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Dr. Isaias Martinez-Yelmo
University of Alcalá

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Networking
0 Computer Networking, Telecommunications, Wireless Communication And Networks
0 SDN(Software Defined Network)
0 Networking and IoT
0 IOT Networks

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Journal article
Published: 18 June 2021 in Network
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Today, most user services are based on cloud computing, which leverages data center networks (DCNs) to efficiently route its communications. These networks process high volumes of traffic and require exhaustive failure management. Furthermore, expanding these networks is usually costly due to their constraint designs. In this article, we present enhanced Torii (eTorii), an automatic, scalable, reliable and flexible multipath routing protocol that aims to accomplish the demanding requirements of DCNs. We prove that eTorii is, by definition, applicable to a wide range of DCNs or any other type of hierarchical network and able to route with minimum forwarding table size and capable of rerouting around failed links on-the-fly with almost zero cost. A proof of concept of the eTorii protocol has been implemented using the Ryu SDN controller and the Mininet framework. Its evaluation shows that eTorii balances the load and preserves high-bandwidth utilization. Thus, it optimizes the use of DCN resources in comparison to other approaches, such as Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).

ACS Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose Arco; Miguel Briso-Montiano. Scalable and Reliable Data Center Networks by Combining Source Routing and Automatic Labelling. Network 2021, 1, 11 -27.

AMA Style

Elisa Rojas, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Jose Arco, Miguel Briso-Montiano. Scalable and Reliable Data Center Networks by Combining Source Routing and Automatic Labelling. Network. 2021; 1 (1):11-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose Arco; Miguel Briso-Montiano. 2021. "Scalable and Reliable Data Center Networks by Combining Source Routing and Automatic Labelling." Network 1, no. 1: 11-27.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in IEEE Access
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The multipath challenge is a research line in continuous development because of its multiple benefits, however, these benefits are overshadowed by scalability, which goes down considerably when the paths are multiple and disjoint. The disjointness aggregates an extra value to the multiple paths, but it also implies more complex mathematical operations that increase the computational cost. In fact, diverse proposals exist that try to increase scalability by limiting the number of paths obtained to the minimum possible (two-disjoint paths), which is enough for backup applications but not for other purposes. This paper presents an algorithm that solves these drawbacks by discovering multiple disjoint paths among multiple nodes in an efficient way, while keeping bounded the computational cost and ensuring scalability. The proposed algorithm has been validated thoroughly by performing a theoretical analysis, bolstered afterwards by an exhaustive experimental evaluation. The collected results are promising, our algorithm reduces the time spent to obtain the disjoint paths regarding its competitors between one and three orders of magnitude, at the cost of a slight decrease in the number of paths discovered.

ACS Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojass; Juan A. Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo. The Disjoint Multipath Challenge: Multiple Disjoint Paths Guaranteeing Scalability. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 74422 -74436.

AMA Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares, Elisa Rojass, Juan A. Carral, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo. The Disjoint Multipath Challenge: Multiple Disjoint Paths Guaranteeing Scalability. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():74422-74436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojass; Juan A. Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo. 2021. "The Disjoint Multipath Challenge: Multiple Disjoint Paths Guaranteeing Scalability." IEEE Access 9, no. : 74422-74436.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2021 in Computer Networks
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Handling efficiently both wired and/or wireless devices in SDN networks is still an open issue. eHDDP comes as an enhanced version of the Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol (HDDP) that allows the SDN control plane to discover and manage hybrid topologies composed by both SDN and non-SDN devices with wired and/or wireless interfaces, thus opening a path for the integration of IoT and SDN networks. Moreover, the proposal is also able to detect both unidirectional and bidirectional links between wireless devices. eHDDP has been thoroughly evaluated in different scenarios and exhibits good scalability properties since the number of required messages is proportional to the number of existing links in the network topology. Moreover, the obtained discovery and processing times give the opportunity to support scenarios with low mobility devices since the discovery times are in the range of hundreds of milliseconds.

