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The northeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is one of the richest plant biodiversity areas in Turkey. This study describes some important tree and fruit characteristics of 20 seed-propagated summer apple genotypes from northeastern Anatolia using morphological and biochemical markers. The genotypes were evaluated morphologically for tree growth habit, ripening date, fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit taste, juiciness and aroma. The biochemical characteristics measured were organic acids, SSC (soluble solid content), titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. We found significant differences for most of the morphological and biochemical characteristics. The genotypes exhibited quite diverse harvest dates ranging from 4 July to 16 August. Summer apple genotypes had fruit weight between 101.9 g and 133.5 g. The genotypes had diverse fruit shapes, including round, conic and oblate, and over fruit colours such as pink, red, yellow and green. Genotypes GUM7 and GUM13 stood out for fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. GUM7 and GUM13 present dissimilarity from the other genotypes. While the first showed a lower average fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, the second revealed higher average of fruit weight, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and higher SSC. Due to their favorable characteristics, GUM13 can be used for further crosses with genotypes of other groups, which also present favorable characteristics.
Neva Karatas; Sezai Ercisli; Mehmet Bozhuyuk; Ozlem Cakir; Tomas Necas; Ivo Ondrasek. Seed-Propagated Summer Apples: Great Morphological and Biochemical Diversity. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8359 .
AMA StyleNeva Karatas, Sezai Ercisli, Mehmet Bozhuyuk, Ozlem Cakir, Tomas Necas, Ivo Ondrasek. Seed-Propagated Summer Apples: Great Morphological and Biochemical Diversity. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeva Karatas; Sezai Ercisli; Mehmet Bozhuyuk; Ozlem Cakir; Tomas Necas; Ivo Ondrasek. 2021. "Seed-Propagated Summer Apples: Great Morphological and Biochemical Diversity." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8359.
The Rosa is one of the most diverse genera in the plant kingdom and, in particular, its fruits have been used for multiple purposes in different parts of the world for centuries. Within the genus, Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis are, economically, the most important species and dominate Rosa fruit production. In this study, some important fruit and shrub traits of ten Rosa canina and ten Rosa dumalis ecotypes collected from rural areas of Kars province, located in the east Anatolia region of Turkey were investigated. We found significant differences among ecotypes in most of the morphological and biochemical traits. The ecotypes were found between 1446–2210 m altitude. Fruit weight and fruit flesh ratio ranged from 2.95 g to 4.72 g and 62.55% to 74.42%, respectively. SSC (Soluble Solid Content), Vitamin C, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin content of the ecotypes ranged from 16.9–22.7%, 430–690 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 390–532 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, 0.88–2.04 mg per g FW, 6.83–15.17 mg per g FW and 3.62–7.81 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per kg, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined to be between 19.7–34.7 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per g fresh weight. Rosa ecotypes contained chlorogenic acid and rutin the most as phenolic compound. Our results indicated great diversity within both R. canina and R. dumalis fruits.
Mehmet Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Neva Karatas; Halina Ekiert; Hosam Elansary; Agnieszka Szopa. Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8060 .
AMA StyleMehmet Bozhuyuk, Sezai Ercisli, Neva Karatas, Halina Ekiert, Hosam Elansary, Agnieszka Szopa. Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):8060.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehmet Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Neva Karatas; Halina Ekiert; Hosam Elansary; Agnieszka Szopa. 2021. "Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 8060.
Turkey has great ecological, topological and geographical diversity within the country and this diversity has contributed not only to a high genetic diversity, but has also allowed the successful introduction and cultivation of a great number of fruit tree taxa. Turkey is also known to have a great richness of wild edible fruits with regard to variety and biological diversity. Rowanberry or mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is one of the wild edible fruits naturally found most parts of Turkey. Present study describes morphological (tree growth habit, fruit color) and biochemical fruit traits (vitamin C, organic acids, specific sugars, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, total antioxidant capacity) of 17 seed propagated rowanberry genotypes. We found significant differences among almost all studied parameters. The genotypes had diverse L, chroma and hue values, which found between 28.76-42.38%; 24.11-29.45% and 33.13-42.66%, respectively. Among sugars and organic acids, Glucose and Malic acid were dominant in rowanberry fruits, respectively. Total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, vitamin C and antioxidant activity varied from 123-189 mg GAE per 100 g, 18-57 mg per 100 g, 25.6-40.2 mg per 100 g and 3.36-6.92 mM trolox equivalent per 100 g of fresh weight (FW) basis. Results suggest using rowanberry fruits in production of functional foods with high biologically active properties.
