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Water treatment plant generates alum sludge as waste during the process of treating drinking water for human consumption. Notwithstanding the benefits of treating water, there are still problems associated with the disposal of waste generated from the water treatment plant after the treatment process. Studies have shown that the conventional disposal method is associated with environmental hazards; and there is a need to derive more sustainable method of alum sludge disposal. This study focused on investigating the properties of concrete incorporating alum sludge as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. The alum sludge used in this study as replacement of fine aggregate was prepared in two ways; oven-dried under temperature 105 °C and 300 °C heated alum sludge (heated in the furnace). Both alum sludge (oven-dried alum sludge, 300 °C heated alum sludge) was crushed/grinded to obtain a maximum particle size of 65 µm and used to replace fine aggregate in different proportions (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%). The produced concrete was tested for fresh properties; and then cured at 7, 28, 56, 90 and 180 days to test for hardened and durability properties. The results from the study showed that oven-dried alum sludge and 300 °C treated alum sludge produce a workable mix and can be used as replacement of fine aggregate with optimum replacement content of 10%. Both alum sludge improved the density of the concrete, strength properties of the concrete and concrete durability. At 15% replacement content of fine aggregate with oven dried and 300°C heated alum sludge, yield a decrease in workability and strength properties, with poor durability properties.
A.B.M.A. Kaish; Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu; Ideris Zakaria; Manal Mohsen Abood; Lutfun Nahar. Properties of concrete incorporating alum sludge in different conditions as partial replacement of fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 284, 122669 .
AMA StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish, Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu, Ideris Zakaria, Manal Mohsen Abood, Lutfun Nahar. Properties of concrete incorporating alum sludge in different conditions as partial replacement of fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 284 ():122669.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish; Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu; Ideris Zakaria; Manal Mohsen Abood; Lutfun Nahar. 2021. "Properties of concrete incorporating alum sludge in different conditions as partial replacement of fine aggregate." Construction and Building Materials 284, no. : 122669.
A full-scale tunnel fire test requires extensive preparation of the fire source and an empirical design setup of the tunnel to reach 1200 °C of tunnel fire temperature. This paper shows comprehensive experimental research on the method of designing a large scale fire test setup for new unloaded concrete tunnel segments. The thermal and spalling behaviour of fire-resistant Patent- MY-163281 composition concrete (PMC) tunnel lining segments are compared to those of a current construction project coded SPC. The tests were conducted to follow the RABT time–temperature curve. Unloaded tunnel segments were considered to minimise the effects of mechanical loading on the spalling and failure behaviour. The results show that the test setup could replicate the RABT time–temperature curve with a nominal difference. The temperatures decreased gradually, with the increasing depth of concrete cover from the surface exposed to fire, with the PMC segments less than SPC’s. The PMC segments showed good concrete spalling resistance behaviour, but the SPC segments were severely spalled. The PMC tunnel lining showed better performance under tunnel fire compared to SPC lining with similar design strength.
Husen Alhawat; R. Hamid; S. Baharom; M.R. Azmi; A.B.M.A. Kaish. Thermal behaviour of unloaded concrete tunnel lining through an innovative large-scale tunnel fire experimental testing setup. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 283, 122718 .
AMA StyleHusen Alhawat, R. Hamid, S. Baharom, M.R. Azmi, A.B.M.A. Kaish. Thermal behaviour of unloaded concrete tunnel lining through an innovative large-scale tunnel fire experimental testing setup. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 283 ():122718.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHusen Alhawat; R. Hamid; S. Baharom; M.R. Azmi; A.B.M.A. Kaish. 2021. "Thermal behaviour of unloaded concrete tunnel lining through an innovative large-scale tunnel fire experimental testing setup." Construction and Building Materials 283, no. : 122718.
