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Prof. Harvey J.M. Hou
Department of Physical/Forensic Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 S. Jackson St., Montgomery, AL 36104, USA

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0 Analytical Chemistry
0 Biochemistry
0 Environmental Science
0 Microbiology
0 Nanotechnology

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Photosynthesis

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Chapter
Published: 18 May 2017 in Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications
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Photosystem II is able to catalyze water-splitting reaction to achieve energy storage on the large scale at room temperature and neutral pH in green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. The three-dimensional structure of photosystem II with oxygen-evolving activity has been determined at an atomic level, which provides a thorough image with the specific position of each atom in the Mn4CaO5 cluster. These advancements have significantly enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms of water splitting in photosynthesis and offered a unique opportunity for solar fuel production. Inspired by the natural photosynthesis, great progresses in using earth abundant elements based artificial catalytic systems have been made to achieve artificial catalysis in photo water splitting. In this chapter, I describe a robust PS II mimic containing manganese/tungsten oxide nanostructure to accomplish the photo water splitting chemistry. The synthesis, structural characterization, photo water splitting activity, and possible mechanism of the manganese/tungsten oxide system are presented and discussed. This PS II mimic shows a compelling working principle by combining the active catalysts in water splitting with semiconductor hetero-nanostructures for effective solar energy harnessing and is highly likely to offer novel technology for transforming the solar energy into our future energy systems.

ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. A Robust PS II Mimic: Using Manganese/Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Photo Water Splitting. Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications 2017, 343 -358.

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. A Robust PS II Mimic: Using Manganese/Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Photo Water Splitting. Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications. 2017; ():343-358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. 2017. "A Robust PS II Mimic: Using Manganese/Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Photo Water Splitting." Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications , no. : 343-358.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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ACS Style

Harvey J.M. Hou; Tatsuya Tomo; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. An introduction to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Production in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroğlu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2017, 42, 8410 -8417.

AMA Style

Harvey J.M. Hou, Tatsuya Tomo, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. An introduction to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Production in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroğlu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2017; 42 (12):8410-8417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J.M. Hou; Tatsuya Tomo; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. 2017. "An introduction to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Production in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroğlu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 12: 8410-8417.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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ACS Style

Harvey J.M. Hou; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. Preface to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroglu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2017, 42, 8408 -8409.

AMA Style

Harvey J.M. Hou, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. Preface to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroglu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2017; 42 (12):8408-8409.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J.M. Hou; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. 2017. "Preface to the special issue section on “The 7th International Conference on Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability in Honor of Nathan Nelson and T. Nejat Veziroglu, 19–25 June 2016, Pushchino, Russia”." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 12: 8408-8409.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Journal of Forensic Research
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Harvey JM Hou-Editor's Note: Journal of Forensic Research (Volume 7 Issue 3)

ACS Style

Harvey Jm Hou. Editor's Note: Journal of Forensic Research (Volume 7 Issue 3). Journal of Forensic Research 2016, 07, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey Jm Hou. Editor's Note: Journal of Forensic Research (Volume 7 Issue 3). Journal of Forensic Research. 2016; 07 (03):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey Jm Hou. 2016. "Editor's Note: Journal of Forensic Research (Volume 7 Issue 3)." Journal of Forensic Research 07, no. 03: 1.

Research article
Published: 12 June 2015 in The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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The heliobacteria are a family of strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, photoheterotrophs in the Firmicutes. They make use of a homodimeric type I reaction center (RC) that contains ∼20 antenna bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) g molecules, a special pair of BChl g′ molecules (P800), two 81-OH-Chl aF molecules (A0), a [4Fe–4S] iron–sulfur cluster (FX), and a carotenoid (4,4′-diaponeurosporene). It is known that in the presence of light and oxygen BChl g is converted to a species with an absorption spectrum identical to that of Chl a. Here, we show that main product of the conversion is 81-OH-Chl aF. Smaller amounts of two other oxidized Chl aF species are also produced. In the presence of light and oxygen, the kinetics of the conversion are monophasic and temperature dependent, with an activation energy of 66 ± 2 kJ mol–1. In the presence of oxygen in the dark, the conversion occurs in two temperature-dependent kinetic phases: a slow phase followed by a fast phase with an activation energy of 53 ± 1 kJ mol–1. The loss of BChl g′ occurs at the same rate as the loss of Bchl g; hence, the special pair converts at the same rate as the antenna Chl’s. However, the loss of P800 photooxidiation and flavodoxin reduction is not linear with the loss of BChl g. In anaerobic RCs, the charge recombination between P800+ and FX– at 80 K is monophasic with a lifetime of 4.2 ms, but after exposure to oxygen, an additional phase with a lifetime of 0.3 ms is observed. Transient EPR data show that the line width of P800+ increases as BChl g is converted to Chl aF and the rate of electron transfer from A0 to FX, as estimated from the net polarization generated by singlet–triplet mixing during the lifetime of P800+A0–, is unchanged. The transient EPR data also show that conversion of the BChl g results in increased formation of triplet states of both BChl g and Chl aF. The nonlinear loss of P800 photooxidiation and flavodoxin reduction, the biphasic backreaction kinetics, and the increased EPR line width of P800+ are all consistent with a model in which the BChl g′/BChl g′ and BChl g′/Chl aF′ special pairs are functional but the Chl aF′/Chl aF′ special pair is not.

