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Prof. Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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0 Identification
0 Mycotoxins
0 Toxicity
0 Aspergillus
0 Fusarium

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Fusarium
Mycotoxins
Occurrence
Identification
Aspergillus
Toxicity
Penicillium
Chromatographic Analysis

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Journal article
Published: 12 August 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In this research, supercritical CO2 extraction is applied to extract bioactive compounds from Lamium album (white dead nettle, Lamiaceae). Extraction was performed at various temperatures (40, 50, and 60 °C) using methanol as co-solvent at a constant flow rate of CO2, methanol, and pressure. The collected extracts were characterized in terms of antioxidant capacity by using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP in vitro antioxidant activity assays, whereas the Folin–Ciocalteu procedure was employed to estimate the total phenols content (TPC). On the other hand, phenolic compounds in the extracts were quantitated by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA) and confirmed with a mass detector (TQD). The extracts have shown high TPC ranged between 234.17 to 650.17 mg GAE/g extract. DPPH scavenging of the extracts was estimated and obtained EC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 0.37 mg/mL of solution. The ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 43.20 to 44.53 µg TE/g. The FRAP value was found within the range of 19.48 to 44.74 µmol TE/g of extract. Differences between extraction conditions were observed. In this research, 50 °C/250 bar was efficient for the TPC, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays; moreover, statistically, TPCs and FRAP assay showed significant differences between the conditions at α = 0.05. The identification of phenolic compounds in the obtained extract of Lamium album flowers, using UPLC/PDA, revealed that chrysin, pinostrobin, myricetin, and trans-3-hydroxycinnamic acid were the significant molecules present, which may be responsible for the high content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The results obtained indicated that SC-CO2 could be considered an alternative method for extracting bioactive compounds of Lamium album. High antioxidant activity and the presence of various bioactive compounds indicate the potential of this plant from the Lamiaceae family and the possibility of its application in various industries, including agriculture, food technology, or pharmacy.

ACS Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza; Anna Gramza-Michałowska; Marcin Bryła; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Lamium album Flower Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7419 .

AMA Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Anna Gramza-Michałowska, Marcin Bryła, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Lamium album Flower Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza; Anna Gramza-Michałowska; Marcin Bryła; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. 2021. "Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Lamium album Flower Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7419.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2021 in Materials
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In the last few years, the scientific community around the world has devoted a lot of attention to the search for the best methods of obtaining nanocellulose. In this work, nanocellulose was obtained in enzymatic reactions with strictly defined dispersion and structural parameters in order to use it as a filler for polymers. The controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of the polysaccharide was carried out in the presence of cellulolytic enzymes from microscopic fungi—Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus sp. It has been shown that the efficiency of bioconversion of cellulose material depends on the type of enzymes used. The use of a complex of cellulases obtained from a fungus of the genus Trichoderma turned out to be an effective method of obtaining cellulose of nanometric dimensions with a very low polydispersity. The effect of cellulose enzymatic reactions was assessed using the technique of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a refractometric detector, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In the second stage, polypropylene composites with nanometric cellulose were obtained by extrusion and injection. It was found by means of X-ray diffraction, hot stage optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry that nanocellulose had a significant effect on the supermolecular structure, nucleation activity and the course of phase transitions of the obtained polymer nanocomposites. Moreover, the obtained nanocomposites are characterized by very good strength properties. This paper describes for the first time that the obtained cellulose nanofillers with defined parameters can be used for the production of polymer composites with a strictly defined polymorphic structure, which in turn may influence future decision making about obtaining materials with controllable properties, e.g., high flexibility, enabling the thermoforming process of packaging.

ACS Style

Daria Zielińska; Kinga Szentner; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Sławomir Borysiak. Production of Nanocellulose by Enzymatic Treatment for Application in Polymer Composites. Materials 2021, 14, 2124 .

AMA Style

Daria Zielińska, Kinga Szentner, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Sławomir Borysiak. Production of Nanocellulose by Enzymatic Treatment for Application in Polymer Composites. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2124.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daria Zielińska; Kinga Szentner; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Sławomir Borysiak. 2021. "Production of Nanocellulose by Enzymatic Treatment for Application in Polymer Composites." Materials 14, no. 9: 2124.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2021 in Agronomy
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The effect of mineral fertilization (NPK), foliar fertilization with micronutrients (Cu, Zn and Mn) and the NanoGro biostimulant on the severity of leaf, spike, stem base and root diseases in winter spelt cv. Schwabenkorn was evaluated in a field-plot experiment. A mycological analysis was performed and the content of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain was determined. Mineral fertilization (NPK), foliar fertilization with micronutrients and the NanoGro biostimulant exerted varied effects on the severity of Septoria leaf blotch and Septoria glume blotch, they promoted the spread of brown rust (excluding the NPK + NanoGro treatment) and inhibited the spread of black head mold (excluding the NPK treatment), eyespot and Fusarium foot and root rot (excluding the NPK + Mn treatment). Fertilization had no influence on grain yield or the content of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain. The concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins FB1 + FB2 did not exceed the maximum permissible levels (except for DON in NPK + Cu + Zn + Mn and NPK + NanoGro treatments). Throughout the experiment, ergosterol (ERG) concentrations were highest in the grain of unfertilized spelt plants.

