This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Dimitris Vlastos
Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Genetic toxicology
0 Environmental mutagenesis
0 cytotoxic assays
0 Genotoxicology and mutagenesis
0 antigenotoxicity

Fingerprints

antigenotoxicity

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

Dimitris Vlastos is an Associate Professor at the Department of Environmental Engineering of the University of Patras in the field of Environmental Mutagenesis. He received his bachelor's degree and his PhD from the Department of Biology, University of Patras. His research is focused on the: (a) in vitro and in vivo genotoxicological studies with emphasis on potentially harmful anthropogenic and environmental factors such as pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, pesticides, nanomaterials, and electromagnetic fields which can affect the ecosystem stability, the organisms and the human health (b) human occupational exposure in chemical environments (c) evaluation of antigenotoxicity of plant substances for prevention of mutation related effects and (d) potential genotoxicity of intermediate products generated during the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). He has co-authored over 115 scientific publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals with impact factor (45) and conference proceedings (72) in the above research areas. He has been participating in national and international research projects and has served as a reviewer for more than 20 scientific journals. He has more than 15 years of teaching experience in several undergraduate and postgraduate courses such as Environmental Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Genetics, General Biology, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Pollution.

Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2021 in Toxics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Considering that electronic wastes (e-wastes) have been recently recognized as a potent environmental and human threat, the present study aimed to assess the potential risk of personal computer motherboards (PCMBs) leaching into aquatic media, following a real-life scenario. Specifically, PCMBs were submerged for 30 days in both distilled water (DW) and artificial seawater (ASW). Afterwards, PCMBs leachates were chemically characterized (i.e., total organic carbon, ions, and trace elements) and finally used (a) for culturing freshwater (Chlorococcum sp. and Scenedesmus rubescens) and saltwater (Dunaliella tertiolecta and Tisochrysis lutea) microalgae for 10 days (240 h), (b) as the exposure medium for mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (96 h exposure), and (c) for performing the Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human lymphocytes cultures. According to the results, PCMBs could mediate both fresh- and marine algae growth rates over time, thus enhancing the cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic effects in the hemocytes of mussels (in terms of lysosomal membrane impairment, lipid peroxidation, and NO content and micronuclei formation, respectively), as well as human lymphocytes (in terms of MN formation and CBPI values, respectively). The current findings clearly revealed that PCMBs leaching into the aquatic media could pose detrimental effects on both aquatic organisms and human cells.

ACS Style

Georgios Kalamaras; Maria Kloukinioti; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioanna Ntaikou; Dimitris Vlastos; Antonios Eleftherianos; Stefanos Dailianis. The Potential Risk of Electronic Waste Disposal into Aquatic Media: The Case of Personal Computer Motherboards. Toxics 2021, 9, 166 .

AMA Style

Georgios Kalamaras, Maria Kloukinioti, Maria Antonopoulou, Ioanna Ntaikou, Dimitris Vlastos, Antonios Eleftherianos, Stefanos Dailianis. The Potential Risk of Electronic Waste Disposal into Aquatic Media: The Case of Personal Computer Motherboards. Toxics. 2021; 9 (7):166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Kalamaras; Maria Kloukinioti; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioanna Ntaikou; Dimitris Vlastos; Antonios Eleftherianos; Stefanos Dailianis. 2021. "The Potential Risk of Electronic Waste Disposal into Aquatic Media: The Case of Personal Computer Motherboards." Toxics 9, no. 7: 166.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

We have recently reported significant associations between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and alterations on genome-wide methylation of leukocyte DNA of healthy volunteers and provided evidence in support of an etiological link between the observed CpG methylation variations and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of PCB in human lymphocytes’ methylome in vitro. Therefore, U937 cells and human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were exposed in vitro to the dioxin-like PCB-118, the non-dioxin-like PCB-153, and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and thorough cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and global CpG methylation analyses were performed. All compounds currently tested did not show any consistent significant genotoxicity at all exposure periods and concentrations used. On the contrary, extensive dose-dependent hypomethylation was observed, even at low concentrations, in stimulated PBMC treated with PCB-118 and PCB-153 as well as a small but statistically significant hypomethylation in HCB-treated stimulated cells.

ACS Style

Maria-Sofia Vidali; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitris Vlastos; Panagiotis Georgiadis. PCB cause global DNA hypomethylation of human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2021, 87, 103696 .

AMA Style

Maria-Sofia Vidali, Stefanos Dailianis, Dimitris Vlastos, Panagiotis Georgiadis. PCB cause global DNA hypomethylation of human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2021; 87 ():103696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria-Sofia Vidali; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitris Vlastos; Panagiotis Georgiadis. 2021. "PCB cause global DNA hypomethylation of human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro." Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 87, no. : 103696.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study investigates the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of custom-made nanoparticles (NPs) on hemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis, utilizing hemolymph serum (HS) as exposure medium. Specifically, hemocyte lysosomal membrane destabilization (in terms of neutral red retention time assay/NRRT), superoxide anion (O2−), nitric oxide (NO, in terms of nitrites) and lipid peroxidation content (in terms of malondialdehyde/MDA equivalents) were determined in cells treated for 1 h with different concentrations (0.1–50 μg mL−1) of ZnO NPs, Ag NPs and ZnO-Ag NPs, as well as AgNO3 and/or ZnCl2 (bulk ions, respectively). According to the results, Ag NPs were more cytotoxic than ZnO-Ag NPs and/or ZnO NPs, while NRRT values observed in AgNO3 treated cells were lower than those of ZnCl2. Furthermore, high levels of both O2− and MDA were detected in cells treated with Ag NPs, ZnO-Ag NPs, and AgNO3 at concentrations lower than 5 μg mL−1, while high NO generation was observed only in cells treated with 5–25 μg mL−1 of ZnO NPs or ZnCl2. Despite the absence of data, regarding the formation of NP-serum protein corona complexes that could mediate NP surface energy and uptake efficiency, the current study firstly revealed that ZnO NPs, probably via their surface charge, particle agglomeration, and NP Zn+ release could promote an immune-related generation of O2− and NO via the respiratory burst stimulation, a process that is questioned in the case of Ag NPs and/or ZnO-Ag NPs. Moreover, ZnO-Ag NP interaction with biological membranes and their oxidative mode of action seemed to be regulated by the release and the antagonistic/synergistic response of its ionic counterparts (ZnO+ and Ag+), but further studies are needed to elucidate the oxidative mode of action of NP metal ions in complex NP mixtures.

