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This investigation aimed to compare the effects of suspension training versus traditional resistance exercise using a combination of bands and bodyweight on body composition, bioimpedance vector patterns, and handgrip strength in older men. Thirty-six older men (age 67.4 ± 5.1 years, BMI 27.1 ± 3.3 kg/m2) were randomly allocated into suspension training (n = 12), traditional training (n = 13), or non-exercise (n = 11) groups over a 12-week study period. Body composition was assessed using conventional bioelectrical impedance analysis and classic and specific bioelectric impedance vector analysis, and handgrip strength was measured with a dynamometer. Results showed a significant (p< 0.05) group by time interaction for fat mass, fat-free mass, total body water, skeletal muscle index, classic and specific bioelectrical resistance, classic bioelectrical reactance, phase angle, and dominant handgrip strength. Classic and specific vector displacements from baseline to post 12 weeks for the three groups were observed. Handgrip strength increased in the suspension training group (p< 0.01, ES: 1.50), remained stable in the traditional training group, and decreased in the control group (p< 0.01, ES: −0.86). Although bodyweight and elastic band training helps to prevent a decline in muscle mass and handgrip strength, suspension training proved more effective in counteracting the effects of aging in older men under the specific conditions studied.
Francesco Campa; Brad Schoenfeld; Elisabetta Marini; Silvia Stagi; Mario Mauro; Stefania Toselli. Effects of a 12-Week Suspension versus Traditional Resistance Training Program on Body Composition, Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, and Handgrip Strength in Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2267 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Campa, Brad Schoenfeld, Elisabetta Marini, Silvia Stagi, Mario Mauro, Stefania Toselli. Effects of a 12-Week Suspension versus Traditional Resistance Training Program on Body Composition, Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, and Handgrip Strength in Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (7):2267.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Campa; Brad Schoenfeld; Elisabetta Marini; Silvia Stagi; Mario Mauro; Stefania Toselli. 2021. "Effects of a 12-Week Suspension versus Traditional Resistance Training Program on Body Composition, Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, and Handgrip Strength in Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 13, no. 7: 2267.
This study aimed to analyze body composition and strength symmetry in a sample of 165 middle-aged and elderly Italian volunteers, which included 97 active (67 men and 30 women; 61.17 ± 7.56 years) individuals regularly engaged in Tai Chi Chuan, tennis, or running, and a control group of 59 age-matched sedentary (27 men and 32 women) individuals. Anthropometric and bioelectrical measurements and hand grip strength of both sides were collected. Segmental body composition was analyzed through specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis. The body composition of the right and left limbs was similar among active individuals (arms: T2 = 6.3, n.s.; legs: T2 = 5.0, n.s.), with a similar pattern in the three different disciplines. By contrast, the control group showed bilateral asymmetry (arms: T2 = 6.8, p< 0.001; legs: T2 = 8.8, p< 0.001), mainly because of the higher values of specific reactance (t = 2.4; p = 0.018) and phase angle (t = 2.0; p = 0.054) in the dominant arm, and the higher specific vector length (t = −3.0; p = 0.027) in the left leg. All of the groups showed a higher hand grip strength in the dominant arm (active: t = 7.0, p< 0.001; control: t = 2.9; p< 0.01). In conclusion, the active individuals showed stronger body composition symmetry than the controls, thus indicating a previously undetected positive effect of sport in middle-aged and older adults.
Silvia Stagi; Alessia Moroni; Margherita Micheletti Cremasco; Elisabetta Marini. Body Composition Symmetry in Long-Term Active Middle-Aged and Older Individuals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5956 .
AMA StyleSilvia Stagi, Alessia Moroni, Margherita Micheletti Cremasco, Elisabetta Marini. Body Composition Symmetry in Long-Term Active Middle-Aged and Older Individuals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (11):5956.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Stagi; Alessia Moroni; Margherita Micheletti Cremasco; Elisabetta Marini. 2021. "Body Composition Symmetry in Long-Term Active Middle-Aged and Older Individuals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5956.
Summary Aims The aim of this study was to analyse the association between specific bioelectric impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess segmental body composition using DXA as the reference technique. Methods The sample comprised 50 young active students who practised or played different sports (25 men, age: 24.37 ± 4.79 y; 25 women, age: 24.32 ± 4.43 y) from the National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC). Anthropometric data (height, weight, arm, waist, and calf circumferences) and bioelectrical measurements (R, ohm; Xc, ohm) were recorded. Body composition was analysed with specific BIVA. DXA was used as the reference method to assess body composition of the whole-body, the trunk, and the limbs. The percentage of fat mass (%FMDXA) and fat-free mass index (FFMIDXA = FFM/length2) were calculated. The agreement between specific BIVA and DXA was evaluated by a depth–depth analysis, two-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlations. Results The depth–depth analysis showed a good agreement between DXA and BIVA (F = 14.89, p < 0.001) in both sexes and all body segments. Specific vector length (Zsp; i.e. indicative of %FM) was correlated with %FMDXA in the whole body and all body segments, and the phase angle was correlated with FFMIDXA, with he trunk in women as the only exception. Specific BIVA demonstrated to balance the effect of body size on bioelectrical measurements in both whole and segmental approaches. Conclusions Segmental specific BIVA and DXA provided a consistent evaluation of body composition in both sexes, of the whole body and each body segment. The indices %FM and FFMI obtained with DXA were correlated to vector length and phase angle in each segment, respectively. Specific BIVA represents a promising technique for monitoring segmental body composition changes in sport science and clinical applications.