Mehmet Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Rayda Ayed; Tunde Jurikova; Hafize Fidan; Gulce Ilhan; Gursel Ozkan; Halil Sagbas. Compositional diversity in fruits of rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) genotypes originating from seeds. Genetika 2020, 52, 55 -65.
AMA StyleMehmet Bozhuyuk, Sezai Ercisli, Rayda Ayed, Tunde Jurikova, Hafize Fidan, Gulce Ilhan, Gursel Ozkan, Halil Sagbas. Compositional diversity in fruits of rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) genotypes originating from seeds. Genetika. 2020; 52 (1):55-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehmet Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Rayda Ayed; Tunde Jurikova; Hafize Fidan; Gulce Ilhan; Gursel Ozkan; Halil Sagbas. 2020. "Compositional diversity in fruits of rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) genotypes originating from seeds." Genetika 52, no. 1: 55-65.
Some important physicochemical and bioactive characteristics of disease free 10 wild grown bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) accessions were evaluated. External and internal fruit quality was assessed by standard parameters (fruit weight, fruit color, fruit firmness, soluble solids, pH and total acidity) and bioactive contents (total phenolics, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity and, vitamin C) in fruit were also determined. The commercial grown northern higbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Bluecrop also included in the study to make comparision with bilberry samples. The highbush blueberry cv. Bluecrop had distinctive external fruit characteristics, such as bigger and more attractive fruits. However, the wild grown bilberry accessions showed interesting characters in mesocarp, such as high total phenolic content, total anthocyanin and total antioxidant capacity. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content was 327 mg gallic acid equivalent and 142 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruit in cv. Bluecrop while it was between 576–624 mg gallic acid equaivalent and 296–324 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruits of bilberry accessions. Moreover, wild accessions approximately had 2 folds higher antioxidant capacity than cv. Bluecrop. Results suggested that bilberry accessions may serve as a source of desirable genes to develop improved varieties that respond to the new needs of the market. Einige wichtige physikalisch-chemische und bioaktive Merkmale 10 krankheitsfreier Akzessionen wildwachsender Heidelbeeren (Vaccinium myrtillus) wurden beurteilt. Die externe und interne Fruchtqualität wurde anhand von Standardparametern (Fruchtgewicht, Fruchtfarbe, Fruchtfestigkeit, lösliche Feststoffe, pH und Gesamtsäuregehalt) bewertet und der bioaktive Gehalt (Gesamtphenolgehalt, Gesamtanthocyangehalt, die antioxidative Kapazität insgesamt, Vitamin C) wurde ebenfalls bestimmt. Die kommerziell angebaute Kulturheidelbeere Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Bluecrop wurde ebenfalls in die Studie aufgenommen, um diese mit den Proben der wilden Heidelbeere zu vergleichen. Die Kulturheidelbeere cv. Bluecrop zeigte distinktive äußere Fruchtmerkmale wie größere und attraktivere Früchte. Die Akzessionen der wilden Heidelbeere zeigten jedoch interessante Merkmale des Mesokarps, wie einen hohen Gesamtphenolgehalt, einen hohen Gesamtanthocyangehalt und eine hohe antioxidative Kapazität. Der Gesamtphenol- und -anthocyangehalt lag bei 100 g frischer Früchte der Kultursorte Bluecrop bei 327 mg Gallussäure-Äquivalent und 142 mg Cyanidin-3-Glucosid-Äquivalent, bei 100 g der Akzessionen frischer Wildheidelbeeren bei 576–624 mg Gallussäure-Äquivalent und 296–324 mg Cyanidin-3-Glucosid-Äquivalent. Zudem hatten die Akzessionen der Wildpflanzen eine etwa doppelt so hohe antioxidative Kapazität wie die Kultursorte Bluecrop. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Wildheidelbeeren als Quelle erwünschter Gene zur Entwicklung verbesserter Sorten dienen können, die neuen Anforderungen des Marktes entsprechen.