ACS Style

Bryan Ferlez; Weibing Dong; Reza Siavashi; Kevin Redding; Harvey J. M. Hou; John. H. Golbeck; Art van der Est. The Effect of Bacteriochlorophyll g Oxidation on Energy and Electron Transfer in Reaction Centers from Heliobacterium modesticaldum. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2015, 119, 13714 -13725.

AMA Style

Bryan Ferlez, Weibing Dong, Reza Siavashi, Kevin Redding, Harvey J. M. Hou, John. H. Golbeck, Art van der Est. The Effect of Bacteriochlorophyll g Oxidation on Energy and Electron Transfer in Reaction Centers from Heliobacterium modesticaldum. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2015; 119 (43):13714-13725.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bryan Ferlez; Weibing Dong; Reza Siavashi; Kevin Redding; Harvey J. M. Hou; John. H. Golbeck; Art van der Est. 2015. "The Effect of Bacteriochlorophyll g Oxidation on Energy and Electron Transfer in Reaction Centers from Heliobacterium modesticaldum." The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 119, no. 43: 13714-13725.

Editorial article
Published: 28 May 2014 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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Current challenges in photosynthesis: from natural to artificial

ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev; Mohammad M. Najafpour; Govindjee. Current challenges in photosynthesis: from natural to artificial. Frontiers in Plant Science 2014, 5, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev, Mohammad M. Najafpour, Govindjee. Current challenges in photosynthesis: from natural to artificial. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014; 5 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou; Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev; Mohammad M. Najafpour; Govindjee. 2014. "Current challenges in photosynthesis: from natural to artificial." Frontiers in Plant Science 5, no. : 1.

Opinion article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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Unidirectional photodamage of pheophytin in photosynthesis

ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Unidirectional photodamage of pheophytin in photosynthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science 2014, 4, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Unidirectional photodamage of pheophytin in photosynthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014; 4 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. 2014. "Unidirectional photodamage of pheophytin in photosynthesis." Frontiers in Plant Science 4, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2013 in Photosynthesis Research
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We have previously investigated the response mechanisms of photosystem II complexes from spinach to strong UV and visible irradiations (Wei et al J Photochem Photobiol B 104:118-125, 2011). In this work, we extend our study to the effects of strong light on the unusual cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina, which is able to use chlorophyll d (Chl d) to harvest solar energy at a longer wavelength (740 nm). We found that ultraviolet (UV) or high level of visible and near-far red light is harmful to A. marina. Treatment with strong white light (1,200 μmol quanta m(-2) s(-1)) caused a parallel decrease in PSII oxygen evolution of intact cells and in extracted pigments Chl d, zeaxanthin, and α-carotene analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, with severe loss after 6 h. When cells were irradiated with 700 nm of light (100 μmol quanta m(-2) s(-1)) there was also bleaching of Chl d and loss of photosynthetic activity. Interestingly, UVB radiation (138 μmol quanta m(-2) s(-1)) caused a loss of photosynthetic activity without reduction in Chl d. Excess absorption of light by Chl d (visible or 700 nm) causes a reduction in photosynthesis and loss of pigments in light harvesting and photoprotection, likely by photoinhibition and inactivation of photosystem II, while inhibition of photosynthesis by UVB radiation may occur by release of Mn ion(s) in Mn4CaO5 center in photosystem II.

ACS Style

Xuejing Hou; Aaron Raposo; Harvey J. M. Hou. Response of chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina to UV and visible irradiations. Photosynthesis Research 2013, 117, 497 -507.