ACS Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Juan Antonio Carral; Diego Lopez-Pajares. eHDDP: Enhanced Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for network topologies with both wired/wireless and SDN/non-SDN devices. Computer Networks 2021, 191, 107983 .

AMA Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Juan Antonio Carral, Diego Lopez-Pajares. eHDDP: Enhanced Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for network topologies with both wired/wireless and SDN/non-SDN devices. Computer Networks. 2021; 191 ():107983.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Juan Antonio Carral; Diego Lopez-Pajares. 2021. "eHDDP: Enhanced Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for network topologies with both wired/wireless and SDN/non-SDN devices." Computer Networks 191, no. : 107983.

Journal article
Published: 06 January 2021 in IEEE Communications Letters
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This paper presents an enhanced hybrid Software-Defined Networking (SDN) layer-2 switch whose behavior is specified by the Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processors (P4) language. Its SDN capabilities are enabled by using P4Runtime as control plane protocol to specify the forwarding rules used by its programmable data plane. Additionally, the device is also able to exploit P4 registers for an autonomous self-definition of its forwarding capabilities, with the goal of avoiding an overload of the SDN control plane. Its performance is better than other P4 proposals based on non-standard externs and similar to other platform-dependent implementations.

ACS Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Juan A. Carral; Marco Savi. A Hybrid SDN Switch Based on Standard P4 Code. IEEE Communications Letters 2021, 25, 1482 -1485.

AMA Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Diego Lopez-Pajares, Juan A. Carral, Marco Savi. A Hybrid SDN Switch Based on Standard P4 Code. IEEE Communications Letters. 2021; 25 (5):1482-1485.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Juan A. Carral; Marco Savi. 2021. "A Hybrid SDN Switch Based on Standard P4 Code." IEEE Communications Letters 25, no. 5: 1482-1485.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in IoT
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Recently, two technologies have emerged to provide advanced programmability in Software-Defined Networking (SDN) environments, namely P4 and XDP. At the same time, the Internet of Things (IoT) represents a pillar of future 6G networks, which will be also sustained by SDN. In this regard, there is a need to analyze the suitability of P4 and XDP for IoT. In this article, we aim to compare both technologies to help future research efforts in the field. For this purpose, we evaluate both technologies by implementing diverse use cases, assessing their performance and providing a quick qualitative overview. All tests and design scenarios are publicly available in GitHub to guarantee replication and serve as initial steps for researchers that want to initiate in the field. Results illustrate that currently XDP is the best option for constrained IoT devices, showing lower latency times, half the CPU usage, and reduced memory in comparison with P4. However, development of P4 programs is more straightforward and the amount of code lines is more similar regardless of the scenario. Additionally, P4 has a lot of potential in IoT if a special effort is made to improve the most common software target, BMv2.

ACS Style

David Carrascal; Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. Analysis of P4 and XDP for IoT Programmability in 6G and Beyond. IoT 2020, 1, 605 -622.

AMA Style

David Carrascal, Elisa Rojas, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Diego Lopez-Pajares, Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. Analysis of P4 and XDP for IoT Programmability in 6G and Beyond. IoT. 2020; 1 (2):605-622.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Carrascal; Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. 2020. "Analysis of P4 and XDP for IoT Programmability in 6G and Beyond." IoT 1, no. 2: 605-622.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2020 in IEEE Communications Letters
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Computer networks are adopting the new Software- Defined Networking (SDN) architecture, however not all devices can support it, mainly due to power and computational constraints. This paper proposes the Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol (HDDP), a new discovery protocol that enhances the existing OpenFlow Discovery Protocol (OFDP). HDDP allows the discovery of hybrid network topologies composed of both SDN and non-SDN devices, which no other state-of-the-art protocol can achieve. HDDP has been implemented in a software switch and emulated in diverse networks, where it discovers hybrid topologies by using a number of messages similar to competitors, as they only discover SDN devices.

ACS Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Marco Savi; Diego Lopez-Pajares. HDDP: Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for Heterogeneous Devices in SDN. IEEE Communications Letters 2020, 24, 1655 -1659.