ACS Style

Ioanna Efthimiou; Georgios Kalamaras; Katerina Papavasileiou; Natalia Anastasi-Papathanasi; Yiannis Georgiou; Stefanos Dailianis; Yiannis Deligiannakis; Dimitris Vlastos. ZnO, Ag and ZnO-Ag nanoparticles exhibit differential modes of toxic and oxidative action in hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 767, 144699 .

AMA Style

Ioanna Efthimiou, Georgios Kalamaras, Katerina Papavasileiou, Natalia Anastasi-Papathanasi, Yiannis Georgiou, Stefanos Dailianis, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Dimitris Vlastos. ZnO, Ag and ZnO-Ag nanoparticles exhibit differential modes of toxic and oxidative action in hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 767 ():144699.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioanna Efthimiou; Georgios Kalamaras; Katerina Papavasileiou; Natalia Anastasi-Papathanasi; Yiannis Georgiou; Stefanos Dailianis; Yiannis Deligiannakis; Dimitris Vlastos. 2021. "ZnO, Ag and ZnO-Ag nanoparticles exhibit differential modes of toxic and oxidative action in hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis." Science of The Total Environment 767, no. : 144699.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2020 in Environmental Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study aims at evaluating potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects caused by the occupational exposure of farmers to pesticide mixtures in the Aitoloakarnania Prefecture (Greece). The aforementioned assessment was conducted through in vivo Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus assay (CBMN assay) in peripheral blood lymphocytes, in relation to chemical analysis of pesticide residues in blood samples. The exposure of the farmers' population studied to different combinations of pesticides induced significant differences in the frequencies of micronuclei (MN) compared to those of the control group. Furthermore, our results indicated a possible clastogenic and aneugenic effect of pesticides on the genetic material of the farmers exposed. Five pesticides (trifluralin, chlorpyriphos methyl, metolachlor, fenthion and dimethoate) and three metabolites (fenthion sulfone, fenthion sulfoxide and 4,4′ DDE) were detected in the 62.5% of blood samples, with mean concentrations ranging from 0.4 ng/ml to 48 ng/ml. Since the farmers studied probably exhibit detectable levels of systematic exposure to the pesticides applied, continuous educational programs focused on the rational and safe use of pesticides, together with implementation of risk communication strategies among farmers are highly recommended.

ACS Style

H. Moshou; A. Karakitsou; F. Yfanti; D. Hela; D. Vlastos; A.K. Paschalidou; P. Kassomenos; I. Petrou. Assessment of genetic effects and pesticide exposure of farmers in NW Greece. Environmental Research 2020, 186, 109558 .

AMA Style

H. Moshou, A. Karakitsou, F. Yfanti, D. Hela, D. Vlastos, A.K. Paschalidou, P. Kassomenos, I. Petrou. Assessment of genetic effects and pesticide exposure of farmers in NW Greece. Environmental Research. 2020; 186 ():109558.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Moshou; A. Karakitsou; F. Yfanti; D. Hela; D. Vlastos; A.K. Paschalidou; P. Kassomenos; I. Petrou. 2020. "Assessment of genetic effects and pesticide exposure of farmers in NW Greece." Environmental Research 186, no. : 109558.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study investigates the potential cyto-genotoxic effects of model zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on human lymphocytes, with and/or without humic acids (HAs). Two types of HAs were studied, a natural well-characterized leonardite HA (LHA) and its synthetic-model, a humic-acid-like-polycondensate (HALP). The Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assay was applied in cell cultures treated with different concentrations of ZnO NPs (0.5, 5, 10, 20 μg mL−1) and under different concentrations of either HALP or LHA (ZnO NPs-HALP and ZnO NPs-LHA, at concentrations of 0.5–0.8, 5–8, 10–16, 20–32 and 0.5–2, 5–20, 10–40, 20–80 μg mL−1, respectively). According to the results, ZnO NPs lacked genotoxicity but demonstrated cytotoxic potential. Binary mixtures of ZnO NPs-HAs (ZnO NPs-HALP or ZnO NPs-LHA) showed negligible alterations of micronuclei (MN) formation in challenged cells, with cytotoxic effects revealed only in case of cells treated with ZnO NPs-LHA at the concentration 5–20 μg mL−1. Furthermore, no genotoxic phenomena were exerted neither by the ZnO NPs nor from their mixtures with HAs. These findings indicate [i] the cytotoxic activity of used ZnO NPs on human lymphocytes, and [ii] reveal the protective role of HAs against ZnO NPs mediated cytotoxicity.

