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Yanjun Sun
School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

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Journal article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Due to its high greenhouse effect, the use of SF6 as the main insulating gas is restricted in the electric power field. Along with the aim of environmental protection, the search for new alternative gases with a lower greenhouse effect and higher insulation strength has received a lot of attention. The properties of alternative gases have a vital impact on the performance of medium-voltage power distribution equipment. Firstly, based on the existing liquefaction temperatures of SF6/N2, SF6/CO2, and SF6/CF4, the calculated liquefaction temperatures were expanded to 0.7 MPa. Combining the Antoine vapor-pressure equation and the basic law of vapor–liquid balance, the vapor pressures of SF6/N2, CF3I/N2, c-C4F8/N2, C4-PFN/N2, C4-PFN/CO2, and C5-PFK/CO2 were obtained. Secondly, the critical breakdown field strength was analyzed for C4-PFN/CO2, C5-PFK/CO2, SF6, CF3I/N2, C5-PFK/Air, and c-C4F8/N2. Finally, the GWPs of SF6/N2, C4-PFN/N2, C4-PFN/CO2, C5-PFK/CO2, and C5-PFK/N2 were discussed. The results show that the liquefaction temperature gradually decreases as the pressure rises; SF6/N2 has the highest vapor pressure at −5 °C; the critical breakdown field strengths of several mixtures are higher than that of SF6.

ACS Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Qiming Wei; Lijun Jin; Yanjun Sun. The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9063 .

AMA Style

Tao Jiang, Xiangzhao Meng, Qiming Wei, Lijun Jin, Yanjun Sun. The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9063.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Qiming Wei; Lijun Jin; Yanjun Sun. 2021. "The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9063.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2021 in International Journal of Refrigeration
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The absorption-cycle technology driven by low-grade thermal energy has attracted significant attention. Hydrofluoroolefins refrigerant and ionic-liquid absorbent have been currently proposed as the promising candidates to traditional NH3/H2O and H2O/LiBr working pairs. The properties of refrigerant/absorbent pairs have a vital impact on the efficiency of an absorption-refrigeration cycle, especially the solubility of the gaseous refrigerant in an absorbent. In this work, solubilities were measured for two new working pairs (R1234ze(E)/[P66614][Cl] and R1233zd(E)/[P66614][Cl]) by an isochoric saturation method at the temperature range from 283.15 to 343.15 K. Solubilities increase with the increase of pressure and decrease with increase of temperature. To assess solubility model of refrigerant/IL pairs, the Krichevsky-Ilinskays (KI) equation and Nonrandom Two-Liquid (NRTL) model were used to correlate the new data. From the results, we found that the NRTL model could provide smaller deviations than KI equation. In contrast with the existing IL, the [P66614][Cl] has the highest solubility. Furthermore, the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of dissolution were estimated.

ACS Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Yanjun Sun; Lijun Jin; Qiming Wei; Jiang Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. Absorption behavior for R1234ze(E) and R1233zd(E) in [P66614][Cl] as Working Fluids in Absorption Refrigeration Systems. International Journal of Refrigeration 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Tao Jiang, Xiangzhao Meng, Yanjun Sun, Lijun Jin, Qiming Wei, Jiang Wang, Xiaopo Wang, Maogang He. Absorption behavior for R1234ze(E) and R1233zd(E) in [P66614][Cl] as Working Fluids in Absorption Refrigeration Systems. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Yanjun Sun; Lijun Jin; Qiming Wei; Jiang Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. 2021. "Absorption behavior for R1234ze(E) and R1233zd(E) in [P66614][Cl] as Working Fluids in Absorption Refrigeration Systems." International Journal of Refrigeration , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2021 in International Journal of Refrigeration
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R1234ze(E) and R1234yf, as green refrigerants, have received more and more attention in recent years. To better understand the performance of the evaporator working with a refrigerant/lubricating oil mixture, the solubilities of R1234ze(E)/POE85 and R1234yf/POE85 were measured using the isochoric saturation method in the temperature range from 278.15 K to 348.15 K. The NRTL model was used to correlate the new data. Using the new data, the pressure-enthalpy-vapor quality diagram and superheat-non-evaporation diagram were presented. The results show that the enthalpies of refrigerant/lubricating oil are always lower than those of pure refrigerant. The critical vapor quality is related to the refrigerant/oil solubility and oil circulation mass ratio. The enthalpy change ratio is directly proportional to the superheat and inversely proportional to the oil circulation mass fraction. The non-evaporation quality decreases as the superheat increases and increases as the mass fraction of oil circulation increases.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Qiming Wei; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. Impact of oil presence on the evaporator enthalpy working with R1234ze(E) and R1234yf. International Journal of Refrigeration 2021, 129, 153 -162.