This study aimed at investigating the effect of different industrial waste material as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength properties of normal concrete. For economical and sustainability of natural resources, use of some industrial waste can demonstrate numerous benefits for the construction industry. Nevertheless, there is limited study on the use of industrial waste as replacement of fine aggregate in normal strength concrete especially, using alum sludge from water treatment plant as replacement of fine aggregate. The material used in this study as replacement of fine aggregate (river sand) was oven-dried alum sludge. While quarry dust and limestone dust were also employed as non-reactive industrial waste material, to identify the specific effect of oven-dried alum sludge in concrete. All the materials were crushed to obtain smaller particle size and then used as replacement of fine aggregate in different percentages (5, 10 and 15%). The results from the experiments shows that addition of industrial waste material improved the concrete density, compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths. The result also shows that optimum replacement content of fine aggregate with industrial waste were 10% for oven-dried alum sludge, whereas 15% for quarry and limestone dust content that improved all strength properties investigated in this study. All industrial waste employed in this study as fine aggregate have proven to be a good filler material by filling the concrete internal void and improving the strength properties for a normal strength concrete.
A.B.M.A. Kaish; Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu; Ideris Zakaria; Manal Mohsen Abood. Effects of different industrial waste materials as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength and microstructure properties of concrete. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 35, 102092 .
AMA StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish, Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu, Ideris Zakaria, Manal Mohsen Abood. Effects of different industrial waste materials as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength and microstructure properties of concrete. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 35 ():102092.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish; Temple Chimuanya Odimegwu; Ideris Zakaria; Manal Mohsen Abood. 2020. "Effects of different industrial waste materials as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength and microstructure properties of concrete." Journal of Building Engineering 35, no. : 102092.
Fire exposure can have a significant impact on the structural integrity and robustness of precast concrete beam-to-column connections. Given the importance of fire safety in the design of a structure, it is critical to understand the damage that may occur in the event of a fire to be able to prevent the building from collapsing. No comprehensive study has been carried out to determine the effects of fire on semirigid and pinned concrete beam-to-column connections. Most studies focused on the impact of exposure of rigid concrete beam-to-column connections to high temperatures. This paper is a comprehensive review of the literature on the performance of precast concrete beam-to-column connections under fire conditions. The key areas in this review are the moment-rotation-temperature characteristics and fire effect on precast concrete beam-to-column connections. This paper focuses primarily on the case studies of real fires, large-scale fire tests, computer simulations and analytical models, fire resistance tests on the connection elements, and assessment and rehabilitation of fire-damaged precast concrete. The paper also discusses the current issues and possible challenges.
Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. A Review of Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Connections Subjected to Severe Fire Conditions. Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -23.
AMA StyleNoor Azim Mohd Radzi, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul A. Mutalib, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. A Review of Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Connections Subjected to Severe Fire Conditions. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. 2020. "A Review of Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Connections Subjected to Severe Fire Conditions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, no. : 1-23.
Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footprint has become a priority in every industry to slow down global warming and climate change effects. The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) obtained from agricultural, industrial, municipal, and natural sources can decrease a significant amount of fossil fuel burning by reducing cement production and contribute to proper waste management. Also, SCMs can enhance desirable material properties like flowability, strength, and durability. Such materials may play a big role to meet the need of modern time for resilient construction. The effective application of SCMs in cement-based materials requires a clear understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics. Researchers studied how the flowability, strength, and durability properties of structural mortar change with the replacement of cement with different SCMs. Various experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of structural mortar in extreme conditions (e.g., high temperature). Many scholars have attempted to improve its performance with various treatment techniques. This article is an attempt to bring all the major findings of the recent relevant studies together, identify research gaps in the current state of knowledge on the utilization of SCMs in structural mortar, and give several recommendations for further study. The available results from recent studies have been reviewed, analyzed, and summarized in this article. A collection of the updated experimental findings will encourage and ease the use of various by-products and wastes as SCMs in structural mortar for sustainable construction.
Shamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3888 .
AMA StyleShamir Sakir, Sudharshan N. Raman, Safiuddin, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish, Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3888.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2020. "Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3888.