AMA Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Elisa Rojas, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Marco Savi, Diego Lopez-Pajares. HDDP: Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for Heterogeneous Devices in SDN. IEEE Communications Letters. 2020; 24 (8):1655-1659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Marco Savi; Diego Lopez-Pajares. 2020. "HDDP: Hybrid Domain Discovery Protocol for Heterogeneous Devices in SDN." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 8: 1655-1659.

Journal article
Published: 28 April 2020 in IEEE Communications Letters
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ACS Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; Juan A. Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. One-Shot Multiple Disjoint Path Discovery Protocol (1S-MDP). IEEE Communications Letters 2020, 24, 1660 -1663.

AMA Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Elisa Rojas, Juan A. Carral, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. One-Shot Multiple Disjoint Path Discovery Protocol (1S-MDP). IEEE Communications Letters. 2020; 24 (8):1660-1663.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; Juan A. Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. 2020. "One-Shot Multiple Disjoint Path Discovery Protocol (1S-MDP)." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 8: 1660-1663.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2019 in IEEE Access
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Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a pillar of next-generation networks. Implementing SDN requires the establishment of a decoupled control communication, which might be installed either as an out-of-band or in-band network. While the benefits of in-band control networks seem apparent, no standard protocol exists and most of setups are based on ad-hoc solutions. This article defines Amaru, a protocol that provides plug&play resilient in-band control for SDN with low-complexity and high scalability. Amaru follows an exploration mechanism to find all possible paths between the controller and any node of the network, which drastically reduces convergence time and exchanged messages, while increasing robustness. Routing is based on masked MAC addresses, which also simplifies routing tables, minimizing the number of entries to one per path, independently of the network size. We evaluated Amaru with three different implementations and diverse types of networks and failures, and obtained excellent results, providing almost on-the-fly rerouting and low recovery time.

ACS Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; A. S. M. Asadujjaman; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. Amaru: Plug&Play Resilient In-Band Control for SDN. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 123202 -123218.

AMA Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Elisa Rojas, A. S. M. Asadujjaman, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. Amaru: Plug&Play Resilient In-Band Control for SDN. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):123202-123218.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego Lopez-Pajares; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Elisa Rojas; A. S. M. Asadujjaman; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. 2019. "Amaru: Plug&Play Resilient In-Band Control for SDN." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 123202-123218.

Article
Published: 29 June 2019 in Telecommunication Systems
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The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) architecture decouples the control plane from the data plane, but it does not explicitly state where the control should be located. This article analyses the benefits of maintaining the control as close as possible to the data plane, instead of the more traditional centralised control plane approach. To this purpose, it delves into the study of ARP-P4, a hybrid software switch defined by using the P4 language to facilitate its future use and deployment in P4 targets. Its hybrid properties come from supporting two complementary different ways of establishing paths: a centralised SDN approach based on P4-Runtime and a traditional distributed approach based on the ARP-Path protocol that obtains a similar performance to centralised solutions based on Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) and Dijkstra. The results show the feasibility of hybrid devices that combine different forwarding paradigms without losing performance with respect to well-known solutions such as ECMP, and how their combined use can lead to enhance and scale communication networks.

ACS Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Miguel Briso-Montiano; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas. ARP-P4: deep analysis of a hybrid SDN ARP-Path/P4Runtime switch. Telecommunication Systems 2019, 72, 555 -565.

