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Ahmed Mohamed
Florida International University

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Conference paper
Published: 11 September 2020 in 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings
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Smart Control of Power Electronic Converters in Photovoltaic Systems This paper presents an overview of the techniques used to control the power electronic converters used tointegrate renewable energy sources to the electric grid. Moreover, a smart fuzzy-PID controller for DC-DC boostconverters, which are the most commonly used converters as voltage regulators in PV systems, is presented. Thisproposed controller maximizes the stable operating range by tuning the PID parameters ultimately at various loadingconditions. Then, a fuzzy logic approach is used to add a factor of intelligence to the controller such that it can moveamong different values of proportional gain (Kp), integral gain (Ki) and derivative gain (Kd) based on the systemconditions. This controller allows optimal control of boost converters at any loading condition with no need toretune parameters or possibility of failure. Moreover, the paper presents a novel technique to move between the PIand PID configurations of the controller such that the minimum overshoot and ripple are obtained, which increasesthe controller applicability for utilization of PV systems in supplying sensitive loads. A PV system with a capacityof 1 kW has been simulated and implemented in hardware to examine the proposed controller. Furthermore, thispaper discusses the loading limitations in PV systems resulting from switching the power electronic interfaces andtransients associated with large loads. These conditions derate the power generation capability of the PV system. Wepropose some methods to enhance the loadability of these systems under both steady state and dynamic operations.A PV system for home application purposes, with a rated power of 280 W was designed and built to investigate theloadability issue. The proposed enhancements were applied to the experimental setup and the obtained resultsverified the effectiveness of the proposed methods. This paper gives an excellent educational presentation of severalaspects related to control theory, renewable energy engineering and power electronics.

ACS Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Osama A. Mohammed. Smart Control of Power Electronic Converters in Photovoltaic Systems. 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings 2020, 25.1163.1 -25.1163.17.

AMA Style

Ahmed Mohamed, Osama A. Mohammed. Smart Control of Power Electronic Converters in Photovoltaic Systems. 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings. 2020; ():25.1163.1-25.1163.17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Osama A. Mohammed. 2020. "Smart Control of Power Electronic Converters in Photovoltaic Systems." 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings , no. : 25.1163.1-25.1163.17.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Energies
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In this paper, a dual-stage modeling and optimization framework has been developed to obtain an optimal combination and size of wayside energy storage systems (WESSs) for application in DC rail transportation. Energy storage technologies may consist of a standalone battery, a standalone supercapacitor, a standalone flywheel, or a combination of these. Results from the dual-stage modeling and optimization process have been utilized for deducing an application-specific composition of type and size of the WESSs. These applications consist of different percentages of energy saving due to regenerative braking, voltage regulation, peak demand reduction, estimated payback period, and system resiliency. In the first stage, sizes of the ESSs have been estimated using developed detailed mathematical models, and optimized using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the second stage, the respective sizes of ESSs are simulated by developing an all-inclusive model of the transit system, ESS and ESS management system (EMS) in MATLAB/Simulink. The mathematical modeling provides initial recommendations for the sizes from a large search space. However, the dynamic simulation contributes to the optimization by highlighting the transit system constraints and practical limitations of ESSs, which impose bounds on the maximum energy that can be captured from decelerating trains.

ACS Style

Oindrilla Dutta; Mahmoud Saleh; Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 1614 .

AMA Style

Oindrilla Dutta, Mahmoud Saleh, Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, Ahmed Mohamed. A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1614.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oindrilla Dutta; Mahmoud Saleh; Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. 2020. "A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems." Energies 13, no. 7: 1614.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2019 in Inventions
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Energy storage technologies are developing rapidly, and their application in different industrial sectors is increasing considerably. Electric rail transit systems use energy storage for different applications, including peak demand reduction, voltage regulation, and energy saving through recuperating regenerative braking energy. In this paper, a comprehensive review of supercapacitors and flywheels is presented. Both are compared based on their general characteristics and performances, with a focus on their roles in electric transit systems when used for energy saving, peak demand reduction, and voltage regulation. A cost analysis is also included to provide initial guidelines on the selection of the appropriate technology for a given transit system.

