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The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) is a part of the signaling process in higher plants at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, those ROS cause oxidative stress. Salinity-induced osmotic stress and ionic stress trigger the overproduction of ROS and, ultimately, result in oxidative damage to cell organelles and membrane components, and at severe levels, they cause cell and plant death. The antioxidant defense system protects the plant from salt-induced oxidative damage by detoxifying the ROS and also by maintaining the balance of ROS generation under salt stress. Different plant hormones and genes are also associated with the signaling and antioxidant defense system to protect plants when they are exposed to salt stress. Salt-induced ROS overgeneration is one of the major reasons for hampering the morpho-physiological and biochemical activities of plants which can be largely restored through enhancing the antioxidant defense system that detoxifies ROS. In this review, we discuss the salt-induced generation of ROS, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense of plants under salinity.
Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Rakib Hossain Raihan; Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud; Khussboo Rahman; Farzana Nowroz; Mira Rahman; Kamrun Nahar; Masayuki Fujita. Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Salinity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 9326 .
AMA StyleMirza Hasanuzzaman, Rakib Hossain Raihan, Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud, Khussboo Rahman, Farzana Nowroz, Mira Rahman, Kamrun Nahar, Masayuki Fujita. Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Salinity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (17):9326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirza Hasanuzzaman; Rakib Hossain Raihan; Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud; Khussboo Rahman; Farzana Nowroz; Mira Rahman; Kamrun Nahar; Masayuki Fujita. 2021. "Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Salinity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17: 9326.
Jute (Corchorus spp.) belongs to the Malvaceae family, and there are two species of jute, C. capsularis and C. olitorious. It is the second-largest natural bast fiber in the world according to production, which has diverse uses not only as a fiber but also as multiple industrial materials. Because of climate change, plants experience various stressors such as salt, drought, heat, cold, metal/metalloid toxicity, and flooding. Although jute is particularly adapted to grow in hot and humid climates, it is grown under a wide variety of climatic conditions and is relatively tolerant to some environmental adversities. However, abiotic stress often restricts its growth, yield, and quality significantly. Abiotic stress negatively affects the metabolic activities, growth, physiology, and fiber yield of jute. One of the major consequences of abiotic stress on the jute plant is the generation of reactive oxygen species, which lead to oxidative stress that damages its cellular organelles and biomolecules. However, jute’s responses to abiotic stress mainly depend on the plant’s age and type and duration of stress. Therefore, understanding the abiotic stress responses and the tolerance mechanism would help plant biologists and agronomists in developing climate-smart jute varieties and suitable cultivation packages for adverse environmental conditions. In this review, we summarized the best possible recent literature on the plant abiotic stress factors and their influence on jute plants. We described the possible approaches for stress tolerance mechanisms based on the available literature.
Khussboo Rahman; Naznin Ahmed; Rakib Hossain Raihan; Farzana Nowroz; Faria Jannat; Mira Rahman; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Jute Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Approaches. Plants 2021, 10, 1595 .
AMA StyleKhussboo Rahman, Naznin Ahmed, Rakib Hossain Raihan, Farzana Nowroz, Faria Jannat, Mira Rahman, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Jute Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Approaches. Plants. 2021; 10 (8):1595.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhussboo Rahman; Naznin Ahmed; Rakib Hossain Raihan; Farzana Nowroz; Faria Jannat; Mira Rahman; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "Jute Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Approaches." Plants 10, no. 8: 1595.
Streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg, i.p.-induced diabetes in rat’s results into hyperglycemia, impaired oxidative stress, lipid profile, insulin levels and changes in body weight. Treatment with antihyperglycemics and antioxidants are accounted to produce favorable effect in this paradigm. Fustin, a flavonoid derived from Rhus verniciflua, extract of Rhus verniciflua reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-arthritic effects, anti-obesity effects, antiplatelet effects and anti-cancer effects. However, no evidence is existing on effect of fustin on STZ-induction diabetes. Thus, we evaluated its effects against diabetes in STZ-induced rodents. Blood glucose, Insulin, lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and lipid profile levels was assessed. After 30 days diabetes induction rodents showed a severe increased blood sugar level, MDA, high density lipid and decreased cholestrol, triglyceride, GSH, SOD, CAT, respectively. Oppositely, treatment with fustin (50–100 mg/kg/p.o., two times daily, 30 days) enhanced blood glucose, lipid profile levels Insulin. Meanwhile, reduced MDA and enhanced GSH, SOD, and CAT in diabetic rats. Glibenclamide 5mg/kg/p.o. also enhanced diabetes-induced complications and decreased oxidative stress. Further histopathology of pancreas confirms the protective effect fustin in STZ-induction diabetes in animals. In conclusion, the study revealed treatments with fustin avoid the changes in body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile and oxidative stress. As a results of these finding may lead to the growth of a choice of medicine for hyperglycemic in the future.