ACS Style

Bożena Cwalina-Ambroziak; Arkadiusz Stępień; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca. The Effect of Foliar Fertilization with Micronutrients on Disease Severity and Mycotoxin Concentrations in the Grain of Winter Spelt (Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L.): A Case Study. Agronomy 2021, 11, 678 .

AMA Style

Bożena Cwalina-Ambroziak, Arkadiusz Stępień, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca. The Effect of Foliar Fertilization with Micronutrients on Disease Severity and Mycotoxin Concentrations in the Grain of Winter Spelt (Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L.): A Case Study. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (4):678.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bożena Cwalina-Ambroziak; Arkadiusz Stępień; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca. 2021. "The Effect of Foliar Fertilization with Micronutrients on Disease Severity and Mycotoxin Concentrations in the Grain of Winter Spelt (Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L.): A Case Study." Agronomy 11, no. 4: 678.

Journal article
Published: 20 March 2021 in Materials
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In the last decade, an increasingly common method of maize stover management is to use it for energy generation, including anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide a chemical and structural characterization of maize stover fractions and, based on these parameters, to evaluate the potential application of these fractions, including for biogas production. In the study, maize stover fractions, including cobs, husks, leaves and stalks, were used. The biomass samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction and analysis of elemental composition. Among all maize stover fractions, stalks showed the highest C:N ratio, degree of crystallinity and cellulose and lignin contents. The high crystallinity index of stalks (38%) is associated with their high cellulose content (44.87%). FTIR analysis showed that the spectrum of maize stalks is characterized by the highest intensity of bands at 1512 cm−1 and 1384 cm−1, which are the characteristic bands of lignin and cellulose. Obtained results indicate that the maize stover fraction has an influence on the chemical and structural parameters. Moreover, presented results indicate that stalks are characterized by the most favorable chemical parameters for biogas production.

ACS Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Izabela Ratajczak; Dawid Wojcieszak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Kinga Szentner; Jacek Przybył; Sławomir Borysiak; Piotr Goliński. Chemical and Structural Characterization of Maize Stover Fractions in Aspect of Its Possible Applications. Materials 2021, 14, 1527 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Woźniak, Izabela Ratajczak, Dawid Wojcieszak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Kinga Szentner, Jacek Przybył, Sławomir Borysiak, Piotr Goliński. Chemical and Structural Characterization of Maize Stover Fractions in Aspect of Its Possible Applications. Materials. 2021; 14 (6):1527.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Izabela Ratajczak; Dawid Wojcieszak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Kinga Szentner; Jacek Przybył; Sławomir Borysiak; Piotr Goliński. 2021. "Chemical and Structural Characterization of Maize Stover Fractions in Aspect of Its Possible Applications." Materials 14, no. 6: 1527.

Communication
Published: 11 February 2021 in Toxins
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The transformation of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), and their glucosides (DON3G and NIV3G) during the malting of grains of two wheat varieties was studied. The concentration of DON3G and NIV3G started to increase significantly before the concentration of DON and NIV increased. This may reflect the transformation of the parent mycotoxin forms into their glucosides due to xenobiotic detoxification reactions. After a sharp rise during the last 2 days of the process (day 6 and 7), the DON concentration reached 3010 ± 338 µg/kg in the Legenda wheat-based malt and 4678 ± 963 µg/kg in the Pokusa wheat-based malt. The NIV concentration, at 691 ± 65 µg/kg, remained the same as that in the dry grain. The concentration of DON3G in the Legenda and Pokusa wheat-based malt was five and three times higher, respectively, than that in the steeped grain. The concentration of NIV3G in the Legenda wheat-based malt was more than twice as high as that in the steeped grain. The sharp increase in the concentration of DON at the end of the malting process reflected the high pathogen activity. We set aside some samples to study a batch that was left undisturbed without turning and aeration, for the entire period of malting. The concentration of DON in the malt produced from the latter batch was 135% and 337% higher, for Legenda and Pokusa, respectively, than that in the malt produced from the batch that was turned and aerated. The NIV concentration was 22% higher in the latter batch.

