This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Social Entrepreneurship (SE) describes a new entrepreneurial form combining the generation of financial and social value. In recent years, research interest in SE increased in various disciplines with a particular focus on the characteristics of social enterprises. Whereas a clear-cut definition of SE is yet to be found, there is evidence that culture and economy affect and shape features of SE activity. In addition, sector-dependent differences are supposed. Building on Institutional Theory and employing a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach, this study sheds light on the existence of international and inter-sector differences by examining 161 UK and Indian social enterprises. A content analysis and analyses of variance were employed and yielded similarities as well as several significant differences on an international and inter-sector level, e.g., regarding innovativeness and the generation of revenue. The current study contributes to a more nuanced picture of the SE landscape by comparing social enterprise characteristics in a developed and a developing country on the one hand and different sectors on the other hand. Furthermore, I highlight the benefits of jointly applying qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Future research should pay more attention to the innate heterogeneity among social enterprises and further consolidate and extend these findings.
Philipp Kruse. Exploring International and Inter-Sector Differences of Social Enterprises in the UK and India. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5870 .
AMA StylePhilipp Kruse. Exploring International and Inter-Sector Differences of Social Enterprises in the UK and India. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5870.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Kruse. 2021. "Exploring International and Inter-Sector Differences of Social Enterprises in the UK and India." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5870.
The demand for entrepreneurship to become more prevalent in societies worldwide highlights the need to better understand entrepreneurial intentions (EI). This is particularly important for African nations characterised by significant poverty and low income. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) this paper explores potential predictors of these intentions in two countries that differ considerably in their economic situation and culture. It chiefly focuses on SEI as socially desired, yet still unexplored phenomenon. The current study differentiates between social (SEI) and commercial (CEI) entrepreneurial intentions and explores their antecedents among university students in Namibia (n = 223) and Germany (n = 1326). The results suggest that TPB only poorly predicts SEI, particularly in Namibia. However, they support universally positive effect of perceived behavioural control on formation of CEI in both countries. This study contributes to emerging research into antecedents of SEI. It also highlights the need to test exploratory power of recognised theories such as TPB within different contexts and types of entrepreneurial activity.
Dominika Wach; Philipp Kruse; Sílvia Costa; Juan Antonio Moriano. Exploring Social and Commercial Entrepreneurial Intentions from Theory of Planned Behaviour Perspective: A Cross-Country Study among Namibian and German Students. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleDominika Wach, Philipp Kruse, Sílvia Costa, Juan Antonio Moriano. Exploring Social and Commercial Entrepreneurial Intentions from Theory of Planned Behaviour Perspective: A Cross-Country Study among Namibian and German Students. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDominika Wach; Philipp Kruse; Sílvia Costa; Juan Antonio Moriano. 2021. "Exploring Social and Commercial Entrepreneurial Intentions from Theory of Planned Behaviour Perspective: A Cross-Country Study among Namibian and German Students." Journal of Social Entrepreneurship , no. : 1-22.
Social entrepreneurship (SE) is acknowledged as a valuable tool for tackling social problems. Whereas SE intention (SEI) is considered an important prerequisite for founding a social enterprise, empirical research on SEI-antecedents lacks structure and quantitative integration. We use a newly developed framework featuring individual-, social-, and economic-level antecedents of SEI to summarize prior research on SEI in a meta-analysis (k = 21; N = 8697). Results show that our framework is empirically feasible, as significant effects of individual, social, and economic variables on SEI emerge. Furthermore, we find that the national economic stage, sample composition, and SEI-measurement act as moderators.
Philipp Kruse; Dominika Wach; Jürgen Wegge. What motivates social entrepreneurs? A meta-analysis on predictors of the intention to found a social enterprise. Journal of Small Business Management 2020, 59, 477 -508.
AMA StylePhilipp Kruse, Dominika Wach, Jürgen Wegge. What motivates social entrepreneurs? A meta-analysis on predictors of the intention to found a social enterprise. Journal of Small Business Management. 2020; 59 (3):477-508.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Kruse; Dominika Wach; Jürgen Wegge. 2020. "What motivates social entrepreneurs? A meta-analysis on predictors of the intention to found a social enterprise." Journal of Small Business Management 59, no. 3: 477-508.