Sadaf Jamal Gilani; May Nasser Bin-Jumah; Fahad A. Al-Abbasi; Muhammad Shahid Nadeem; Muhammad Afzal; Nadeem Sayyed; Imran Kazmi. Fustin ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes via modulating glutathione/Superoxide dismutase/Catalase expressions, suppress lipid peroxidation and regulates histopathological changes. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleSadaf Jamal Gilani, May Nasser Bin-Jumah, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Muhammad Afzal, Nadeem Sayyed, Imran Kazmi. Fustin ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes via modulating glutathione/Superoxide dismutase/Catalase expressions, suppress lipid peroxidation and regulates histopathological changes. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Jamal Gilani; May Nasser Bin-Jumah; Fahad A. Al-Abbasi; Muhammad Shahid Nadeem; Muhammad Afzal; Nadeem Sayyed; Imran Kazmi. 2021. "Fustin ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes via modulating glutathione/Superoxide dismutase/Catalase expressions, suppress lipid peroxidation and regulates histopathological changes." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences , no. : 1.
The infectiousness of COVID-19 is high among the susceptible population, making the calculation of the reproduction number (R) an essential step to implement preventive measures. We aim to estimate COVID-19 transmission to determine if the disease is successfully controlled or extra measured should be adopted to attain this goal. The daily incidence data of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia from March 2nd, 2020, to April 4th, 2021, were obtained from the continuously updated Saudi Ministry of Health COVID-19 repository. To get accurate estimation of the situation over the last 4 months (from December 1st, 2020, to April 4th, 2021), we calculated the weekly (every 7 days) R starting from March 2nd, 2020, and till the last week of the available data. The calculated values of R were represented as median, first quantile (Q1), and third quantile (Q3). As early as the first week of December 2020, the median R was 0.81 (0.80–0.83) which means that each existing infected case would transmit infection to only one person. This was followed by fluctuations over the next few weeks around R value of 1, reaching its highest level of 1.45 (1.42–1.47) between December 31st, 2020, and January 6th, 2021. This was followed by a relatively steady decline over the following weeks, with some till mid-March where the R values started to slightly rise again. Social distancing, protective precautions, avoiding abuse of the partial lifting, expanding the screening process, and other Saudi measures sound to be successful and should be replicated in similar communities. This measure should be continued till the vaccination process is completed, to reduce the number of contacts and to avoid uncontrolled transmission of the disease.
Theeb Ayedh Alkahtani; Abdullah Alakeel; Reem Abdullah Alakeel; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Hisham Hamoud Alshammari; Abdullah M. Alguwaihes; Mohammad Almohideb; Eman Merghani Ali; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Anwar Ali Jammah. The current reproduction number of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: is the disease controlled? Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -6.
AMA StyleTheeb Ayedh Alkahtani, Abdullah Alakeel, Reem Abdullah Alakeel, Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid, Hisham Hamoud Alshammari, Abdullah M. Alguwaihes, Mohammad Almohideb, Eman Merghani Ali, May Bin-Jumah, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Anwar Ali Jammah. The current reproduction number of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: is the disease controlled? Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTheeb Ayedh Alkahtani; Abdullah Alakeel; Reem Abdullah Alakeel; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Hisham Hamoud Alshammari; Abdullah M. Alguwaihes; Mohammad Almohideb; Eman Merghani Ali; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Anwar Ali Jammah. 2021. "The current reproduction number of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: is the disease controlled?" Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-6.