ACS Style

Ioanna Efthimiou; Yiannis Georgiou; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis; Yiannis Deligiannakis. Assessing the cyto-genotoxic potential of model zinc oxide nanoparticles in the presence of humic-acid-like-polycondensate (HALP) and the leonardite HA (LHA). Science of The Total Environment 2020, 721, 137625 .

AMA Style

Ioanna Efthimiou, Yiannis Georgiou, Dimitris Vlastos, Stefanos Dailianis, Yiannis Deligiannakis. Assessing the cyto-genotoxic potential of model zinc oxide nanoparticles in the presence of humic-acid-like-polycondensate (HALP) and the leonardite HA (LHA). Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 721 ():137625.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioanna Efthimiou; Yiannis Georgiou; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis; Yiannis Deligiannakis. 2020. "Assessing the cyto-genotoxic potential of model zinc oxide nanoparticles in the presence of humic-acid-like-polycondensate (HALP) and the leonardite HA (LHA)." Science of The Total Environment 721, no. : 137625.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Tramadol (TRA) is a widely used human pharmaceutical and a well-established emerging pollutant and its potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on humans as well as its fate in aqueous systems demand full investigation. The present study is a multidisciplinary approach and provides important insights on the potential risks of Tramadol on humans accompanied by its photolytic transformation under simulated solar irradiation. The present study revealed that Tramadol can induce genotoxic and cytotoxic effects under the specific experimental conditions, significantly depended on the tested concentration. In addition, the photolytic transformation of Tramadol was investigated in detail under simulated solar irradiation in two different water matrices: ultrapure water (UW) and treated wastewater (WW). Differences in the degradation rates were observed between UW and WW, being slower in WW. The results showed that more than 70% of Tramadol was removed after 240 min in UW ([TRA] = 10 mg L−1, I = 500 W m−2). After this period, TOC removal was found to be about 40%. Transformation of N atoms into NO3− and NH4+ followed a similar trend reaching up to 38% release. Τramadol degraded mainly by HO radicals and 1O2 through a self-sensitizing process while direct photolysis was also significant. Hydroxylation, demethylation and N-oxidation of the parent compound were found to be the main degradation pathways confirming the important role of HO and 1O2 in the photolytic process. Toxicity measurements showed a noticeable increase of the inhibition for Vibrio fischeri at the first stages which coincide with the formation of the major TPs.

ACS Style

Μaria Αntonopoulou; Angeliki Thoma; Foteini Konstantinou; Dimitris Vlastos; Dimitra Hela. Assessing the human risk and the environmental fate of pharmaceutical Tramadol. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 710, 135396 .

AMA Style

Μaria Αntonopoulou, Angeliki Thoma, Foteini Konstantinou, Dimitris Vlastos, Dimitra Hela. Assessing the human risk and the environmental fate of pharmaceutical Tramadol. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 710 ():135396.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Μaria Αntonopoulou; Angeliki Thoma; Foteini Konstantinou; Dimitris Vlastos; Dimitra Hela. 2019. "Assessing the human risk and the environmental fate of pharmaceutical Tramadol." Science of The Total Environment 710, no. : 135396.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2018 in Scientific Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Chios mastic products are well-known for their broad applications in food industry, cosmetics, and healthcare since the antiquity. Given our recent finding that Chios mastic water (CMW) exerts antigenotoxic action, in the present study, we evaluated the genotoxic as well as the antigenotoxic potential of the four major compounds of CMW, namely, verbenone, α-terpineol, linalool, and trans-pinocarveol. The cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in cultured human lymphocytes and the Drosophila Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART), also known as the wing spot test, were employed. None of the four major CMW’s constituents or their mixtures showed genotoxic or recombinogenic activity in either of the assays used. Co-treatment of each of the constituents with MMC revealed that all except trans-pinocarveol exerted antigenotoxic potential. Moreover, co-administration of verbenone with linalool or α-terpineol presented statistically significant reduction of MMC-induced mutagenicity. In conclusion, the major CMW constituents were shown to be free of genotoxic effects, while some exerted antigenotoxic activity either alone or in combinations, suggesting synergistic phenomena. Our results provide evidence on the key antigenotoxicity effectors of the plant extract CMW.

ACS Style

Elena Drosopoulou; Dimitris Vlastos; Ioanna Efthimiou; Paraskevi Kyrizaki; Sofia Tsamadou; Maria Anagnostopoulou; Danai Kofidou; Maxim Gavriilidis; Despoina Mademtzoglou; Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of the major Chios mastic water constituents. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 12200 .

