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Sazadul Hasan
Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

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Journal article
Published: 13 May 2021 in Processes
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This research investigated the removal of heavy metal ions (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and metalloid (As) common to stormwater runoff onto biochar-based media arranged in multiple configurations. Laboratory scale column experiments were conducted to quantify heavy metal removal efficiencies using sand, biochar, and nZVI-modified biochar (BC-nZVI) in four media configurations: a homogeneous mixture of sand and biochar (BCM); biochar layered in sand (BCL); BC-nZVI layered in sand (BCZ); and sand as a control. An inverse modeling approach was implemented to measured moisture and experimental data to determine media hydraulic parameters (θr, θs, α, n and Ks) and adsorption coefficients. The experiment was conducted using laboratory synthesized stormwater over 200 days at a rate of 5 cm/day. BCZ exhibited an excellent removal (99%) of As due to the high attachment to nZVI, via surface complexations. Biochar with abundant surface oxygen functional groups exhibited a great (99%) removal of Cd and Zn in both BCL and BCM columns. Water contents were observed 66.0, 44.3, 41.4, and 7.2% for BCL, BCM, BCZ, and sand, respectively. The attachment coefficients varied from 21.5 to 44.9, 16.1 to 19.3, 18.8 to 26.0, and 9.6 to 19.9 L/kg for BCL, BCM, BCZ, and sand, respectively. This study’s output provides useful information for stormwater management practices.

ACS Style

Sazadul Hasan; Raul Vasquez; Mengistu Geza. Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation. Processes 2021, 9, 860 .

AMA Style

Sazadul Hasan, Raul Vasquez, Mengistu Geza. Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation. Processes. 2021; 9 (5):860.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sazadul Hasan; Raul Vasquez; Mengistu Geza. 2021. "Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation." Processes 9, no. 5: 860.

Article
Published: 04 December 2020
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Transport and retention behavior of Graphene Oxide (GO) is influenced by the physical and chemical properties of porous media under subsurface environmental conditions. Fixed-bed column studies using quartz sand and biochar (BC) in different configurations were conducted as a function of ionic strength and flowrate. Colloid filtration theory (CFT) was employed to develop mathematical models based on the one-dimensional convection-dispersion equation using experimental GO breakthrough curves (BTCs) and retention profiles (RPs) obtained from the experimental data. GO transport and retention behavior was modeled using BC and BC-nZVI (BC surface modified with nanoscale zero-valent iron) as filter media to understand the effect of media properties. It was demonstrated that the model can describe measured BTCs and RPs of GO in the sand, BC, and BC-nZVI. The inverse modeling approach was implemented to determine the attachment coefficient (Ka) and maximum solid-phase retention capacity (Smax) using GO BTCs for different experimental conditions. Higher Ka in BC at 10 mM IS indicated the influence of straining which agrees with the depth-dependent retention kinetics. Furthermore, pronounced GO aggregation at higher IS supports the higher Ka values at 10 mM compared to 0.1 mM. In contrast, higher Ka values were predicted in BC-nZVI at lower ionic strength (0.1 mM) primarily due to the attachment of GO onto nZVI where nZVI in BC pores was also favorable for the straining process. This study revealed that CFT including the attachment, straining, and blocking process can effectively describe the GO transport in BC and surface-modified BC-nZVI under subsurface environmental conditions.