AMA Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Miguel Briso-Montiano, Diego Lopez-Pajares, Elisa Rojas. ARP-P4: deep analysis of a hybrid SDN ARP-Path/P4Runtime switch. Telecommunication Systems. 2019; 72 (4):555-565.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Miguel Briso-Montiano; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas. 2019. "ARP-P4: deep analysis of a hybrid SDN ARP-Path/P4Runtime switch." Telecommunication Systems 72, no. 4: 555-565.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2019 in IEEE Access
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Ethernet switched networks are widely used in enterprise and data center networks. However, they have some drawbacks, mainly that, to prevent loops, they cannot take advantage of multipath topologies to balance traffic. Several multipath routing proposals use link-state protocols and Equal Cost Multi-Path routing (ECMP) to distribute the load over multiple paths. But, these proposals are complex and prone to flow collisions that may degrade performance. This paper studies TCP-Path, a protocol that employs a different approach. It uses a distributed network exploration mechanism based on broadcasting the TCPSYN packet to identify and select the fastest available path to the destination host, on the fly. Our evaluation shows that it improves on ECMP by up to 70% in terms of throughput for elephant flows and by up to 60% in terms of flow completion time for mouse flows. Indeed, network exploration offers a better, yet simple alternative to ECMP-based solutions for multipath topologies. In addition, we also study TCP-Path for elephant flows (TFE), which restricts TCP-Path application to elephant flows to reduce the exploration broadcast overhead and the size of forwarding tables, thus improving its scalability. Although elephant flows represent a small fraction (about 5%) of total flows, they have a major impact on overall performance, as we show in our evaluation. TFE reduces both the overhead incurred during path setup and the size of the forwarding tables by a factor of almost 20. Moreover, it achieves results close to those obtained by TCPPath for elephant flows, especially when working with high loads, and yields significant improvements for all types of flow at medium and high load levels.

ACS Style

Joaquin ALvarez-Horcajo; D. Lopez-Pajares; I. Martinez-Yelmo; J. A. Carral; J. M. Arco. Improving Multipath Routing of TCP Flows by Network Exploration. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 13608 -13621.

AMA Style

Joaquin ALvarez-Horcajo, D. Lopez-Pajares, I. Martinez-Yelmo, J. A. Carral, J. M. Arco. Improving Multipath Routing of TCP Flows by Network Exploration. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):13608-13621.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin ALvarez-Horcajo; D. Lopez-Pajares; I. Martinez-Yelmo; J. A. Carral; J. M. Arco. 2019. "Improving Multipath Routing of TCP Flows by Network Exploration." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 13608-13621.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2018 in 2018 IEEE 43rd Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)
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Scaling Ethernet switched networks to sizes of hundreds of thousands of hosts is a key requirement for data center networks. PAST is a simple and scalable OpenFlow-based layer-two architecture for data center Ethernet networks that outperforms Equal Cost Multipath Forwarding. PAST computes and configures one spanning tree for every MAC destination address. However, an important bottleneck of PAST is the time taken to perform the massive installation of rules at OpenFlow switches to set up the trees. PAST-HOAS aims to solve that obstacle, building trees instantly by path discovery, either triggered by the controller with a multicast probe frame from the edge destination switch or by the standard ARP Request frame; without flow installation and without tree computation. PASTHOAS is loop-free, and provides 100-400 times faster network initialization, lower forwarding delays and increased robustness and scalability.

ACS Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas; Guillermo Ibanez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Maria Campos-Selfa. PAST-HOAS: Fast Setup of Per-Address Sink Routing Trees by Reverse Flooding. 2018 IEEE 43rd Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN) 2018, 417 -420.

AMA Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Diego Lopez-Pajares, Elisa Rojas, Guillermo Ibanez, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Maria Campos-Selfa. PAST-HOAS: Fast Setup of Per-Address Sink Routing Trees by Reverse Flooding. 2018 IEEE 43rd Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN). 2018; ():417-420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas; Guillermo Ibanez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Maria Campos-Selfa. 2018. "PAST-HOAS: Fast Setup of Per-Address Sink Routing Trees by Reverse Flooding." 2018 IEEE 43rd Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN) , no. : 417-420.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2018 in 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP)
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This paper presents ARP-P4, a hybrid switch based on a local ARP-Path control plane written in P4, but maintaining legacy P4 Runtime control plane capabilities. Its main purpose is to study the readiness of P4 to perform directly local control actions at the data plane, such as the required ones for the ARP-Path protocol. Thus, ARP-P4 defines a data plane that forwards any ingress packet locally via ARP-Path or remotely via P4 Runtime installed rules through an SDN controller. Finally, we discuss the current limitations of P4 non-standard externs to interact with P4 Runtime to develop autonomous capabilities.