AMA Style

Elena Drosopoulou, Dimitris Vlastos, Ioanna Efthimiou, Paraskevi Kyrizaki, Sofia Tsamadou, Maria Anagnostopoulou, Danai Kofidou, Maxim Gavriilidis, Despoina Mademtzoglou, Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of the major Chios mastic water constituents. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):12200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elena Drosopoulou; Dimitris Vlastos; Ioanna Efthimiou; Paraskevi Kyrizaki; Sofia Tsamadou; Maria Anagnostopoulou; Danai Kofidou; Maxim Gavriilidis; Despoina Mademtzoglou; Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. 2018. "In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of the major Chios mastic water constituents." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 12200.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Considering the necessity to monitor rainwater quality and the limited existing data regarding wet precipitations' toxic potential, the toxic potential of rainwater (RW) samples collected in three cities of Western Greece (Corfu, Agrinion and Patras) during May, October, November, and December of 2014 were investigated. The relationship of the adverse effects obtained, against cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) and Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence (Microtox) assays with the physicochemical characteristics, the heavy metal concentration levels of rainwater samples and the meteorological parameters governing the climatic conditions in each region, were studied in detail. All samples showed pH values in the range of 5.37–7.17, high concentrations of ΝΗ4+ and the presence of SO42− and NO3−. The metals Al, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sb, Cd, were detected in most of the samples, with maximum concentrations ranging from 0.16 μg L−1 (for Co) to 86.6 μg L−1 (for Fe). The CBMN assay showed statistically significant rainwater cytotoxic activity at 5% (v/v) concentration in all cities during all months studied and at 10% (v/v) in Agrinion and Corfu in May. No genotoxic effect was induced at 5% (v/v) concentration of rainwater, except for Corfu city during November, whereas 10% (v/v) of rainwater led to statistically significant increase in micronuclei frequencies in all three cities. The highest (100%) and the lowest (14%) inhibitory effect exhibited by the rainwater in the Vibrio test were noticed at Corfu city during May and December, respectively. Considering the inter-relations obtained among the abiotic and biotic variables measured in all cases, conductivity, SO42−, NH4+, and total metal burden could be related with both CBMN and Microtox assays data, regardless of the site- and month-specific differences. The multidisciplinary approach presented here showed that the physicochemical profile of rainwater precipitation could be significantly related with the induction of adverse effects on biota.

ACS Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Antonopoulou; Alexia Lavranou; Ioanna Efthimiou; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitra Hela; Dimitra Lambropoulou; Anastasia K. Paschalidou; Pavlos Kassomenos. Assessment of the toxic potential of rainwater precipitation: First evidence from a case study in three Greek cities. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 648, 1323 -1332.

AMA Style

Dimitris Vlastos, Maria Antonopoulou, Alexia Lavranou, Ioanna Efthimiou, Stefanos Dailianis, Dimitra Hela, Dimitra Lambropoulou, Anastasia K. Paschalidou, Pavlos Kassomenos. Assessment of the toxic potential of rainwater precipitation: First evidence from a case study in three Greek cities. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 648 ():1323-1332.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Antonopoulou; Alexia Lavranou; Ioanna Efthimiou; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitra Hela; Dimitra Lambropoulou; Anastasia K. Paschalidou; Pavlos Kassomenos. 2018. "Assessment of the toxic potential of rainwater precipitation: First evidence from a case study in three Greek cities." Science of The Total Environment 648, no. : 1323-1332.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in Bioelectrochemistry
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The interaction of pesticides with environmental factors, such as pH, may result in alterations of their physicochemical properties and should be taken into consideration in regard to their classification. This study investigates the genotoxicity of methidathion and its alkaline hydrolysis by-products in cultured human lymphocytes, using the square-wave voltammetry (square wave-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (SW-AdCSV) technique) and the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN assay). According to the SW-AdCSV data the alkaline hydrolysis of methidathion results in two new molecules, one non-electro-active and a second electro-active which is more genotoxic than methidathion itself in cultured human lymphocytes, inducing higher micronuclei frequencies. The present study confirms the SW-AdCSV technique as a voltammetric method which can successfully simulates the electrodynamics of the cellular membrane.

ACS Style

Polychronis D. Stivaktakis; Evangelos Giannakopoulos; Dimitris Vlastos; Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. Determination of genotoxic effects of methidathion alkaline hydrolysis in human lymphocytes using the micronucleus assay and square-wave voltammetry. Bioelectrochemistry 2017, 113, 9 -14.

AMA Style

Polychronis D. Stivaktakis, Evangelos Giannakopoulos, Dimitris Vlastos, Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. Determination of genotoxic effects of methidathion alkaline hydrolysis in human lymphocytes using the micronucleus assay and square-wave voltammetry. Bioelectrochemistry. 2017; 113 ():9-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Polychronis D. Stivaktakis; Evangelos Giannakopoulos; Dimitris Vlastos; Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. 2017. "Determination of genotoxic effects of methidathion alkaline hydrolysis in human lymphocytes using the micronucleus assay and square-wave voltammetry." Bioelectrochemistry 113, no. : 9-14.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Lakes, representing major freshwater resources, play a crucial role for both humans and ecosystems. Based on the increasing international interest in the contamination of water resources by genotoxic compounds, the present study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of surface water samples collected from the five (5) lakes (Amvrakia, Lysimachia, Ozeros, Trichonida, Kastraki) located in Aitoloakarnania regional unit (Western Greece). The genotoxic potential of surface water samples was evaluated by employing the Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus (CBMN) assay in cultured human lymphocytes. In the former assay, lymphocytes were treated with 1, 2 and 5% (v/v) of surface water from each lake. Statistically significant differences (1.7 to 3.3 fold increase in MN frequencies vs. the control) were seen at the dose of 5% (v/v) in all studied lakes. At the dose of 2% (v/v) statistically significant differences (1.7 to 2.6 fold increase in MN frequencies vs. the control) were observed in all studied lakes except Trichonida lake. Finally, at the dose of 1% (v/v) statistically significant differences (2.3 and 2.5 fold increase in MN frequencies vs. the control) were observed in the Ozeros and Lysimachia lakes. The evaluation of the potential genotoxic effects and the analysis of the physicochemical parameters of lakes' surface water samples is a first step in our effort to evaluate the water quality, in terms of the presence and environmental/human risk of genotoxicants in the studied lake ecosystems. The present study showed for the first time the presence of genotoxic substances in surface waters of the studied lakes.