ACS Style

Sazadul HasaniD; Mengistu Geza. Modeling transport and retention of graphene oxide in porous media. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sazadul HasaniD, Mengistu Geza. Modeling transport and retention of graphene oxide in porous media. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sazadul HasaniD; Mengistu Geza. 2020. "Modeling transport and retention of graphene oxide in porous media." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 29 September 2020
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This study reports biochar (BC) as an effective filtration media to retain graphene oxide (GO) under the subsurface environment in fixed-bed column reactors. A comprehensive mass balance approach, coupled with column dissections, was used to examine the retention behavior of GO as a function of ionic strength (IS) and flowrate. The retention of GO in BC was 3.5-fold higher compared

ACS Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Jacob Petersen; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Transport and retention of graphene oxide in engineered media under the subsurface environment. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sazadul Hasan, Mengistu Geza, Jacob Petersen, Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Transport and retention of graphene oxide in engineered media under the subsurface environment. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Jacob Petersen; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. 2020. "Transport and retention of graphene oxide in engineered media under the subsurface environment." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Chemosphere
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This study explores the use of biochar (BC), an inexpensive filtration media, for removing graphene oxide (GO) contaminants from the aquatic subsurface environments. Mass balance approaches and column dissection tests were used to analyze the retention behavior of GO in a series of model fixed-bed columns as a function of ionic strength and flowrate. The column based on the biochar media (BC) displayed ∼3.6-fold higher retention compared to the quartz sand (control). To overcome the challenges of unfavorable electrostatic interactions between GO and BC, we used a facile functionalization strategy to modify the BC surfaces with nanoscale zero-valent iron (BC-nZVI). The BC-nZVI (5:1, w/w) retained 2.6-fold higher amounts of GO compared with bare biochar. Furthermore, the performance of BC-nZVI increased with decreasing values of IS, attributed to the attachment of GO to nZVI where nZVI was partially dissolved by the presence of higher chloride ion at high IS. A better GO retention (86%) at higher IS was observed in BC where the GO was primarily retained due to the higher aggregation via straining.

ACS Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Jacob B. Petersen; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Graphene oxide transport and retention in biochar media. Chemosphere 2020, 264, 128397 .

AMA Style

Sazadul Hasan, Mengistu Geza, Jacob B. Petersen, Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Graphene oxide transport and retention in biochar media. Chemosphere. 2020; 264 ():128397.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Jacob B. Petersen; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. 2020. "Graphene oxide transport and retention in biochar media." Chemosphere 264, no. : 128397.

Article
Published: 04 May 2020 in Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
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The use of biochar for removal of heavy metals from stormwater is limited due to large area requirements and inadequate removal of nutrients and heavy metals at higher initial concentrations. In this study, biochar-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron (BC-nZVI) was effectively utilized for removing heavy metals from synthetic stormwater. We performed batch adsorption and laboratory-scale column experiments to demonstrate the exceptional ability of BC-nZVI to remove heavy metals (Cu, Cd, and Zn) at varying higher initial concentration range (2.5 to 60 mg L−1) compared with typical urban stormwater runoff. The batch experiment results suggested that the metal removal efficiency of BC-nZVI compared with biochar was enhanced by 43% and 57% in individual metal solution and 50% and 42% in the mixed metal solution for Cd and Zn, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of BC-nZVI for individual metal ions increased by 97% and 40% for Cd2+ and Zn2+, respectively, compared with original biochar. A series of characterization studies based on scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller revealed the chemical and morphological features of BC-nZVI, which are responsible for the enhanced metal removal. A laboratory-scale column study mimicking the field scale revealed the metal removal efficiencies of BC-nZVI increased by 115% and 123% for Cd2+ and Zn2+, respectively, compared with unmodified biochar. The higher removal efficiencies and adsorption capacities demonstrate the potential use of BC-nZVI as a media for attenuating heavy metals in current stormwater management practices.

ACS Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Raul Vasquez; Govinda Chilkoor; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Synthetic Stormwater Using Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron–Modified Biochar. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2020, 231, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Sazadul Hasan, Mengistu Geza, Raul Vasquez, Govinda Chilkoor, Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Synthetic Stormwater Using Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron–Modified Biochar. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2020; 231 (5):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sazadul Hasan; Mengistu Geza; Raul Vasquez; Govinda Chilkoor; Venkataramana Gadhamshetty. 2020. "Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Synthetic Stormwater Using Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron–Modified Biochar." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 231, no. 5: 1-15.