The rapid growth in urbanization and construction is increasing the demand for cement and aggregate, especially for concrete production. However, the production of cement and concrete increases the emission of carbon dioxide, and the source of natural aggregates to deplete. Hence, alternative materials are needed for concrete applications. Wood waste ash (WWA), a substitute material, is obtained from wood-fired plants, pulp and paper, and other wood-burning industrial facilities. However, the WWA production industry requires large areas of land in localities. Some wood waste is spread over the land, while some industries burn wood waste in incinerators, thus promoting air pollution, a major environmental issue. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the effective use of WWA as a replacement material for cement or aggregates in concrete. An overview of the utilization of WWA in the construction sector is presented, and development trends are studied in accordance with setting time, strength, and durability properties. Meanwhile, the effects of WWA as a pozzolanic additive are summarized for eco-concreting applications. Findings show that incorporating WWA in cement and concrete is beneficial to sustainable development and zero-waste technology. Environmental issues on using WWA and ways of reducing the hazardous impact on the surroundings are presented as well.
Kazi Tamanna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Maslina Jamil; Roszilah Hamid. Utilization of wood waste ash in construction technology: A review. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 237, 117654 .
AMA StyleKazi Tamanna, Sudharshan N. Raman, Maslina Jamil, Roszilah Hamid. Utilization of wood waste ash in construction technology: A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 237 ():117654.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKazi Tamanna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Maslina Jamil; Roszilah Hamid. 2019. "Utilization of wood waste ash in construction technology: A review." Construction and Building Materials 237, no. : 117654.
Disposal of cathode ray tube (CRT) glass is becoming a major threat to the environment all over the world. Due to the inclusion of latest technology (LCD, LED) in TV monitor manufacturing, CRT is no longer recycled to new CRT monitor. CRT glass has now been sent to the landfilling due to high cost for recycling it to other type of glass; because it needs a unique solution to separate the lead from the glass. Therefore, this study is conducted to determine the effectiveness of CRT waste glass as coarse aggregate in concrete production. Limestone aggregate was totally replaced by CRT glass aggregate in steel fiber reinforced concrete. Steel fiber was added in different percentage up to 1.5%. The results show that CRT glass aggregate is able to maintain the design strength of concrete. The inclusion of steel fiber increases the compressive and splitting tensile strength. Therefore, total elimination of natural aggregate is possible with the incorporation of glass aggregate derived from CRT waste glass.
M. Jamil; A. B. M. A. Kaish; K. S. Ibrahim; M. F. M. Zain. Incorporation of CRT waste glass as coarse aggregate in steel fiber reinforced concrete. AIP Conference Proceedings 2018, 2020, 020040 .
AMA StyleM. Jamil, A. B. M. A. Kaish, K. S. Ibrahim, M. F. M. Zain. Incorporation of CRT waste glass as coarse aggregate in steel fiber reinforced concrete. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018; 2020 (1):020040.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Jamil; A. B. M. A. Kaish; K. S. Ibrahim; M. F. M. Zain. 2018. "Incorporation of CRT waste glass as coarse aggregate in steel fiber reinforced concrete." AIP Conference Proceedings 2020, no. 1: 020040.
Cracking is a common problem in concrete structures in real-life service conditions. In fact, crack-free concrete structures are very rare to find in real world. Concrete can undergo early-age cracking depending on the mix composition, exposure environment, hydration rate, and curing conditions. Understanding the causes and consequences of cracking thoroughly is essential for selecting proper measures to resolve the early-age cracking problem in concrete. This paper will help to identify the major causes and consequences of the early-age cracking in concrete. Also, this paper will be useful to adopt effective remedial measures for reducing or eliminating the early-age cracking problem in concrete. Different types of early-age crack, the factors affecting the initiation and growth of early-age cracks, the causes of early-age cracking, and the modeling of early-age cracking are discussed in this paper. A number of examples for various early-age cracking problems of concrete found in different structural elements are also shown. Above all, some recommendations are given for minimizing the early-age cracking in concrete. It is hoped that the information conveyed in this paper will be beneficial to improve the service life of concrete structures. Concrete researchers and practitioners may benefit from the contents of this paper.
Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Chin-Ong Woon; Sudharshan N. Raman. Early-Age Cracking in Concrete: Causes, Consequences, Remedial Measures, and Recommendations. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1730 .
AMA StyleSafiuddin, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish, Chin-Ong Woon, Sudharshan N. Raman. Early-Age Cracking in Concrete: Causes, Consequences, Remedial Measures, and Recommendations. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (10):1730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSafiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Chin-Ong Woon; Sudharshan N. Raman. 2018. "Early-Age Cracking in Concrete: Causes, Consequences, Remedial Measures, and Recommendations." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10: 1730.