ACS Style

Marcin Bryła; Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Dorota Michałowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Romuald Gwiazdowski. Transformation of Selected Trichothecenes during the Wheat Malting Production. Toxins 2021, 13, 135 .

AMA Style

Marcin Bryła, Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak, Dorota Michałowska, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Tomoya Yoshinari, Romuald Gwiazdowski. Transformation of Selected Trichothecenes during the Wheat Malting Production. Toxins. 2021; 13 (2):135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Bryła; Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Dorota Michałowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Romuald Gwiazdowski. 2021. "Transformation of Selected Trichothecenes during the Wheat Malting Production." Toxins 13, no. 2: 135.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2021 in Biomolecules
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The occurrence and diversity of Lecanicillium and Sarocladium in maize seeds and their role in this cereal are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate Sarocladium and Lecanicillium communities found in endosphere of maize seeds collected from fields in Poland and their potential to form selected bioactive substances. The sequencing of the internally transcribed spacer regions 1 (ITS 1) and 2 (ITS2) and the large-subunit (LSU, 28S) of the rRNA gene cluster resulted in the identification of 17 Sarocladium zeae strains, three Sarocladium strictum and five Lecanicillium lecanii isolates. The assay on solid substrate showed that S. zeae and S. strictum can synthesize bassianolide, vertilecanin A, vertilecanin A methyl ester, 2-decenedioic acid and 10-hydroxy-8-decenoic acid. This is also the first study revealing the ability of these two species to produce beauvericin and enniatin B1, respectively. Moreover, for the first time in the present investigation, pyrrocidine A and/or B have been annotated as metabolites of S. strictum and L. lecanii. The production of toxic, insecticidal and antibacterial compounds in cultures of S. strictum, S. zeae and L. lecanii suggests the requirement to revise the approach to study the biological role of fungi inhabiting maize seeds.

ACS Style

Lidia Błaszczyk; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Karolina Gromadzka; Katarzyna Mikołajczak; Jerzy Chełkowski. Sarocladium and Lecanicillium Associated with Maize Seeds and Their Potential to Form Selected Secondary Metabolites. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 98 .

AMA Style

Lidia Błaszczyk, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Karolina Gromadzka, Katarzyna Mikołajczak, Jerzy Chełkowski. Sarocladium and Lecanicillium Associated with Maize Seeds and Their Potential to Form Selected Secondary Metabolites. Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (1):98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lidia Błaszczyk; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Karolina Gromadzka; Katarzyna Mikołajczak; Jerzy Chełkowski. 2021. "Sarocladium and Lecanicillium Associated with Maize Seeds and Their Potential to Form Selected Secondary Metabolites." Biomolecules 11, no. 1: 98.

Review
Published: 03 December 2020 in Toxins
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Most of the fungi from the Fusarium genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (BEAs), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvenniatins (BEAEs). When ingested, even small amounts of these metabolites significantly affect human and animal health. On the other hand, in view of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity, they may be used as components in drug discovery and processing and are considered as suitable candidates for anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the existing knowledge about cyclodepsipeptides and to search for new analogues of these compounds. The present manuscript aimed to highlight the extensive variability of cyclodepsipeptides by describing chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of BEAs, ENNs, and BEAEs in foods and feeds. Moreover, the co-occurrence of Fusarium species was compared to the amounts of toxins in crops, vegetables, and fruits from different regions of the world.

ACS Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence. Toxins 2020, 12, 765 .

AMA Style

Monika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence." Toxins 12, no. 12: 765.

Journal article
Published: 23 November 2020 in Pathogens
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Being pathogenic fungi, Fusarium produce various extracellular cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) that degrade the polysaccharides in the plant cell wall. They also produce mycotoxins that contaminate grains, thereby posing a serious threat to animals and human beings. Exposure to mycotoxins occurs through ingestion of contaminated grains, inhalation and through skin absorption, thereby causing mycotoxicoses. The toxins weaken the host plant, allowing the pathogen to invade successfully, with the efficiency varying from strain to strain and depending on the plant infected. Fusariumoxysporum predominantly produces moniliformin and cyclodepsipeptides, whereas F. proliferatum produces fumonisins. The aim of the study was to understand the role of various substrates and pea plant extracts in inducing the production of CWDEs and mycotoxins. Additionally, to monitor the differences in their levels when susceptible and resistant pea plant extracts were supplemented. The cultures of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum strains were supplemented with various potential inducers of CWDEs. During the initial days after the addition of substrates, the fungus cocultivated with pea extracts and other carbon substrates showed increased activities of β-glucosidase, xylanase, exo-1,4-glucanase and lipase. The highest inhibition of mycelium growth (57%) was found in the cultures of F. proliferatum strain PEA1 upon the addition of cv. Sokolik extract. The lowest fumonisin content was exhibited by the cultures with the pea extracts and oat bran added, and this can be related to the secondary metabolites and antioxidants present in these substrates.