Heba Elbasiouny; Fathy Elbehiry; Hassan El-Ramady; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Contradictory Results of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Affected by Biochar Application: Special Focus on Alkaline Soils. International Journal of Environmental Research 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleHeba Elbasiouny, Fathy Elbehiry, Hassan El-Ramady, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Contradictory Results of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Affected by Biochar Application: Special Focus on Alkaline Soils. International Journal of Environmental Research. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeba Elbasiouny; Fathy Elbehiry; Hassan El-Ramady; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "Contradictory Results of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Affected by Biochar Application: Special Focus on Alkaline Soils." International Journal of Environmental Research , no. : 1.
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper
Sadaf Gilani; May Bin-Jumah; Syed Imam; Sultan Alshehri; Mohammed Jahangir; Ameeduzzafar Zafar. Addendum: Gilani et al. Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis. Coatings 2021, 11, 548. Coatings 2021, 11, 781 .
AMA StyleSadaf Gilani, May Bin-Jumah, Syed Imam, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed Jahangir, Ameeduzzafar Zafar. Addendum: Gilani et al. Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis. Coatings 2021, 11, 548. Coatings. 2021; 11 (7):781.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Gilani; May Bin-Jumah; Syed Imam; Sultan Alshehri; Mohammed Jahangir; Ameeduzzafar Zafar. 2021. "Addendum: Gilani et al. Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis. Coatings 2021, 11, 548." Coatings 11, no. 7: 781.
We conducted the current analysis to determine the potential role of measles vaccination in the context of the spread of COVID-19. Data were extracted from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Health Observatory data repository about the measles immunization coverage estimates and correlated to overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19 among different countries. Data were statistically analyzed to calculate the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rho). There was a significant positive correlation between the vaccine coverage (%) and new cases per one million populations (rho = 0.24; p-value = 0.025); however, this correlation was absent in deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.17; p-value = 0.124). On further analysis of the effect of first reported year of vaccination policy, there was no significant correlation with both of total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.11; p-value = 0.327) and deaths per one million populations (rho = −0.02; p-value = 0.829). Claims regarding the possible protective effect of measles vaccination seem to be doubtful.
Raed Ibrahim Altulayhi; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Reem Abdullah Alakeel; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Rehab Hamoud Alshammari; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Fahad Abdullah M. Alshammari; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. Correlation between measles immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleRaed Ibrahim Altulayhi, Rakan M. Alqahtani, Reem Abdullah Alakeel, Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid, Rehab Hamoud Alshammari, Sana Ghazi Alattas, Fahad Abdullah M. Alshammari, May Bin-Jumah, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Mohammad Almohideb. Correlation between measles immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaed Ibrahim Altulayhi; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Reem Abdullah Alakeel; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Rehab Hamoud Alshammari; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Fahad Abdullah M. Alshammari; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. 2021. "Correlation between measles immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study." Environmental Science and Pollution Research International , no. : 1-8.
Arsenite [As(III)] toxicity causes impeded growth, inadequate productivity of plants and toxicity through the food chain. Using various chemical residues for priming is one of the approaches in conferring arsenic tolerance in crops. We investigated the mechanism of abscisic acid (ABA)-induced As(III) tolerance in rice genotypes (cv. Swarna and Swarna Sub1) pretreated with 10 μM of ABA for 24 h and transferred into 0, 25 and 50 μM arsenic for 10 days. Plants showed a dose-dependent bioaccumulation of As(III), oxidative stress indicators like superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the activity of lipoxygenase. As(III) had disrupted cellular redox that reflecting growth indices like net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, specific leaf weight, leaf mass ratio, relative water content, proline, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and electrolyte leakage. ABA priming was more protective in cv. Swarna Sub1 than Swarna for retrieval of total glutathione pool, non-protein thiols, cysteine, phytochelatin and glutathione reductase. Phosphate metabolisms were significantly curtailed irrespective of genotypes where ABA had moderated phosphate uptake and its metabolizing enzymes like acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and H+/ATPase. Rice seedlings had regulated antioxidative potential with the varied polymorphic expression of those enzymes markedly with antioxidative enzymes. The results have given the possible cellular and physiological traits those may interact with ABA priming in the establishment of plant tolerance with As(III) over accumulation and, thereby, its amelioration for oxidative damages. Finally, cv. Swarna Sub1 was identified as a rice genotype as a candidate for breeding program for sustainability against As(III) stress with cellular and physiological traits serving better for selection pressure.