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Qiming Wei, Jian Wang, Xiaopo Wang, Maogang He. Impact of oil presence on the evaporator enthalpy working with R1234ze(E) and R1234yf. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2021; 129 ():153-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Qiming Wei; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. 2021. "Impact of oil presence on the evaporator enthalpy working with R1234ze(E) and R1234yf." International Journal of Refrigeration 129, no. : 153-162.

Research article
Published: 05 February 2021 in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Absorption-cycle technology driven by low-grade thermal energy has attracted significant attention. Environment-friendly refrigerant/ionic-liquid absorbents have been currently proposed as promising candidates to traditional H2O/LiBr and NH3/H2O working pairs. The properties of refrigerant/absorbent pairs have a large impact on the performance of an absorption–refrigeration cycle, especially the solubility of the gaseous refrigerant in an absorbent. In this work, solubilities (vapor–liquid phase equilibrium) were measured for two new working pairs (isobutane/[P66614]Cl and propane/[P66614]Cl) from 278.15 to 348.15 K by an isochoric saturation method. Solubilities increase with a decrease in temperature and an increase in pressure. The new data were correlated by the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) equation. Results show that the NRTL model provides small deviations distributed as a function of pressure. Furthermore, the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of dissolution were estimated. Calculated enthalpies are negative indicating that the process of dissolution is exothermic. The Gibbs energy accords with the classical thermodynamics theory: the lower is the value, the more favorable is the dissolution capacity.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Qiming Wei; Xiaopo Wang. Solubility for Propane and Isobutane in [P66614]Cl from 278.15 to 348.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2021, 66, 1273 -1279.

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Jian Wang, Qiming Wei, Xiaopo Wang. Solubility for Propane and Isobutane in [P66614]Cl from 278.15 to 348.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2021; 66 (3):1273-1279.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Qiming Wei; Xiaopo Wang. 2021. "Solubility for Propane and Isobutane in [P66614]Cl from 278.15 to 348.15 K." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 66, no. 3: 1273-1279.

Thermodynamics and molecular scale phenomena
Published: 24 January 2021 in AIChE Journal
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For lithium salts, ionic liquids (ILs) are promising alternatives to conventional solvents in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to a more favorable high‐voltage operating window, and due to improved safety through reduction of flammability. Toward better understanding of wetting properties of IL‐based electrolytes on a LIB separator, wetting properties affect electrochemical performance, experimental studies were made to determine the influence of solvent, lithium‐salt type and salt concentration. Surface tensions and advancing contact angles were measured for two pure ILs ([C4C1im][BF4] and [C4C1im][OTf]) and for four IL/alkylcarbonate solvent blends (1:1 mass ratio, [C4C1im][BF4]/PC, [C4C1im][BF4]/DMC, [C4C1im][OTf]/PC, and [C4C1im][OTf]/ DMC) with several concentrations of a lithium salt (LiClO4, LiPF6, and LiTFSI). A significant improvement of wettability of pure ILs was observed by adding DMC, while adding PC with surface tension higher than that of pure ILs is detrimental to wetting behavior. Contact angles decrease by adding LiTFSI but show almost no change upon addition of LiPF6 or LiClO4. Surface tensions follow the same trend as that for contact angles. Incorporation of TFSI− anion gives favorable separator wettability. Estimates were made for interfacial properties of the separator (dispersive and polar components of the surface free energy for solid‐vapor, for liquid–vapor, and for solid–liquid interfacial free energy).