ACS Style

Lakshmipriya Perincherry; Chaima Ajmi; Souheib Oueslati; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. Induction of Fusarium lytic Enzymes by Extracts from Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Pathogens 2020, 9, 976 .

AMA Style

Lakshmipriya Perincherry, Chaima Ajmi, Souheib Oueslati, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień. Induction of Fusarium lytic Enzymes by Extracts from Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Pathogens. 2020; 9 (11):976.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lakshmipriya Perincherry; Chaima Ajmi; Souheib Oueslati; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Induction of Fusarium lytic Enzymes by Extracts from Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)." Pathogens 9, no. 11: 976.

Journal article
Published: 15 November 2020 in Journal of Fungi
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Beauvericin (BEA) is a cyclodepsipeptide mycotoxin, showing insecticidal, antibiotic and antimicrobial activities, as well as inducing apoptosis of cancer cell lines. BEA can be produced by multiple fungal species, including saprotrophs, plant, insect and human pathogens, particularly belonging to Fusarium, Beauveria and Isaria genera. The ability of Trichoderma species to produce BEA was until now uncertain. Biosynthesis of BEA is governed by a non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS), known as beauvericin synthase (BEAS), which appears to present considerable divergence among different fungal species. In the present study we compared the production of beauvericin among Fusarium and Trichoderma strains using UPLC methods. BEAS fragments were sequenced and analyzed to examine the level of the gene’s divergence between these two genera and confirm the presence of active BEAS copy in Trichoderma. Seventeen strains of twelve species were studied and phylogenetic analysis showed distinctive grouping of Fusarium and Trichoderma strains. The highest producers of beauvericin were F. proliferatum and F. nygamai. Trichoderma strains of three species (T. atroviride, T. viride, T. koningiopsis) were minor BEA producers. The study showed beauvericin production by Fusarium and Trichoderma species and high variance of the non-ribosomal peptide synthase gene among fungal species from the Hypocreales order.

ACS Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Koczyk; Lidia Błaszczyk; Łukasz Stępień. Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species. Journal of Fungi 2020, 6, 288 .

AMA Style

Monika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Grzegorz Koczyk, Lidia Błaszczyk, Łukasz Stępień. Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6 (4):288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Koczyk; Lidia Błaszczyk; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4: 288.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2020 in Agriculture
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The occurrence of diseases in the cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) leads to the loss of grain yield and the simultaneous deterioration of its quality. Fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. pose the greatest threat to maize cultivation. These fungi occur at all stages of the plant’s development, causing Fusarium seedling blight, root rot, foot rot, and ear rot, including grains. Therefore, the aim of the conducted field studies was to determine the influence of selected agriculture factors on mycotoxin contents in maize grain and ear core. Moreover, it should be noted that the presence of mycotoxins in food products in terms of legal regulations is quite a fundamental barrier both in domestic and international trade. The field experiment was carried out at the Department of Agronomy of Poznań University of Life Sciences, on the fields of the Experimental and Educational Unit in Swadzim, Poland, in 2013–2014, in four field replicates. The study involved the following factors: soil sowing preparation method, types of variates, and fertilization method, all of which shape mycotoxin accumulation. The results indicated that the main effects of years were significant for all observed traits for both the core and grain. The concentrations of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone were higher in 2014 than in 2013 for both core and grain. The concentrations of fumonisin B1 and fumonisin B2 were higher in the first year of study for core and grain. The direct sowing of maize significantly affects plants’ health status, expressed by an increase in mycotoxin accumulation. Traditional hybrid SY Cooky characterized higher values of observed traits than “stay-green” hybrid Drim (except fumonisin B2 for cob). The positive effect of the row method of NP fertilizer application is based on a decrease in mycotoxin content.

ACS Style

Jan Bocianowski; Piotr Szulc; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Adrian Cyplik. The Effect of Agrotechnical Factors on Fusarium Mycotoxins Level in Maize. Agriculture 2020, 10, 528 .