ACS Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. Flywheel vs. Supercapacitor as Wayside Energy Storage for Electric Rail Transit Systems. Inventions 2019, 4, 62 .

AMA Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, Ahmed Mohamed. Flywheel vs. Supercapacitor as Wayside Energy Storage for Electric Rail Transit Systems. Inventions. 2019; 4 (4):62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. 2019. "Flywheel vs. Supercapacitor as Wayside Energy Storage for Electric Rail Transit Systems." Inventions 4, no. 4: 62.

Journal article
Published: 09 August 2019 in Energies
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In this paper, we propose the greedy smallest-cost-rate path first (GRASP) algorithm to route power from sources to loads in a digital microgrid (DMG). Routing of power from distributed energy resources (DERs) to loads of a DMG comprises matching loads to DERs and the selection of the smallest-cost-rate path from a load to its supplying DERs. In such a microgrid, one DER may supply power to one or many loads, and one or many DERs may supply the power requested by a load. Because the optimal method is NP-hard, GRASP addresses this high complexity by using heuristics to match sources and loads and to select the smallest-cost-rate paths in the DMG. We compare the cost achieved by GRASP and an optimal method based on integer linear programming on different IEEE test feeders and other test networks. The comparison shows the trade-offs between lowering complexity and achieving optimal-cost paths. The results show that the cost incurred by GRASP approaches that of the optimal solution by small margins. In the adopted networks, GRASP trades its lower complexity for up to 18% higher costs than those achieved by the optimal solution.

ACS Style

Zhengqi Jiang; Vinit Sahasrabudhe; Ahmed Mohamed; Haim Grebel; Roberto Rojas-Cessa. Greedy Algorithm for Minimizing the Cost of Routing Power on a Digital Microgrid. Energies 2019, 12, 3076 .

AMA Style

Zhengqi Jiang, Vinit Sahasrabudhe, Ahmed Mohamed, Haim Grebel, Roberto Rojas-Cessa. Greedy Algorithm for Minimizing the Cost of Routing Power on a Digital Microgrid. Energies. 2019; 12 (16):3076.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhengqi Jiang; Vinit Sahasrabudhe; Ahmed Mohamed; Haim Grebel; Roberto Rojas-Cessa. 2019. "Greedy Algorithm for Minimizing the Cost of Routing Power on a Digital Microgrid." Energies 12, no. 16: 3076.

Chapter
Published: 31 July 2019 in Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions
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Photovoltaic (PV) cells utilization is getting more attention due to the depletion of the world’s natural resources and the increased progress in power electronics and semiconductor technologies. The first step to analyze and study a PV power system is to develop a model that is capable of providing an accurate prediction for the system’s performance at different operating conditions. The availability of precise models for PV systems in hand allows the designers, operators, and researchers to predict, optimize, and evaluate the behavior of the system under different dynamics amid the development, which is very helpful for design and control purpose. Additionally, these models help to investigate the interaction between the PV system and other connected networks. Therefore, this chapter presents a general mathematical dynamic modeling technique for direct-coupled PV power systems. The nonlinear mathematical formulas for each component in the system are derived, and the connection among the different components is addressed. The modeling approach is applied to two different direct-coupled PV systems: grid-connected and stand-alone system. The accuracy of the developed models was verified based on the simulation and experimental data. The results demonstrate the ability of the proposed models for predicting the system performance under different environmental and operating conditions.

ACS Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed. Dynamic Modeling Analysis of Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Power Systems. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions 2019, 439 -461.

AMA Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed. Dynamic Modeling Analysis of Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Power Systems. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. 2019; ():439-461.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed. 2019. "Dynamic Modeling Analysis of Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Power Systems." Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions , no. : 439-461.

