effect of the work–family conflict in the relation between ethical leadership and job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was answered by 234 nursing professionals working in Portuguese public health institutions.FindingsRegression analyses indicate that there is a positive relationship between ethical leadership and satisfaction and a negative relationship between ethical leadership and the nurse's work–family conflict. Furthermore, it was revealed that the work–family conflict mediated (partially) the relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsEthical leadership was measured by assessing the nurses' perceptions of their leaders' character. The cross-sectional data limited the possibility of establishing the causality of the study variables, where the generalization of results was not possible due to the fact that data were obtained in public health institutions alone.Practical implicationsConsidering that ethics precede good relations between the manager and collaborator, it is recommended that organizations develop ethical training for their leaders, more specifically in the case of head nurses.Originality/valueThe added value of this empirical study lies in the mediated role of the work–family conflict in the analysis of the relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction.
Carla Freire; Claudia Bettencourt. Impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction: the mediating effect of work–family conflict. Leadership & Organization Development Journal 2020, 41, 319 -330.
AMA StyleCarla Freire, Claudia Bettencourt. Impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction: the mediating effect of work–family conflict. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 2020; 41 (2):319-330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; Claudia Bettencourt. 2020. "Impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction: the mediating effect of work–family conflict." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, no. 2: 319-330.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to disclose the perceptions of Portuguese employers regarding the transferable competencies (TCs) that enhance the employability of recent management graduates, the mechanisms for their development and the role played by different agents (faculties, students and companies) in this process.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were 41 chief executive officers and human resource managers belonging to the same number of companies located in northern Portugal. A semi-structured interview guide allowed the participants to express their views through their own words and in depth.FindingsThe participants identified the TCs they seek in recent management graduates, including several cognitive competencies, emotional intelligence competencies and social intelligence competencies. They discerned the curricular internship and the Erasmus+ program as the most effective mechanisms to develop undergraduates’ TCs. The role of companies in the development of the TCs of students and recent graduates was acknowledged; nonetheless, these employers expect greater involvement from Portuguese faculties and students.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the results of this exploratory study cannot be generalized to the Portuguese population of employers, it contributes to uncover and understand their perceptions, hence providing a basis for subsequent investigations using larger samples.Originality/valuePortugal is a particularly relevant context to conduct this research given the recent financial crisis and ensuing pressure on new graduates to deliver good performance rapidly, as well as the involvement of Portuguese universities in processes of international evaluation and accreditation. However, little information has thus far become available regarding employers’ perceptions of management graduates’ TCs.
Iris Barbosa; Carla Freire. Portuguese employers’ perceptions on management undergraduates’ transferable competencies. Journal of Management Development 2019, 38, 141 -156.
AMA StyleIris Barbosa, Carla Freire. Portuguese employers’ perceptions on management undergraduates’ transferable competencies. Journal of Management Development. 2019; 38 (2):141-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIris Barbosa; Carla Freire. 2019. "Portuguese employers’ perceptions on management undergraduates’ transferable competencies." Journal of Management Development 38, no. 2: 141-156.
The Bologna Declaration imposed significant changes in European higher education , placing emphasis on teaching methods that promote students’ active learning and the development of skills , including both the skills that are specific to the academic qualification area and the ones that became known as transferable skills . The latter have been considered to be fundamental to the promotion of graduate employability. This chapter presents the specific case of the Transferable Skills Development Programme of a Portuguese public university and analyses the perceptions of 21 graduate students , in the area of Economics and Management , regarding its relevance and contribution to the development of transferable skills . Through the completion of qualitative questionnaires and the interaction established within three focus groups, the respondents acknowledged the innovative profile of the programme in the Portuguese university context and its contribution to the development of transferable competencies, which they believed to be especially relevant to their future job performance . The graduate students involved considered that the Transferable Skills Development Programme should continue to reinforce its commitment to activities and contents which were markedly more practical.
Iris Barbosa; Carla Freire; Mariana Paiva Santos. The Transferable Skills Development Programme of a Portuguese Economics and Management Faculty: The Perceptions of Graduate Students. Management and Industrial Engineering 2017, 25 -47.
AMA StyleIris Barbosa, Carla Freire, Mariana Paiva Santos. The Transferable Skills Development Programme of a Portuguese Economics and Management Faculty: The Perceptions of Graduate Students. Management and Industrial Engineering. 2017; ():25-47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIris Barbosa; Carla Freire; Mariana Paiva Santos. 2017. "The Transferable Skills Development Programme of a Portuguese Economics and Management Faculty: The Perceptions of Graduate Students." Management and Industrial Engineering , no. : 25-47.
The purpose of this study is to analyse how the access to structures of empowerment by teachers in primary and secondary education impacts on their trust of the headmaster of the school management board. Using the theoretical framework of empowerment and trust in the context of companies, one adapted the constructs of these scales to the reality of primary and secondary schools. A questionnaire was presented to 112 teachers in order to evaluate the impact of empowerment structures on their trust of the leader. The results obtained indicate that a context of empowering work is significantly predictive of trust in the school’s headmaster. The teaching staff who realize that they have access to empowerment structures (power, resources, opportunities, support and information) and feel that they can exercise some influence on the organization of their workplace are in a better position to trust the headmaster. The results are discussed and the contributions of the study to theory and to school administration are presented.
Carla Freire; António Lira Fernandes. Search for Trustful Leadership in Secondary Schools. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 2016, 44, 892 -916.