AMA Style

Jan Bocianowski, Piotr Szulc, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Adrian Cyplik. The Effect of Agrotechnical Factors on Fusarium Mycotoxins Level in Maize. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (11):528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan Bocianowski; Piotr Szulc; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Adrian Cyplik. 2020. "The Effect of Agrotechnical Factors on Fusarium Mycotoxins Level in Maize." Agriculture 10, no. 11: 528.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between soluble sugar levels (sucrose, glucose, or fructose) in yellow lupine embryo axes and the pathogenicity of the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Schlecht lupini. The first step of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous saccharides on the growth and sporulation of F. oxysporum. The second one focused on estimating the levels of ergosterol as a fungal growth indicator in infected embryo axes cultured in vitro on sugar containing-medium or without it. The third aim of this study was to record the levels of the mycotoxin moniliformin as the most characteristic secondary metabolite of F. oxysporum in the infected embryo axes with the high sugar medium and without it. Additionally, morphometric measurements, i.e., the length and fresh weight of embryo axes, were done. The levels of ergosterol were the highest in infected embryo axes with a sugar deficit. At the same time, significant accumulation of the mycotoxin moniliformin was recorded in those tissues. Furthermore, it was found that the presence of sugars in water agar medium inhibited the sporulation of the pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum in relation to the control (sporulation of the pathogen on medium without sugar), the strongest inhibiting effect was observed in the case of glucose. Infection caused by F. oxysporum significantly limited the growth of embryo axes, but this effect was more visible on infected axes cultured under sugar deficiency than on the ones cultured with soluble sugars. The obtained results thus showed that high sugar levels may lead to reduced production of mycotoxins by F. oxysporum, limiting infection development and fusariosis.

ACS Style

Magda Formela-Luboińska; Dorota Remlein-Starosta; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Zbigniew Karolewski; Jan Bocianowski; Łukasz Stępień; Mateusz Labudda; Philippe Jeandet; Iwona Morkunas. The Role of Saccharides in the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini in Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7258 .

AMA Style

Magda Formela-Luboińska, Dorota Remlein-Starosta, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Zbigniew Karolewski, Jan Bocianowski, Łukasz Stępień, Mateusz Labudda, Philippe Jeandet, Iwona Morkunas. The Role of Saccharides in the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini in Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (19):7258.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magda Formela-Luboińska; Dorota Remlein-Starosta; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Zbigniew Karolewski; Jan Bocianowski; Łukasz Stępień; Mateusz Labudda; Philippe Jeandet; Iwona Morkunas. 2020. "The Role of Saccharides in the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini in Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19: 7258.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2020 in Molecules
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Propolis is a natural bee product with various beneficial biological effects. The health-promoting properties of propolis depend on its chemical composition, particularly the presence of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between extraction solvent (acetone 100%, ethanol 70% and 96%) and the antifungal, antioxidant, and cytoprotective activity of the extracts obtained from propolis. Concentrations of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the propolis extracts were determined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant potential of different extracts was assessed on the basis of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) free-radical-scavenging activity, Fe3+-reducing power, and ferrous ion (Fe2+)-chelating activity assays. The ability of the extracts to protect human red blood cell membranes against free-radical-induced damage and their antifungal activity was also determined. The results showed that the concentration of flavonoids in the propolis extracts was dependent on the solvent used in the extraction process and pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin, and coumaric acid were the most abundant phenols. All extracts exhibited high antioxidant potential and significantly protected human erythrocytes against oxidative damage. On the other hand, the antifungal activity of the propolis extracts depended on the solvent used in extraction and the fungal strains tested. It needs to be stressed that, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study relating the effect of solvent used for extraction of Polish propolis to its phenolic profile, and its antifungal, antioxidant, and cytoprotective activity.

ACS Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Lucyna Mrówczyńska; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Piotr Nowak; Izabela Ratajczak. Effect of the Solvent on Propolis Phenolic Profile and its Antifungal, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Cytoprotective Activity in Human Erythrocytes Under Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2020, 25, 4266 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Woźniak, Lucyna Mrówczyńska, Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Piotr Nowak, Izabela Ratajczak. Effect of the Solvent on Propolis Phenolic Profile and its Antifungal, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Cytoprotective Activity in Human Erythrocytes Under Oxidative Stress. Molecules. 2020; 25 (18):4266.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Lucyna Mrówczyńska; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Piotr Nowak; Izabela Ratajczak. 2020. "Effect of the Solvent on Propolis Phenolic Profile and its Antifungal, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Cytoprotective Activity in Human Erythrocytes Under Oxidative Stress." Molecules 25, no. 18: 4266.