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; John M. Prausnitz. Interfacial properties between ionic‐liquid‐based electrolytes and lithium‐ion‐battery separator. AIChE Journal 2021, 67, e17208 .

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Jian Wang, John M. Prausnitz. Interfacial properties between ionic‐liquid‐based electrolytes and lithium‐ion‐battery separator. AIChE Journal. 2021; 67 (6):e17208.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; John M. Prausnitz. 2021. "Interfacial properties between ionic‐liquid‐based electrolytes and lithium‐ion‐battery separator." AIChE Journal 67, no. 6: e17208.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2020 in The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
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Isobutane (R600a) and dimethyl ether (DME) as promising refrigerants have attracted wide attention. To better understand their evaporative performance in the presence of oil, the solubilities were measured for R600a and DME in squalane from 293.15 K to 348.15 K. The data was correlated by the NRTL model. A new pressure-enthalpy-vapor quality diagram, which is applied to pure refrigerant and refrigerant/oil mixtures with various circulating oil mass fractions, is presented based on the data. The critical vapor quality was found in the isotherm of the refrigerant/oil mixture, and it depends on the circulating oil mass fraction and refrigerant/oil solubility. The higher critical vapor quality, the greater contribution of the latent heat, which is beneficial for heat transfer. The enthalpy changes through an evaporator with and without taking into account the effect of oil, as well as the non-evaporated quantity of refrigerant at the evaporator outlet, were also analyzed. The enthalpy change ratio increases with an increase of superheat and decreases with an increase in mass fraction of circulating oil. The non-evaporated quantity decreases with an increase of superheat and increases with an increase in the mass fraction of oil circulation.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu. Effect of refrigerant/oil solubility on thermodynamic performance of the evaporator working with R600a and DME. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 2020, 154, 106331 .

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Jian Wang, Yusheng Hu. Effect of refrigerant/oil solubility on thermodynamic performance of the evaporator working with R600a and DME. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics. 2020; 154 ():106331.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu. 2020. "Effect of refrigerant/oil solubility on thermodynamic performance of the evaporator working with R600a and DME." The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 154, no. : 106331.

Journal article
Published: 28 October 2020 in International Journal of Refrigeration
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2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234yf) and trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) as the promising refrigerants have attracted wide attention. To understand better of the refrigeration-cycle performance working with new refrigerants, the thermodynamic properties of refrigerant/oil mixtures should be well known, especially the viscosity of the refrigerant/oil mixture. Using a dual-capillary method, the viscosities were measured for POE75 saturated with R1234yf and R1234ze(E) from 303.15 to 348.15 K. The viscosity trends of R1234yf/POE75 and R1234ze(E)/POE75 mixtures are similar. As rising solubility, a sharp decrease of viscosity appeared firstly, and then it goes to be flat. Results show that the dissolved refrigerant in oil largely reduces the oil viscosity. Comparing to viscosity models including an empirical model (modified Setchenow-type equation) and Eyring's absolute rate theory coupled with three excess Gibbs energy models (Eyring-MTSM model, Eyring-NRTL model, and Eyring-wilson model), the Eyring-MTSM model give better results than the other studied models.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He; Yusheng Hu. An experimental investigation and correlation of the viscosity refrigerant/oil solutions. International Journal of Refrigeration 2020, 121, 152 -158.

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Jian Wang, Xiaopo Wang, Maogang He, Yusheng Hu. An experimental investigation and correlation of the viscosity refrigerant/oil solutions. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2020; 121 ():152-158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He; Yusheng Hu. 2020. "An experimental investigation and correlation of the viscosity refrigerant/oil solutions." International Journal of Refrigeration 121, no. : 152-158.