The disposal of alum sludge (AS) produced from drinking water treatment plants is gradually becoming a threat to the environment. The conventional disposal by landfill is not feasible because AS is considered as hazardous waste. By contrast, treated alum sludge (TAS) contains useful chemical compounds (silicon dioxide and aluminium trioxide which are the main constituents of cement). This study explored the influence of TAS on the production of high-strength self-compacting concrete (HSSCC) made up of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% cement replacement. The experimental work was divided into 15 mixes as well as three control mixes with three different water/powder (w/p) ratios (0.36, 0.38 and 0.4). The fresh properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) were determined via the slump flow, V-funnel, V-funnel at T5 min and L-box tests to meet the flowability requirements. The strength and durability properties of SCC were also tested at different specimen ages. In addition, the effects of elevated temperature on TAS-incorporated concrete were observed at different temperatures for 3 h. Experimental results revealed the encouraging effects of TAS on the fresh, hardened and durability properties of HSSCC with maximum 15% of the cement component partially replaced with TAS. Meanwhile, losses of mass and strength were observed to be higher in the TAS-incorporated SCC than in the control concrete.
A.B.M.A. Kaish; Khalid Mohammed Breesem; Manal Mohsen Abood. Influence of pre-treated alum sludge on properties of high-strength self-compacting concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 202, 1085 -1096.
AMA StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish, Khalid Mohammed Breesem, Manal Mohsen Abood. Influence of pre-treated alum sludge on properties of high-strength self-compacting concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 202 ():1085-1096.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.B.M.A. Kaish; Khalid Mohammed Breesem; Manal Mohsen Abood. 2018. "Influence of pre-treated alum sludge on properties of high-strength self-compacting concrete." Journal of Cleaner Production 202, no. : 1085-1096.
Malaysia alone generates approximately 30,000 tons of rubbish every day containing around 13% of solid plastic waste. Besides conventional recycling and landfilling, an alternative disposal of this waste is required for sustainable development. Adding plastic waste as a fiber in concrete would play an important role to reduce plastic waste. This study investigates the 7 days test results of properties of concrete containing plastic fibers derived from waste bags. In this study, polyethylene waste plastic bags were manually cut into fibers of two different lengths (5–12 mm and 20–35 mm). Nine concrete mixtures were prepared with quantities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4% of both types of plastic fibers. Workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength were tested at 7 days and compared with conventional concrete. The addition of plastic fibers significantly improved concrete properties. Research results showed that depending on quantity of plastic fibers, concrete may achieve different strengths. The test results proved that the utilization of plastic fibers derived from waste plastic bags in concrete is possible and it can improve the properties of concrete.
Asset Turlanbekov; A. B. M. A. Kaish. Early Strength Properties of Concrete Incorporating Plastic Fibers Derived from Waste Plastic Bags. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2018, 417 -422.
AMA StyleAsset Turlanbekov, A. B. M. A. Kaish. Early Strength Properties of Concrete Incorporating Plastic Fibers Derived from Waste Plastic Bags. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2018; ():417-422.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsset Turlanbekov; A. B. M. A. Kaish. 2018. "Early Strength Properties of Concrete Incorporating Plastic Fibers Derived from Waste Plastic Bags." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 417-422.
The type of concrete called Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is well accepted nowadays by construction industries because of its flowability. In this study, the effect of natural zeolite (NZ) (Clinoptilolite) on the behaviour of self-compacting concrete was observed. Different percentages of NZ (5, 10 and 15%) by weight of cement were used in replacing cement. Water to powder (w/p) ratio was chosen 0.36, 0.38 and 0.4. Slump flow and V-funnel tests were used in investigating the concrete’s fresh properties; and the compressive strength was investigated at 3 and 7 days of curing. Results showed that the flowability decreases with an increasing amount of NZ. It was also observed that the specimens which had clinoptilolite had lower compressive strengths than that of the control specimens within the period of 3 days. However, after 7 days, strengths of SCC become closer to the strength of control specimens. It can be considered as a clear improvement in strength after 7 days for mixes containing NZ up to 10% compared to control mixes. Therefore, it can be said that NZ can be utilised up to 10% to replace cement in the production of SCC.