Review
Published: 30 July 2019 in Energies
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This paper provides an extensive review of the conducted research regarding various microgrids (MGs) control techniques and the impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) degradation on MGs performance and control. Additionally, this paper sheds the light on the research gaps and challenges that are to be explored regarding ICT intrinsic-limitations impact on MGs operations and enhancing MGs control. Based on this assessment, it offers future prospects regarding the impact of ICT latencies on MGs and, consequently, on the smart grid. Finally, this paper introduces a case study to show the significance and examine the effect of wireless communication technologies latency on the converters and the DC bus voltage of a centralized controlled DC MG. A DC microgrid with its communication-based control scheme was modeled to achieve this goal. The MATLAB simulation results show that the latency impact may be severe on the converter switches and the DC bus voltage. Additionally, the results show that the latency impact varies depending on the design of the MG and its operational conditions before the latency occurs.

ACS Style

Mahmoud Saleh; Yusef Esa; Mohamed El Hariri; Ahmed Mohamed. Impact of Information and Communication Technology Limitations on Microgrid Operation. Energies 2019, 12, 2926 .

AMA Style

Mahmoud Saleh, Yusef Esa, Mohamed El Hariri, Ahmed Mohamed. Impact of Information and Communication Technology Limitations on Microgrid Operation. Energies. 2019; 12 (15):2926.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud Saleh; Yusef Esa; Mohamed El Hariri; Ahmed Mohamed. 2019. "Impact of Information and Communication Technology Limitations on Microgrid Operation." Energies 12, no. 15: 2926.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2019 in IEEE Access
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Deploying shared automated electric vehicles (SAEVs) on current roadways in cities will significantly shape current transportation systems and make our urban mobility systems more efficient, convenient and environmentally friendly. Utilizing wireless power transfer (WPT) technology to charge the SAEVs provides perfect fits for realizing a fully automated mobility system. However, the investment of wireless charging infrastructure (WCI) presents a critical barrier for commercializing and adopting this technology. The barrier can be cleared by realizing the proper design of the WPT system that maximizes the benefits and minimizes the cost of WCI at the same time. This paper introduces a system design optimization tool and methodology for WCI for serving fixed-route SAEVs in automated mobility districts (AMDs). The tool offers the capability of integrating driving data (simulated or collected from the real world), vehicle parameters (e.g., battery, motor, dimensions, etc.) and wireless charger characteristics (rate, locations, alignment, etc.) to generate the energy and state-of-charge (SOC) profiles for each vehicle, considering motoring, regenerative braking, and charging. Furthermore, the proposed tool incorporates a multi-objective optimization layer for searching the optimum design parameters based on predefined objectives and constraints. The proposed method was utilized to design the WCI for a hypothetical AMD scenario with four SAEVs. The outcomes show that implementing in-route wireless chargers at designated stops for SAEVs with maximum power level has the potential to provide a charge sustaining operation with 52% reduction in the on-board battery and presents the most cost-effective solution. The proposed solution is assessed in comparison with other charging technologies, such as stationary WPT and dc fast charger (DCFC), and it shows the most feasible option for AMD network in terms of cost, convenience and performance.

ACS Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed; Andrew Meintz; Lei Zhu. System Design and Optimization of In-Route Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Shared Automated Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 79968 -79979.

AMA Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed, Andrew Meintz, Lei Zhu. System Design and Optimization of In-Route Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Shared Automated Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):79968-79979.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed; Andrew Meintz; Lei Zhu. 2019. "System Design and Optimization of In-Route Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Shared Automated Electric Vehicles." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 79968-79979.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2019 in 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC)
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ACS Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. Modeling and Simulation of a Reversible Substation for Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Rail Transit Systems. 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, Ahmed Mohamed. Modeling and Simulation of a Reversible Substation for Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Rail Transit Systems. 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC). 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed Mohamed. 2019. "Modeling and Simulation of a Reversible Substation for Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Rail Transit Systems." 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2019 in Energies
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Boosting critical infrastructures’ (CIs) preparedness to threats, including natural disasters and manmade attacks, is a global imperative. The intrinsic dependencies and interdependencies between CIs hinder their resiliency. Moreover, the evolution of CIs is, in many cases, en routè to tighten those interdependencies. The goal of this paper is to uncover and analyze the rising interdependency between the electric power grid, information and communication technology (ICT) networks, and transportation systems that are heavily reliant on electric-power drivetrains, collectively referred to hereafter as electro-mobility (e-mobility). E-mobility includes electric vehicles (EVs) and electric railway systems. A new influence graph-based model is introduced, as a promising approach to model operational interdependencies between CIs. Each of the links of the influence graph represents the probability of failure of the sink node following a failure of the source node. A futuristic scenario has been analyzed assuming increased dependency of the power grid on ICT for monitoring and control, and high penetration levels of EVs and distributed energy resources (DERs) in an urban region. Inspecting the influence graph shows that the impact of interdependency between the power grid, the ICT network, and the transportation network, for the case study analyzed in this paper, does not lead to failures during normal operation with proper design; however, it is severe during emergency conditions since it leads to failure propagation among the three CIs. This paper sets the stage for more research on this topic, and calls for more attention to interdependency analysis.

