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This study aims to reveal the economic, technical, and environmental impacts of different system configurations (centralized or decentralized, components, and technologies) on transition plans to achieve a higher share of renewable energy and desalination supplies for regions facing water scarcity. The main contribution of this research is the comparative evaluation of on-grid decentralized or distributed renewable-powered desalination systems for sustainable water and energy supply planning. Applying a novel nexus approach, an interactive multi-period planning model is developed to highlight synergies and to identify conflicts of planning both energy and water sectors at the same time as endogenous subsystems of one overall system. For studying these synergies in this study, the pace of technology deployment and the path of decline in overall costs are assumed to be a function of experience and knowledge as two-factor learning curves. Using data from 81 projects, the levelized cost and capacity factor of utility-scale photovoltaic and wind supplies in the Middle East were calculated. The results indicate that a scenario with a decentralized water sector and renewable-powered multiple-effect distillation technology has the best overall performance among the proposed scenarios.
Esmaeil Ahmadi; Benjamin McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo; Tetsuo Tezuka. An Integrated Planning Framework for Sustainable Water and Energy Supply. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4295 .
AMA StyleEsmaeil Ahmadi, Benjamin McLellan, Seiichi Ogata, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Tetsuo Tezuka. An Integrated Planning Framework for Sustainable Water and Energy Supply. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsmaeil Ahmadi; Benjamin McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo; Tetsuo Tezuka. 2020. "An Integrated Planning Framework for Sustainable Water and Energy Supply." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4295.
Considering the challenge of accessing reliable household metering data in Nigeria, how can electricity consumption levels be determined? And how do disparities in electricity consumption patterns across the country affect the pursuit of sustainability, universal access and energy transition objectives? This study combined household-reported data on ownership of electrical appliances and energy expenditure with online sales records of household appliances to estimate current and future residential electricity demand in Nigeria, as well as the required generation capacity to achieve 100% electricity access, under various scenarios. Median residential electricity consumption was estimated at 18–27 kWh per capita but these estimates vary between the geographical zones with the North East and South West representing extremes. Under a universal access scenario, the future electricity supply system would be expected to have installed generation capacity sufficient to meet the estimated residential demand of 85 TWh. To further understand the required infrastructure investment as a whole and the approaches that might be preferred in rural versus urban areas, the disaggregated, zone-by-zone and urban/rural data may offer more insight than a whole-of-country approach. The data obtained is useful for identifying specific transitions at the sub-national level that can minimize the required investment while maximizing households’ energy access.
Kayode Olaniyan; Benjamin C. McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Tetsuo Tezuka. Estimating Residential Electricity Consumption in Nigeria to Support Energy Transitions. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1440 .
AMA StyleKayode Olaniyan, Benjamin C. McLellan, Seiichi Ogata, Tetsuo Tezuka. Estimating Residential Electricity Consumption in Nigeria to Support Energy Transitions. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (5):1440.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKayode Olaniyan; Benjamin C. McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Tetsuo Tezuka. 2018. "Estimating Residential Electricity Consumption in Nigeria to Support Energy Transitions." Sustainability 10, no. 5: 1440.
As environmental problems associated with energy systems become more serious, it is necessary to address them with consideration of their interconnections—for example, the energy-mineral nexus. Specifically, it is unclear whether long-term energy scenarios assuming the expansion of low carbon energy technology are sustainable in terms of resource constraints. However, there are few studies that comprehensively analyze the possibility of resource constraints in the process of introducing low carbon energy technology from a long-term perspective. Hence, to provide guidelines for technological development and policy-making toward realizing the low carbon society, this paper undertakes the following: (1) Estimation of the impact of the expansion of low carbon energy technology on future metal demand based, on the International Energy Agency (IEA)’s scenarios; (2) estimation of the potential effects of low carbon energy technology recycling on the future supply-demand balance; (3) identification of critical metals that require priority measures. Results indicated that the introduction of solar power and next-generation vehicles may be hindered by resource depletion. Among the metals examined, indium, tellurium, silver, lithium, nickel and platinum were identified as critical metals that require specific measures. As recycling can reduce primary demand by 20%~70% for low carbon energy technology, countermeasures including recycling need to be considered.
Takuma Watari; Benjamin C. McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Tetsuo Tezuka. Analysis of Potential for Critical Metal Resource Constraints in the International Energy Agency’s Long-Term Low-Carbon Energy Scenarios. Minerals 2018, 8, 156 .
AMA StyleTakuma Watari, Benjamin C. McLellan, Seiichi Ogata, Tetsuo Tezuka. Analysis of Potential for Critical Metal Resource Constraints in the International Energy Agency’s Long-Term Low-Carbon Energy Scenarios. Minerals. 2018; 8 (4):156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTakuma Watari; Benjamin C. McLellan; Seiichi Ogata; Tetsuo Tezuka. 2018. "Analysis of Potential for Critical Metal Resource Constraints in the International Energy Agency’s Long-Term Low-Carbon Energy Scenarios." Minerals 8, no. 4: 156.