Khalid Mohammed Breesem; Manal M. Abood; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. Effect of Clinoptilolite on Fresh and Early Strength Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2018, 267 -272.
AMA StyleKhalid Mohammed Breesem, Manal M. Abood, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. Effect of Clinoptilolite on Fresh and Early Strength Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2018; ():267-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhalid Mohammed Breesem; Manal M. Abood; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. 2018. "Effect of Clinoptilolite on Fresh and Early Strength Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 267-272.
A. B. M. A. Kaish; M. Jamil; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; M.F.M. Zain; Lutfun Nahar. Ferrocement composites for strengthening of concrete columns: A review. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 160, 326 -340.
AMA StyleA. B. M. A. Kaish, M. Jamil, Sudharshan Naidu Raman, M.F.M. Zain, Lutfun Nahar. Ferrocement composites for strengthening of concrete columns: A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 160 ():326-340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. B. M. A. Kaish; M. Jamil; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; M.F.M. Zain; Lutfun Nahar. 2018. "Ferrocement composites for strengthening of concrete columns: A review." Construction and Building Materials 160, no. : 326-340.
Bangladesh has about 710 km long coastline at its southern part. This huge coastal region is very much prone to tidal surge and cyclones; and approximately in every 5 years devastating cyclonic storm hits these coastal areas. The entire coastline suffers serious damage of locally built traditional or non-engineered houses in almost every year. Therefore, this study investigates a proper wind-resistant housing concept, so that people can build houses which are structurally strong to resist the high speed winds and as well be within their affordable financial limits. In order to carry out this study, existing housing data in the extreme wind-swept coastal areas of Chittagong, Cox-bazar and Patuakhali districts of Bangladesh was collected and analyzed to categorize different housing patterns. Some houses were found very poor in condition from the construction point of view and were not recommended for further strengthening. Some houses were found good in condition but had been constructed without following any engineering practices. These types of houses were considered for further strengthening to resist high speed winds that are prevalent in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. A specific pattern of house was analyzed using finite element software ANSYS 11.0. Thereafter, different types of strengthening techniques were applied and analyzed them for obtaining stress and deflection data. Results show that the deflections reduced by 95% when simple strengthening techniques (adding tie and bracing at some important points) were applied to the existing houses. This article also provides some guidelines for construction of houses in cyclone-prone areas.
M.R. Alam; A.B.M.A. Kaish; M.F.M. Zain; S.K. Dev; M.S. Mahzabin. Vulnerability assessment and construction recommendations of local houses in the cyclone prone coastal areas of Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2017, 21, 118 -130.
AMA StyleM.R. Alam, A.B.M.A. Kaish, M.F.M. Zain, S.K. Dev, M.S. Mahzabin. Vulnerability assessment and construction recommendations of local houses in the cyclone prone coastal areas of Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2017; 21 ():118-130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.R. Alam; A.B.M.A. Kaish; M.F.M. Zain; S.K. Dev; M.S. Mahzabin. 2017. "Vulnerability assessment and construction recommendations of local houses in the cyclone prone coastal areas of Bangladesh." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 21, no. : 118-130.
M.R. Hasan; M.F.M. Zain; Roszilah Hamid; A. B. M. A. Kaish; S. Nahar. A Comprehensive Study on Sustainable Photocatalytic Pervious Concrete for Storm Water Pollution Mitigation: A Review. Materials Today: Proceedings 2017, 4, 9773 -9776.
AMA StyleM.R. Hasan, M.F.M. Zain, Roszilah Hamid, A. B. M. A. Kaish, S. Nahar. A Comprehensive Study on Sustainable Photocatalytic Pervious Concrete for Storm Water Pollution Mitigation: A Review. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2017; 4 (9):9773-9776.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.R. Hasan; M.F.M. Zain; Roszilah Hamid; A. B. M. A. Kaish; S. Nahar. 2017. "A Comprehensive Study on Sustainable Photocatalytic Pervious Concrete for Storm Water Pollution Mitigation: A Review." Materials Today: Proceedings 4, no. 9: 9773-9776.