ACS Style

Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. On the Rising Interdependency between the Power Grid, ICT Network, and E-Mobility: Modeling and Analysis. Energies 2019, 12, 1874 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. On the Rising Interdependency between the Power Grid, ICT Network, and E-Mobility: Modeling and Analysis. Energies. 2019; 12 (10):1874.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. 2019. "On the Rising Interdependency between the Power Grid, ICT Network, and E-Mobility: Modeling and Analysis." Energies 12, no. 10: 1874.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2019 in IEEE Access
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Critical infrastructures are interdependent systems that are continuously evolving. Their evolution is oftentimes in a way that tightens, or creates new, interdependencies. As urban areas continue to develop, the philosophy of officials and policy makers to meet growth in the energy demand tends to prioritize sustainable planning by deferring infrastructural upgrades, and relying instead on smart operation. Relying on an information and communication technology (ICT) network is a prerequisite to achieve smart operation. With the anticipated high penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs), increased reliance on real-time monitoring and control is a must for the power grid to handle such unprecedented levels of load/generation uncertainties. This paper sheds light on how the power grid, the ICT network, and the transportation network are interrelated and interdependent. The paper also presents a benchmark problem for this type of research, and a case study. Initial results of the case study show that the impact of these rising interdependencies may be significant, and must be fully understood and taken into consideration.

ACS Style

Hmed Ali A. Moham; Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. A Synthetic Case Study for Analysis of the Rising Interdependency Between the Power Grid and E-Mobility. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 58802 -58809.

AMA Style

Hmed Ali A. Moham, Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. A Synthetic Case Study for Analysis of the Rising Interdependency Between the Power Grid and E-Mobility. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):58802-58809.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hmed Ali A. Moham; Ahmed Ali A. Mohamed. 2019. "A Synthetic Case Study for Analysis of the Rising Interdependency Between the Power Grid and E-Mobility." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 58802-58809.

Proceedings article
Published: 02 April 2019 in SAE Technical Paper Series
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ACS Style

Aqueel Ahmad; Mohammad Saad Alam; Rakan Chabaan; Ahmed Mohamed. Comparative Analysis of Power Pad for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles. SAE Technical Paper Series 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Aqueel Ahmad, Mohammad Saad Alam, Rakan Chabaan, Ahmed Mohamed. Comparative Analysis of Power Pad for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles. SAE Technical Paper Series. 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aqueel Ahmad; Mohammad Saad Alam; Rakan Chabaan; Ahmed Mohamed. 2019. "Comparative Analysis of Power Pad for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles." SAE Technical Paper Series , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 March 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
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ACS Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed; Osama A. Mohammed. Bilayer Predictive Power Flow Controller for Bidirectional Operation of Wirelessly Connected Electric Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2019, 55, 4258 -4267.