ACS Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis; Aggeliki Kindou; Maria Antonopoulou; Areti Gianni; Ierotheos Zacharias. Assessing the environmental/human risk of potential genotoxicants in water samples from lacustrine ecosystems: The case of lakes in Western Greece. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 574, 246 -252.

AMA Style

Dimitris Vlastos, Stefanos Dailianis, Aggeliki Kindou, Maria Antonopoulou, Areti Gianni, Ierotheos Zacharias. Assessing the environmental/human risk of potential genotoxicants in water samples from lacustrine ecosystems: The case of lakes in Western Greece. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 574 ():246-252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis; Aggeliki Kindou; Maria Antonopoulou; Areti Gianni; Ierotheos Zacharias. 2017. "Assessing the environmental/human risk of potential genotoxicants in water samples from lacustrine ecosystems: The case of lakes in Western Greece." Science of The Total Environment 574, no. : 246-252.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

2-Chloropyridine, an important precursor of the chemical industry is also a persistent water pollutant. The genotoxicity of photolytically treated 2-chloropyridine aqueous solution to human lymphocytes initially increases and fluctuates during treatment finally reaching the control values after prolonged treatment. Intermediate products formed were identified; a kinetic scheme for their formation is presented. To identify the source of genotoxicity variations and the potential in vitro effects on human lymphocytes of the partially photo-treated aqueous solution, the genotoxicity of four (the only) commercially available intermediates, i.e., 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 6-chloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid, 2,3-dichloropyridine and 2-pyridinecarbonitrile was measured; the obtained results were used for the reasoning on the variation of the solution genotoxic (including clastogenic as well as aneugenic) events and cytotoxic activity. It was found that 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 6-chloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid were highly genotoxic even at the very low concentration measured here. Thus, they likely had a significant contribution to the photolytically treated solution genotoxicity. 2,3-Dichloropyridine was found to be genotoxic but only at concentrations higher than the ones measured in this work. Thus, it was not likely to have contributed to the solution genotoxicity. Finally, at the concentrations measured in this work 2-pyridinecarbonitrile was found to be only cytotoxic.

ACS Style

Charalambos Skoutelis; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou; Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Papadaki. Photodegradation of 2-chloropyridine in aqueous solution: Reaction pathways and genotoxicity of intermediate products. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2017, 321, 753 -763.

AMA Style

Charalambos Skoutelis, Maria Antonopoulou, Ioannis Konstantinou, Dimitris Vlastos, Maria Papadaki. Photodegradation of 2-chloropyridine in aqueous solution: Reaction pathways and genotoxicity of intermediate products. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2017; 321 ():753-763.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Charalambos Skoutelis; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou; Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Papadaki. 2017. "Photodegradation of 2-chloropyridine in aqueous solution: Reaction pathways and genotoxicity of intermediate products." Journal of Hazardous Materials 321, no. : 753-763.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Aquatic Toxicology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study investigates the toxic behavior of diclofenac (DCF) before and after its ultrasound (US) treatment, as well as the involvement of intracellular target molecules, such as NADPH oxidase and NO synthase, in the DCF-induced adverse effects on hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. In this context, appropriate volumes (350 and 500mL) of DCF solutions (at concentrations of 2, 2.5, 5 and 10mgL(-1)) were treated under different ultrasound operating conditions (frequency at 582 and 862kHz, electric power density at 133 and 167W) for assessing US method efficiency. In parallel, DCF and US DCF-mediated cytotoxic (in terms of cell viability measured with the use of neutral red uptake/NRU method), oxidative (in terms of superoxide anions/(.)O2(-), nitric oxides such as NO2(-) and lipid peroxidation products, such as malondialdehyde/MDA content) and genotoxic (DNA damage measured by the use of Comet assay method) effects were investigated in hemocytes exposed for 1h to 5, 10 and 100ngL(-1) and 1, 10 and 20μgL(-1) of DCF. The involvement of NADPH oxidase and NO synthase to the DCF-induced toxicity was further investigated by the use of 10μΜ L-NAME, a NO synthase inhibitor and 10μΜ DPI, a NADPH oxidase inhibitor. According to the results, 350mL of 2mgL(-1) DCF showed higher degradation (>50%) under 167W electric power density and frequency at 862kHz for 120min, compared to degradation in all other cases, followed by a significant elimination of its toxicity. Specifically, US DCF-treated hemocytes showed a significant attenuation of DCF-mediated cytotoxic, oxidative and genotoxic effects, which appeared to be caused by NADPH oxidase and NO synthase activation, since their inhibition was followed by a significant elimination of (.)O2(-) and NO2(-) generation and the concomitant oxidative damage within cells. The results of the present study showed for the first time that unspecific mode of action of DCF, associated with the induction of NADPH oxidase and NO synthase in mussel hemocytes, could be significantly diminished after partial US degradation of DCF, at least under optimized operating conditions currently tested.

ACS Style

Eirini Toufexi; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitris Vlastos; Ioannis D. Manariotis. Mediated effect of ultrasound treated Diclofenac on mussel hemocytes: First evidence for the involvement of respiratory burst enzymes in the induction of DCF-mediated unspecific mode of action. Aquatic Toxicology 2016, 175, 144 -153.