Indraneel Saha; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Malay Kumar Adak. Abscisic acid priming regulates arsenite toxicity in two contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes through differential functioning of sub1A quantitative trait loci. Environmental Pollution 2021, 287, 117586 .
AMA StyleIndraneel Saha, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Malay Kumar Adak. Abscisic acid priming regulates arsenite toxicity in two contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes through differential functioning of sub1A quantitative trait loci. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 287 ():117586.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIndraneel Saha; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Malay Kumar Adak. 2021. "Abscisic acid priming regulates arsenite toxicity in two contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes through differential functioning of sub1A quantitative trait loci." Environmental Pollution 287, no. : 117586.
Marwa Adel Afify; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Talal Nabeel Alrawaf; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. Correction to: Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -2.
AMA StyleMarwa Adel Afify, Rakan M. Alqahtani, Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil, Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid, Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy, Sana Ghazi Alattas, Talal Nabeel Alrawaf, May Bin-Jumah, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Mohammad Almohideb. Correction to: Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarwa Adel Afify; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Talal Nabeel Alrawaf; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. 2021. "Correction to: Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-2.
Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh; Ali Mirhosseini; Nudrat Aisha Akram; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Forage potential of Salsola species in arid-saline rangeland. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021, 45, 203 -215.
AMA StyleHadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Ali Mirhosseini, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Forage potential of Salsola species in arid-saline rangeland. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY. 2021; 45 (3):203-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHadi Pirasteh-Anosheh; Ali Mirhosseini; Nudrat Aisha Akram; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "Forage potential of Salsola species in arid-saline rangeland." TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY 45, no. 3: 203-215.
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different plant growth promoters (PGPs) such as ascorbic acid (500 μM), thiourea (250 μM) and moringa leaf extract (3%) to mitigate salinity stress (120 mM NaCl) in four different milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.] ecotypes from Faisalabad (FSD), Gujranwala (GUJ), Kallar Kahar (KK), and Quetta (QTA) under field conditions for two years (2017–2018). In the present study, oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and activities of different antioxidant enzymes and levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly differed among ecotypes, salinity, and PGPs. Supplementation with ascorbic acid and moringa leaf extract improved antioxidant defense machinery during the acclimation process against salinity, and milk thistle ecotypes represent their background of ecological zones and inherent tendency to face and confronting stress with improving antioxidant levels to a significant extent in varying ways. Ecotypic variations showed that QTA ecotype Followed by FSD, GUJ, and KK had more antioxidant capacity, with minimum reactive oxygen species production. Interestingly, the correlation data revealed that MDA and H2O2 had a positive correlation with each other and showed a negative correlation with all the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.
Noreen Zahra; Abdul Wahid; Kanval Shaukat; Muhammad Bilal Hafeez; Aaliya Batool; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Oxidative stress tolerance potential of milk thistle ecotypes after supplementation of different plant growth-promoting agents under salinity. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2021, 166, 53 -65.
AMA StyleNoreen Zahra, Abdul Wahid, Kanval Shaukat, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, Aaliya Batool, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Oxidative stress tolerance potential of milk thistle ecotypes after supplementation of different plant growth-promoting agents under salinity. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021; 166 ():53-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoreen Zahra; Abdul Wahid; Kanval Shaukat; Muhammad Bilal Hafeez; Aaliya Batool; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "Oxidative stress tolerance potential of milk thistle ecotypes after supplementation of different plant growth-promoting agents under salinity." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 166, no. : 53-65.
We investigated the impact of Bacillus thuringiensis as seed treatment and application with silicon on lettuce plants exposed to salinity levels (4 dS m−1 and 8 dS m−1). Results revealed that leaves number, head weight, total yield, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll a and b declined considerably due to two salinity levels. Oxidative stress markers, i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2−), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) dramatically augmented in stressed plants. On the other hand, leaves number, total yield, RWC, and chlorophyll a, b in stressed lettuce plants were considerably enhanced because of the application of Si or B. thuringiensis. In contrast, EL%, MDA, and H2O2 were considerably reduced in treated lettuce plants with Si and B. thuringiensis. In addition, the treatment with Si and B. thuringiensis increased head weight (g) and total yield (ton hectare-1), and caused up-regulation of proline and catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activity in lettuce leaves under salinity conditions.