Research article
Published: 02 July 2020 in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Difluoromethane (R32) as a refrigerant with zero ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential has received extensive attention in the refrigeration industry. The phase behavior of refrigerant/lubricant mixtures has a critical effect on the performance and operation safety in a compression-refrigeration system. Using the isochoric saturation method, the solubilities of refrigerant R32 in POE75 and in PVE68 lubricant were measured from 278.15 to 348.15 K. The results indicate that there is no sediment, no color change, and no stratification during the whole experiment. The nonrandom two-fluid equation was used to correlate the experimental data. For both oils, solubilities of R32 increase with the decrease of temperature and increase of pressure. R32 is more soluble in PVE than in POE. In addition, the Henry’s constants were calculated for R32 in both oils at different temperatures.

ACS Style

Xiucan Jia; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu; Yanjun Sun; Xiaopo Wang. Solubilities of R32 in Polyol Ester and Polyvineyl Ether from 278.15 to 348.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2020, 65, 4306 -4317.

AMA Style

Xiucan Jia, Jian Wang, Yusheng Hu, Yanjun Sun, Xiaopo Wang. Solubilities of R32 in Polyol Ester and Polyvineyl Ether from 278.15 to 348.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2020; 65 (9):4306-4317.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiucan Jia; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu; Yanjun Sun; Xiaopo Wang. 2020. "Solubilities of R32 in Polyol Ester and Polyvineyl Ether from 278.15 to 348.15 K." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 65, no. 9: 4306-4317.

Journal article
Published: 16 March 2020 in Fluid Phase Equilibria
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R1234yf and R1234ze(E) as green refrigerants have attracted wide attention. Phase behavior of refrigerant/oil and oil circulating mass fraction are critical to the performance and reliability of refrigeration systems. Using isochoric saturation method, the solubilities were measured for R1234yf and R1234ze(E) in POE75 from 278.15 to 348.15 K. The pressure–enthalpy–vapor quality diagrams for pure refrigerants (R1234yf and R1234ze(E)) and refrigerant/oil mixtures (R1234yf/POE75 and R1234ze(E)/POE75), with various oil circulating mass fractions, are presented where the solubility is correlated by the NRTL model and the enthalpy of the refrigerant/oil is calculated by the model reported by Youbi-Idrissi. The enthalpy of refrigerant/oil, enthalpy change ratio and non-evaporated quantity were analyzed at different oil circulating mass fractions and superheats. The results show that the enthalpies of refrigerant/oil are always lower than those of pure refrigerant under various oil cycle mass fractions. The enthalpy change ratio increases with the increase of superheat and decreases with the increase of oil circulating mass fraction. The non-evaporated quantity decreases with the increase of superheat and increases with the increase of oil circulation mass fraction.

ACS Style

Xiucan Jia; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Yusheng Hu; Yanjun Sun. Phase equilibrium of R1234yf and R1234ze(E) with POE lubricant and thermodynamic performance on the evaporator. Fluid Phase Equilibria 2020, 514, 112562 .

AMA Style

Xiucan Jia, Jian Wang, Xiaopo Wang, Yusheng Hu, Yanjun Sun. Phase equilibrium of R1234yf and R1234ze(E) with POE lubricant and thermodynamic performance on the evaporator. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2020; 514 ():112562.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiucan Jia; Jian Wang; Xiaopo Wang; Yusheng Hu; Yanjun Sun. 2020. "Phase equilibrium of R1234yf and R1234ze(E) with POE lubricant and thermodynamic performance on the evaporator." Fluid Phase Equilibria 514, no. : 112562.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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To overcome the weaknesses of traditional working pairs (H2O/LiBr and NH3/H2O) in the absorption-refrigeration systems, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234yf)/ionic liquid (IL) as a promising working pair has attracted wide attention. Using an isochoric saturation method, the solubilities were measured for three working pairs (R1234yf/[emim][Ac], R1234yf/[bmim][Ac] and R1234yf/[P66614][Cl]) from 283.15 to 343.15 K and the data was correlated by the NRTL model. Solubilities rise with a decrease in temperature and an increase in pressure. Highest solubility is in [P66614][Cl], followed by [bmim][[Ac] and [emim][Ac]. The cooling performance was studied for the single-effect and compression-assisted system using several R1234yf/IL mixtures. The effects of compression ratio, generation and evaporation temperature on the coefficient performance (COP) and circulation ratio were analyzed. Under the condensation temperature of 303 K, generation temperature of 363 K and absorption temperature of 303 K, the maximum COPs for [emim][Ac], [bmim][Ac] and [P66614][Cl] are respectively 013, 0.23, and 0.46 in the compression-assisted system. [P66614][Cl] has the highest COP and exergy coefficient of performance (ECOP) while [emim][Ac] shows lowest under the same condition.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Gaolei Di; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. Gaseous solubility and thermodynamic performance of absorption system using R1234yf/IL working pairs. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020, 172, 115161 .