Aysen Melda Colak; Muhammed Kupe; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Muttalip Gundogdu. Identification of some Fruit Characteristics in Wild Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Accessions from Eastern Anatolia. Gesunde Pflanzen 2017, 70, 31 -38.
AMA StyleAysen Melda Colak, Muhammed Kupe, Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk, Sezai Ercisli, Muttalip Gundogdu. Identification of some Fruit Characteristics in Wild Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Accessions from Eastern Anatolia. Gesunde Pflanzen. 2017; 70 (1):31-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAysen Melda Colak; Muhammed Kupe; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Muttalip Gundogdu. 2017. "Identification of some Fruit Characteristics in Wild Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Accessions from Eastern Anatolia." Gesunde Pflanzen 70, no. 1: 31-38.
In present study, fruit weight, fruit firmness, external fruit color, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity of eight wild bilberry grown in Coruh valley in northeastern Turkey were determined. The blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ is also included study to make comparison with bilberry genotypes. Antioxidant activity of bilberry and blueberry fruits were comparatively assessed by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay. Significantly higher content of phenolics and anthocyanins was found in bilberry fruits than in blueberry fruits. However blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ exhibited higher fruit weight and vitamin C content than bilberry fruits. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content was 327 mg gallic acid equivalent and 142 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruit in cv. ‘Bluecrop’ while it was between 492-563 mg gallic acid equaivalent and 307-342 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruits of bilberry accessions. Moreover, wild accessions approximately had 2-3 folds higher antioxidant capacity than cv. ‘Bluecrop’. Results suggest the possibility of improving the bioactive and antioxidant properties of bilberry cultivars based food products by using wild ones in cross breeding. It was also concluded that genotypes significantly affect their bioactive content and consequently the possibility of using wild bilberry fruits as a potential source of natural antioxidants in food industry.
Ferit Celik; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Muttalip Gundogdu. Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2017, 46, 128 -133.
AMA StyleFerit Celik, Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk, Sezai Ercisli, Muttalip Gundogdu. Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2017; 46 (1):128-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerit Celik; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Muttalip Gundogdu. 2017. "Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 1: 128-133.
Turkey ranked third place in the world for chestnut production after China and Bolivia and the country has unique chestnut populations including valuable and diverse seed propagated chestnut genotypes. In this study, chestnuts (Castanea sativa) were collected during the 2016 harvest season from Northeastern part of Turkey from promising 12 different seedling origin genotypes. Tree growth habit, nut weight, kernel ratio, kernel color, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, dietary fiber, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity and fatty acid content of fruits belongs to 12 genotypes were determined. The results showed that, the majority of genotypes had semi upright tree growth habit. The nut weight and kernel ratio were between 5.05 g (K-10) and 10.10 g (K-5) and 71.10% (K-1) and 82.44% (K-3) among genotypes. The total crude fat content ranged from 0.87% (K-7) to 2.61% (K-1) while the crude protein ranged from 4.80% (K-7) to 7.65% (K-1). The dietary fiber content made up no more than 3.61% of the remaining portion of the kernel. It was found that total polyphenols was between 1.66 and 2.70 g GAE/kg and antioxidant activity was between 5.80 and 9.07 μmol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight basis. Oleic and linoleic acid were the major fatty acids in all chestnut fruits and followed by palmitic and linolenic acid. The results showed that there was enough variations among seed propagated chestnut genotypes for most of the searched parameters and this highlights the importance of conserving the genotypes, as their high levels of heterogeneity allow them to respond to abiotic and biotic stresses and adapt to low-input farming systems.
Mustafa Akbulut; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Azra Skender; Karim Sorkheh. Chemical Composition of Seed Propagated Chestnut Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2017, 45, 425 -430.
AMA StyleMustafa Akbulut, Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk, Sezai Ercisli, Azra Skender, Karim Sorkheh. Chemical Composition of Seed Propagated Chestnut Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2017; 45 (2):425-430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMustafa Akbulut; Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk; Sezai Ercisli; Azra Skender; Karim Sorkheh. 2017. "Chemical Composition of Seed Propagated Chestnut Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 45, no. 2: 425-430.