ACS Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Miguel Briso-Montiano; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas. ARP-P4: A Hybrid ARP-Path/P4Runtime Switch. 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP) 2018, 438 -439.

AMA Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Miguel Briso-Montiano, Diego Lopez-Pajares, Elisa Rojas. ARP-P4: A Hybrid ARP-Path/P4Runtime Switch. 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP). 2018; ():438-439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Miguel Briso-Montiano; Diego Lopez-Pajares; Elisa Rojas. 2018. "ARP-P4: A Hybrid ARP-Path/P4Runtime Switch." 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP) , no. : 438-439.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2018 in IEEE Communications Letters
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Currently, Software-Defined Networking (SDN) platforms leverage Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) to discover the underlying topology. However, LLDP is suboptimal in terms of message load. In this paper, we present the Tree Exploration Discovery Protocol (TEDP), proving that shortest paths can be built at the same time that the topology information is gathered, without extra messages compared to LLDP. We also analyze two alternative implementations for TEDP and give insights into some features that SDN platforms should ideally provide for an efficient topology discovery service.

ACS Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Juan A. Carral; Jose M. Arco. TEDP: An Enhanced Topology Discovery Service for Software-Defined Networking. IEEE Communications Letters 2018, 22, 1540 -1543.

AMA Style

Elisa Rojas, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Juan A. Carral, Jose M. Arco. TEDP: An Enhanced Topology Discovery Service for Software-Defined Networking. IEEE Communications Letters. 2018; 22 (8):1540-1543.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Juan A. Carral; Jose M. Arco. 2018. "TEDP: An Enhanced Topology Discovery Service for Software-Defined Networking." IEEE Communications Letters 22, no. 8: 1540-1543.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2017 in 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)
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Bridging is widely used in Ethernet networks, but the spanning tree protocol blocks all redundant links to prevent loops, and therefore it cannot take advantage of multipath topologies to balance traffic load. Several multipath routing proposals use link-state protocols and Equal Cost Multi-Path routing (ECMP) to distribute the load over multiple paths. However, these proposals are complex and prone to flow collisions that may degrade performance. This paper proposes the new TCP-Path protocol, which selects the fastest available path to a destination host on the fly when a new flow is established. TCP-Path is a new multilayer switching paradigm based on exploring all network paths triggered by TCP-SYN packets, instead of link-state based route computation. Here, we evaluate TCP-Path on ns-3 and Mininet and compare its performance. TCP-Path improves on ECMP by up to 25% in terms of throughput and up to 60% in terms of flow completion time. Thus, TCP-Path offers a better, yet simple alternative to ECMP-based solutions for multipath topologies.

ACS Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; D. Lopez-Pajares; Jose M. Arco; J. Antonio Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. TCP-path: Improving load balance by network exploration. 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet) 2017, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, D. Lopez-Pajares, Jose M. Arco, J. Antonio Carral, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. TCP-path: Improving load balance by network exploration. 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet). 2017; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; D. Lopez-Pajares; Jose M. Arco; J. Antonio Carral; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo. 2017. "TCP-path: Improving load balance by network exploration." 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet) , no. : 1-6.

Article
Published: 05 March 2017 in Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies
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Software defined networking (SDN) aims to provide simplified network design, operation, and management using a decoupled control plane. However, its centralized control and global network knowledge present scalability and reliability issues, which makes SDN deployment very challenging. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a hybrid switch with partial delegation of basic bridging and new cooperative mechanisms between controller and switches. This delegation offloads the SDN controllers while maintaining the capability to install forwarding rules on the switches. In this way, we take full advantage of hybrid switches in addition to using them as backwards compatible equipment, which interoperates with traditional switches.We validate this proposal by implementing a hybrid OpenFlow switch on an open source software switch as a proof of concept. Scalability and path setup delay are improved with respect to traditional centralized SDN solutions, because of the reduction in controller load and, in turn, because of the reduced traffic between switches and controller. Our cooperative mechanisms focus on recovering failures, obtaining the best performance of all approaches on higher loads, and providing a good trade-off between controller based and traditional distributed approaches.