AMA StyleCarla Freire, António Lira Fernandes. Search for Trustful Leadership in Secondary Schools. Educational Management Administration & Leadership. 2016; 44 (6):892-916.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; António Lira Fernandes. 2016. "Search for Trustful Leadership in Secondary Schools." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 44, no. 6: 892-916.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of workplace empowerment and staff nurses’ perceptions of trustworthiness in their supervisor as determinators of organizational commitment. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 189 nurses working at Portuguese public hospitals. Findings – Results indicate that an empowering work context was significantly predictive of nurses’ affective commitment and on the perceptions of trustworthiness of the supervisor. The employees who understand that they have access to factors of empowerment (formal power, informal power, resources, opportunity, support and information), and feel that they can influence the organization where they work, are in a better position to establish affective connections with the organization, as well as to perceive their supervisor as trustworthy. Research limitations/implications – One limitation relates to the generalization of the study’s findings outside the national context. Practical implications – Organizations must meet the conditions that contribute to increasing the organizational commitment of healthcare professionals when developing policies for human resources since the emotional bond with the organization seems to provide the strength to withstand moments of great difficulties. Originality/value – This research contributes to the understanding of how fostering empowering and trustful leadership will generate positive effects on job attitudes, even in a particularly difficult context of austerity.
Carla Freire; Ricardo Manuel Machado Azevedo. Empowering and trustful leadership: impact on nurses’ commitment. Personnel Review 2015, 44, 702 -719.
AMA StyleCarla Freire, Ricardo Manuel Machado Azevedo. Empowering and trustful leadership: impact on nurses’ commitment. Personnel Review. 2015; 44 (5):702-719.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire; Ricardo Manuel Machado Azevedo. 2015. "Empowering and trustful leadership: impact on nurses’ commitment." Personnel Review 44, no. 5: 702-719.
Carla Freire. Organizational Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Portuguese Technological Enterprises. Transfer and Management of Knowledge 2014, 127 -166.
AMA StyleCarla Freire. Organizational Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Portuguese Technological Enterprises. Transfer and Management of Knowledge. 2014; ():127-166.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire. 2014. "Organizational Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Portuguese Technological Enterprises." Transfer and Management of Knowledge , no. : 127-166.
The main aim of this study is to explore the underlying factors of the subordinate-supervisor trust relationship and to analyze its impact on the three components of organizational commitment. Data was collected from 192 R&D professionals working at 10 different ICT Portuguese industrial companies. The study confirms the three factors of integrity, benevolence and ability as the basis for the perceived trustworthiness of supervisors by subordinates. In addition, results show that the trust a team member places on his/her leader depends predominantly on his/her perception of integrity. The authors conclude that even in the technological field, where the prevalence of a technical competence-based trust relationship was expected, integrity emerged as important element in the subordinate's trust of his/her supervisor. Integrity was found to correlate significantly with affective, normative and calculative commitment. The authors' findings suggest that organizations can “manage” commitment in ICT industrial enterprises through fostering the perception of integrity by subordinates.
Carla Freire. Understanding the Importance of the Integrity Factor in Trust between Subordinates and Supervisors. International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering 2014, 1, 14 -30.
AMA StyleCarla Freire. Understanding the Importance of the Integrity Factor in Trust between Subordinates and Supervisors. International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering. 2014; 1 (2):14-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire. 2014. "Understanding the Importance of the Integrity Factor in Trust between Subordinates and Supervisors." International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering 1, no. 2: 14-30.
The main purpose of this study is to understand the demographic, personal and situational determining factors leading to academic misconduct among undergraduate students by comparatively analyzing the differences among Economics and Business students and other major students. Two thousand four hundred ninety-two undergraduate students from different Portuguese Public Universities answered a questionnaire regarding their propensity to commit academic fraud, 640 of whom were Economics and Business students. Results concluded that Economics and Business students can be distinguished from others regarding the likelihood of copying from the other Major students. Younger students admit more readily to the possibility of cheating than older students. Results indicate a greater probability of acceptance of dishonest practices outside the area of Economics and Management and a greater probability of condemnation of improper practices by students of Economics and Management. This indicates that students of Economics and Management are aware that their behavior is incorrect and unacceptable; peer-pressure and the learning process itself constitute the main justifications provided by Economics and Business students for their fraudulent actions. Implications for this practice are discussed.
Carla Freire. Academic Misconduct Among Portuguese Economics and Business Undergraduate Students- A Comparative Analysis with Other Major Students. Journal of Academic Ethics 2013, 12, 43 -63.
AMA StyleCarla Freire. Academic Misconduct Among Portuguese Economics and Business Undergraduate Students- A Comparative Analysis with Other Major Students. Journal of Academic Ethics. 2013; 12 (1):43-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire. 2013. "Academic Misconduct Among Portuguese Economics and Business Undergraduate Students- A Comparative Analysis with Other Major Students." Journal of Academic Ethics 12, no. 1: 43-63.
Carla Freire. Trust in the team leader: operationalization of the construct in an R&D context. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management 2010, 8, 25 -38.
AMA StyleCarla Freire. Trust in the team leader: operationalization of the construct in an R&D context. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management. 2010; 8 (1):25-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Freire. 2010. "Trust in the team leader: operationalization of the construct in an R&D context." Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management 8, no. 1: 25-38.
Arménio Rego; Regina Leite; Teresa Carvalho; Carla Freire; Armando Vieira. Organizational Commitment: Toward a Different Understanding of the Ways People Feel Attached to Their Organizations. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management 2004, 2, 201 -218.
AMA StyleArménio Rego, Regina Leite, Teresa Carvalho, Carla Freire, Armando Vieira. Organizational Commitment: Toward a Different Understanding of the Ways People Feel Attached to Their Organizations. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management. 2004; 2 (3):201-218.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArménio Rego; Regina Leite; Teresa Carvalho; Carla Freire; Armando Vieira. 2004. "Organizational Commitment: Toward a Different Understanding of the Ways People Feel Attached to Their Organizations." Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management 2, no. 3: 201-218.