Muneera Alkahtani; Yaser Hafez; Kotb Attia; Talal Al-Ateeq; Mohamed Ali; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Khaled Abdelaal. Bacillus thuringiensis and Silicon Modulate Antioxidant Metabolism and Improve the Physiological Traits to Confer Salt Tolerance in Lettuce. Plants 2021, 10, 1025 .
AMA StyleMuneera Alkahtani, Yaser Hafez, Kotb Attia, Talal Al-Ateeq, Mohamed Ali, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Khaled Abdelaal. Bacillus thuringiensis and Silicon Modulate Antioxidant Metabolism and Improve the Physiological Traits to Confer Salt Tolerance in Lettuce. Plants. 2021; 10 (5):1025.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuneera Alkahtani; Yaser Hafez; Kotb Attia; Talal Al-Ateeq; Mohamed Ali; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Khaled Abdelaal. 2021. "Bacillus thuringiensis and Silicon Modulate Antioxidant Metabolism and Improve the Physiological Traits to Confer Salt Tolerance in Lettuce." Plants 10, no. 5: 1025.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic synovitis that leads to tissue dysfunction as well as loss of complete function. There are several synthetic NSAIDs, glucocorticoids and biological drugs that are commonly used to treat arthritis. These drugs have severe life-threatening side effects. The use of a bioactive compound (Apigenin) could be an alternative to synthetic conventional delivery systems. It is a poorly water-soluble drug having a wide range of pharmacological activities. It has been reported for potential anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. In the present study, Apigenin (APG) solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared using the solid lipid (glyceryl mono stearate, GMS), surfactant (d -α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, TPGS) and sonication time (ST). The optimized APG SLNs showed a particle size of 161.7 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 80.44 ± 4.11%. It was further coated with 0.1% w/v chitosan (APG-CH-SLNs) and showed the particle size, PDI and zeta potential of 185.4 nm, 0.45 + 26.7 mV, respectively. The significant (p< 0.001) enhancement in drug release, permeation and mucoadhesive study was observed after chitosan coating. The antioxidant study results depicted an increase in antioxidant property. Finally, the anti-arthritic biochemical parameters revealed marked changes in the results in comparison to arthritic control animals. From the study, it was concluded that APG-loaded mucoadhesive lipid nanoparticles are an alternative to the synthetic oral delivery systems.
Sadaf Gilani; May Bin-Jumah; Syed Imam; Sultan Alshehri; Mohammed Jahangir; Ameeduzzafar Zafar. Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis. Coatings 2021, 11, 548 .
AMA StyleSadaf Gilani, May Bin-Jumah, Syed Imam, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed Jahangir, Ameeduzzafar Zafar. Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis. Coatings. 2021; 11 (5):548.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadaf Gilani; May Bin-Jumah; Syed Imam; Sultan Alshehri; Mohammed Jahangir; Ameeduzzafar Zafar. 2021. "Formulation and Optimization of Nano Lipid Based Oral Delivery Systems for Arthritis." Coatings 11, no. 5: 548.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of zerovalent iron (ZVI/Fe0) on growth, yield and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. BRRI dhan49 in arsenic (As)-contaminated soils. The pot experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design (CRD). The treatments on rice applied were As in soils at As0 (0 mg kg−1), As20 (20 mg kg−1), and As40 (40 mg kg−1) with a combination of ZVI at ZVI0 (0%), ZVI0.5 (0.5%), ZVI1.0 (1.0%), and ZVI1.5 (1.5%) with three replications. Contents of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and As in grains of rice; and Fe and As content in cultivated soils were determined. The application of ZVI had negative or no effect on shoot weight, tiller number, and grain yield. Although application of ZVI had little or no effect on thousand grain weight, P, K, Zn, and Mn of rice grains, Fe content in rice grains was increased by ZVI treatments in a dose-dependent manner. The grain As content was non-significantly reduced by the ZVI application. Soil bacterial population was negatively influenced by the ZVI in a dose-dependent manner which might be linked with As content in the soils. Therefore, a further elaborative study is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of the effects of ZVI and soil As on rice and rhizosphere soil microorganisms.
Sanjida Akter; Golum Rahman; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Zakaria Alam; Toshihiro Watanabe; Tofazzal Islam. Zerovalent Iron Modulates the Influence of Arsenic-Contaminated Soil on Growth, Yield and Grain Quality of Rice. Stresses 2021, 1, 90 -104.