Silvia Stagi; Alfredo Irurtia; Joaquim Rosales Rafel; Stefano Cabras; Roberto Buffa; Marta Carrasco-Marginet; Jorge Castizo-Olier; Elisabetta Marini. Segmental body composition estimated by specific BIVA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical Nutrition 2021, 40, 1621 -1627.
AMA StyleSilvia Stagi, Alfredo Irurtia, Joaquim Rosales Rafel, Stefano Cabras, Roberto Buffa, Marta Carrasco-Marginet, Jorge Castizo-Olier, Elisabetta Marini. Segmental body composition estimated by specific BIVA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical Nutrition. 2021; 40 (4):1621-1627.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Stagi; Alfredo Irurtia; Joaquim Rosales Rafel; Stefano Cabras; Roberto Buffa; Marta Carrasco-Marginet; Jorge Castizo-Olier; Elisabetta Marini. 2021. "Segmental body composition estimated by specific BIVA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry." Clinical Nutrition 40, no. 4: 1621-1627.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-perceived body image and body composition in the sexes and in different age classes. The sample consisted of 632 young adults (238 men and 394 women; 22.8 ± 2.3 y of age), and 162 middle-aged and elderly adults (96 men and 66 women; 61.4 ± 7.6 y of age). The Williamson's figure scale was used to evaluate current body size. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist, arm and calf circumferences) were taken, and body mass index was calculated. Specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis was applied to evaluate body composition. The findings suggest that in both age classes, current body size was positively correlated with weight, body mass index, and vector length, indicative of the percentage of fat mass, but not with phase angle, indicative of the intracellular/extracellular water ratio and a proxy of muscle mass. The association was similar between men and women, but clearer in women. Confidence ellipses confirmed the strong association between the silhouettes and adiposity. The Williamson's figure scale silhouettes appear to be a suitable technique to screen for adiposity in epidemiologic studies and for routine applications.
Silvia Stagi; María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona; Aline Jelenkovic; Elisabetta Marini; Esther Rebato. Association between self-perceived body image and body composition between the sexes and different age classes. Nutrition 2020, 82, 111030 .
AMA StyleSilvia Stagi, María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona, Aline Jelenkovic, Elisabetta Marini, Esther Rebato. Association between self-perceived body image and body composition between the sexes and different age classes. Nutrition. 2020; 82 ():111030.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Stagi; María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona; Aline Jelenkovic; Elisabetta Marini; Esther Rebato. 2020. "Association between self-perceived body image and body composition between the sexes and different age classes." Nutrition 82, no. : 111030.
The aim of the study was to analyze sex and age-related body composition variations among older adults from the Brazilian, Italian, and Mexican population. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1103 community-dwelling older adults (634 women and 469 men), aged 60 to 89 years, living in Brazil (n = 176), Italy (n = 554), and Mexico (n = 373). Anthropometric measurements were taken, BMI was calculated, and impedance measurements were obtained (resistance, R, reactance, Xc). Specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (specific BIVA) was applied, with the specific vector defined by impedance, or vector length (Z = (Rsp2 + Xcsp)0.5), and phase angle (PA = arctan Xc/R 180/π). Population, sex, and age differences in anthropometric and bioelectrical variables were evaluated by means of a two way ANOVA. The mean bioelectrical vectors were graphed by confidence ellipses and statistically compared by the Hotelling’s T2 test. The three population groups showed differences in body mass and composition (p < 0.001): the Brazilian sample was characterized by greater body dimensions, longer vectors (higher relative content of fat mass), and lower phase angles (lower skeletal muscle mass). Men were taller and heavier than women (p < 0.001) but had a similar BMI (p = 0.102). They also had higher phase angle (higher skeletal muscle mass) (p < 0.001) and lower vector length (lower %FM) (p < 0.001). In the three population groups, the oldest individuals showed lower anthropometric and phase angle values with respect to the youngest ones (p < 0.001), whereas the vector length did not change significantly with age (p = 0.665). Despite the differences between sexes and among populations, the trend of age-related variations was similar in the Brazilian, Italian, and Mexican older adults.
Elisabetta Marini; Roberto Buffa; Luis Gobbo; Guillermo Salinas-Escudero; Silvia Stagi; Carmen García-Peña; Sergio Sánchez-García; María Carrillo-Vega. Interpopulation Similarity of Sex and Age-Related Body Composition Variations Among Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 6047 .