Review
Published: 24 August 2020 in Molecules
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In this review, recent advances in greener technology for extracting natural bioactive components from plant origin sources are discussed. Bioactive compounds of plant origin have been defined as natural chemical compounds present in small amounts in plants. Researchers have shown interest in extracting bioactive compounds because of their human health benefits and characteristics of being eco-friendly and generally recognized as safe. Various new extraction methods and conventional extraction methods have been developed, however, until now, no unique approach has been presented as a benchmark for extracting natural bioactive compounds from plants. The selectivity and productivity of traditional and modern extraction techniques generally depend on selecting the critical input parameters, knowing the nature of plant-based samples, the structure of bioactive compounds, and good scientific skills. This work aims to discuss the recent advances in supercritical fluid extraction techniques, especially supercritical carbon dioxide, along with the fundamental principles for extracting bioactive compounds from natural plant materials such as herbs, spices, aromatic and medicinal plants.

ACS Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. Recent Advances in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Natural Plant Materials. Molecules 2020, 25, 3847 .

AMA Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. Recent Advances in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Natural Plant Materials. Molecules. 2020; 25 (17):3847.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pascaline Aimee Uwineza; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. 2020. "Recent Advances in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Natural Plant Materials." Molecules 25, no. 17: 3847.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2020 in Pathogens
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Fungi from the Hypocreales order synthesize a range of toxic non-ribosomal cyclic peptides with antimicrobial, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities. Entomopathogenic Beauveria, Isaria and Cordyceps as well as phytopathogenic Fusarium spp. are known producers of beauvericins (BEAs), beauvenniatins (BEAEs) or enniatins (ENNs). The compounds are synthesized by beauvericin/enniatin synthase (BEAS/ESYN1), which shows significant sequence divergence among Hypocreales members. We investigated ENN, BEA and BEAE production among entomopathogenic (Beauveria, Cordyceps, Isaria) and phytopathogenic (Fusarium) fungi; BEA and ENNs were quantified using an LC-MS/MS method. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of putative BEAS/ESYN1 amplicons was also made. Nineteen fungal strains were identified based on sequence analysis of amplified ITS and tef-1α regions. BEA was produced by all investigated fungi, with F. proliferatum and F. concentricum being the most efficient producers. ENNs were synthesized mostly by F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum and C. confragosa. The phylogeny reconstruction suggests that ancestral BEA biosynthesis independently diverged into biosynthesis of other compounds. The divergent positioning of three Fusarium isolates raises the possibility of parallel acquisition of cyclic depsipeptide synthases in ancient complexes within Fusarium genus. Different fungi have independently evolved NRPS genes involved in depsipeptide biosynthesis, with functional adaptation towards biosynthesis of overlapping yet diversified metabolite profiles.

ACS Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Artur Trzebny; Grzegorz Koczyk; Łukasz Stępień. Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes. Pathogens 2020, 9, 552 .

AMA Style

Monika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Artur Trzebny, Grzegorz Koczyk, Łukasz Stępień. Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (7):552.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Artur Trzebny; Grzegorz Koczyk; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes." Pathogens 9, no. 7: 552.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2020 in Toxins
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An increasing number of studies have found that modified mycotoxins, such as free mycotoxins, naturally occur in food, and severely impact food safety. The present study investigated concentrations of trichothecenes nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEN), together with their modified forms, nivalenol-3-glucoside (NIV-3G), deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G), and zearalenone-14-glucoside (ZEN-14G) and zearalenone-14-sulfate (ZEN-14S), respectively, at successive stages of malt loaf production (flour, dough kneading/fermentation, loaf baking). Toxins in bakery products originate in flour produced from wheat grain that is naturally contaminated with Fusarium culmorum. Mycotoxin concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, and did not significantly change during the successive stages of bread production. After the dough kneading/fermentation stage, concentrations of NIV-3G and DON-3G were slightly increased, whereas those of ZEN and ZEN-14S were slightly decreased. The largest average decrease (21%) was found in ZEN-14G. After the baking stage, the average concentrations of NIV-3G, DON-3G, ZEN-14S, and ZEN-14G in the loaf crumb and crust decreased by 23%, 28%, 27%, and 20%, respectively, compared with those in the dough. During this technical process, the concentration of ZEN-14G in loaf crumb significantly decreased by an average of 48%, and those of ZEN, ZEN-14S, and ZEN-14G in loaf crust decreased by an average of 29%, 42%, and 48%, respectively. Considering the possibility of modified mycotoxins degradation to free forms, as well as the ability to synthesize them from free forms during technological processes, it would be prudent to consider them together during analysis.

ACS Style

Marcin Bryła; Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Krystyna Szymczyk; Grażyna Podolska; Romuald Gwiazdowski; Krzysztof Kubiak. Transformations of Selected Fusarium Toxins and Their Modified Forms During Malt Loaf Production. Toxins 2020, 12, 385 .