ACS Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Elisa Rojas; Juan A. Carral; Diego Lopez-Pajares. New cooperative mechanisms for software defined networks based on hybrid switches. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 2017, 28, e3150 .

AMA Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Elisa Rojas, Juan A. Carral, Diego Lopez-Pajares. New cooperative mechanisms for software defined networks based on hybrid switches. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. 2017; 28 (8):e3150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Elisa Rojas; Juan A. Carral; Diego Lopez-Pajares. 2017. "New cooperative mechanisms for software defined networks based on hybrid switches." Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 28, no. 8: e3150.

Article
Published: 20 February 2017 in Annals of Telecommunications
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Deployment and maintenance of current data center networks is costly and prone to errors. In order to avoid manual configuration, many of them require centralized administrators which constitute a clear bottleneck, while distributed approaches do not guarantee sufficient flexibility or robustness. This paper describes and evaluates GA3 (Generalized Automatic Address Assignment), a discovery protocol that assigns multiple unique labels to all the switches in a hierarchical network, without any modification of hosts or the standard Ethernet frames. Labeling is distributed and uses probes. These labels can be leveraged for shortest path routing without tables, as in the case of the Torii protocol, but GA3 also allows other label-based routing protocols (such as PortLand or ALIAS). Additionally, GA3 can detect miswirings in the network. Furthermore, control traffic is only necessary upon network deployment rather than periodically. Simulation results showed a reduced convergence time of less than 2 s and 100 kB/s of bandwidth (to send the GA3 frames) in the worst case for popular data center topologies, which outperforms other similar protocols.

ACS Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose M. Arco; Juan A. Carral. GA3: scalable, distributed address assignment for dynamic data center networks. Annals of Telecommunications 2017, 72, 693 -702.

AMA Style

Elisa Rojas, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Jose M. Arco, Juan A. Carral. GA3: scalable, distributed address assignment for dynamic data center networks. Annals of Telecommunications. 2017; 72 (11-12):693-702.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Rojas; Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose M. Arco; Juan A. Carral. 2017. "GA3: scalable, distributed address assignment for dynamic data center networks." Annals of Telecommunications 72, no. 11-12: 693-702.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in Computer Communications
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Different types of infotainment and traffic efficiency applications make use of content distribution protocols in vehicular networks. Current research on content distribution has been focused on designing efficient protocols, but it has put little effort in modeling the nature of the applications that consume and generate those contents, or in studying the internetworking with cellular networks. This paper studies the effects of application characteristics on the performance of push- and pull-based content distribution protocols in VANETs. In particular, it considers the total number of contents being distributed, the popularity of those contents, and the utilization of a cellular backup network to guarantee a level of service for delay-bounded applications. We also propose the Multi-Hop To Infostation (MHTI) protocol: a pull-based, multi-hop protocol that sends content requests towards the closest infostation. Requests can be satisfied before reaching the infostation by any vehicle in the path that has cached the requested content. Our analysis indicates that the performance of push- and pull-based protocols is only satisfactory in scenarios with a low number of contents or highly popular ones, while MHTI also exhibits a good performance with a large number of contents, and it takes advantage from different content popularities to obtain a high number of contents through the VANET.

ACS Style

Manuel Urueña; Ignacio Soto; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Maria Calderon. Effect of content popularity, number of contents and a cellular backup network on the performance of content distribution protocols in urban VANET scenarios. Computer Communications 2017, 99, 13 -23.