AMA StyleSanjida Akter, Golum Rahman, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Zakaria Alam, Toshihiro Watanabe, Tofazzal Islam. Zerovalent Iron Modulates the Influence of Arsenic-Contaminated Soil on Growth, Yield and Grain Quality of Rice. Stresses. 2021; 1 (2):90-104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanjida Akter; Golum Rahman; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Zakaria Alam; Toshihiro Watanabe; Tofazzal Islam. 2021. "Zerovalent Iron Modulates the Influence of Arsenic-Contaminated Soil on Growth, Yield and Grain Quality of Rice." Stresses 1, no. 2: 90-104.
Facultative halophyte Kandelia obovata plants were exposed to mild (1.5% NaCl) and severe (3% NaCl) salt stress with or without sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 100 µM; a NO donor), hemoglobin (Hb, 100 µM; a NO scavenger), or Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 µM; a NO synthase inhibitor). The plants were significantly affected by severe salt stress. They showed decreases in seedling growth, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and disrupted antioxidant defense systems, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and visible oxidative damage. Salt stress also induced ion toxicity and disrupted nutrient homeostasis, as indicated by elevated leaf and root Na+ contents, decreased K+ contents, lower K+/Na+ ratios, and decreased Ca contents while increasing osmolyte (proline) levels. Treatment of salt-stressed plants with SNP increased endogenous NO levels, reduced ion toxicity, and improved nutrient homeostasis while further increasing Pro levels to maintain osmotic balance. SNP treatment also improved gas exchange parameters and enhanced antioxidant enzymes’ activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase). Treatment with Hb and l-NAME reversed these beneficial SNP effects and exacerbated salt damage, confirming that SNP promoted stress recovery and improved plant growth under salt stress.
Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Masashi Inafuku; Kamrun Nahar; Masayuki Fujita; Hirosuke Oku. Nitric Oxide Regulates Plant Growth, Physiology, Antioxidant Defense, and Ion Homeostasis to Confer Salt Tolerance in the Mangrove Species, Kandelia obovata. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 611 .
AMA StyleMirza Hasanuzzaman, Masashi Inafuku, Kamrun Nahar, Masayuki Fujita, Hirosuke Oku. Nitric Oxide Regulates Plant Growth, Physiology, Antioxidant Defense, and Ion Homeostasis to Confer Salt Tolerance in the Mangrove Species, Kandelia obovata. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (4):611.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirza Hasanuzzaman; Masashi Inafuku; Kamrun Nahar; Masayuki Fujita; Hirosuke Oku. 2021. "Nitric Oxide Regulates Plant Growth, Physiology, Antioxidant Defense, and Ion Homeostasis to Confer Salt Tolerance in the Mangrove Species, Kandelia obovata." Antioxidants 10, no. 4: 611.
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) modulates various defense systems in plants and confers abiotic stress tolerance. Enhancement of crop production is a challenge due to numerous abiotic stresses such as, salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and UV. Plants often face one or more abiotic stresses in their life cycle because of the challenging growing environment which results in reduction of growth and yield. Diverse studies have been conducted to discern suitable mitigation strategies to enhance crop production by minimizing abiotic stress. Exogenous application of different plant growth regulators is a well-renowned approach to ameliorate adverse effects of abiotic stresses on crop plants. Among the numerous plant growth regulators, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a novel plant growth regulator, also well-known to alleviate the injurious effects of abiotic stresses in plants. ALA enhances abiotic stress tolerance as well as growth and yield by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant machineries and nutrient uptake in plants. However, the regulatory roles of ALA in plants under different stresses have not been studied and assembled systematically. Also, ALA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. Therefore, this review discusses the role of ALA in crop growth enhancement as well as its ameliorative role in abiotic stress mitigation and also discusses the ALA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms and its limitation and future promises for sustainable crop production.
Mohammad Saidur Rhaman; Shahin Imran; Masudul Karim; Jotirmoy Chakrobortty; Asif Mahamud; Prosenjit Sarker; Tahjib- Ul- Arif; Arif Hasan Khan Robin; Wenxiu Ye; Yoshiyuki Murata; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated plant adaptive responses to abiotic stress. Plant Cell Reports 2021, 40, 1451 -1469.