AMA Style

Xuejing Hou, Aaron Raposo, Harvey J. M. Hou. Response of chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina to UV and visible irradiations. Photosynthesis Research. 2013; 117 (1-3):497-507.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuejing Hou; Aaron Raposo; Harvey J. M. Hou. 2013. "Response of chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina to UV and visible irradiations." Photosynthesis Research 117, no. 1-3: 497-507.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Journal of Forensic Research
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ACS Style

Harvey Jm Hou. Toward Chemical Signature Analysis of Forensic Evidences. Journal of Forensic Research 2013, 04, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey Jm Hou. Toward Chemical Signature Analysis of Forensic Evidences. Journal of Forensic Research. 2013; 04 (05):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey Jm Hou. 2013. "Toward Chemical Signature Analysis of Forensic Evidences." Journal of Forensic Research 04, no. 05: 1.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in ACS Symposium Series
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This book is written by twenty eight experienced bioanalytical educators and provides specific examples including experiments and courses in bioanalytical chemistry education. Bioanalytical chemistry is broadly defined in this book as analytical applications in the chemical and biological sciences using a variety of experimental methodologies. In this chapter, I will briefly present current statues of bioanalytical chemistry education, summarize the innovative pedagogy and approach in teaching bioanalytical chemistry, discuss the novel bioanalytical laboratory experiments, and review the new bioanalytical chemistry courses presently taught in the chemistry curriculum. I will also share my experience in teaching bioanalytical chemistry, and my views on the potential problems and possible solutions in bioanalytical chemistry education.

ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Introduction: Bioanalytical Chemistry Education. ACS Symposium Series 2013, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Introduction: Bioanalytical Chemistry Education. ACS Symposium Series. 2013; ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. 2013. "Introduction: Bioanalytical Chemistry Education." ACS Symposium Series , no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Journal of Forensic Research
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Microbial forensics is emerged as a new interdisciplinary field and focuses on the characterization, analysis and interpretation of evidence from the scene of bioterrorism or biocrimes. Mass spectrometry is one of the key techniques in the identification of botulinum neurotoxins, which are among the top six species in the list of bioagents. In this review, I overview the current understanding of structure and function of botulinum neurotoxins, introduce the detection and identification of botulinum neurotoxins, and discuss the progress and the possible strategies of “botulinum neurotoxins signatures” in microbial forensics. The “botulinum neurotoxins signatures” may be obtained using bioanalytical and biophysical methodologies, especially mass spectral proteomics and may provide specific information in detecting and identifying botulinum neurotoxins to combat bioterrorism and biocrimes.

ACS Style

Harvey J M Hou. Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Detection by Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Samples. Journal of Forensic Research 2013, 04, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey J M Hou. Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Detection by Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Samples. Journal of Forensic Research. 2013; 04 (03):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J M Hou. 2013. "Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Detection by Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Samples." Journal of Forensic Research 04, no. 03: 1.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in ACS Symposium Series
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ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Preface. ACS Symposium Series 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Preface. ACS Symposium Series. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. 2013. "Preface." ACS Symposium Series , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 07 June 2012 in Agriculture
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The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) contains rich antioxidants and has significant health benefits in fighting a variety of human diseases. In the past ten years, cranberry growers have reported yellow vine syndrome, which is associated with reduced photosynthetic performance, in the cranberry bogs. It has been found that the yellow vine syndrome of cranberry is associated with nutritional imbalance; it might be an issue for cranberry quality and food security as well as the crop production. This review evaluates the present state of knowledge of yellow vine syndrome, together with recent advances that are resulting from an improved mechanistic understanding and a possible solution that will be of considerable value to cranberry growers. This review also includes results from the author’s own laboratory. Water stress, nutritional imbalance, and photoinhibition are the likely reasons for producing yellow vine of cranberry. Future endeavors should be placed on the combination of genetic, biochemical, and biophysical techniques at the molecular level and plant physiology at the field and greenhouse level. This may provide specific information in order to understand the molecular details of yellow vine of cranberry as well as a tool for guiding future breeding efforts and management practices.

ACS Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Photosynthesis and Yellow Vine Syndrome of American Cranberry. Agriculture 2012, 2, 125 -138.