AMA Style

Manuel Urueña, Ignacio Soto, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Maria Calderon. Effect of content popularity, number of contents and a cellular backup network on the performance of content distribution protocols in urban VANET scenarios. Computer Communications. 2017; 99 ():13-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuel Urueña; Ignacio Soto; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Maria Calderon. 2017. "Effect of content popularity, number of contents and a cellular backup network on the performance of content distribution protocols in urban VANET scenarios." Computer Communications 99, no. : 13-23.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2016 in Sensors
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In this paper, we describe the design considerations and implementation of a smart toy system, a technology for supporting the automatic recording and analysis for detecting developmental delays recognition when children play using the smart toy. To achieve this goal, we take advantage of the current commercial sensor features (reliability, low consumption, easy integration, etc.) to develop a series of sensor-based low-cost devices. Specifically, our prototype system consists of a tower of cubes augmented with wireless sensing capabilities and a mobile computing platform that collect the information sent from the cubes allowing the later analysis by childhood development professionals in order to verify a normal behaviour or to detect a potential disorder. This paper presents the requirements of the toy and discusses our choices in toy design, technology used, selected sensors, process to gather data from the sensors and generate information that will help in the decision-making and communication of the information to the collector system. In addition, we also describe the play activities the system supports.

ACS Style

Diego Rivera; Antonio García H.; Bernardo Alarcos; Juan R. Velasco; José Eugenio Ortega; Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. Smart Toys Designed for Detecting Developmental Delays. Sensors 2016, 16, 1953 .

AMA Style

Diego Rivera, Antonio García H., Bernardo Alarcos, Juan R. Velasco, José Eugenio Ortega, Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. Smart Toys Designed for Detecting Developmental Delays. Sensors. 2016; 16 (11):1953.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego Rivera; Antonio García H.; Bernardo Alarcos; Juan R. Velasco; José Eugenio Ortega; Isaías Martínez-Yelmo. 2016. "Smart Toys Designed for Detecting Developmental Delays." Sensors 16, no. 11: 1953.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2015 in Computer Networks
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ACS Style

Elisa Rojas; Guillermo Ibañez; Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman; Juan A. Carral; Alberto Garcia-Martinez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose Manuel Arco. All-Path bridging: Path exploration protocols for data center and campus networks. Computer Networks 2015, 79, 120 -132.

AMA Style

Elisa Rojas, Guillermo Ibañez, Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman, Juan A. Carral, Alberto Garcia-Martinez, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Jose Manuel Arco. All-Path bridging: Path exploration protocols for data center and campus networks. Computer Networks. 2015; 79 ():120-132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Rojas; Guillermo Ibañez; Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman; Juan A. Carral; Alberto Garcia-Martinez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Jose Manuel Arco. 2015. "All-Path bridging: Path exploration protocols for data center and campus networks." Computer Networks 79, no. : 120-132.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2012 in 2012 Third International Conference on The Network of the Future (NOF)
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In order to overcome the limitations of the current Internet addressing, it is generally accepted that the Future Internet needs a separation between identifiers and network locators. Such identifier-locator split is also needed in infrastructure-less networks, such as Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) and Delay Tolerant Networks, since they are an integral part of the Future Internet. Despite the amount of work in infrastructure-based networks, only a few proposals have considered how to apply this identifier-locator split in infrastructure-less networks. The contribution of this paper is an identifier-locator resolution system that can work in sparse MANETs, which are prone to network partitions. Our approach is an identifier-locator association discovery system, which uses periodic beacons to exchange the resolution information, avoiding the establishment of shared state between nodes. Our system exploits the broadcast nature of the wireless medium, opportunistic encounters, and information replication to disseminate identifier-locator associations across the network. The results of our extensive experiments demonstrate that our solution outperforms the related work, achieving a higher identifier-locator association discovery rate.

ACS Style

Daniel Rodriguez-Fernandez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Ellen Munthe-Kaas; Thomas Plagemann. ILORIN: Identifier-locator resolution for infrastructure-less networks. 2012 Third International Conference on The Network of the Future (NOF) 2012, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Daniel Rodriguez-Fernandez, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Ellen Munthe-Kaas, Thomas Plagemann. ILORIN: Identifier-locator resolution for infrastructure-less networks. 2012 Third International Conference on The Network of the Future (NOF). 2012; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Rodriguez-Fernandez; Isaias Martinez-Yelmo; Ellen Munthe-Kaas; Thomas Plagemann. 2012. "ILORIN: Identifier-locator resolution for infrastructure-less networks." 2012 Third International Conference on The Network of the Future (NOF) , no. : 1-8.