AMA StyleMohammad Saidur Rhaman, Shahin Imran, Masudul Karim, Jotirmoy Chakrobortty, Asif Mahamud, Prosenjit Sarker, Tahjib- Ul- Arif, Arif Hasan Khan Robin, Wenxiu Ye, Yoshiyuki Murata, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated plant adaptive responses to abiotic stress. Plant Cell Reports. 2021; 40 (8):1451-1469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Saidur Rhaman; Shahin Imran; Masudul Karim; Jotirmoy Chakrobortty; Asif Mahamud; Prosenjit Sarker; Tahjib- Ul- Arif; Arif Hasan Khan Robin; Wenxiu Ye; Yoshiyuki Murata; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated plant adaptive responses to abiotic stress." Plant Cell Reports 40, no. 8: 1451-1469.
Unfavorable environmental conditions such as heat, cold, drought, metal/metalloid toxicity, and pathogens enhance production of intra-and inter-cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. ROS, acting as signaling molecules, activate signal transduction pathways in response to various stresses. Alternatively, ROS cause irreversible cellular damage due to lipid peroxidation, oxidation of protein, inactivation of enzymes, DNA damage, and interact with other vital constituents of plant cells through their strong oxidative properties, which drastically alter plant morphological structures, becoming disadvantageous for survival and productivity. Higher plants have complex defense systems to scavenge ROS. Being a central molecule of the defense system, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is ubiquitous from prokaryotes to eukaryotes cells. GABA helps mitigate ROS in plants and GABA shunt pathway plays a key role either as metabolites or endogenous signaling molecules in several regulatory mechanisms under stress conditions. The GABA transporters (GATs) being activated with the attachment of GABA under environmental stress stimuli facilitate high content of Ca2+ into the cytosol. Ca2+ combines with calmodulin (CaM) -binding domain that activates the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme for the conversion of glutamate into GABA. This synchronized process regulates GABA shunt gene expressions under stress conditions and improves defense mechanisms in plants. This review highlights the regulatory aspects of GABA shunt pathway for ROS production as well as in the defense mechanism of plants.
Mohammad Israil Ansari; Syed Uzma Jalil; Shamim Akhtar Ansari; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. GABA shunt: a key-player in mitigation of ROS during stress. Plant Growth Regulation 2021, 94, 131 -149.
AMA StyleMohammad Israil Ansari, Syed Uzma Jalil, Shamim Akhtar Ansari, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. GABA shunt: a key-player in mitigation of ROS during stress. Plant Growth Regulation. 2021; 94 (2):131-149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Israil Ansari; Syed Uzma Jalil; Shamim Akhtar Ansari; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "GABA shunt: a key-player in mitigation of ROS during stress." Plant Growth Regulation 94, no. 2: 131-149.
We investigated the combined effect of chitosan (CHT) and putrescine (PUT) on the postharvest shelf life of Capsicum fruit concerning the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through direct and indirect effects on ripening characters cell wall hydrolyzing enzyme and ROS metabolism. The PUT and CHT directly affected quality indices like color, firmness and water loss with a concomitant oxidative bust in the development of O2•− and H2O2 in fruit pulp. This was accompanied by significant suppression of respiratory flux, a decrease of total soluble solids and ascorbic acid content throughout postharvest storage. PUT applied with CHT modified the oxidative metabolism of fruits by a significant reduction in the level of O2•− and H2O2 content. In addition, a significant accumulation of total polyamine under respective treatment was reasonably correlated with both ROS producing enzyme as well as H2O2 and O2•−. Wall hydrolyzing enzymes like pectin methyl esterase and cellulase had marked downregulation both under PUT and CHT + PUT treatment. Moreover, on close observation, the combinational effects of PUT and CHT had better effects in the regulation of those enzymes as compared to individual treatment. Fruits restore higher antioxidative capacities as evident with superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidases (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), NADPH oxidase (NOX) and glutathione reductase (GR), indicating their roles on fruit coat softening. Finally, the treatment of PUT and CHT in combination increased shelf life vis-à-vis the quality of fruit.
Arijit Ghosh; Indraneel Saha; Subhas Chandra Debnath; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Malay Kumar Adak. Chitosan and putrescine modulate reactive oxygen species metabolism and physiological responses during chili fruit ripening. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2021, 163, 55 -67.