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Gaolei Di, Jian Wang, Yusheng Hu, Xiaopo Wang, Maogang He. Gaseous solubility and thermodynamic performance of absorption system using R1234yf/IL working pairs. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2020; 172 ():115161.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Gaolei Di; Jian Wang; Yusheng Hu; Xiaopo Wang; Maogang He. 2020. "Gaseous solubility and thermodynamic performance of absorption system using R1234yf/IL working pairs." Applied Thermal Engineering 172, no. : 115161.

Book chapter
Published: 30 January 2019 in Advanced Cooling Technologies and Applications
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An energy-saving and environmentally friendly air-conditioning method has been proposed. The key component is a novel indirect evaporative heat exchanger (IEHX) based on the M-cycle. In this design, the compact IEHX is able to produce sub-wet-bulb cooling and reduce the air temperature approaching dew-point temperature. This chapter aims to achieve a fundamental understanding of the novel IEHX. A numerical model has been developed and validated by comparing the simulated outlet air conditions against experimental data. The model showed a good agreement with the experimental findings. Employing the validated numerical model, we have theoretically investigated the heat and mass transfer behavior occurred in the IEHX. The detailed cooling process has been analyzed on the psychrometric chart. In addition, the effects of varying inlet conditions and airflow passage dimensions on the cooling efficiency have been studied. By analyzing the thermal performance of the IEHX, we have provided possible suggestions to improve the performance of the dew-point cooler and enable it to attain higher cooling effectiveness.

ACS Style

Xin Cui; Xiaohu Yang; Yanjun Sun; Xiangzhao Meng; Liwen Jin. Energy Efficient Indirect Evaporative Air Cooling. Advanced Cooling Technologies and Applications 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Xin Cui, Xiaohu Yang, Yanjun Sun, Xiangzhao Meng, Liwen Jin. Energy Efficient Indirect Evaporative Air Cooling. Advanced Cooling Technologies and Applications. 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xin Cui; Xiaohu Yang; Yanjun Sun; Xiangzhao Meng; Liwen Jin. 2019. "Energy Efficient Indirect Evaporative Air Cooling." Advanced Cooling Technologies and Applications , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 19 November 2018 in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Solubilities were measured for five lithium salts (LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiPF6, and LiTFSI) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([BMIM][N(CN)2]) and in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) from 298.15 to 343.15 K under atmospheric pressure. Measurements were made using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Solubilities increase with rising temperature. The highest solubility is for LiPF6, followed by LiTFSI, LiBr, LiCl, and LiF. In both ionic liquids, LiF is essentially insoluble. A comparison of the solubilities of the same salts in different [BMIM]-based ILs shows that the solubility order is [BMIM][OTf] < [BMIM][BF4] < [BMIM][N(CN)2]. The new data were correlated by the Margules equation where the standard state for the salt’s activity coefficient is the hypothetical pure liquid salt. Estimates are given for total enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of dissolution.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Nan Xin; John M. Prausnitz. Solubilities of Five Lithium Salts in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Dicyanamide and in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate from 298.15 to 343.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Nan Xin, John M. Prausnitz. Solubilities of Five Lithium Salts in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Dicyanamide and in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate from 298.15 to 343.15 K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Nan Xin; John M. Prausnitz. 2018. "Solubilities of Five Lithium Salts in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Dicyanamide and in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate from 298.15 to 343.15 K." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
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For DMSO, PC and PC/DMC, surface tensions increase by adding LiClO or LiPF but decrease upon addition of LiTFSI. For DMC, the lithium salts have little impact on the surface tensions. For each solvent, contact angles and adhesion energies follow the same trend as those for surface tensions. The TFSI- anion reduces the surface tension of the solvent, favoring good wettability of the separator. The optimal surface tension for wettability of Celgard 2500 is at or below 26.1 mN/m.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Clayton J. Radke; Bryan D. McCloskey; John M. Prausnitz. Wetting behavior of four polar organic solvents containing one of three lithium salts on a lithium-ion-battery separator. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2018, 529, 582 -587.