AMA Style

Marcin Bryła, Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Tomoya Yoshinari, Krystyna Szymczyk, Grażyna Podolska, Romuald Gwiazdowski, Krzysztof Kubiak. Transformations of Selected Fusarium Toxins and Their Modified Forms During Malt Loaf Production. Toxins. 2020; 12 (6):385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Bryła; Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Krystyna Szymczyk; Grażyna Podolska; Romuald Gwiazdowski; Krzysztof Kubiak. 2020. "Transformations of Selected Fusarium Toxins and Their Modified Forms During Malt Loaf Production." Toxins 12, no. 6: 385.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2020 in Forests
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Nowadays, there is a growing interest in extending the service life of wood and wood products by applying natural substances that are harmless to humans and the environment. In this paper, propolis was used as an eco-friendly wood preservative. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of Scots pine wood treated with the propolis extract against brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana. The wood biodegradation was assessed by gravimetric method, as well as by the analysis of ergosterol concentration in decayed wood and by the determination of changes in the wood structure by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the impregnation of wood with propolis extract above 12% concentration limited fungal decay. The mass loss of wood treated with 18.9% propolis extract was 2.3% and was over 21 times lower than that for untreated wood. The analysis of ergosterol content and the changes in wood structure also confirmed that the propolis extract above 12% concentration protected wood against decay caused by C. puteana. Moreover, the propolis extract used in wood impregnation was rich in phenolic compounds, mainly chrysin, pinocembrin and galangin, which possess antimicrobial activity. The obtained results indicate that the extract of Polish propolis can be a promising natural wood preservative, safe for humans and the natural environment.

ACS Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Cofta; Izabela Ratajczak. The Possibility of Propolis Extract Application in Wood Protection. Forests 2020, 11, 465 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Woźniak, Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Grzegorz Cofta, Izabela Ratajczak. The Possibility of Propolis Extract Application in Wood Protection. Forests. 2020; 11 (4):465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Woźniak; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Cofta; Izabela Ratajczak. 2020. "The Possibility of Propolis Extract Application in Wood Protection." Forests 11, no. 4: 465.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2020 in Toxins
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A wide range of pet food types are available on the market; the dominant type is dry food formulated in croquets. One of the most common ingredients of dry food are cereals—vectors of harmful mycotoxins posing the risk to pet health. In this study, 38 cat and dog dry food samples available on the Polish market were investigated. Morphological and molecular methods were applied to identify fungal genera present in pet food. Quantification of ergosterol and Fusarium mycotoxins: Fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Obtained results indicated five genera of mycotoxigenic fungi: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp., including Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. Ergosterol and mycotoxins of interest were detected in both cat and dog food samples in the amounts ranging from 0.31 to 4.05 µg/g for ergosterol and 0.3–30.3, 1.2–618.4, 29.6–299.0, and 12.3–53.0 ng/g for zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fumonisin B1, respectively. The conclusion is the presence of mycotoxins in levels much lower than recommended by EU regulations does not eliminate the risk and caution is advised concerning that long-term daily intake of even small doses of mycotoxins can slowly damage pet’s health.

ACS Style

Natalia Witaszak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Jan Bocianowski; Łukasz Stępień. Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats. Toxins 2020, 12, 130 .

AMA Style

Natalia Witaszak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Jan Bocianowski, Łukasz Stępień. Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Witaszak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Jan Bocianowski; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Contamination of Pet Food with Mycobiota and Fusarium Mycotoxins—Focus on Dogs and Cats." Toxins 12, no. 2: 130.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2020 in Toxins
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Asparagus is a genus consisting of over two hundred species of perennial plants. Fusarium proliferatum is a major asparagus pathogen and it biosynthesizes a variety of mycotoxins, of which fumonisins B are prevalent. Our previous studies on F. proliferatum strains indicated that asparagus extract affects the expression of FUM1 gene, encoding polyketide synthase, a key enzyme of the FUM gene cluster governing the biosynthesis of fumonisins. An asparagus-derived F. proliferatum strain increased fumonisin B1 production after extract fractions’ addition, reaching the maximum 2 or 24 h after treatment. The cultures yielded between 40 and 520 mg of dry weight of mycelia after 14 days of cultivation. The differences in fungal biomass amounts between the whole extract and its fractions may result from synergistic effect of all bioactive compounds present in asparagus extract. Among extract fractions, the methanolic fraction had the highest effect on the dry weight of the mycelium reaching about a 13-fold increase compared to the control. Furthermore, we measured the relative expression of the FUM1 gene. Due to the possible antifungal activity of tested extract fractions, future research will be focused on the identification of the Asparagus officinalis L. compounds responsible for this activity.

ACS Style

Natalia Witaszak; Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. The Impacts of Asparagus Extract Fractions on Growth and Fumonisins Biosynthesis in Fusarium Proliferatum. Toxins 2020, 12, 95 .