AMA StyleArijit Ghosh, Indraneel Saha, Subhas Chandra Debnath, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Malay Kumar Adak. Chitosan and putrescine modulate reactive oxygen species metabolism and physiological responses during chili fruit ripening. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021; 163 ():55-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArijit Ghosh; Indraneel Saha; Subhas Chandra Debnath; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Malay Kumar Adak. 2021. "Chitosan and putrescine modulate reactive oxygen species metabolism and physiological responses during chili fruit ripening." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 163, no. : 55-67.
We conducted the current analysis to determine the potential role of polio vaccination in the context of the spread of COVID-19. Data were extracted from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Health Observatory data repository regarding the polio immunization coverage estimates and correlated to the overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19 among different countries. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Mean and standard deviation were used to represent continuous variables while we used frequencies and percentages to represent categorical variables. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for continuous variables since they were not normally distributed. Moreover, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rho) was used to determine the relationship between different variables. There was a significantly positive correlation between the vaccine coverage (%) and both of total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.37; p-value < 0.001) and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.30; p-value < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between different income groups and each of vaccine coverage (%) (rho = 0.71; p-value < 0.001), total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.50; p-value < 0.001), and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.39; p-value < 0.001). All claims regarding the possible protective effect of Polio vaccination do not have any support when analyzing the related data. Polio vaccination efforts should be limited to eradicate the disease from endemic countries; however, there is no evidence to support the immunization with live-attenuated vaccines for the protection against COVID-19.
Marwa Adel Afify; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Talal Nabeel Alrawaf; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleMarwa Adel Afify, Rakan M. Alqahtani, Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil, Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid, Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy, Sana Ghazi Alattas, Talal Nabeel Alrawaf, May Bin-Jumah, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Mohammad Almohideb. Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarwa Adel Afify; Rakan M. Alqahtani; Mohammed Abdulrahman Mohammed Alzamil; Faten Abdulrahman Khorshid; Sumayyah Mohammad Almarshedy; Sana Ghazi Alattas; Talal Nabeel Alrawaf; May Bin-Jumah; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mohammad Almohideb. 2021. "Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-8.
Melatonin (MT) has been reported to regulate certain plant physiological processes and promote tolerance to different environmental stresses such as salinity. Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Royal Nel) seedlings were exposed to 200 mM NaCl with or without pre‐treatment with 150 μM MT. Salt stress led to a lower chlorophyll content, a reduced photosynthetic activity, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, and decreased photosystem II (PSII) activity. The application of exogenous MT to green bean seedlings under salt stress improved photosynthetic activity and alleviated the oxidative damages by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The expression of catalase (CAT1), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD1), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Peroxiredoxin Q (PrxQ), and 2‐cysteine peroxiredoxin (2‐Cys‐Prx) encoding genes was significantly increased under salt stress in green bean seedling compared with the untreated control. However, plants treated with exogenous MT and NaCl had 28.8, 21.1, 26.1, 20, 26.2, and 22.4% higher CuZnSOD, CAT1, APX, GR, PrxQ, and 2‐Cys‐Prx transcript levels, respectively, compared to NaCl stress alone. Our study revealed the protective mechanisms mediated by exogenous MT application in NaCl stress alleviation and our findings could be used in the management of green bean cultivation in salinity‐prone soils.
Abdelaleim Ismail ElSayed; Mohammed Suhail Rafudeen; Ayman M. Gomaa; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Exogenous melatonin enhances the reactive oxygen species metabolism, antioxidant defense‐related gene expression, and photosynthetic capacity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to confer salt stress tolerance. Physiologia Plantarum 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAbdelaleim Ismail ElSayed, Mohammed Suhail Rafudeen, Ayman M. Gomaa, Mirza Hasanuzzaman. Exogenous melatonin enhances the reactive oxygen species metabolism, antioxidant defense‐related gene expression, and photosynthetic capacity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to confer salt stress tolerance. Physiologia Plantarum. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdelaleim Ismail ElSayed; Mohammed Suhail Rafudeen; Ayman M. Gomaa; Mirza Hasanuzzaman. 2021. "Exogenous melatonin enhances the reactive oxygen species metabolism, antioxidant defense‐related gene expression, and photosynthetic capacity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to confer salt stress tolerance." Physiologia Plantarum , no. : 1.