M. Jamil; M.N.N. Khan; M.R. Karim; A. B. M. A. Kaish; M.F.M. Zain. Physical and chemical contributions of Rice Husk Ash on the properties of mortar. Construction and Building Materials 2016, 128, 185 -198.
AMA StyleM. Jamil, M.N.N. Khan, M.R. Karim, A. B. M. A. Kaish, M.F.M. Zain. Physical and chemical contributions of Rice Husk Ash on the properties of mortar. Construction and Building Materials. 2016; 128 ():185-198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Jamil; M.N.N. Khan; M.R. Karim; A. B. M. A. Kaish; M.F.M. Zain. 2016. "Physical and chemical contributions of Rice Husk Ash on the properties of mortar." Construction and Building Materials 128, no. : 185-198.
Shamir Sakir; S.N. Raman; A.B.M.A. Kaish; A.A. Mutalib. Self-flowing mortar for ferrocement in strengthening applications. Perspectives in Science 2016, 8, 673 -676.
AMA StyleShamir Sakir, S.N. Raman, A.B.M.A. Kaish, A.A. Mutalib. Self-flowing mortar for ferrocement in strengthening applications. Perspectives in Science. 2016; 8 ():673-676.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamir Sakir; S.N. Raman; A.B.M.A. Kaish; A.A. Mutalib. 2016. "Self-flowing mortar for ferrocement in strengthening applications." Perspectives in Science 8, no. : 673-676.
Confronting expanding demand for energy and ecological concerns, artificial photosynthesis in reasonably less complex structure to achieve the consequences of natural photosynthesis that is coupling solar powered driven water splitting and CO2 lessening in a way that dispenses with the requirement for an external, sacrificial electron donor is one of the colossal difficulties for the utilization of renewable energy and a sustainable development. For all intents and purposes, ''CO2 diminishment'' is more emerging than ''water splitting'' since it not just adds to worldwide carbon cycling for carbon unbiased natural powers, copying what genuine leaves do (characteristic carbon reduction), additionally mitigating worldwide atmosphere changes. Nonetheless, as CO2 is a generally dormant and stable exacerbate, its diminishment is entirely testing. The photocatalytic lessening of CO2 has been generally contemplated for quite a while and additionally water part. For heterogeneous photocatalyst, numerous endeavours still concentrate on TiO2-based materials while different impetuses, for example, LiNbO3, ZnGa2O4, ALa4TiO4 (A=Ca, Sr, and Ba) etc. have additionally been accounted for as of late. Nevertheless, the advance accomplished in this field had not been as sensational as that in water splitting for a few decades in view of the low efficiencies, limited photocatalyst and/or requiring the utilization of sacrificial reducing agents. The study may even manage current gaps inside of the advancement of photocatalytic materials, i.e., the synergy among photocatalytic materials for artificial photosynthesis.
M. R. Hasan; M. F. M. Zain; R. Hamid; S. Nahar; A. B. M. A. Kaish. Recent Advances on Photocatalytic Material for Artificial Photosynthesis. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleM. R. Hasan, M. F. M. Zain, R. Hamid, S. Nahar, A. B. M. A. Kaish. Recent Advances on Photocatalytic Material for Artificial Photosynthesis. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. R. Hasan; M. F. M. Zain; R. Hamid; S. Nahar; A. B. M. A. Kaish. 2016. "Recent Advances on Photocatalytic Material for Artificial Photosynthesis." Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials , no. : 1.
Self‐flowing mortar (SFM) is being popular in recent time. Its’ easy‐placement nature makes it suitable for narrow or congested reinforced places. To comply with modern‐age needs, many supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are gaining importance nowadays. Using industrial and agricultural wastes as SCM, ensures proper management of many hazardous materials and saves cost as well. Incorporation of these two techniques can offer cost‐effective and environment‐friendly solutions to many construction problems. Many researchers studied the effect of different SCMs on mortar properties in recent years. The objective of this study is to summarize the findings of recent experiments. This will help the experts of this field to optimize their mix design easily, as well as, the researchers to find the research gap and determine the direction of their future studies.
Shamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleShamir Sakir, A. B. M. A. Kaish, Sudharshan Raman, Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. 2016. "Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials." Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials , no. : 1.
The utilization of pozzolans in cementitious system (concrete and mortar) minimizes both cost and energy. It also enhances mechanical strength and durability of the system. The total contribution of pozzolans can be categorized into two: (i) physical or filler effect which is attributed by the fineness of the particles and (ii) chemical or pozzolanic effect which is attributed by the pozzolanic reaction. It is difficult to quantify the strength development of cementitious system caused by the filler and pozzolanic effect separately. Therefore, the individual contribution of pozzolans in cementitious system because of its physical and chemical effects need to be profoundly understood by the scientific community. This paper reviews available literatures to understand the effect of non-reactive fillers that attributed as the microfiller effect of pozzolans in cementitious systems. The previous studies utilized chemically inactive materials that attributed only the microfiller activity of pozzolans for a partial replacement of cement. It was reported that filler effect is equal or sometimes more significant than pozzolanic effect in concrete. A larger range of replacement percentages (like 5%, 10%, 15% or 10%, 20%, 30% etc.) was used in the previous studies. However, probabilities of the optimum compressive strength because of the filler effect may lie in between two larger range of replacement percentages. Therefore, an experimental work is also carried out using natural ground sand of size 7.6-µm at a lower range of cement replacement percentages (like 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% etc.) in mortar. Compressive strength of mortar at different ages and microstructure analysis of mortar at 28 days were performed in this study. Test results showed that the filler effect is more pronounced at a lower replacement percentages of cement (0-10%) while using smaller non-reactive fillers. The maximum strength due to filler effect of ground sand is acheieved at 7.5% replacement of cement. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images also confirmed the effect of fillers on the microstructure development of mortar.
M. N. N. Khan; M. Jamil; M. R. Karim; M. F. M. Zain; A. B. M. A. Kaish. Filler effect of pozzolanic materials on the strength and microstructure development of mortar. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 2016, 21, 274 -284.
AMA StyleM. N. N. Khan, M. Jamil, M. R. Karim, M. F. M. Zain, A. B. M. A. Kaish. Filler effect of pozzolanic materials on the strength and microstructure development of mortar. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 2016; 21 (1):274-284.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. N. N. Khan; M. Jamil; M. R. Karim; M. F. M. Zain; A. B. M. A. Kaish. 2016. "Filler effect of pozzolanic materials on the strength and microstructure development of mortar." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 1: 274-284.
Visually impaired students (VIS) are unable to get visual information, which has made their learning process complicated. This paper discusses the overall situation of VIS in Bangladesh and identifies major challenges that they are facing in getting education. The Braille system is followed to educate blind students in Bangladesh. However, lack of Braille based educational resources and technological solutions have made the learning process lengthy and complicated for VIS. As a developing country, Bangladesh cannot afford for the costly Braille related technological tools for VIS. Therefore, a mobile phone based Braille application, “mBRAILLE”, for Android platform is designed to provide an easy Braille learning technology for VIS in Bangladesh. The proposed design is evaluated by experts in assistive technology for students with disabilities, and advanced learners of Braille. The application aims to provide a Bangla and English Braille learning platform for VIS. In this paper, we depict iterative (participatory) design of the application along with a preliminary evaluation with 5 blind subjects, and 1 sighted and 2 blind experts. The results show that the design scored an overall satisfaction level of 4.53 out of 5 by all respondents, indicating that our design is ready for the next step of development.
Lutfun Nahar; Azizah Jaafar; Eistiak Ahamed; A. B. M. A. Kaish. Design of a Braille Learning Application for Visually Impaired Students in Bangladesh. Assistive Technology 2015, 27, 172 -182.
AMA StyleLutfun Nahar, Azizah Jaafar, Eistiak Ahamed, A. B. M. A. Kaish. Design of a Braille Learning Application for Visually Impaired Students in Bangladesh. Assistive Technology. 2015; 27 (3):172-182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLutfun Nahar; Azizah Jaafar; Eistiak Ahamed; A. B. M. A. Kaish. 2015. "Design of a Braille Learning Application for Visually Impaired Students in Bangladesh." Assistive Technology 27, no. 3: 172-182.