AMA Style

Eirini Toufexi, Stefanos Dailianis, Dimitris Vlastos, Ioannis D. Manariotis. Mediated effect of ultrasound treated Diclofenac on mussel hemocytes: First evidence for the involvement of respiratory burst enzymes in the induction of DCF-mediated unspecific mode of action. Aquatic Toxicology. 2016; 175 ():144-153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eirini Toufexi; Stefanos Dailianis; Dimitris Vlastos; Ioannis D. Manariotis. 2016. "Mediated effect of ultrasound treated Diclofenac on mussel hemocytes: First evidence for the involvement of respiratory burst enzymes in the induction of DCF-mediated unspecific mode of action." Aquatic Toxicology 175, no. : 144-153.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Due to the extensive use of chlorophenols (CPs) in anthropogenic activities, 2-Chlorophenol (2-CP), among other CPs, can enter aquatic ecosystems and can be harmful to a variety of organisms, including bacteria, fish and humans, that are exposed directly and/or indirectly to such contaminated environments. Based on the existing knowledge and in order to move a step forward, the purpose of this study is to investigate the toxic and mainly the genotoxic effects of 2-CP using a combination of bioassays. The tests include the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and micronuclei induction in the erythrocytes of Carassius auratus as well as in cultured human lymphocytes. The results obtained reveal that 2-CP is able to induce dose-dependent toxic and genotoxic effects on the selected tested concentrations under the specific experimental conditions.

ACS Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou. Evaluation of toxicity and genotoxicity of 2-chlorophenol on bacteria, fish and human cells. Science of The Total Environment 2016, 551-552, 649 -655.

AMA Style

Dimitris Vlastos, Maria Antonopoulou, Ioannis Konstantinou. Evaluation of toxicity and genotoxicity of 2-chlorophenol on bacteria, fish and human cells. Science of The Total Environment. 2016; 551-552 ():649-655.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou. 2016. "Evaluation of toxicity and genotoxicity of 2-chlorophenol on bacteria, fish and human cells." Science of The Total Environment 551-552, no. : 649-655.

Journal article
Published: 15 September 2015 in Environmental Science: Nano
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Mixtures of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with natural humic acids or humic acid-like polycondensates were evaluated, for the first time, about their potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in cultured human lymphocytes. Mixtures of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with natural humic acids (Leonardite humic acid, LHA) or humic acid-like polycondensates (HALP) were evaluated, for the first time, about their potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in cultured human lymphocytes. The genotoxic evaluation of the tested materials, either separately or in combination, for the detection of micronuclei (MN) in the cytoplasm of interphase cells, was performed using the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. A comparative analysis of the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity reveals that in the tested concentrations, the [MWCNTs + LHA] mixture is more genotoxic and slightly more cytotoxic than the [MWCNTs + HALP] mixture. MN induction observed in human lymphocytes demonstrates that humic substances enhance the genotoxic effects of MWCNTs. In addition, the present data highlight a – so far unforeseen – potential genotoxic effect as the result of both clastogenic and aneugenic actions of the particular mixtures on human lymphocytes.

ACS Style

Maria-Sophia Vidali; Eleni Bletsa; Antonios Kouloumpis; Charalambos G. Skoutelis; Yiannis Deligiannakis; Dimitrios Gournis; Dimitris Vlastos. Induction of micronuclei by multi-walled carbon nanotubes interacting with humic acids in cultured human lymphocytes. Environmental Science: Nano 2015, 3, 74 -84.

AMA Style

Maria-Sophia Vidali, Eleni Bletsa, Antonios Kouloumpis, Charalambos G. Skoutelis, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Dimitrios Gournis, Dimitris Vlastos. Induction of micronuclei by multi-walled carbon nanotubes interacting with humic acids in cultured human lymphocytes. Environmental Science: Nano. 2015; 3 (1):74-84.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria-Sophia Vidali; Eleni Bletsa; Antonios Kouloumpis; Charalambos G. Skoutelis; Yiannis Deligiannakis; Dimitrios Gournis; Dimitris Vlastos. 2015. "Induction of micronuclei by multi-walled carbon nanotubes interacting with humic acids in cultured human lymphocytes." Environmental Science: Nano 3, no. 1: 74-84.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2015 in Aquatic Toxicology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The effects of olive mill wastewater (OMW) on a battery of biological assays, before and during the ozonation process, were investigated in order to assess ozone's efficiency in removing phenolic compounds from OMW and decreasing the concomitant OMW toxicity. Specifically, ozonated-OMW held for 0, 60, 120, 300, 420, 540min in a glass bubble reactor, showed a drastic reduction of OMW total phenols (almost 50%) after 300min of ozonation with a concomitant decrease of OMW toxicity. In particular, the acute toxicity test primarily performed in the fairy shrimp Thamnocephalus platyurus (Thamnotoxkit F™ screening toxicity test) showed a significant attenuation of OMW-induced toxic effects, after ozonation for a period of 120 and in a lesser extent 300min, while further treatment resulted in a significant enhancement of ozonated-OMW toxic effects. Furthermore, ozonated-OMW-treated mussel hemocytes showed a significant attenuation of the ability of OMW to cause cytotoxic (obtained by the use of NRRT assay) effects already after an ozonation period of 120 and to a lesser extent 300min. In accordance with the latter, OMW-mediated oxidative (enhanced levels of superoxide anions and lipid peroxidation by-products) and genotoxic (induction of DNA damage) effects were diminished after OMW ozonation for the aforementioned periods of time. The latter was also revealed by the use of cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human lymphocytes exposed to different concentrations of both raw- and ozonated-OMW for 60, 120 and 300min. Those findings revealed for a first time the existence of a critical time point during the OMW ozonation process that could be fundamentally used for evaluating OMW ozonation as a pretreatment method of OMW.