Philipp Kruse. Spreading entrepreneurial news—investigating media influence on social entrepreneurial antecedents. Green Finance 2020, 2, 284 -301.
AMA StylePhilipp Kruse. Spreading entrepreneurial news—investigating media influence on social entrepreneurial antecedents. Green Finance. 2020; 2 (3):284-301.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Kruse. 2020. "Spreading entrepreneurial news—investigating media influence on social entrepreneurial antecedents." Green Finance 2, no. 3: 284-301.
For years, research in social entrepreneurship (SE) has been dominated by theoretical papers and case studies. However, recently, the number of empirical papers on antecedents of SE-intention increased with the underlying models being either adapted from general entrepreneurship or specifically developed for the SE-context. Despite these models postulating different mechanisms of SE-intention formation it remains unclear whether there is one best-suited model for SE-intention prediction or each model features relevant mechanisms contributing to the intention formation process. In order to shed light on this, the current study investigates (i) the mechanisms impacting an individual’s SE-intention formation and (ii) the empirical suitability of the most frequently utilized SE-intention models by Ajzen (1991), Heuer and Liñán (2013), Mair and Noboa (2006) and Hockerts (2017). Structural equation modelling was applied to investigate direct and indirect effects on SE-intention as postulated in the above-mentioned models on the basis of a German sample (N = 355). Subsequently, a χ2-Difference test was used to compare the models. It was found that (i) direct and indirect effects on SE-intention exist and (ii) the models by Ajzen and Mair and Noboa showed a better empirical fit than the models by Heuer and Liñán and Hockerts, respectively. This is remarkable as the former two models only postulate direct effects whereas the latter two also include indirect effects. Notwithstanding acknowledgeable limitations, the current study provides valuable insights and avenues for future research and points out the potential educational benefits of enriching SE-course syllabi with psychological contents.
Philipp Kruse. Can there only be one? – an empirical comparison of four models on social entrepreneurial intention formation. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 2019, 16, 641 -665.
AMA StylePhilipp Kruse. Can there only be one? – an empirical comparison of four models on social entrepreneurial intention formation. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. 2019; 16 (2):641-665.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Kruse. 2019. "Can there only be one? – an empirical comparison of four models on social entrepreneurial intention formation." International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 16, no. 2: 641-665.
In the face of growing social inequality, social entrepreneurship (SE) is considered to be a sustainable way to account for unmet social needs. Research acknowledges that SE-intention is an important prerequisite for SE-activity but there is only limited knowledge about the mechanisms of SE-intention formation. Despite theories with a cognitive focus like the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) having been shown to be able to predict SE-intention, the influence of an individual’s goal orientations, i.e. one`s personal values, on the choice to pursue a career as a social entrepreneur has been largely neglected. By integrating the TPB and Basic Human Values Theory, we investigate the mechanisms through which personal values are related to SE-intentions. Structural-Equation-Analyses with a sample of German university students (N = 1,326) yielded positive direct effects for the personal value dimensions of openness and self-transcendence, and negative direct effects for conservation and self-enhancement on SE-intention. Furthermore, indirect effects of self-transcendence and self-enhancement via the TPB-components emerged. Further research is needed to consolidate our findings and examine potential intercultural differences of value influences on SE-intention formation. The practical implications are that the educators of potential social entrepreneurs should invest more effort in securing a fit of personal values and the values that reinforce SE. Furthermore, our results highlight that making women aware of the possibility of combining social and financial value goals in SE could increase the number of female entrepreneurs.
Philipp Kruse; Dominika Wach; Sílvia Costa; Juan Antonio Moriano. Values Matter, Don’t They? – Combining Theory of Planned Behavior and Personal Values as Predictors of Social Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 2018, 10, 55 -83.
AMA StylePhilipp Kruse, Dominika Wach, Sílvia Costa, Juan Antonio Moriano. Values Matter, Don’t They? – Combining Theory of Planned Behavior and Personal Values as Predictors of Social Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship. 2018; 10 (1):55-83.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhilipp Kruse; Dominika Wach; Sílvia Costa; Juan Antonio Moriano. 2018. "Values Matter, Don’t They? – Combining Theory of Planned Behavior and Personal Values as Predictors of Social Entrepreneurial Intention." Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 10, no. 1: 55-83.