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Hussin Ahmed
Mining Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

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Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Energies
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The combined microwave-assisted sorting and microwave-assisted comminution of minerals has been proposed to reduce the huge grinding energy consumption in mineral processing. However, gangue minerals would be discarded after the sorting process despite the microwave energy absorbed during their treatment. Therefore, this paper investigates the effect of microwave pretreatment on the Bond work index (BWI) of quartz and calcite samples, as they represent the dominant gangues in many ores and are key inputs in the cement industry, which requires intensive grinding. The samples were characterized using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The BWIs of the two samples were determined before and after the microwave treatment (2.45 GHz, 1.7 kW) at 2, 4 and 6 minutes. SEM image analyses of the untreated and microwave-treated samples were performed using ImageJ software. The results showed that after 4 minutes of radiation treatment, the BWI of the studied quartz was reduced by 13.83%, while that of the calcite increased by 15.59%. The results of the SEM image analysis indicated that the quartz developed more cracks than the calcite under the same microwave treatment conditions. Based on these findings, microwave pretreatment is suitable to reduce the grinding energy of the studied quartz, but offers no energy-saving benefit to the studied calcite.

ACS Style

Sefiu Adewuyi; Hussin Ahmed. Grinding Behaviour of Microwave-Irradiated Mining Waste. Energies 2021, 14, 3991 .

AMA Style

Sefiu Adewuyi, Hussin Ahmed. Grinding Behaviour of Microwave-Irradiated Mining Waste. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3991.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sefiu Adewuyi; Hussin Ahmed. 2021. "Grinding Behaviour of Microwave-Irradiated Mining Waste." Energies 14, no. 13: 3991.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Sustainability
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The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia covers an area of approximately 2 million km2 and is rich in natural resources that are necessary for industrial development. The estimated mineral wealth beneath the Kingdom’s soil is approximately USD 1.33 trillion, as reported by the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources. The Kingdom’s vision for 2030 is to develop the mining sector to become the third pillar of the domestic economy. Therefore, exploration and mining activities are expected to accelerate over the next decade, which will lead to increased waste production. New executive regulations issued in January 2021 contain several sustainable elements related to the environment, social responsibility, and occupational health and safety. Therefore, this study aims to promote an example of sustainable mining activities in the Kingdom that could be adapted to meet the regulatory requirements. Cemented paste backfill samples of varying composition were made with waste materials from a Saudi copper mine for re-injection into underground mining cavities to minimize waste exposure to the environment. The samples were tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS) after 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days of curing. Results from a statistically designed experiment technique show that the samples developed sufficient strength to be used in mine backfilling applications. Strong negative relationships were detected between the UCS and the water-to-binder ratio. There is strong potential for mine backfill technology to be applied to a wide range of Saudi Arabian mines to enhance the sustainability of the mining sector.

ACS Style

Mohammed Hefni; Hussin Ahmed; Ebaa Omar; Maaz Ali. The Potential Re-Use of Saudi Mine Tailings in Mine Backfill: A Path towards Sustainable Mining in Saudi Arabia. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6204 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Hefni, Hussin Ahmed, Ebaa Omar, Maaz Ali. The Potential Re-Use of Saudi Mine Tailings in Mine Backfill: A Path towards Sustainable Mining in Saudi Arabia. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6204.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Hefni; Hussin Ahmed; Ebaa Omar; Maaz Ali. 2021. "The Potential Re-Use of Saudi Mine Tailings in Mine Backfill: A Path towards Sustainable Mining in Saudi Arabia." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6204.

Review
Published: 09 May 2020 in Minerals
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The comminution of ores consumes a high portion of energy. Therefore, different pretreatment methods of ores prior to their comminution are considered to reduce this energy. However, the results of pretreatment methods and their technological development are scattered in literature. Hence, this paper aims at collating the different ore pretreatment methods with their applications and results from published articles, conference proceedings, and verified reports. It was found that pretreatment methods include thermal (via oven, microwave, or radiofrequency), chemical additive, electric, magnetic, ultrasonic, and bio-milling. Results showed that the chemical pretreatment method has been used at an industrial scale since 1930, mainly in cement production. The microwave pretreatment results showed positive improvements at pilot scale mining applications in 2017. The results of ore pretreatment using electric and ultrasonic methods showed up to 24% and 66% improvement in energy consumption, respectively. The former and the latter have been piloted for gold and carbonate ore, respectively. Findings also showed that magnetic, radiofrequency, and bio-milling methods have not led to significant reductions in comminution energy. Based on energy reduction, safety, costs, stage of application, and downstream benefits, microwave and electrical pretreatment methods may be focused for applications in the mining industry.

ACS Style

Sefiu O. Adewuyi; Hussin A. M. Ahmed; Haitham M. A. Ahmed. Methods of Ore Pretreatment for Comminution Energy Reduction. Minerals 2020, 10, 423 .

AMA Style

Sefiu O. Adewuyi, Hussin A. M. Ahmed, Haitham M. A. Ahmed. Methods of Ore Pretreatment for Comminution Energy Reduction. Minerals. 2020; 10 (5):423.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sefiu O. Adewuyi; Hussin A. M. Ahmed; Haitham M. A. Ahmed. 2020. "Methods of Ore Pretreatment for Comminution Energy Reduction." Minerals 10, no. 5: 423.