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Clayton J. Radke, Bryan D. McCloskey, John M. Prausnitz. Wetting behavior of four polar organic solvents containing one of three lithium salts on a lithium-ion-battery separator. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2018; 529 ():582-587.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Clayton J. Radke; Bryan D. McCloskey; John M. Prausnitz. 2018. "Wetting behavior of four polar organic solvents containing one of three lithium salts on a lithium-ion-battery separator." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 529, no. : 582-587.

Research article
Published: 15 June 2018 in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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The thermodynamic properties of a working-fluid pair, composed of a refrigerant and an absorbent, greatly influence the performance of an absorption–refrigeration cycle. Particularly important is the solubility of the vaporized refrigerant in the absorbent. Using an isochoric saturation method, solubilities were measured for trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Hmim][PF6]), and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Omim][PF6]) from 283.15 to 343.15 K. Solubilities rise with a decrease in temperature and an increase in pressure. The highest solubility is in [Omim][PF6], followed by [Hmim][PF6], and [Bmim][PF6]. The new data were correlated by the nonrandom two-liquid model and by the Krichevsky–Ilinskays equation; both provide good agreement with the experimental data. Estimates were given for total enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of dissolution.

ACS Style

Yanjun Sun; Yao Zhang; Gaolei Di; Xiaopo Wang; John M. Prausnitz; Liwen Jin. Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for R1234ze(E) and Three Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Working Pairs in Absorption–Refrigeration Cycle. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2018, 63, 3053 -3060.

AMA Style

Yanjun Sun, Yao Zhang, Gaolei Di, Xiaopo Wang, John M. Prausnitz, Liwen Jin. Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for R1234ze(E) and Three Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Working Pairs in Absorption–Refrigeration Cycle. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2018; 63 (8):3053-3060.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjun Sun; Yao Zhang; Gaolei Di; Xiaopo Wang; John M. Prausnitz; Liwen Jin. 2018. "Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for R1234ze(E) and Three Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Working Pairs in Absorption–Refrigeration Cycle." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 63, no. 8: 3053-3060.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Fluid Phase Equilibria
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Solubilities were measured from 25 to 45 °C for six lithium salts (LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiNO3, LiTFSI and LiPF6) in five pure non–aqueous solvents (ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene carbonate) and in a few of their binary mixtures (ethanol + DMSO, DMC + DMSO and DMC + PC). The experimental method uses a Varian inductively–coupled plasma–optical–emission spectrometer (ICP–OES). Solubilities increase with rising temperature. At a given temperature, LiNO3 shows the highest solubility in all solvents. Salt solubilities follow the order LiNO3 > LiTFSI > LiBr > LiCl > LiPF6 > LiF. The dissolving abilities of the solvents are in the order ethanol > DMSO > acetonitrile > PC > DMC. Coupled with the salt's melting temperature and enthalpy of fusion, liquid–phase activity coefficients for salts were obtained from the solubility data.

ACS Style

Nan Xin; Yanjun Sun; Maogang He; Clayton J. Radke; John M. Prausnitz. Solubilities of six lithium salts in five non-aqueous solvents and in a few of their binary mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilibria 2018, 461, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Nan Xin, Yanjun Sun, Maogang He, Clayton J. Radke, John M. Prausnitz. Solubilities of six lithium salts in five non-aqueous solvents and in a few of their binary mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2018; 461 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nan Xin; Yanjun Sun; Maogang He; Clayton J. Radke; John M. Prausnitz. 2018. "Solubilities of six lithium salts in five non-aqueous solvents and in a few of their binary mixtures." Fluid Phase Equilibria 461, no. : 1-7.