AMA StyleElisabetta Marini, Roberto Buffa, Luis Gobbo, Guillermo Salinas-Escudero, Silvia Stagi, Carmen García-Peña, Sergio Sánchez-García, María Carrillo-Vega. Interpopulation Similarity of Sex and Age-Related Body Composition Variations Among Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (17):6047.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisabetta Marini; Roberto Buffa; Luis Gobbo; Guillermo Salinas-Escudero; Silvia Stagi; Carmen García-Peña; Sergio Sánchez-García; María Carrillo-Vega. 2020. "Interpopulation Similarity of Sex and Age-Related Body Composition Variations Among Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6047.
The aim of the study was to analyze total and regional body composition in Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) middle-aged and elderly practitioners. A cross-sectional study on 139 Italian subjects was realized: 34 TCC practitioners (14 men, 20 women; 62.8 ± 7.4 years) and 105 sedentary volunteers (49 men, 56 women; 62.8 ± 6.4 years). Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, arm, waist, and calf circumferences), hand-grip strength, and physical capacity values were collected. Total and regional (arm, leg, and trunk) body composition was analyzed by means of specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (specific BIVA). TCC practitioners of both sexes were characterized by a normal nutritional status, normal levels of physical capacity, and normal values of hand-grip strength. Compared to controls, they showed lower percentages of fat mass (lower specific resistance) in the total body, the arm, and the trunk, and higher muscle mass (higher phase angle) in the trunk, but lower muscle mass in the arm. Sexual dimorphism was characterized by higher muscle mass (total body, arm, and trunk) and lower %FM (arm) in men; sex differences were less accentuated among TCC practitioners than in the control. TCC middle-aged and elderly practitioners appear to be less affected by the process of physiological aging and the associated fat mass changes, compared to sedentary people.
Silvia Stagi; Azzurra Doneddu; Gabriele Mulliri; Giovanna Ghiani; Valeria Succa; Antonio Crisafulli; Elisabetta Marini. Lower Percentage of Fat Mass among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1232 .
AMA StyleSilvia Stagi, Azzurra Doneddu, Gabriele Mulliri, Giovanna Ghiani, Valeria Succa, Antonio Crisafulli, Elisabetta Marini. Lower Percentage of Fat Mass among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Stagi; Azzurra Doneddu; Gabriele Mulliri; Giovanna Ghiani; Valeria Succa; Antonio Crisafulli; Elisabetta Marini. 2020. "Lower Percentage of Fat Mass among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1232.
To analyze the association of classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle with reference techniques for the assessment of body composition in athletes. 202 athletes of both sexes (men: 21.5 ± 5.0; women: 20.7 ± 5.1) engaged in different sports were evaluated during the in-season period. Bioelectrical resistance (R, ohm) and reactance (Xc, ohm) were obtained with a phase-sensitive 50 kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis device. The classic and specific BIVA procedures, which respectively correct bioelectrical values for body height (R/H and Xc/H, ohm/m) and body geometry (Rsp and Xcsp, ohm cm), were applied. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used as the reference method to assess fat-mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and %FM. Deuterium dilution and bromide dilution where used as the criterion method for total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW), respectively. Intracellular water (ICW) was calculated as TBW minus ECW. Specific bioelectrical values (Rsp, Xcsp, Zsp) were positively correlated with FM and %FM (%FM; Zsp men: r=0.569, p<0.001; Zsp women: r=0.773, p<0.001). Classic values (R/H, Xc/H, Z/H) were negatively correlated with FM and FFM, but were correlated with %FM only in men (Z/H men r=-0.214, p=0.013; Z/H women r=0.218, p=0.097). As to body fluid, classic BIVA showed strong associations (Z/H men: r=-0.880, p<0.001; Z/H women: r=-0.829, p<0.001) with TBW, whereas Zsp was not correlated. Phase angle was negatively correlated with ECW/ICW ratio in both sexes (men: r=-0.493, p<0.001; women: r=-0.408, p<0.001) and positively with ICW (men: r=0.327, p<0.001; women: r=0.243, p=0.080). Specific BIVA turns out to be more accurate for the analysis of %FM in athletes, while it does not correctly evaluate TBW, for which classic BIVA appears to be a suitable approach. Phase angles, and hence both BIVA approaches, can detect ECW/ICW changes.
Elisabetta Marini; Francesco Campa; Roberto Buffa; Silvia Stagi; Catarina N. Matias; Stefania Toselli; Luis Sardinha; Analiza Silva. Phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in the evaluation of body composition in athletes. Clinical Nutrition 2019, 39, 447 -454.
AMA StyleElisabetta Marini, Francesco Campa, Roberto Buffa, Silvia Stagi, Catarina N. Matias, Stefania Toselli, Luis Sardinha, Analiza Silva. Phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in the evaluation of body composition in athletes. Clinical Nutrition. 2019; 39 (2):447-454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisabetta Marini; Francesco Campa; Roberto Buffa; Silvia Stagi; Catarina N. Matias; Stefania Toselli; Luis Sardinha; Analiza Silva. 2019. "Phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in the evaluation of body composition in athletes." Clinical Nutrition 39, no. 2: 447-454.