AMA Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed, Osama A. Mohammed. Bilayer Predictive Power Flow Controller for Bidirectional Operation of Wirelessly Connected Electric Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2019; 55 (4):4258-4267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. S. Mohamed; Osama A. Mohammed. 2019. "Bilayer Predictive Power Flow Controller for Bidirectional Operation of Wirelessly Connected Electric Vehicles." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 55, no. 4: 4258-4267.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
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Electric rail transit systems are large consumers of electricity, which face challenges related to improving their overall energy efficiency. Although various solutions have been proposed to achieve this target, it is not feasible to implement and test all of them. Since finding the solution that is most appropriate to a given system is typically a site-specific problem, an accurate, validated and reliable simulation tool is crucial. In this paper, a simulation model for studying wayside energy storage systems in DC electric rail transit system is presented. The proposed model provides a reliable tool for analyzing the behavior of the transit system during intervals that span from a small fraction of time (milli seconds) up to 24 hours. In order to validate the proposed simulation model, its results were compared with real measurements of a standard subway system.

ACS Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Oindrilla Dutta; Mahmoud Saleh; Ahmed A. Mohamed. Modeling and Simulation of DC Electric Rail Transit Systems With Wayside Energy Storage. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2019, 68, 2218 -2228.

AMA Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, Oindrilla Dutta, Mahmoud Saleh, Ahmed A. Mohamed. Modeling and Simulation of DC Electric Rail Transit Systems With Wayside Energy Storage. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. 2019; 68 (3):2218-2228.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Oindrilla Dutta; Mahmoud Saleh; Ahmed A. Mohamed. 2019. "Modeling and Simulation of DC Electric Rail Transit Systems With Wayside Energy Storage." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 68, no. 3: 2218-2228.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
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Electric rail transit systems are the large consumers of energy. In trains with regenerative braking capability, a fraction of the energy used to power a train is regenerated during braking. This regenerated energy, if not properly captured, is typically dumped in the form of heat to avoid overvoltage. Finding a way to recuperate regenerative braking energy can result in economic as well as technical merits. In this comprehensive paper, the various methods and technologies that were proposed for regenerative energy recuperation have been analyzed, investigated, and compared. These technologies include: train timetable optimization, energy storage systems (onboard and wayside), and reversible substations.

ACS Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed A. Mohamed; Werner Brandauer. Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2019, 20, 2831 -2847.

AMA Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan, Ahmed A. Mohamed, Werner Brandauer. Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2019; 20 (8):2831-2847.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahdiyeh Khodaparastan; Ahmed A. Mohamed; Werner Brandauer. 2019. "Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 20, no. 8: 2831-2847.

Journal article
Published: 04 October 2018 in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
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Maintaining a sustainable and reliable source of energy to supply critical loads within a renewable energy based microgrid (MG) during blackouts is directly related to its bus voltage variations. For example, voltage variation might trigger protection devices and disconnect DERs within the MG. Centrally controlled MGs (CCMGs) type is dependent on communication. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the impact of communication networks performance degradation, such as latency, on the bus voltage of CCMGs. This paper investigates the effect of wireless communication technologies latency on the bus voltage and performance of centralized DC MGs. Two mathematical models were developed to describe the behavior of microgrids during latency. As a case study, a renewable energy- based DC microgrid with its centralized control scheme was simulated to validate and compare the developed mathematical models. Results verify the accuracy of the developed models and show that the impact may be severe depending on the design, and the operational condition of the MG before latency occurs.

ACS Style

Mahmoud Saleh; Yusef Esa; Ahmed Mohamed. Impact of Communication Latency on the Bus Voltage of Centrally Controlled DC Microgrids During Islanding. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2018, 10, 1844 -1856.