AMA Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. Photosynthesis and Yellow Vine Syndrome of American Cranberry. Agriculture. 2012; 2 (2):125-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J. M. Hou. 2012. "Photosynthesis and Yellow Vine Syndrome of American Cranberry." Agriculture 2, no. 2: 125-138.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2012 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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The n-type semiconductor tungsten oxide is readily dissolved in aqueous solution at pH > 4 and may be problematic in water splitting catalysis. We have reported that a tungsten oxide photoanode prepared by atomic layer deposition can be stabilized with a Mn-oxo compound for efficient photo water splitting at pH 4 and pH 7. However the molecular mechanism of water oxidation reaction in this robust catalytic system is not known. In this work, the mechanism for oxygen and hydrogen production by photo water splitting using Mn-oxo complex/tungsten oxide heteronanostructures was examined under different experimental conditions by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as gas chromatographic analysis, O-18 isotope measurements, and pH dependence of photocurrent. We found that the Mn(II) species plays an important role in the catalytic cycle of water oxidation in the Mn-oxo oligomer complex/tungsten oxide system and propose a working model of the Mn-oxo oligomer complex/tungsten oxide catalytic system in photo water splitting.

ACS Style

Lien-Yang Chou; Rui Liu; Wanshu He; Ndi Geh; Yongjing Lin; Emily Y.F. Hou; Dunwei Wang; Harvey J.M. Hou. Direct oxygen and hydrogen production by photo water splitting using a robust bioinspired manganese-oxo oligomer complex/tungsten oxide catalytic system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2012, 37, 8889 -8896.

AMA Style

Lien-Yang Chou, Rui Liu, Wanshu He, Ndi Geh, Yongjing Lin, Emily Y.F. Hou, Dunwei Wang, Harvey J.M. Hou. Direct oxygen and hydrogen production by photo water splitting using a robust bioinspired manganese-oxo oligomer complex/tungsten oxide catalytic system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2012; 37 (10):8889-8896.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lien-Yang Chou; Rui Liu; Wanshu He; Ndi Geh; Yongjing Lin; Emily Y.F. Hou; Dunwei Wang; Harvey J.M. Hou. 2012. "Direct oxygen and hydrogen production by photo water splitting using a robust bioinspired manganese-oxo oligomer complex/tungsten oxide catalytic system." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 37, no. 10: 8889-8896.

Journal article
Published: 02 May 2012 in Frontiers in Biology
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The most amazing chemistry is the light-driven water splitting reaction occurred in the oxygen-evolving complex of phototsystem II in higher plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. Mn, in the form of Mn4CaO5 cluster in photosystem II, is responsible for the catalytic water splitting reaction as well as plays roles in photosystem II dynamics to irradiation and temperatures. Manganese hypothesis of UV-initiated photoinhibition as a direct target is established, and thermal inactivation of photosystem II involves the valence and structural changes of manganese. Recent progresses in understanding the roles of manganese in photoinhibition especially under UV light and in thermal inactivation including elevated temperatures using synthetic models and native PS II complexes are summarized and evaluated. Potential problems and possible solutions are discussed and presented.

ACS Style

Xuejing Hou; Harvey J. M. Hou. Roles of manganese in photosystem II dynamics to irradiations and temperatures. Frontiers in Biology 2012, 8, 312 -322.

AMA Style

Xuejing Hou, Harvey J. M. Hou. Roles of manganese in photosystem II dynamics to irradiations and temperatures. Frontiers in Biology. 2012; 8 (3):312-322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuejing Hou; Harvey J. M. Hou. 2012. "Roles of manganese in photosystem II dynamics to irradiations and temperatures." Frontiers in Biology 8, no. 3: 312-322.

Review
Published: 28 September 2011 in Materials
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In nature, the water-splitting reaction via photosynthesis driven by sunlight in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria stores the vast solar energy and provides vital oxygen to life on earth. The recent advances in elucidating the structures and functions of natural photosynthesis has provided firm framework and solid foundation in applying the knowledge to transform the carbon-based energy to renewable solar energy into our energy systems. In this review, inspired by photosynthesis robust photo water-splitting systems using manganese-containing materials including Mn-terpy dimer/titanium oxide, Mn-oxo tetramer/Nafion, and Mn-terpy oligomer/tungsten oxide, in solar fuel production are summarized and evaluated. Potential problems and future endeavors are also discussed.

ACS Style

Harvey J.M. Hou. Manganese-based Materials Inspired by Photosynthesis for Water-Splitting. Materials 2011, 4, 1693 -1704.

AMA Style

Harvey J.M. Hou. Manganese-based Materials Inspired by Photosynthesis for Water-Splitting. Materials. 2011; 4 (10):1693-1704.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Harvey J.M. Hou. 2011. "Manganese-based Materials Inspired by Photosynthesis for Water-Splitting." Materials 4, no. 10: 1693-1704.