ACS Style

Sofia Siorou; Theodoros T. Vgenis; Margarita A. Dareioti; Maria-Sophia Vidali; Ioanna Efthimiou; Michael Kornaros; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis. Investigation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) ozonation efficiency with the use of a battery of selected ecotoxicity and human toxicity assays. Aquatic Toxicology 2015, 164, 135 -144.

AMA Style

Sofia Siorou, Theodoros T. Vgenis, Margarita A. Dareioti, Maria-Sophia Vidali, Ioanna Efthimiou, Michael Kornaros, Dimitris Vlastos, Stefanos Dailianis. Investigation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) ozonation efficiency with the use of a battery of selected ecotoxicity and human toxicity assays. Aquatic Toxicology. 2015; 164 ():135-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sofia Siorou; Theodoros T. Vgenis; Margarita A. Dareioti; Maria-Sophia Vidali; Ioanna Efthimiou; Michael Kornaros; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis. 2015. "Investigation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) ozonation efficiency with the use of a battery of selected ecotoxicity and human toxicity assays." Aquatic Toxicology 164, no. : 135-144.

Research article
Published: 25 June 2015 in PLOS ONE
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Chios mastic oil (CMO), the essential oil derived from Pistacia lentiscus (L.) var. chia (Duham), has generated considerable interest because of its antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and other beneficial properties. In the present study, the potential genotoxic activity of CMO as well as its antigenotoxic properties against the mutagenic agent mitomycin-C (MMC) were evaluated by employing the in vitro Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus (CBMN) assay and the in vivo Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART). In the in vitro experiments, lymphocytes were treated with 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10% (v/v) of CMO with or without 0.05 μg/ml MMC, while in the in vivo assay Drosophila larvae were fed with 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00% (v/v) of CMO with or without 2.50 μg/ml MMC. CMO did not significantly increase the frequency of micronuclei (MN) or total wing spots, indicating lack of mutagenic or recombinogenic activity. However, the in vitro analysis suggested cytotoxic activity of CMO. The simultaneous administration of MMC with CMO did not alter considerably the frequencies of MMC-induced MN and wing spots showing that CMO doesn’t exert antigenotoxic or antirecombinogenic action. Therefore, CMO could be considered as a safe product in terms of genotoxic potential. Even though it could not afford any protection against DNA damage, at least under our experimental conditions, its cytotoxic potential could be of interest.

ACS Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Elena Drosopoulou; Ioanna Efthimiou; Maximos Gavriilidis; Dimitra Panagaki; Krystalenia Mpatziou; Paraskevi Kalamara; Despoina Mademtzoglou; Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Assessment of Chios Mastic Oil by the In Vitro Micronucleus Test on Human Lymphocytes and the In Vivo Wing Somatic Test on Drosophila. PLOS ONE 2015, 10, e0130498 .

AMA Style

Dimitris Vlastos, Elena Drosopoulou, Ioanna Efthimiou, Maximos Gavriilidis, Dimitra Panagaki, Krystalenia Mpatziou, Paraskevi Kalamara, Despoina Mademtzoglou, Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Assessment of Chios Mastic Oil by the In Vitro Micronucleus Test on Human Lymphocytes and the In Vivo Wing Somatic Test on Drosophila. PLOS ONE. 2015; 10 (6):e0130498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitris Vlastos; Elena Drosopoulou; Ioanna Efthimiou; Maximos Gavriilidis; Dimitra Panagaki; Krystalenia Mpatziou; Paraskevi Kalamara; Despoina Mademtzoglou; Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou. 2015. "Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Assessment of Chios Mastic Oil by the In Vitro Micronucleus Test on Human Lymphocytes and the In Vivo Wing Somatic Test on Drosophila." PLOS ONE 10, no. 6: e0130498.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2015 in Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study could serve as a multidisciplinary approach for the assessment of river surface water quality with the use of chemical and biological methods. Specifically, physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and pesticides were measured in water samples from three different stations (sampling station S1, S2, and S3) along Asopos River (Greece). In parallel, algal species (primary producers)—such as Scenedesmus rubescens and Chlorococcum sp.; consumer invertebrate species, such as the fairy shrimp Thamnocephalus platyurus and the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus; as well as human lymphocytes—were exposed to those samples for assessing their toxic and genotoxic/mutagenic effects. According to the results, although the values of almost all of the physicochemical parameters tested, heavy metals (zinc, cadmium, lead, and mercury) and pesticides were lower than or within the respective environmental quality standards, thus offering no clear evidence for their natural or anthropogenic origin. Values recorded for nickel, chromium, hexavalent chromium, and malathion represent a typical case of mixed influence from natural and anthropogenic enrichments. In contrast, the algal growth arrest, the acute toxic effects on the freshwater invertebrates, and the increased micronuclei frequencies observed in human lymphocytes showed the presence of human-derived hazardous substances, which were hardly determinable with the use of conventional chemical methods. Given that the presence of priority pollutants in river surface waters, heavily burdened by anthropogenic activities, could give no clear evidence for their biological risk, the results of the present study showed that chemical and biological assays should be applied in parallel, thus serving as a reliable tool for the assessment of river water quality.

ACS Style

Nikolina Charalampous; Aggeliki Kindou; Dimitris Vlastos; Vasiliki Tsarpali; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou; Stefanos Dailianis. A Multidisciplinary Assessment of River Surface Water Quality in Areas Heavily Influenced by Human Activities. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2015, 69, 208 -222.

