This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Given the growing spread of glass as a construction material, the knowledge of structural response must be ensured, especially under dynamic accidental loads. In this regard, an increasingly popular method to probabilistically characterize the seismic response of a given structure is based on the use of “fragility” or “seismic vulnerability” curves. Most existing applications, however, typically refer to construction and structural members composed of traditional building materials. The present study extends and adapts such a calculation method to innovative structural glass systems, which are characterized by specific material properties and expected damage mechanisms, restraint details, and dynamic features. Suitable Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs) for seismic design are thus required. In this paper, a major advantage is represented by the use of Cloud Analysis in the Cornell’s reliability method, for the seismic assessment of two different case-study glass systems. Cloud Analysis is known to represent a simple and immediate tool to analytically investigate a given (glass) structure by taking into account variations in seismic motions and uncertainties of structural parameters. Such a method is exploited by means of detailed three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) numerical models and non-linear dynamic analyses (ABAQUS/Standard). Critical issues and typical failure mechanisms for in-plane seismically loaded glass systems are discussed. The validity of reference EDPs are addressed for the examined solutions. Based on a broad seismic investigation (60 records in total), fragility curves are developed from parametric results, so as to support a multi-hazard performance-based design (PBD) procedure.
Silvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis. Symmetry 2021, 13, 1541 .
AMA StyleSilvana Mattei, Chiara Bedon. Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis. Symmetry. 2021; 13 (8):1541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis." Symmetry 13, no. 8: 1541.
Current standards for seismic-resistant buildings provide recommendations for various structural systems, but no specific provisions are given for structural glass. As such, the seismic design of joints and members could result in improper sizing and non-efficient solutions, or even non-efficient calculation procedures. An open issue is represented by the lack of reliable and generalized performance limit indicators (or “engineering demand parameters”, EDPs) for glass structures, which represent the basic input for seismic analyses or q-factor estimates. In this paper, special care is given to the q-factor assessment for glass frames under in-plane seismic loads. Major advantage is taken from efficient finite element (FE) numerical simulations to support the local/global analysis of mechanical behaviors. From extensive non-linear dynamic parametric calculations, numerical outcomes are discussed based on three different approaches that are deeply consolidated for ordinary structural systems. Among others, the cloud analysis is characterized by high computational efficiency, but requires the definition of specific EDPs, as well as the choice of reliable input seismic signals. In this regard, a comparative parametric study is carried out with the support of the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) approach for the herein called “dynamic” (M1) and “mixed” (M2) procedures, towards the linear regression of cloud analysis data (M3). Potential and limits of selected calculation methods are hence discussed, with a focus on sample size, computational cost, estimated mechanical phenomena, and predicted q-factor estimates for a case study glass frame.
Silvana Mattei; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9291 .
AMA StyleSilvana Mattei, Marco Fasan, Chiara Bedon. On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvana Mattei; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9291.
For engineering applications, human comfort in the built environment depends on several objective aspects that can be mathematically controlled and limited to reference performance indicators. Typical examples include structural, energy and thermal issues, and others. Human reactions, however, are also sensitive to a multitude of aspects that can be associated with design concepts of the so-called “emotional architecture”, through which subjective feelings, nervous states and emotions of end-users are evoked by constructional details. The interactions of several objective and subjective parameters can make the “optimal” building design challenging, and this is especially the case for new technical concepts, constructional materials and techniques. In this paper, a remote experimental methodology is proposed to explore and quantify the prevailing human reactions and psychological comfort trends for building occupants, with a focus on end-users exposed to structural glass environments. Major advantages were taken from the use of virtual visual stimuli and facial expression automatic recognition analysis, and from the active support of 30 volunteers. As shown, while glass is often used in constructions, several intrinsic features (transparency, brittleness, etc.) are responsible for subjective feelings that can affect the overall psychological comfort of users. In this regard, the use of virtual built environments and facial expression analysis to quantify human reactions can represent an efficient system to support the building design process.
Chiara Bedon; Silvana Mattei. Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings. Buildings 2021, 11, 204 .
AMA StyleChiara Bedon, Silvana Mattei. Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings. Buildings. 2021; 11 (5):204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Bedon; Silvana Mattei. 2021. "Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 5: 204.
Structural glass beams and fins are largely used in buildings, in the form of primary load-bearing members and bracing systems for roof or facade panels. Several loading and boundary conditions can be efficiently solved by means of bonded composites that involve the use of laminated glass sections. Additionally, the so-obtained glass members are often characterized by high slenderness. To this aim, several literature studies were dedicated to the lateral–torsional buckling (LTB) behavior of laterally unrestrained (LU) glass elements, with the support of full-scale experiments, analytical models, or finite element (FE) numerical investigations. Standardized design recommendations for LU glass members in LTB are available for designers. However, several design issues still require “ad hoc” (and often expensive) calculation studies. In most of the cases, for example, the mechanical interaction between the structural components to verify involves various typologies of joints, including continuous sealant connections, mechanical point fixings, or hybrid solutions. As a result, an accurate estimation of the theoretical LTB critical moment for such a kind of laterally restrained (LR) element represents a first key issue toward the definition and calibration of generalized design recommendations. Careful consideration should be spent for the description of the intrinsic features of materials in use, as well as for a combination of geometrical and mechanical aspects (i.e., geometry, number, position of restraints, etc.). In this paper, the attention is focused on the calculation of the elastic critical buckling moment of LR glass beams in LTB. Existing analytical approaches of the literature (mostly developed for steel constructional members) are briefly recalled. An additional advantage for extended parametric calculations is then taken from finite element (FE) numerical analyses, which are performed via the LTBeam or the ABAQUS software codes. The actual role and the effect of discrete mechanical restraints are, thus, explored for selected configurations of practical interest. Finally, the reliability of simplified calculation approaches is assessed.
Dario Santo; Silvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. Elastic Critical Moment for the Lateral–Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Structural Glass Beams with Discrete Mechanical Lateral Restraints. Materials 2020, 13, 2492 .
AMA StyleDario Santo, Silvana Mattei, Chiara Bedon. Elastic Critical Moment for the Lateral–Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Structural Glass Beams with Discrete Mechanical Lateral Restraints. Materials. 2020; 13 (11):2492.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDario Santo; Silvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. 2020. "Elastic Critical Moment for the Lateral–Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Structural Glass Beams with Discrete Mechanical Lateral Restraints." Materials 13, no. 11: 2492.