AMA Style

Mahmoud Saleh, Yusef Esa, Ahmed Mohamed. Impact of Communication Latency on the Bus Voltage of Centrally Controlled DC Microgrids During Islanding. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 2018; 10 (4):1844-1856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud Saleh; Yusef Esa; Ahmed Mohamed. 2018. "Impact of Communication Latency on the Bus Voltage of Centrally Controlled DC Microgrids During Islanding." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 10, no. 4: 1844-1856.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2018 in 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)
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This paper presents a comprehensive solution that allows electric vehicles (EV) to autonomously charge and discharge their batteries wirelessly during long term parking and/or the transient stops. A two-layer power-flow controller for bidirectional wireless power transfer system (BWPTS) in EVs applications is proposed. The proposed controller can manage the bidirectional power-flow between EV and surrounding infrastructures such as power grid, home microgrid, building micro-grid, road or another vehicle. It consists of two levels of control; the first is responsible for communicating with the surrounding infrastructures and gathering information from driver, charging station, power grid and battery management system and then, based on these information, it estimates the EV's psychological price as a function of its battery's state-of-charge (SOC) and compares it with the energy price to decide whether to charge, discharge or abstain, and how much the charging or discharging rate. The second layer receives the reference signal from the first one and generates the control parameters for two synchronized resonant converters (one is on the vehicle side and the other is on the grid side) to provide the requited power-flow. The proposed controller is adaptively estimating the system parameters to consider the misalignment conditions effects on the system performance. The parameter estimation is achieved using only one voltage sensor. The second layer control is designed based on a new analytical modeling for the power flow in the system. For verification purposes, a prototype for BWPTS was built and driven by the proposed controller, which was implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) integrated circuit. The proposed controller provides very fast and stable response during both the transient and steady state operation in comparison with the conventional PI controller.

ACS Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Osama Mohammed. Two-layer Predictive Controller for V2G and G2V Services Using on Wireless Power Transfer Technology. 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS) 2018, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Ahmed Mohamed, Osama Mohammed. Two-layer Predictive Controller for V2G and G2V Services Using on Wireless Power Transfer Technology. 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS). 2018; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Osama Mohammed. 2018. "Two-layer Predictive Controller for V2G and G2V Services Using on Wireless Power Transfer Technology." 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS) , no. : 1-8.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2018 in 2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)
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Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has the potential to be a convenient and reliable charging method for the light and heavy duty electric vehicles. However, the loosely coupling between the two sides results in strong near-electromagnetic fields (EMFs) around the system, which may have the possibility to impact human safety if the standard limits are exceeded. Therefore, comprehensive tests are necessary to ensure the electromagnetic fields are with in safe limits. Consequently, this paper presents a test methodology for the near-field from a 25 kW WPT system from Momentum Dynamics, which is installed in a heavy duty electric shuttle at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The paper describes in detail the measuring device, test setup and conditions. The misalignments between the two systems' sides are considered during the measurements. Test results for the regions of concern around and inside the bus are presented and compared with the reference levels defined by the international standards, including ICNIRP 2010 and IEEE C95.1. In addition, a finite-element model is developed for the wireless coupler and analyzed at the same conditions as the tests. Comparative analysis is presented between the simulated and experimental results. The measurements at the test points show adherence to the standard limits for the general public and occupational exposure.

ACS Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Andrew Meintz; Peter Schrafel; Anthony Calabro. In-Vehicle Assessment of Human Exposure to EMFs from 25-kW WPT System Based on Near-Field Analysis. 2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC) 2018, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Ahmed Mohamed, Andrew Meintz, Peter Schrafel, Anthony Calabro. In-Vehicle Assessment of Human Exposure to EMFs from 25-kW WPT System Based on Near-Field Analysis. 2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). 2018; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Mohamed; Andrew Meintz; Peter Schrafel; Anthony Calabro. 2018. "In-Vehicle Assessment of Human Exposure to EMFs from 25-kW WPT System Based on Near-Field Analysis." 2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC) , no. : 1-6.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2018 in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)
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The Digital Power Network (DPN) is an energy-on-demand approach. In terms of Internet of Things (IoT), it treats the energy itself as a `thing' to be manipulated (in contrast to energy as the `thing's enabler'). The approach is mostly appropriate for energy starving micro-grids with limited capacity, such as a generator for the home while the power grid is down. The process starts with a request of a user (such as, appliance) for energy. Each appliance, energy source or energy storage has an address which is able to communicate its status. A network server, collects all requests and optimizes the energy dissemination based on priority and availability. Energy is then routed in discrete units to each particular address (say air-condition, or, A/C unit). Contrary to packets of data over a computer network whose data bits are characterized by well-behaved voltage and current values at high frequencies, here we deal with energy demands at highvoltage, low-frequency and fluctuating current. For example, turning a motor ON requires 8 times more power than the level needed to maintain a steady states operation. Our approach is seamlessly integrating all energy resources (including alternative sources), energy storage units and the loads since they are but addresses in the network. Optimization of energy requests and the analysis of satisfying these requests is the topic of this paper. Under energy constraints and unlike the current power grid, for example, some energy requests are queued and granted later. While the ultimate goal is to fuse information and energy together through energy digitization, in its simplest form, this micro-grid can be realized by overlaying an auxiliary (communication) network of controllers on top of an energy delivery network and coupling the two through an array of addressable digital power switches.