AMA Style

Natalia Witaszak, Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień. The Impacts of Asparagus Extract Fractions on Growth and Fumonisins Biosynthesis in Fusarium Proliferatum. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):95.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Witaszak; Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "The Impacts of Asparagus Extract Fractions on Growth and Fumonisins Biosynthesis in Fusarium Proliferatum." Toxins 12, no. 2: 95.

Journal article
Published: 26 December 2019 in Pathogens
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Owing to their rich chemical composition, essential oils (EOs) have many interesting properties, including antimicrobial activities. The presence of Fusarium and their secondary metabolites, mycotoxins, in cereal crops is a serious problem in agriculture, which consequently affects food quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of selected EOs on the growth of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum and the biosynthesis of mycotoxins in maize seeds. Chromatographic analysis of ergosterol as a fungal growth indicator showed a significant inhibition of Fusarium growth (83.24–99.99%) compared to the control samples, which as a consequence resulted in a reduction in mycotoxin concentrations. The addition of cinnamon, palmarosa, orange, and spearmint EOs was shown to be the most effective in reducing zearalenone concentration (99.10–99.92%). Deoxynivalenol analysis confirmed a very high reduction of this compound at the application all tested EOs (90.69–100%). The obtained results indicated that EOs have a great potential to inhibit growth of Fusarium fungi as well as reduce the concentration of mycotoxins in maize seed.

ACS Style

Adam Perczak; Daniela Gwiazdowska; Romuald Gwiazdowski; Krzysztof Juś; Katarzyna Marchwińska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. The Inhibitory Potential of Selected Essential Oils on Fusarium spp. Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Maize Seeds. Pathogens 2019, 9, 23 .

AMA Style

Adam Perczak, Daniela Gwiazdowska, Romuald Gwiazdowski, Krzysztof Juś, Katarzyna Marchwińska, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. The Inhibitory Potential of Selected Essential Oils on Fusarium spp. Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Maize Seeds. Pathogens. 2019; 9 (1):23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adam Perczak; Daniela Gwiazdowska; Romuald Gwiazdowski; Krzysztof Juś; Katarzyna Marchwińska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz. 2019. "The Inhibitory Potential of Selected Essential Oils on Fusarium spp. Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Maize Seeds." Pathogens 9, no. 1: 23.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2019 in Toxins
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Eighty-seven samples of malt from several Polish malting plants and 157 beer samples from the beer available on the Polish market (in 2018) were tested for Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV)), and their modified forms ((deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G), nivalenol-3-glucoside (NIV-3G), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON)). DON and its metabolite, DON-3G, were found the most, among the samples analyzed; DON and DON-3G were present in 90% and 91% of malt samples, and in 97% and 99% of beer samples, respectively. NIV was found in 24% of malt samples and in 64% of beer samples, and NIV-3G was found in 48% of malt samples and 39% of beer samples. In the malt samples, the mean concentration of DON was 52.9 µg/kg (range: 5.3–347.6 µg/kg) and that of DON-3G was 74.1 µg/kg (range: 4.4–410.3 µg/kg). In the beer samples, the mean concentration of DON was 12.3 µg/L (range: 1.2–156.5 µg/L) and that of DON-3G was 7.1 µg/L (range: 0.6–58.4 µg/L). The concentrations of other tested mycotoxins in the samples of malt and beer were several times lower. The risk of exposure to the tested mycotoxins, following the consumption of beer in Poland, was assessed. The corresponding probable daily intakes (PDIs) remained a small fraction of the tolerable daily intake (TDI). However, in the improbable worst-case scenario, in which every beer bottle consumed would be contaminated with mycotoxins present at the highest level observed among the analyzed beer samples, the PDI would exceed the TDI for DON and its metabolite after the consumption of a single bottle (0.5 L) of beer.

ACS Style

Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Marcin Bryła; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Krystyna Szymczyk. Selected Trichothecenes in Barley Malt and Beer from Poland and an Assessment of Dietary Risks Associated with their Consumption. Toxins 2019, 11, 715 .

AMA Style

Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak, Marcin Bryła, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Tomoya Yoshinari, Krystyna Szymczyk. Selected Trichothecenes in Barley Malt and Beer from Poland and an Assessment of Dietary Risks Associated with their Consumption. Toxins. 2019; 11 (12):715.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak; Marcin Bryła; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Tomoya Yoshinari; Krystyna Szymczyk. 2019. "Selected Trichothecenes in Barley Malt and Beer from Poland and an Assessment of Dietary Risks Associated with their Consumption." Toxins 11, no. 12: 715.