AMA Style

Nikolina Charalampous, Aggeliki Kindou, Dimitris Vlastos, Vasiliki Tsarpali, Maria Antonopoulou, Ioannis Konstantinou, Stefanos Dailianis. A Multidisciplinary Assessment of River Surface Water Quality in Areas Heavily Influenced by Human Activities. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2015; 69 (2):208-222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nikolina Charalampous; Aggeliki Kindou; Dimitris Vlastos; Vasiliki Tsarpali; Maria Antonopoulou; Ioannis Konstantinou; Stefanos Dailianis. 2015. "A Multidisciplinary Assessment of River Surface Water Quality in Areas Heavily Influenced by Human Activities." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 69, no. 2: 208-222.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in Journal of Cleaner Production
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Abu Khayer Md Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury; Foteini Konstantinou; Artemisia Damati; Christos S. Akratos; Dimitris Vlastos; Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou; Dimitris Vayenas. Is physicochemical evaluation enough to characterize olive mill waste compost as soil amendment? The case of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2015, 93, 94 -102.

AMA Style

Abu Khayer Md Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury, Foteini Konstantinou, Artemisia Damati, Christos S. Akratos, Dimitris Vlastos, Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou, Dimitris Vayenas. Is physicochemical evaluation enough to characterize olive mill waste compost as soil amendment? The case of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2015; 93 ():94-102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abu Khayer Md Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury; Foteini Konstantinou; Artemisia Damati; Christos S. Akratos; Dimitris Vlastos; Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou; Dimitris Vayenas. 2015. "Is physicochemical evaluation enough to characterize olive mill waste compost as soil amendment? The case of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation." Journal of Cleaner Production 93, no. : 94-102.

Comparative study
Published: 07 October 2013 in Drug and Chemical Toxicology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The genotoxic evaluation (in vitro analysis) of a series of eight inorganic tin(II) and tin(IV) compounds [tin(II) acetate, tin(II) chloride, tin(II) ethylhexanoate, tin(II) oxalate, tin(II) oxide, tin(IV) acetate, tin(IV) chloride and tin(IV) oxide], for the detection of micronuclei in human blood lymphocytes, was performed in the absence of metabolic activation by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Human lymphocytes were treated for over one cell cycle (31 hours), with concentrations ranging from 1 to 75 μM (1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 75 μM), of tin(II) and tin(IV) salts dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The above-listed concentrations cover the values that have been detected in humans with no occupational exposure to tin compounds. The experimental results show the absence of genotoxicity for all inorganic compounds tested in the specific concentrations and experimental conditions. Cytotoxic effects of tin(II) and tin(IV) compounds were evaluated by the determination of cytokinesis block proliferation index and cytotoxicity percentage. Our observations on the cytotoxicity pattern of the tested tin(II) and tin(IV) compounds indicate that they are cytotoxic in several tested concentrations to human lymphocytes treated in vitro. The observed differences in cytotoxicity of each tested compound might reflect differences in their chemical structure.

ACS Style

Artemis Damati; Dimitris Vlastos; Athanassios I. Philippopoulos; Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. Inorganic tin compounds do not induce micronuclei in human lymphocytes in the absence of metabolic activation. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2013, 37, 213 -220.

AMA Style

Artemis Damati, Dimitris Vlastos, Athanassios I. Philippopoulos, Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. Inorganic tin compounds do not induce micronuclei in human lymphocytes in the absence of metabolic activation. Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 2013; 37 (2):213-220.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Artemis Damati; Dimitris Vlastos; Athanassios I. Philippopoulos; Demetrios P. Matthopoulos. 2013. "Inorganic tin compounds do not induce micronuclei in human lymphocytes in the absence of metabolic activation." Drug and Chemical Toxicology 37, no. 2: 213-220.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2013 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study investigates leachate hazardous effects on marine biota and human cells, with the use of a battery of assays, both under in vivo and in vitro conditions. According to the results, mussels exposed for 4 days to 0.01 and 0.1% (v/v) of leachate showed increased levels of DNA damage and micronuclei (MN) frequencies in their hemocytes. Similarly, enhanced levels of DNA damage were also observed in hemocytes treated in vitro with relevant concentrations of leachate, followed by a significant enhancement of both superoxide anions (O₂(-)) and lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde/MDA). On the other hand, human lymphocyte cultures treated with such a low concentrations of leachate (0.1, 0.2 and 1%, v/v), showed increased frequencies of MN formation and large MN size ratio, as well as decreased cell proliferation, as indicated by the use of the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay and Cytokinesis Block Proliferation Index (CBPI) respectively. These findings showed the clear-cut genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of leachate on both cellular types, as well as its potential aneugenic activity in human lymphocytes.

ACS Style

Eirini Toufexi; Vasiliki Tsarpali; Ioanna Efthimiou; Maria-Sophia Vidali; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis. Environmental and human risk assessment of landfill leachate: An integrated approach with the use of cytotoxic and genotoxic stress indices in mussel and human cells. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2013, 260, 593 -601.

AMA Style

Eirini Toufexi, Vasiliki Tsarpali, Ioanna Efthimiou, Maria-Sophia Vidali, Dimitris Vlastos, Stefanos Dailianis. Environmental and human risk assessment of landfill leachate: An integrated approach with the use of cytotoxic and genotoxic stress indices in mussel and human cells. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2013; 260 ():593-601.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eirini Toufexi; Vasiliki Tsarpali; Ioanna Efthimiou; Maria-Sophia Vidali; Dimitris Vlastos; Stefanos Dailianis. 2013. "Environmental and human risk assessment of landfill leachate: An integrated approach with the use of cytotoxic and genotoxic stress indices in mussel and human cells." Journal of Hazardous Materials 260, no. : 593-601.