ACS Style

Xin Miao; Roberto Rojas-Cessa; Ahmed Mohamed; Haim Grebel. The Digital Power Networks: Energy Dissemination Through a Micro-Grid. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) 2018, 230 -235.

AMA Style

Xin Miao, Roberto Rojas-Cessa, Ahmed Mohamed, Haim Grebel. The Digital Power Networks: Energy Dissemination Through a Micro-Grid. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). 2018; ():230-235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xin Miao; Roberto Rojas-Cessa; Ahmed Mohamed; Haim Grebel. 2018. "The Digital Power Networks: Energy Dissemination Through a Micro-Grid." 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) , no. : 230-235.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2018 in 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)
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This paper examines and explores the potential of how the capabilities of the emerging Fifth-Generation (5G) cellular technologies can be integrated with the power grid to enable the realization of a truly smart grid. Based on time-to-market strategy, we identify and propose two different 5G-based business and architectural models that enable a truly converged power grid-ICT infrastructure, namely, near-term model and long-term model.

ACS Style

Ahmed Hassebo; Ahmed Mohamed; R. Dorsinville; M. A. Ali. 5G-based Converged Electric Power Grid and ICT Infrastructure. 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) 2018, 33 -37.

AMA Style

Ahmed Hassebo, Ahmed Mohamed, R. Dorsinville, M. A. Ali. 5G-based Converged Electric Power Grid and ICT Infrastructure. 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF). 2018; ():33-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Hassebo; Ahmed Mohamed; R. Dorsinville; M. A. Ali. 2018. "5G-based Converged Electric Power Grid and ICT Infrastructure." 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF) , no. : 33-37.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2018 in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)
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We propose the design of an energy packet switch for forwarding and delivery of energy in digital power grids in this paper. The proposed switch may receive energy from one or multiple power sources, store and forward it in the form of energy packets to requesting loads connected to one or multiple ports of the switch. Energy packets carry discrete amounts of energy for a finely controlled supply. Loads receive discrete amounts of energy through packets rather than a continuing and discretionary energy flow. Using energy packets may help manage the delivery of power in a more reliable, robust, and economical form than that used by the present power grid. The control and management of the proposed switch are based on a request-grant protocol. The switch uses a data network for the transmission of these requests and grants. The energy packet switch may be the centerpiece for creating infrastructure in the realization of the digital power grid. The design of the energy packet switch is based on shared supercapacitors to shape and manage discretization of energy. We introduce the design and analysis of the electrical properties of the proposed switch and describe the procedure used in the switch to determine the amount of energy transmitted to requesting loads.

ACS Style

Roberto Rojas-Cessa; Chuan-Kuo Wong; Zhengqi Jiang; Haard Shah; Haim Grebel; Ahmed Mohamed. An Energy Packet Switch for Digital Power Grids. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) 2018, 146 -153.

AMA Style

Roberto Rojas-Cessa, Chuan-Kuo Wong, Zhengqi Jiang, Haard Shah, Haim Grebel, Ahmed Mohamed. An Energy Packet Switch for Digital Power Grids. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). 2018; ():146-153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Rojas-Cessa; Chuan-Kuo Wong; Zhengqi Jiang; Haard Shah; Haim Grebel; Ahmed Mohamed. 2018. "An Energy Packet Switch for Digital Power Grids." 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) , no. : 146-153.